Photoelectric sensor and amplification control method for light receiving amount of photoelectric sensor

Abstract

The invention discloses a photoelectric sensor and an amplification control method for the light receiving quantity of the photoelectric sensor, and a photoelectric sensor system based on a self-adaptive light intensity adjusting function, and the photoelectric sensor system comprises a composite photosensitive module, an intelligent amplification system, an environment compensation unit, and an intelligent control core. The method further comprises the following steps: step 1, a sub-band processing stage; step 2, a multi-stage gain control stage; and step 3, a real-time feedback adjustment stage. The micro-mechanical dimming layer and the intelligent control core are adopted, the aperture and the polarization direction of the diaphragm can be adjusted in real time according to the intensity and distribution of incident light, it is ensured that the system keeps the optimal working state under various illumination conditions, and through the three-dimensional stacked structure of the composite light sensing module, the light sensing efficiency is improved. The silicon-based photodiode array and the InGaAs avalanche diode array are combined, efficient detection of different wavelengths and light intensities is achieved, and the light sensitivity and the signal quality are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of optoelectronic detection technology, and particularly to an optoelectronic sensor and a method for amplifying and controlling the light reception amount of the optoelectronic sensor. Background Art

[0002] The method for amplifying and controlling the light reception amount of an optoelectronic sensor aims to ensure that the gain of the light reception amount can stably respond to the sensitivity adjustment operation. The core of this method lies in controlling the light intensity, and then regulating the polarization voltage and the resulting microcurrent. By using an optoelectronic logarithmic amplifier, the light signal can be effectively converted into an electrical signal, and the light intensity can be controlled through a feedback mechanism to achieve the purpose of logarithmic amplification. Such a design not only improves the sensitivity of the signal, but also reduces noise interference and ensures the quality of the signal.

[0003] Traditional optoelectronic sensors have technical defects such as limited dynamic range, obvious temperature drift, and insufficient noise suppression. Especially in complex lighting environments, the existing sensors mostly use fixed-gain amplification for light reception amount control, resulting in insufficient sensitivity for weak light detection and easy oversaturation for strong light. The present invention realizes stable signal output under all lighting conditions through the collaborative optimization of structural innovation and control algorithms. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (I) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention adopts a micro-machined light-dimming layer and an intelligent control core, which can adjust the aperture opening and polarization direction in real time according to the intensity and distribution of incident light, and ensure that the system maintains the best working state under various lighting conditions.

[0006] (II) Technical Solutions

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: An optoelectronic sensor, an optoelectronic sensor system based on an adaptive light intensity adjustment function, characterized by comprising:

[0008] a) Composite photosensitive module:

[0009] The three-dimensional stacked optoelectronic conversion unit is vertically integrated by a bottom silicon-based photodiode array and a top InGaAs avalanche diode array, wherein:

[0010] The silicon-based array is arranged in a 10×10 matrix, and the unit size is 0.8mm×0.8mm;

[0011] The InGaAs array is arranged in a 5×5 staggered pattern to cover the central area, and electrical interconnection is achieved through gold bumps;

[0012] The micro-machined light-dimming layer is arranged 100μm above the photosensitive module and includes:

[0013] The piezoelectric ceramic driven diaphragm array corresponds to the optoelectronic unit one by one; the birefringent crystal modulation sheet can rotate to adjust the incident polarization;

[0014] b) Intelligent amplification system:

[0015] The dual-channel preamplifier circuit includes:

[0016] The transimpedance amplification channel is directly connected to the output of the silicon-based array, and the logarithmic amplification channel is coupled with the avalanche diode signal;

[0017] The dynamic synthesis module uses a digital potentiometer to achieve weighted fusion of dual-channel signals, and the adaptive post-amplification includes a cascaded programmable gain amplifier and a bandwidth adjustable filter;

[0018] c) Environmental compensation unit:

[0019] The distributed temperature monitoring array includes an embedded thermopile and a platinum resistor; the active temperature control subsystem integrates thermoelectric cooling and heating resistors;

[0020] The bias voltage compensation circuit adjusts the reverse bias voltage of the avalanche diode in real time;

[0021] d) Intelligent control core:

[0022] The multi-core processor runs the light intensity distribution analysis algorithm, and the digital signal co-processor implements real-time noise suppression; the opto-mechanical linkage controller synchronously adjusts the diaphragm opening and amplification gain.

[0023] As a preferred solution, the micro-mechanical dimming layer includes:

[0024] The diaphragm array is arranged in a honeycomb structure, and a single diaphragm is composed of 6 piezoelectric ceramic sheets to form a petal-shaped opening and closing mechanism;

[0025] The surface of the birefringent crystal modulation sheet is coated with a wavelength selection film, and the rotation angle control range is ±45°;

[0026] The light intensity distribution sensor monitors the incident light intensity gradient of each area in real time.

[0027] As a preferred solution, the environmental compensation unit achieves: the thermopile and the platinum resistor constitute a three-dimensional temperature field model; the thermoelectric cooler uses pulse width modulation to accurately control the temperature, and the temperature stability reaches ±0.1°C; the bias compensation circuit dynamically adjusts the working point of the APD according to the temperature-voltage characteristic curve.

[0028] As a preferred solution, the dynamic synthesis module includes:

[0029] The signal feature extraction unit analyzes the signal-to-noise ratio indexes of each channel;

[0030] The adaptive weighting algorithm dynamically distributes the dual-channel weight coefficients according to the ambient light intensity;

[0031] The noise cancellation circuit uses common-mode rejection technology to eliminate interference between channels.

[0032] A method for amplifying and controlling the light-receiving amount of a photoelectric sensor includes the following steps:

[0033] Step 1, frequency band processing stage:

[0034] Decompose the photoelectric signal into a DC component, a low-frequency modulation signal, and a high-frequency noise component according to the frequency band;

[0035] Perform baseline calibration with temperature compensation on the DC component;

[0036] Use adaptive notch filtering for the low-frequency signal;

[0037] Step 2, multi-stage gain control stage:

[0038] The pre-stage performs non-linear compression amplification to prevent signal saturation;

[0039] The middle stage performs linearization processing for dynamic range expansion;

[0040] The last stage performs frequency-selective gain boosting;

[0041] Step 3, real-time feedback adjustment stage:

[0042] Inversely adjust the aperture opening according to the signal-to-noise ratio index of the output signal;

[0043] Modify the bias voltage of the avalanche diode according to the change in ambient temperature;

[0044] Dynamically optimize the filter cut-off frequency through power spectrum analysis.

[0045] As a preferred solution, the control method of the opto-mechanical linkage controller includes:

[0046] S1: Obtain the spatial distribution of the incident light field through a light intensity distribution sensor;

[0047] S2: A multi-core processor calculates the optimal light flux parameters for each region;

[0048] S3: The opto-mechanical linkage controller generates:

[0049] A piezoelectric ceramic drive signal to adjust the local aperture opening;

[0050] The rotation angle of the birefringent crystal to control the polarization component;

[0051] Step S4: Synchronously adjust the gain parameters of the amplifier circuit in the corresponding region.

[0052] As a preferred solution, it includes the following cooperative control stages:

[0053] A1, light intensity tuning stage

[0054] The mechanical attenuation adjustment of the local incident light flux is achieved through the piezoelectric ceramic diaphragm array of the micromachined light modulation layer, and the attenuation rate has an exponential relationship with the diaphragm opening;

[0055] Synchronously control the rotation angle of the birefringent crystal modulation sheet to adjust the polarization direction of the incident light to match the spectral response characteristics of the avalanche diode;

[0056] A2. Electronic gain adjustment stage

[0057] The front-stage transimpedance amplification channel adopts a non-linear feedback network and automatically switches to the logarithmic amplification mode when the input light intensity > 10^3 lx;

[0058] The dynamic synthesis module distributes the hybrid weight coefficients (adjustable from 0.1 to 0.9) of the silicon-based channel and the avalanche channel according to the ambient light intensity gradient distribution by region

[0059] A3. Environmental compensation stage

[0060] Construct a three-dimensional thermal field model based on the distributed temperature monitoring array, and maintain the temperature gradient of the photosensitive module < 0.5 °C / cm through the active temperature control subsystem 2 ;

[0061] The bias voltage compensation circuit dynamically corrects the reverse bias voltage of the avalanche diode (step accuracy ±0.1 V) according to the temperature-breakdown voltage characteristic curve.

[0062] (III) Beneficial effects

[0063] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a photoelectric sensor and a method for amplifying and controlling the light receiving amount of the photoelectric sensor, having the following beneficial effects:

[0064] First, through the three-dimensional stacked structure of the composite photosensitive module of the present invention, combining the silicon-based photodiode array and the InGaAs avalanche diode array, the efficient detection of different wavelengths and light intensities is realized, and the photosensitive sensitivity and signal quality are significantly improved.

[0065] Second, the present invention adopts a micromachined light modulation layer and an intelligent control core, and can adjust the diaphragm opening and polarization direction in real time according to the intensity and distribution of the incident light, ensuring that the system maintains the best working state under various illumination conditions.

[0066] Third, through the environmental compensation unit, the present invention realizes temperature field modeling and active temperature control, dynamically adjusts the avalanche diode bias voltage, and effectively eliminates the influence of environmental temperature and noise on the detection accuracy.

[0067] IV. The present invention synchronously adjusts the aperture opening, polarization angle, and amplification gain parameters through an opto-mechanical linkage controller to achieve efficient coordination between optics and electronics, ensuring a fast system response speed and high adjustment accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0068] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the optoelectronic sensor system of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the method step flow of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0070] In order to better understand the purpose, structure, and function of the present invention, the optoelectronic sensor and the method for amplifying and controlling the light receiving amount of the optoelectronic sensor of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0071] Embodiment 1

[0072] This embodiment relates to an optoelectronic sensor with a dual-mode light intensity adjustment function and a method for dynamically amplifying and controlling the light receiving amount thereof, which is applicable to fields such as precision optical measurement, industrial automation detection, and medical imaging, etc.

[0073] Reference Figure 1-2 , the optoelectronic sensor system of the present invention, based on the adaptive light intensity adjustment function, includes:

[0074] a) Composite photosensitive module:

[0075] The three-dimensional stacked optoelectronic conversion unit is vertically integrated by a bottom silicon-based photodiode array and a top InGaAs avalanche diode array, where:

[0076] The silicon-based array is arranged in a 10×10 matrix, and the unit size is 0.8mm×0.8mm;

[0077] The InGaAs array is arranged in a 5×5 staggered pattern to cover the central area and realizes electrical interconnection through gold bumps;

[0078] The micro-machined light modulation layer is arranged 100μm above the photosensitive module and includes:

[0079] The piezoelectric ceramic-driven aperture array corresponds to the optoelectronic unit one by one; the birefringent crystal modulation sheet can rotate the angle to adjust the incident polarization;

[0080] b) Intelligent amplification system:

[0081] The dual-channel pre-amplification circuit includes:

[0082] The transimpedance amplification channel is directly connected to the output of the silicon-based array, and the logarithmic amplification channel couples the avalanche diode signal;

[0083] The dynamic synthesis module uses a digital potentiometer to achieve dual-channel signal weighted fusion, and the adaptive post-stage amplification includes a cascaded programmable gain amplifier and a bandwidth adjustable filter;

[0084] c) Environmental compensation unit:

[0085] The distributed temperature monitoring array includes an embedded thermopile and a platinum resistor; the active temperature control subsystem integrates a thermoelectric cooler and a heating resistor;

[0086] The bias voltage compensation circuit adjusts the reverse bias voltage of the avalanche diode in real time;

[0087] d) Intelligent control core:

[0088] The multi-core processor runs the light intensity distribution analysis algorithm, and the digital signal co-processor implements real-time noise suppression; the opto-mechanical linkage controller synchronously adjusts the aperture opening and the amplification gain.

[0089] Specifically, this embodiment proposes an optoelectronic sensor system with an adaptive light intensity adjustment function, which breaks through the dynamic range limit of traditional sensors through the synergistic effect of an integrated optical regulation layer and an intelligent amplification circuit. Among them, the micro-machined light regulation layer includes:

[0090] The aperture array is arranged in a honeycomb structure, and a single aperture consists of 6 piezoelectric ceramic sheets to form a petal-shaped opening and closing mechanism;

[0091] The surface of the birefringent crystal modulation sheet is coated with a wavelength selection film, and the rotation angle control range is ±45°;

[0092] The light intensity distribution sensor monitors the incident light intensity gradient in each area in real time.

[0093] More specifically, the dynamic synthesis module includes:

[0094] The signal feature extraction unit analyzes the signal-to-noise ratio indexes of each channel;

[0095] The adaptive weighting algorithm dynamically allocates the dual-channel weight coefficients according to the ambient light intensity;

[0096] The noise cancellation circuit uses a common-mode rejection technique to eliminate interference between channels.

[0097] Furthermore, the environmental compensation unit realizes: the thermopile and the platinum resistor constitute a three-dimensional temperature field modeling; the thermoelectric cooler uses a pulse width modulation method to accurately control the temperature, and the temperature stability reaches ±0.1°C; the bias compensation circuit dynamically adjusts the working point of the APD according to the temperature-voltage characteristic curve.

[0098] Even further, in the intelligent control core in step d, the control method of its opto-mechanical linkage controller includes:

[0099] S1: Obtain the spatial distribution of the incident light field through the light intensity distribution sensor;

[0100] S2: The multi-core processor calculates the optimal light flux parameters for each area;

[0101] S3: The optical-mechanical linkage controller generates:

[0102] A piezoelectric ceramic drive signal to adjust the opening of the local aperture;

[0103] The rotation angle of the birefringent crystal to control the polarization component;

[0104] Step S4: Synchronously adjust the gain parameters of the corresponding area amplifier circuit.

[0105] Embodiment 2

[0106] This embodiment provides a method for amplifying and controlling the light receiving amount of a photoelectric sensor, including the following steps:

[0107] Step 1. Frequency band processing stage:

[0108] The photoelectric signal is decomposed into a DC component, a low-frequency modulation signal, and a high-frequency noise component according to the frequency band;

[0109] Perform baseline calibration with temperature compensation on the DC component;

[0110] Adopt adaptive notch filtering for the low-frequency signal;

[0111] Step 2. Multi-stage gain control stage:

[0112] The pre-stage performs non-linear compression amplification to prevent signal saturation;

[0113] The middle stage performs linearization processing for dynamic range expansion;

[0114] The last stage performs frequency-selective gain enhancement;

[0115] Step 3. Real-time feedback adjustment stage:

[0116] According to the signal-to-noise ratio index of the output signal, reversely adjust the aperture opening;

[0117] Modify the bias voltage of the avalanche diode according to the environmental temperature change;

[0118] Dynamically optimize the filter cut-off frequency through power spectrum analysis.

[0119] The method steps of this embodiment form a closed loop with the hardware structure of Embodiment 1, such as the time-domain cooperation mechanism between the mechanical adjustment of the aperture and the electronic gain adjustment.

[0120] Furthermore, the present invention also includes a control circuit system for a photoelectric sensor, specifically including:

[0121] The multimodal signal processing module, whose strong-current conversion unit adopts a bipolar input architecture and supports pA-level dark current detection, and the temperature-voltage conversion unit performs weighted fusion on the thermopile signal and the platinum resistance signal;

[0122] The dynamic gain control module, whose piezoelectric drive circuit generates a high-voltage pulse signal of 0 - 200V to drive the nanoscale displacement of the aperture array, and the avalanche bias generation circuit provides a programmable high voltage of 50 - 400V with a ripple factor < 0.01%;

[0123] The gain cooperative controller synchronously adjusts:

[0124] The aperture opening (control range 0.1 - 1.2mm)

[0125] The rotation angle of the birefringent crystal (-45° to +45°)

[0126] The gain of the amplifier circuit (0 - 60dB)

[0127] The intelligent feedback network

[0128] Its light intensity closed-loop feedback unit compares the deviation between the actual output signal and the target dynamic range to generate an optomechanical adjustment command;

[0129] The noise adaptive suppression unit implements:

[0130] The dynamic notch of power frequency interference (the center frequency is adjustable at 50Hz ± 0.1Hz)

[0131] The coherent cancellation of 1 / f noise

[0132] The statistical modeling compensation of avalanche noise.

[0133] Specifically, the piezoelectric drive circuit of the present invention adopts a charge pump architecture to achieve high-voltage miniaturization, the avalanche bias circuit introduces a secondary electron multiplication effect compensation algorithm, and the gain cooperative controller realizes μs-level response synchronization through FPGA.

[0134] It can be understood that the present invention is described through some embodiments. Those skilled in the art know that without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes or equivalent replacements can be made to these features and embodiments. In addition, under the teaching of the present invention, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application belong to the scope protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A photoelectric sensor, a photoelectric sensor system based on an adaptive light intensity adjustment function, characterized in that, Comprising: a) Composite photosensitive module: The three-dimensional stacked optoelectronic conversion unit is vertically integrated by a bottom-layer silicon-based photodiode array and a top-layer InGaAs avalanche diode array, where: The silicon-based array is arranged in a 10×10 matrix, and the unit size is 0.8mm×0.8mm; The InGaAs array is arranged in a 5×5 staggered pattern to cover the central area, and electrical interconnection is achieved through gold bumps; The micromachined dimming layer is disposed 100μm above the photosensitive module and includes: The piezoelectric ceramic-driven diaphragm array corresponds to the optoelectronic unit one by one; the birefringent crystal modulation sheet can rotate to adjust the incident polarization; b) Intelligent amplification system: The dual-channel pre-amplification circuit includes: The transimpedance amplification channel is directly connected to the output of the silicon-based array, and the logarithmic amplification channel couples the avalanche diode signal; The dynamic synthesis module uses a digital potentiometer to achieve weighted fusion of dual-channel signals, and the adaptive post-amplification includes a cascaded programmable gain amplifier and a bandwidth-adjustable filter; c) Environmental compensation unit: The distributed temperature monitoring array includes an embedded thermopile and a platinum resistor; the active temperature control subsystem integrates a thermoelectric cooler and a heating resistor; The bias voltage compensation circuit adjusts the reverse bias voltage of the avalanche diode in real time; d) Intelligent control core: The multi-core processor runs the light intensity distribution analysis algorithm, and the digital signal co-processor implements real-time noise suppression; synchronously adjusts the diaphragm opening and amplification gain.

2. The optoelectronic sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The micromachined dimming layer includes: The diaphragm array is arranged in a honeycomb structure, and a single diaphragm is composed of 6 piezoelectric ceramic sheets to form a petal-shaped opening and closing mechanism; The birefringent crystal modulation sheet is coated with a wavelength-selective film, and the rotation angle control range is ±45°; The light intensity distribution sensor monitors the incident light intensity gradient in each area in real time.

3. The optoelectronic sensor according to claim 1, wherein, The environmental compensation unit realizes: the thermopile and the platinum resistor constitute a three-dimensional temperature field modeling; the thermoelectric cooler uses pulse width modulation to accurately control the temperature, and the temperature stability reaches ±0.1°C; the bias compensation circuit dynamically adjusts the working point of the APD according to the temperature-voltage characteristic curve.

4. The optoelectronic sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that , The dynamic synthesis module includes: The signal feature extraction unit analyzes the signal-to-noise ratio indexes of each channel; The adaptive weighting algorithm dynamically distributes the dual-channel weight coefficients according to the ambient light intensity; The noise cancellation circuit uses common-mode rejection technology to eliminate interference between channels.

5. A method for amplifying and controlling the amount of light received by a photoelectric sensor, including the photoelectric sensor according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Step 1, frequency band processing stage: The optoelectronic signal is decomposed into a DC component, a low-frequency modulation signal, and a high-frequency noise component according to the frequency band; Perform baseline calibration of temperature compensation on the DC component; Use adaptive notch filtering for the low-frequency signal; Step 2, multi-stage gain control stage: The pre-stage performs non-linear compression amplification to prevent signal saturation; The middle stage performs linearization processing for dynamic range expansion; The last stage performs frequency-selective gain enhancement; Step 3, real-time feedback adjustment stage: Reverse-adjust the diaphragm opening according to the signal-to-noise ratio index of the output signal; Correct the bias voltage of the avalanche diode according to the ambient temperature change; Dynamically optimize the filter cut-off frequency through power spectrum analysis.

6. The method for amplifying and controlling the amount of light received by the photoelectric sensor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The control method of the optomechanical linkage controller includes: S1: Obtain the spatial distribution of the incident light field through the light intensity distribution sensor; S2: The multi-core processor calculates the optimal light flux parameters in each area; S3: The optomechanical linkage controller generates: Piezoelectric ceramic drive signals to adjust the local diaphragm opening; The rotation angle of the birefringent crystal controls the polarization component; Step S4: Synchronously adjust the gain parameter of the corresponding area amplification circuit.

7. The method for amplifying and controlling the light reception amount of the photoelectric sensor according to claim 5, wherein It includes the following collaborative control stages: A1. Optical intensity tuning stage The mechanical attenuation adjustment of the local incident light flux is realized through the piezoelectric ceramic diaphragm array of the micromachined dimming layer, and the attenuation rate has an exponential relationship with the diaphragm opening; Synchronously control the rotation angle of the birefringent crystal modulation sheet, and adjust the polarization direction of the incident light to match the spectral response characteristics of the avalanche diode; A2. Electronic gain adjustment stage The pre-stage transimpedance amplification channel adopts a non-linear feedback network and automatically switches to the logarithmic amplification mode when the input light intensity > 10^3 lx; The dynamic synthesis module distributes the hybrid weight coefficients of the silicon-based channel and the avalanche channel according to the ambient light intensity gradient distribution (adjustable from 0.1 to 0.9) A3. Environmental compensation stage Construct a three-dimensional thermal field model based on a distributed temperature monitoring array, and maintain the temperature gradient of the photosensitive module < 0.5 °C / cm through the active temperature control subsystem 2 ; The bias voltage compensation circuit dynamically corrects the reverse bias voltage of the avalanche diode (step accuracy ±0.1 V) according to the temperature-breakdown voltage characteristic curve.

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