Integrated drafting mechanism

Abstract

The invention relates to a drafting device for drafting combed fiber loops before the placement of the combed fiber loops into a can, the drafting device (1) being arranged on the upper side of a can changer (W) associated with a carding machine (K), having a vertically arranged 2-up 2-down drafting device with an upper first drafting roller pair (7, 8), the invention relates to a drawing device (1) having a first drawing roller pair (9, 10) which is designed to form a first clamping point (P1), and having a lower second drawing roller pair (9, 10) which is designed to form a second clamping point (P2). The invention is characterized in that the second clamping point (P2) of the second drawing roller pair (9, 10) is arranged horizontally offset by an offset (V) with respect to the first clamping point (P1), and a pressure lever (13) is arranged below the first drawing roller pair (7, 8) in such a way that the sliver (FB) is vertically guided from a convex surface of the pressure lever (13) with respect to the second clamping point.

Description

Field of the Invention

[0001] The present invention relates to a drafting mechanism for drafting a carded sliver lap before the lap is placed in a can, wherein the drafting mechanism is arranged on the upper side of a can changer associated with a carding machine. Background Art

[0002] According to the prior art, it is known in the textile art to place a carded sliver lap in a can. For this purpose, a drafting mechanism can be arranged between the carding machine and the coiler, thereby saving significant space and reducing investment costs for subsequent processes. In addition, there is no need to control a drafting device arranged separately behind the coiler of the carding machine and the time-consuming can transportation process is eliminated. One drafting step is reduced in the entire production line from the carding machine to the rotor spinning machine or the air-jet spinning machine. Such a so-called "integrated drafting device" can be arranged in the carding machine housing (with the material flow direction arranged horizontally), or arranged above the coiler (with the material flow direction arranged vertically). The integrated drafting device arranged above the coiler has the following advantages: the output of the carding machine can be reduced when changing the can, and a storage device arranged between the carding machine and the integrated drafting device can compensate for the speed drop of the sliver.

[0003] These integrated drafting devices can be controlled or uncontrolled. Different from known drafting devices for drafting and combining multiple slivers, only a single incoming sliver is processed in such integrated drafting devices. They usually have a two-zone drafting mechanism composed of a 3-up 3-down or 3-up 4-down roller arrangement structure, and the width of the drafting zone is limited. Therefore, the applicability to specific fiber lengths is limited, because especially when processing short fibers (<20 mm), in the case of only one sliver, the textile properties of the subsequently manufactured yarn are insufficient. Especially when processing recycled textiles, the proportion of short fibers in the fiber mixture increases, which makes the processing more complex. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a drafting device for carded slivers, which can process fibers of a variety of different fiber lengths with high quality.

[0005] The present invention solves the proposed task by a device having the features given in claim 1. Advantageous expansions of the present invention are defined in the dependent claims.

[0006] The present invention relates to a drafting mechanism for drafting a carded sliver before the sliver is placed in a can, wherein the drafting mechanism is arranged on the upper side of a can changer associated with a carding machine.

[0007] The drafting device according to the present invention has a vertically arranged 2-up-2-down drafting mechanism, which has an upper first drafting roller pair configured to form a first clamping point. Below the first drafting roller pair, a second drafting roller pair is arranged, which is configured to form a second clamping point.

[0008] The technical teaching included in the present invention is that the second drafting roller pair is arranged with its second clamping point horizontally offset relative to the first clamping point, and a pressure bar is arranged below the first drafting roller pair such that the sliver is guided from the convex surface of the pressure bar to the second clamping point, wherein the contact point or deflection point of the sliver on the pressure bar is vertically arranged relative to the second clamping point.

[0009] Although the contact point or deflection point of the sliver on the pressure bar is vertically arranged relative to the second clamping point, due to the speed of the incoming sliver, the sliver hits the surface of the second drafting roller pair at an angle of ±30° relative to the vertical line and is drawn into the second clamping point. This angle of ±30° relative to the vertical line ensures that the sliver can be guided to or drawn into the second clamping point regardless of the clamping line distance and the speed of the incoming sliver. The horizontal offset provides the necessary installation space for the pressure bar to transfer the sliver to the second drafting roller pair. The sliver enters vertically through the first drafting roller pair, hits the inclined side surface of the pressure bar, and is vertically guided to the second clamping point by its convex contour. The offset arrangement of the second drafting roller pair relative to the first drafting roller pair, combined with the arrangement of the pressure bar, facilitates the automatic threading of the vertically running sliver.

[0010] By arranging the pressure bar between the first and second upper rollers, these two upper rollers can be arranged slightly offset in the vertical direction below the associated lower roller, so that the clamping point is displaced on the circumference of the lower roller. The small downward displacement of the clamping point and the horizontal offset of the second drafting roller pair against the x direction enable the pressure bar to be installed between the upper rollers.

[0011] If the horizontal offset of the second drafting roller pair is carried out in the opposite direction (i.e., the x direction), and at the same time the lower roller is arranged offset in the vertical direction below the upper roller, the pressure bar can also be associated with the first lower roller with a changed longitudinal orientation. However, the structural design presented here is beneficial for disassembling the upper roller for cleaning and maintaining the drafting mechanism, because the pressure bar can also be removed with the disassembly of the upper roller to clean the lower roller.

[0012] The pressure bar preferably has a rectangular or square base body with a convex contour on its outer surface. In the installed state, at least one outer surface is configured to deflect the sliver from the first drafting roller pair to the second drafting roller pair. The outer surface with the convex contour is tangent to the sliver here such that the sliver is guided vertically relative to the second clamping point. Thereby, short fibers are also guided when the clamping line distance is variable.

[0013] The press bar is inclined at an angle (α) of 40° to 60° (preferably 50° to 55°) from the horizontal to the vertical direction in its longitudinal direction, which is beneficial for automatic head formation because the fiber strand hits the inclined upper side of the press bar from the first drafting roller pair and is thus guided along the convex contour to the second drafting roller pair.

[0014] By intersecting the center line or symmetry line constructed along the longitudinal direction of the press bar with the center point of the first upper roller, a compact structural design is achieved, and thus the clamping line distance can be 35 mm.

[0015] The offset arrangement of the upper roller relative to the lower roller in the vertical direction causes the clamping point to shift on the circumference of the lower roller. By the offset arrangement of the upper roller below the symmetry line of the lower roller, the clamping point also shifts downward. This, combined with the inclined arrangement of the press bar, is beneficial for automatic head formation.

[0016] The horizontal offset (V) between the first clamping point (P1) and the second clamping point (P2) can be between 5 mm and 12 mm. The horizontal offset (V) allows the fiber strand to deflect through the convex contour of the press bar, thereby better guiding the short fibers. This results in an improvement in textile technology, especially when recycling fiber mixtures, enabling the yarn to obtain higher yarn strength and lower IPI values.

[0017] The use of the press bar enables an increase in the clamping line distance, especially when processing short fibers. The clamping line distance can vary between 35 mm and 75 mm between the clamping points.

[0018] Preferably, the upper first drafting roller pair and the lower second drafting roller pair are respectively supported in separate drive housings, and the distance between them is adjustable. The adjustment of the clamping line distance is achieved by the displacement or distance change between the drive housings, so that neither the individual drafting rollers need to be moved separately nor the drive components such as belts, deflectors, or gears are affected.

[0019] In order to maintain the geometric shape of the press bar arrangement when adjusting the clamping line distance, the press bar is arranged fixedly relative to the position of the first upper roller. Thereby, when the clamping line distance changes, the automatic threading and guiding of the short fibers are not affected.

[0020] Preferably, each drive housing has its own drive, which is configured to drive both the corresponding lower roller and the associated inlet measuring roller pair or outlet measuring roller pair independently of the other drive housing. When changing the clamping line distance by means of an adjusting element acting on the drive housing, there is no need to separately adjust the drafting rollers, nor to adjust drive components such as belts, deflectors, or gears.

[0021] The drafting mechanism is preferably designed as a controlled drafting mechanism. The inlet and outlet metering rollers regulate and monitor the sliver weight after drafting and can also be configured to detect malfunctions, sliver breaks, or sliver jams during automatic spinning-in. To adjust the sliver weight, the upper and lower drafting roller pairs can be driven independently. The drive can be designed as a servo drive, eliminating the need to change gears when varying the drafting zone width or draft amount depending on the fiber being processed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Further measures for improving the invention are explained in detail below in conjunction with the description of preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention with the aid of the drawings.

[0023] In the picture:

[0024] Figure 1 A carding machine with a subsequent coiler and an integrated drafting device is shown;

[0025] Figure 2a 、 Figure 2b showing perspective views of the housing with and without closing;

[0026] Figure 3 A front view showing the main components of the drafting device according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4a 、 Figure 4b Two views showing a drafting roller pair with a pressure bar having different drafting zone widths;

[0028] Figure 5 A first perspective view showing the support structure of the drafting roller pair;

[0029] Figure 6 Shows a top view of the drafting mechanism with the upper roller in the unlocked position;

[0030] Figure 7 A second perspective view showing the support structure of the drafting roller pair with the upper roller removed;

[0031] Figure 8 Shows a rear view of the drafting arrangement with the drive assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Figure 1There is shown a carding machine K, in which the produced sliver FB is guided to a drafting mechanism 1 by means of a plurality of deflecting rollers R. The drafting mechanism 1 is arranged on the upper side of the creel changer W and integrated therewith, and thus is a component of the carding machine K. In this embodiment, a storage S for the sliver FB is arranged between the carding machine K and the drafting mechanism 1, which is configured to at least partially compensate for the difference in the supply speed of the sliver FB between the carding machine K and the drafting mechanism 1. The use or arrangement of the storage S is not important for the present invention. For a better understanding of the subsequent arrangement of the components, a Cartesian coordinate system is adopted here, in which the z-direction is the vertical direction and the sliver FB enters the drafting mechanism 1 in this vertical direction. The y-direction corresponds to the longitudinal axis of the drafting rollers in the subsequent figures, and the x-direction is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the drafting rollers. The key of the present invention is that the single sliver FB enters the drafting mechanism 1 vertically (z-direction) by means of gravity.

[0033] Figure 2a and Figure 2b There is shown a cover 2 for closing and opening the drafting device 1 according to the present invention, which has horizontally openable flaps 2a, 2b on the front side, so that access to the drafting mechanism can be obtained for maintenance work. The flaps 2a, 2b are pivotally fastened to the cover 2 by means of hinges. Also arranged on the cover 2 is an upwardly pivotable cover plate 3, which has an opening 3a. The cover plate 3 is integrated into the flaps 2a, 2b, so that the flaps 2a, 2b have notches corresponding to the contour of the cover plate 3. A deflecting roller R is arranged on the cover plate 3, by means of which the sliver FB can be deflected and introduced into the opening 3a of the cover plate 3 and into the upper first funnel 5. A pipe 37 is arranged on the upper side of the cover 2, on which a pipe for connecting the exhaust gas of the spinning preparation process can be arranged. Dust and unprocessed fiber material can be sucked away through the pipe 37. The drafting device 1 is arranged on the upper side of the creel changer W, wherein a storage area A in the form of a depression is arranged on this upper side. The storage area A is configured such that the upper rollers 7, 8 of the drafting mechanism 1 can be stored during maintenance or cleaning. Different from the prior art, no components for fiber guiding or processing are arranged on the inner sides of the flaps 2a, 2b. By means of a magnetically lockable sensor, the cover plate 3 and the flaps 2a, 2b can completely close the cover 2 (except for the opening 3a), so that when the cover 2 is opened during operation, the control device of the carding machine stops the drafting mechanism 1.

[0034] Figure 3A first front view showing the opened drafting mechanism 1 with the cover 2 and the cover plate 3 removed. Only the front part of the upper drive housing 4a is visible, which, according to other figures, extends further behind the arrangement of the rollers and the funnel and is not shown here. The sliver FB, not shown here, enters the first funnel 5 vertically (z-direction) and is detected by the inlet measuring roller pair 6a, 6b. The funnel 5 is configured to pivot upward away from the inlet measuring roller pair 6a, 6b in the vertical direction (Z-direction) to allow cleaning of the subsequent inlet measuring roller pair 6a, 6b or elimination of false threading. The subsequent inlet measuring roller pair 6a, 6b is configured to detect the deviation of the sliver FB from a preset sliver grammage and transmit the measured value to a control device, not shown, and display it on a display, which can be, for example, the control device of the carding machine K here. For this purpose, one inlet measuring roller 6b is rotatably supported in a fixed position, while the second inlet measuring roller 6a is supported movably relative to the first inlet measuring roller 6b. The movement of the second inlet measuring roller 6a can be detected by, for example, a moving coil sensor (Tauchspule) or other sensors, and the displacement change is converted into a grammage deviation. What is not shown further is that scraper-type roller cleaners can be arranged on both sides of the inlet measuring roller pair 6a, 6b to clean the surfaces of the inlet measuring rollers 6a, 6b. The inlet measuring roller pair 6a, 6b can be configured as a grooved / probing roller or a stepped roller, or include two smooth rollers. A scraper 16 or other guiding element can be arranged below the measuring roller 6b on the left side shown in this view to separate the sliver FB from the inlet measuring roller pair 6a, 6b and introduce it into the first drafting roller pair 7, 8. The pressure load, not shown, on the movable inlet measuring roller 6a can be released by a lever 36a, thereby enabling it to move away from the inlet measuring roller 6b arranged in a fixed position. Thereby, maintenance and cleaning of the inlet measuring roller pair 6a, 6b and the upper drafting roller pair 7, 8 arranged below it become easier. The lever 36a is shown in the locked position for the movable inlet measuring roller 6a. [[ID=ID=1]]

[0035] The fiber strip FB continues to run vertically downward until it is caught by the first lower roller 7 and the first upper roller 8. These two rollers 7 and 8 form a first drafting roller pair. With a slight deviation against the x-direction, the fiber strip FB hits the pressure bar 13, is guided through the pressure bar and reaches the second drafting roller pair formed by the second lower roller 9 and the second upper roller 10. Thus, the drafting mechanism 1 according to the present invention is constructed as a vertically arranged 2-up 2-down drafting mechanism (single-zone drafting mechanism) with two lower rollers 7 and 9 and two upper rollers 8 and 10. Although the drafting roller pairs are arranged perpendicular to each other, an analogy can still be made here to a conventional drafting mechanism with a horizontal material flow direction of the fiber strip having upper and lower rollers, because the lower roller has a metal grooved surface, while the upper roller is covered with a plastic or rubber sleeve. Due to the different rotational speeds, the fiber strip FB is longitudinally drafted by the first and second drafting roller pairs and introduced into the second funnel 14. Furthermore, the first and second cylinders 11 a , 12 a can be seen, with which the upper rollers 8 , 10 are pressed at one end against the lower rollers 7 , 9 by means of the pistons of the cylinders 11 a , 12 a , counter to the x-direction.

[0036] The funnel 14 is designed as a spinning-in aid and has swirl nozzles along its inner opening, through which compressed air flows. This creates suction at the funnel opening, drawing the fiber sliver FB into the funnel and guiding it to the pair of exit metering rollers 15a and 15b. These exit metering rollers 15a and 15b are also designed to detect deviations in the sliver weight from a preset value. A fixed first exit metering roller 15a cooperates with a movably supported second exit metering roller 15b. Changes in the distance between these rollers and the fixed first exit metering roller 15a are converted into sliver weight deviation values by a sensor (not shown) (e.g., located in the carding machine control). These values are also transmitted to a control unit (e.g., the carding machine control unit), which compares them with the values of the entry metering roller pair 6a and 6b and displays them on a screen. The exit metering roller pair 15a and 15b can be configured as a smooth roller pair, a grooved / detection roller pair, or a stepped roller pair. Not further indicated, scraper-type roller cleaners can be arranged on both sides of the outlet measuring roller pair 15a, 15b to clean the surfaces of the measuring rollers. The pressure load on the movable outlet measuring roller 15a (not shown) can be relieved by lever 36b, thereby allowing it to move away from the stationary outlet measuring roller 15b. This makes maintenance and cleaning of the outlet measuring roller pair 15a, 15b and the coiler tube 40 arranged thereunder easier. Figures 5 to 7 , the lever 36b is shown in the locked position with respect to the movable outlet metering roller 15a, Figure 8 In the middle, it is shown in the release position for the movable outlet metering roller 15a.

[0037] After the outlet measuring roller pair 15a, 15b, the drawn sliver FB passes through a known coiling tube 40 which is twisted by a can turntable 41 and is coiled, for example in a cycloid shape, into a can (not shown). A sensor 17 is arranged between the outlet measuring roller pair 15a, 15b and the coiling tube 40, and the sensor is configured to monitor whether there is a possible sliver blockage at the inlet or opening of the coiling tube 40.

[0038] The signals of the inlet measuring roller pair 6a, 6b and the outlet measuring roller pair 15a, 15b can be processed in the control device of the carding machine K or the control device of the spinning preparation equipment. When the automatic doffing process proceeds smoothly, the control device can output a signal. Then, the two measuring roller pairs 6a, 6b; 15a, 15b will generate stable signals regarding the sliver grammage. If only the inlet measuring roller pair 6a, 6b shows a stable signal after automatic doffing, while the outlet measuring roller pair 15a, 15b has no signal or a significantly changed signal, it indicates that the sliver FB has broken.

[0039] Figure 4a and Figure 4b shows the arrangement of the drafting rollers 7, 8, 9, 10 in combination with the pressure bar 13 relative to each other. The drafting zone between the clamping points P1 and P2 is offset by an amount V in the opposite direction of the x-axis relative to the vertical direction. The value of V can be between 5 mm and 12 mm. In the first drafting roller pair 7, 8, the first upper roller 8 is arranged below the first lower roller 7 in the z-direction with an offset in the vertical direction. Similarly, the second upper roller 10 is also arranged below the second lower roller 9 in the z-direction with an offset in the vertical direction. Due to the offset amount V of the upper drafting rollers 7, 8 relative to the lower drafting rollers 9, 10, the pressure bar 13 is arranged between the first and second upper rollers 8, 10, so that the sliver FB is deflected to the second clamping point P2 through the pressure bar 13. The sliver FB can be deflected by an angle of ±30° relative to the vertical line through the pressure bar 13. Although the contact point or deflection point of the sliver FB on the pressure bar 13 is arranged vertically relative to the second clamping point P2, due to the incoming sliver speed, the sliver FB hits the surface of the second drafting roller pair 9, 10 at an angle of ±30° relative to the vertical line and is drawn into the second clamping point P2. This angle ensures that the sliver FB can be guided to or drawn into the second clamping point P2 regardless of the clamping line distances L1, L2 and the incoming sliver speed. In Figure 4a and Figure 4b this is presented by the fiber sliver guiding part shown in dashed lines. The pressure bar 13 is arranged at a fixed position and spaced apart from the first drafting roller pair 7, 8 and is formed by a rectangular or square base body, and its outer surface is provided with a convex contour. The convex contour can be configured as a semi-circle or an arc segment with a continuous radius. By means of the pressure bar 13, when processing short fibers, the clamping line distance can be increased from L1 of 35 mm ( Figure 4a ) to L2 of 75 mm ( Figure 4b)。The pressure bar 13 is inclined by an angle α in its longitudinal direction from the vertical direction towards the horizontal direction, and this angle can be between 40° and 60°, preferably between 50° and 55°. The center line of the pressure bar 13 can intersect the center point of the first upper roller 8 here. The convex surface of the pressure bar 13 contacts the fiber strand FB and guides the fibers, shown as inclined downward along the z direction. Preferably, the pressure bar 13 is arranged such that the fiber strand FB touches the upward and inclined side surface of the pressure bar 13 from the clamping point P1 between the first drafting roller pair 7, 8 and is preferably vertically guided to the second clamping point P2 through the convex surface of the pressure bar 13. Although the contact point or deflection point of the fiber strand FB on the pressure bar 13 is vertically arranged relative to the second clamping point P2, due to the speed of the incoming sliver, the fiber strand FB touches the surface of the second drafting roller pair 9, 10 at an angle of ±30° relative to the vertical line and is pulled into the second clamping point P2. The convex surface of the pressure bar 13 is thus tangent to the vertical line passing through the second clamping point P2 of the second drafting roller pair 9, 10. The pressure bar is arranged inclined at an angle α not far behind the first drafting roller pair 7, 8, which is beneficial for the automatic introduction of the fiber strand FB into the drafting mechanism 1. The convex surface of the pressure bar 13 is tangentially arranged with respect to the vertical line passing through the second clamping point P2 (the second clamping point is offset by a value V in the x direction relative to the first clamping point P1), which is beneficial for guiding short fibers, and these short fibers can be drafted within the range of the clamping line distance L1 = from 35 to L2 = 75 mm (inclusive).

[0040] The textile technical improvements are particularly reflected in the recycled fiber mixture with a high proportion of short fibers. Due to the guidance of the pressure bar on the fibers, these improvements are measurable up to the yarn stage. The yarn strength is increased by up to 8%, while the IPI value (total IPI) is reduced by 10% to 20%.

[0041] Since the first drafting rollers 7, 8 and the pressure bar 13 are jointly supported on the upper drive housing 4a / inside it, and this drive housing is separated from the lower drive housing 4b of the second drafting rollers 9, 10, the clamping line distances L1, L2 can be changed using a simple adjustment device without decoupling and disassembling the drafting rollers 7, 8 from the drive. Here, the distance between the pressure bar 13 and the first drafting rollers 7, 8 remains unchanged.

[0042] Figure 5The drafting mechanism 1 without the cover 2 is shown in a perspective view. A first drive 21 is arranged on the upper drive housing 4a, which drives the inlet measuring roller pair 6a, 6b and the first lower roller 7. Here, the pivotable arrangement of the first funnel 5 in the z direction can also be seen. An upper support 22a is also arranged on the upper drive housing 4a, on which an upper mating bearing 19a with a first cylinder 11b is arranged orthogonally. The upper mating bearing 19a and the first cylinder 11b are configured to lock the support state of the first end of the first upper roller 8 in the upper bearing block 18a. The second end of the first upper roller 8 is supported within the upper drive housing 4a. The upper bearing block 18a is located slightly obscured behind the upper mating bearing 19a, and this bearing block supports the first end of the first lower roller 7 and the first upper roller 8. Here, the second end of the first lower roller 7 is also supported within the upper drive housing 4a. The first lower roller 7 is supported in a position-fixed manner on / in the upper drive housing 4a by means of its second end position. The other first end of the first lower roller 7 is also supported in a position-fixed manner on the upper bearing block 18a. The upper bearing block 18a extends parallel to the upper drive housing 4a and is connected thereto by the upper mating bearing 19a. The first upper roller 8 is supported in such a way that it can move towards the first lower roller 7 in the x direction, which will be elaborated in detail in Figure 7 is described in detail.

[0043] Not shown is the lower bearing block 18b, which is also arranged parallel to the lower drive housing 4b and is connected thereto by means of the lower support 22b. On the lower bearing block 18, the second lower roller 9 and the second upper roller 10 are respectively supported in a position-fixed and movable manner (movable in the x direction towards the second lower roller 9) by means of their first end positions. The second lower roller 9 and the second upper roller 10 are respectively supported in a position-fixed and movable manner (movable in the x direction towards the second lower roller 9) in the lower drive housing 4b by means of their second end positions. A second cylinder 12b is arranged on the lower mating bearing 19b. The lower mating bearing 19b and the second cylinder 12b are configured to lock the support of the first end of the second upper roller 10 in the lower bearing block 18b.

[0044] The lower drive housing 4b houses the second lower roller 9, the second upper roller 10, and the outlet measuring roller pair 15a, 15b and the second funnel 14 arranged above it. The second funnel 14 is arranged pivotably in the horizontal direction on a rotary bearing 14b by means of a lever 14a. Compressed air supply is realized through the lever 14a, thereby generating a suction effect through a swirl nozzle (not shown). The pivotability of the second funnel 14 improves the cleaning of the drafting mechanism 1.

[0045] On the lower drive housing 4b, a lower support member 22b is also arranged. On this support member, a lower bearing housing 18b (shown obscured) for the second upper and lower rollers 9, 10 and a lower mating bearing 19b for the second upper roller 10 are arranged. By the mutual separation of the drive housings 4a, 4b and the arrangement and support structure of the separation of the first and second drafting roller pairs 7, 8; 9, 10, the distance of the upper drive housing 4a relative to the lower drive housing 4b can be adjusted by means of an obscured adjusting element 23. For this purpose, the upper drive housing 4a is fastened to a laterally vertical guide so that it can be displaced in the vertical direction (z-axis direction). By using this displacement, the nip line distances L1, L2 between the drafting roller pairs can be adjusted, so that when the fiber quality changes, the drafting mechanism 1 can be adjusted with only a few operations. A side guide 24 with, for example, an integrated dovetail groove or a linear guide corresponds to the outer surface of the upper drive housing 4a. For example, the adjusting element 23 can be configured as a threaded spindle or an electric drive.

[0046] The first and second lower rollers 7, 9 are fixedly and rotatably supported in the upper or lower drive housings 4a, 4b in their respective second end positions. The drive elements act here on the back of the drive housings 4a, 4b, which will be explained with the help of Figure 8 The respective first end positions of the first and second lower rollers 7, 9 are fixedly and rotatably supported in bearing housings 18a, 18b, which are in turn fastened to the associated support members 22a, 22b. The first and second upper rollers 8, 10 are likewise movably and rotatably supported in the upper or lower drive housings 4a, 4b in their respective second ends in the x-direction. The first ends of the first and second upper rollers 8, 10 are likewise movably and rotatably supported in the bearing housings 18a, 18b in the x-direction. The first and second upper rollers 8, 10 are each provided with a mating bearing 19a, 19b with an integrated cylinder 11b, 12b, wherein the mating bearings 19a, 19b are in turn arranged and fastened to the support members 22a, 22b. The pistons of the cylinders 11b, 12b act in the x-direction, i.e., in the opposite force direction to the cylinder pistons 11a, 12a in Figure 3 Each mating bearing 19a, 19b has a rocker arm 20a, 20b, and the piston rods of the respective cylinders 11b, 12b press on the first ends of the respective rocker arms. Through the rocker arms 20a, 20b, on the one hand, the upper rollers 8, 10 are fixed in the bearing housings 18a, 18b, and at the same time the load pressure between the drafting roller pairs 7, 8; 9, 10 can be adjusted. Figure 5The shown rocker arms 20a, 20b are in a position where no load pressure is applied to the upper rollers 8, 10, and the upper rollers can be removed from the bearings. The reverse arrangement of the cylinders 11b, 12b and the cylinders 11a, 12a in the longitudinal direction leaves a free space at the front side of the drafting mechanism 1, through which it is convenient to assemble / dismantle the upper rollers 8, 10 and to clean and eliminate sliver jams or sliver breaks.

[0047] As known in the prior art, the lower rollers 7, 9 are driven. The upper rollers 8, 10 are directly driven by the cylinders 11a, 12a at the second ends, and are pressed against the lower rollers 7, 9 indirectly by means of the rocker arms 20a, 20b at their respective first ends and are driven by frictional force. Therefore, the rocker arms 20a, 20b deflect the force direction of the cylinders 11b, 12b by 180° from the x-direction to the opposite direction of the x-direction. The lower rollers 7, 9 have a conventional metal grooved surface, while the upper rollers 8, 10 have rubber or plastic sleeves.

[0048] Figure 6 The released upper rollers 8, 10 are shown in a top view, where only the first upper roller 8 and its upper components are fully visible. The lower rollers and the upper rollers 7, 9; 8, 10 are consistent with the prior art. The upper roller 8 shown here has a roll core made of steel, on which an elastic roll sleeve 8.1 (for example, made of rubber or plastic) is arranged. The two roll necks 8.2, 8.3 accommodate the upper roller 8 on both sides in the bearing guides 25a. The pressure required for drafting is applied to the roll bearings 8.4, 8.5 on both sides by the cylinders 11a, 11b, and the roll bearings are arranged between the roll necks 8.2, 8.3 and the roll sleeve 8.1. To reduce the wear of the roll sleeve 8.1, the upper rollers 8, 10 are constructed asymmetrically, whereby the roll sleeve 8.1 extends beyond the mating surface of the lower rollers 7, 9. Therefore, when the first working surface for drafting the fiber sliver FB is worn, the upper rollers 8, 10 can be installed by rotating 180°. The second upper roller 10 has the same structure, although this is not shown in the figure. According to the present invention, the cylinder 11a applies pressure to the second roll bearing 8.5, while the pressure on the first roll bearing 8.4 is applied by the rocker arm 20a, which deflects the force of the cylinder 11b by 180°.

[0049] Orthogonally arranged on the upper support member 22a are the upper bearing housing 18a and the upper mating bearing 19a. Also visible is the first lower roll 7 and the second lower roll 9 arranged below it with an offset V in the reverse x direction. Visible within the upper mating bearing 19a is the cylinder 11b acting in the x direction in the retracted position, whereby the rocker arm 20a is in the unloaded position. Occluded is the cylinder 11a acting on the second roll bearing 8.5 of the upper roll 8 in the reverse x direction. In this position, this cylinder 11a is also retracted so that the upper roll can be pushed out of the bearing guide in the x direction. The situation described here also applies to the other occluded components 12a, 12b, 18b, 19b, 20b, 22b. The first and second upper rolls 8, 10 have been moved in the x direction in the not-shown bearing guides 25a, 25b in the upper and lower drive housings 4a, 4b, and thus are spaced apart from the lower rolls 7, 9 by a distance.

[0050] Figure 7 In the perspective view, the removed upper rolls 8, 10 are visible. In the upper and lower drive housings 4a, 4b, visible are the bearing guides 25a, 25b arranged horizontally (x direction) respectively for the second end portions of the upper rolls 8, 10. The roll necks at the second end portions of the upper rolls 8, 10 are inserted into these bearing guides 25a, 25b. The roll necks at the first end portions of the upper rolls 8, 10 are also arranged in the same way and are inserted into the not-shown bearing guides on the corresponding bearing housings 18a, 18b. The cylinders ......

[0051] Figure 8 Shows the back of the drafting device with a drive design according to the invention. The upper drive housing 4a is completely separated from the lower drive housing 4b and can be moved along the guide plate 24 by means of not-shown adjusting elements 23, so that the clamping line distances L1, L2 can be adjusted without separately adjusting the drafting rolls 7, 8, 9, 10. The upper drive housing 4a and the lower drive housing 4b each have separate and non-interfering drives that are not affected by the adjustment of the clamping line distance. Since all drive components are arranged on the back of the drafting device, the front side can be freely accessed, providing sufficient space for maintenance or cleaning. Therefore, there is no need to disassemble or adjust the drive components. In addition, due to the bearing design of the upper rolls 7, 9 (where the front cylinders 11b, 12b and the rear cylinders 11a, 12b are arranged in the reverse direction), the disassembly of the upper rolls 7, 9 becomes easier. If the upper rolls 7, 9 are disassembled, a spacious free space is formed on the remaining drafting mechanism components for maintenance and cleaning. It should be noted that there seems to be some incomplete information in the middle part of the translation of . You can check and supplement it according to the complete original text.

[0052] The upper drive housing 4a has a first drive 21, by means of which the adjustable second inlet measuring roller 6b and the first lower roller 7 are driven by a first belt 26. Here, the second belt 28 is driven by the driven second inlet measuring roller 6b to drive the first inlet measuring roller 6a and is deflected by a deflector wheel 29. The driving directions of the first and second inlet measuring rollers 6a, 6b are opposite here, so that the sliver FB is transported vertically downwards through the inlet measuring rollers 6a, 6b. A sensor 27 is arranged on the fixedly arranged inlet measuring roller 6b, which is configured to determine the roundness run of the roller 6b and to compensate for possible non-round runs by measurement technology. Thereby, the measurement accuracy of the determined sliver grammage deviation is controlled. The sensor 27 can be configured, for example, as a moving coil sensor or a piezoelectric element. The first upper roller 8 is frictionally driven by pressing the roller sleeve 8.1 against the first lower roller 7 by the pressure of the cylinders 11a, 11b on the roller bearings 8.4, 8.5 of the roller. Separating the drive into an upper drive housing 4a (with the first drafting roller pair 7, 8) and a lower drive housing 4b (with the second drafting roller pair 9, 10) enables the adjustability of the nip distances L1, L2, wherein the rotational speeds of the lower rollers 7, 9 and the load pressures of the upper rollers 8, 10 in the drafting roller pairs can be controlled individually at the same time. At the same time, the driven measuring rollers 6b, 15b are decoupled from each other in terms of drive technology, so that cross belts are not required.

[0053] The lower drive housing 4b likewise has its own second drive 30, which is simultaneously used to drive the bobbin turntable 41. A first belt 31 drives the second lower roller 9 and the fixed outlet measuring roller 15a. By means of a second belt 32, the fixed outlet measuring roller 15a drives the adjustable outlet measuring roller 15b. The second belt 32 is deflected by a deflector wheel 34, so that the two outlet measuring rollers 15a, 15b are driven in opposite directions, and the sliver FB is passed through between them and transported into the coiler tube 40. The tensioning element 35 ensures the necessary belt tension. A third belt 33 is driven by the second drive 30, and this third belt rotates the bobbin turntable 41.

[0054] List of reference numerals

[0055] 1 Drafting mechanism

[0056] 2 Cover

[0057] 2a, 2b Flap

[0058] 3 Cover plate

[0059] 3a Opening

[0060] 4a, 4b Drive housing

[0061] 5 First funnel

[0062] 6, 6a, 6b Inlet measuring roller pair

[0063] 7 First lower roller

[0064] 8 First upper roller

[0065] 8.1 Roll sleeve

[0066] 8.2, 8.3 Roll neck

[0067] 8.4, 8.5 Roll bearings

[0068] 9 Second lower roller

[0069] 10 Second upper roller

[0070] 11a, 11b First cylinder

[0071] 12a, 12b Second cylinder

[0072] 13 Pressure bar

[0073] 14 Second funnel

[0074] 14a Lever

[0075] 14b Rotary bearing

[0076] 15a, 15b Outlet measuring roll pair

[0077] 16 Scraper

[0078] 17 Sensor

[0079] 18a, 18b Bearing housing

[0080] 19a, 19b Fitted bearings

[0081] 20a, 20b Rocker arm

[0082] 21 First driver

[0083] 22a, 22b Support

[0084] 23 Adjusting element

[0085] 24 Guide plate

[0086] 25a, 25b Bearing guide

[0087] 26 First belt

[0088] 27 Sensor

[0089] 28 Second belt

[0090] 29 Deflector roll

[0091] 30 Second driver

[0092] 31 First belt

[0093] 32 Second belt

[0094] 33 Third belt

[0095] 34 Deflecting pulley

[0096] 35 Tensioning element

[0097] 36a, 36b Levers

[0098] 37 Tube

[0099] 40 Coiler tube

[0100] 41 Bobbin turntable

[0101] A Storage area

[0102] FB Sliver

[0103] K Carding machine

[0104] L1, L2 Clamping line distance

[0105] P1, P2 Clamping points

[0106] R Deflecting pulley

[0107] S Storage

[0108] V Offset

[0109] W Bobbin changer

[0110] x, y, z directions

[0111] α Pressure bar angle

Claims

1. A drafting mechanism for drafting the carded sliver before winding it into a can, wherein, The drafting mechanism (1) is arranged on the upper side of a creel changer (W) associated with a carding machine (K). The drafting mechanism has a vertically arranged 2-up-2-down drafting mechanism, which has an upper first drafting roller pair (7, 8) configured to form a first clamping point (P1), and also has a lower second drafting roller pair (9, 10) configured to form a second clamping point (P2). Wherein, the second drafting roller pair (9, 10) is arranged with its second clamping point (P2) horizontally offset by an offset (V) relative to the first clamping point (P1), and a pressure bar (13) is arranged below the first drafting roller pair (7, 8) such that the sliver (FB) is guided from the convex surface of the pressure bar (13) to the second clamping point, wherein the contact point or deflection point of the sliver (FB) on the pressure bar (13) is vertically arranged relative to the second clamping point (P2).

2. The drafting mechanism according to claim 1, wherein Each drafting roller pair includes a lower roller (7, 9) and an upper roller (8, 10), and the pressure bar (13) is arranged between the first and second upper rollers (8, 10).

3. The drafting mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure bar (13) is inclined at an angle (α) of 40° to 60°, preferably 50° to 55°, from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction in its longitudinal direction.

4. The drafting mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The center line or symmetry line constructed along the longitudinal direction of the pressure bar (13) intersects the center point of the first upper roller (8).

5. The drafting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper rollers (8, 10) are arranged offset in the vertical direction relative to the lower rollers (7, 9).

6. The drafting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal offset (V) between the first clamping point (P1) and the second clamping point (P2) is 5 mm to 12 mm.

7. The drafting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, There is a clamping line distance that can vary between (L1) 35 mm and (L2) 75 mm between the clamping points (P1, P2).

8. The drafting mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper first drafting roller pair (7, 8) and the lower second drafting roller pair (9, 10) are respectively supported in separate drive housings (4a, 4b), and the distance between them is adjustable.

9. The drafting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that The pressure bar (13) is arranged in a position-fixed manner relative to the first upper roller (8).

10. The drafting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure bar (13) has a rectangular or square base, and the base has a convex profile on its outer surface.

11. The drafting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drafting mechanism (1) is configured as a controlled single-zone drafting mechanism.

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