A double-layer pressure-resistant sealing structure for a submersible observation window

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of submersibles and discloses a double-layer pressure-resistant sealing structure for a submersible observation window, comprising a submersible window, wherein an inner layer of explosion-proof glass and an outer layer of explosion-proof glass are sealed and installed in the submersible window, a pressure reduction chamber is provided between the inner layer of explosion-proof glass and the outer layer of explosion-proof glass, a one-way water inlet channel and a one-way water outlet channel are provided in the submersible window around the outer layer of explosion-proof glass, the inlet of the one-way water inlet channel and the outlet of the one-way water outlet channel are both connected to the outside of the outer layer of explosion-proof glass, the outlet of the one-way water inlet channel and the inlet of the one-way water outlet channel are both connected to the pressure reduction chamber, and a regulating valve assembly is installed on the one-way water inlet channel for controlling the pressure inside the pressure reduction chamber through the regulating valve assembly in the deep sea, so that the pressure outside the submersible window, the pressure reduction chamber, and the inner side of the submersible window are successively reduced. The present invention facilitates the control of the overall sealing performance and improves the pressure resistance of the submersible window by reducing the pressure difference.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of submersibles, and in particular relates to a double-layer pressure-resistant sealing structure of a submersible observation window. Background Art

[0002] Submersibles, as crucial underwater tools, play an irreplaceable role in modern ocean exploration and development. Whether in deep-sea scientific research, marine resource exploration, or underwater engineering operations, submersibles play a crucial role. However, unlike conventional ocean transport vessels, the operating environment and mission nature of submersibles place extremely stringent demands on their portholes. Existing portholes are mostly suitable for above-sea transport operations and are difficult to meet the specialized needs of submersibles. Therefore, technological improvements are urgently needed.

[0003] The operating principles and specialized capabilities of submersibles place high demands on their portholes. Submersibles often operate for extended periods in deep-sea environments, reaching depths far beyond the operational range of ordinary ships. Therefore, sealing is a crucial characteristic of submersible portholes. While operating underwater, submersibles must completely isolate the seawater from the interior environment to ensure the safety of personnel and the proper functioning of equipment. Furthermore, as diving depth increases, water pressure increases exponentially, placing increasing pressure on the portholes. Therefore, portholes must possess exceptional pressure resistance to ensure safe and stable operation in the high-pressure conditions of the deep sea. If a porthole ruptures due to insufficient pressure resistance, seawater will instantly flood into the submersible, endangering the lives of those inside and causing irreparable damage to expensive equipment.

[0004] In order to meet the high requirements of submersibles for porthole devices, technical improvements are imperative. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a double-layer pressure-resistant sealing structure for a submersible observation window to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A double-layer pressure-resistant sealing structure of a submersible observation window includes a submersible window, an inner layer of explosion-proof glass and an outer layer of explosion-proof glass are sealed and installed in the submersible window, a pressure reduction chamber is arranged between the inner layer of explosion-proof glass and the outer layer of explosion-proof glass, a one-way water inlet channel and a one-way water outlet channel are arranged in the submersible window around the outer layer of explosion-proof glass, the inlet of the one-way water inlet channel and the outlet of the one-way water outlet channel are both connected to the outside of the outer layer of explosion-proof glass, the outlet of the one-way water inlet channel and the inlet of the one-way water outlet channel are both connected to the pressure reduction chamber, and a regulating valve assembly is installed on the one-way water inlet channel to control the pressure inside the pressure reduction chamber through the regulating valve assembly in the deep sea, so that the pressure outside the submersible window, the pressure reduction chamber and the inside of the submersible window become smaller in sequence.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution in the present invention, the regulating valve assembly includes a first valve body fixed in the window of the submersible, the inlet and outlet of the first valve body are both connected to the one-way water inlet channel, and the first valve body is provided with an inner cavity separation hole whose central axis is perpendicular to the one-way water inlet channel. The inner cavity separation hole divides the interior of the first valve body into a water inlet chamber and a water outlet chamber. One side of the inner cavity separation hole is blocked with a valve core located in the water outlet chamber, and the side of the valve core away from the inner cavity separation hole is elastically connected to the inner wall of the first valve body.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution in the present invention, a valve cap is provided on one side of the first valve body, the inner top surface of the valve cap is connected to one side of the valve core through a telescopic rod, and a compression spring is connected to the outer sleeve of the telescopic rod to push the valve core toward the inner cavity partition hole.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution in the present invention, one end of the telescopic rod is connected to a limit plate, one end of the compression spring is in contact with one side of the limit plate, and the other side of the limit plate is connected to a sealing slide rod that slides through to the outside of the valve cap, a sealing ring is provided between the sealing slide rod and the valve cap, and one end of the sealing slide rod extending to the valve cap is connected to a spring force adjustment mechanism for controlling the position of the limit plate in the valve cap through the spring force adjustment mechanism, thereby adjusting the pressing force of the compression spring on the valve core.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution in the present invention, the spring force adjustment mechanism includes a driving motor and a screw threadedly connected to the sealing slide rod, the screw is rotatably connected to the submersible window, a passive bevel gear is installed on the screw, and an active connecting gear is installed on the motor shaft of the driving motor, and the active connecting gear is meshed with the passive bevel gear.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution in the present invention, a water inlet one-way valve is installed at the entrance of the one-way water inlet channel, and the water inlet one-way valve includes a second valve body, and a first filter screen is provided at the inlet of the second valve body. A first conical water inlet channel with an inner diameter gradually increasing along the water flow direction is provided on the inside of the first filter screen, and a first blocking ball elastically sealed in the first conical water inlet channel is provided in the second valve body.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution in the present invention, the channel inside the one-way water inlet channel includes a first filter channel, a first conical water inlet channel, a first circular water flow channel and a first conical closing channel which are connected in sequence along the water flow direction. The first filter screen is arranged in the first filter channel, the outlet of the first conical closing channel is connected to the inlet of the one-way water inlet channel, the inner diameter of the first conical closing channel gradually decreases along the water flow direction, a first porous plate is installed at the outlet of the first circular water flow channel, a first spring is connected between the first porous plate and the first sealing ball, a first limiting ring is arranged in the middle of the first porous plate, and one end of the first spring is arranged in the first limiting ring.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution in the present invention, a water outlet one-way valve is installed at the outlet of the one-way water outlet channel, and the water outlet one-way valve includes a third valve body, a second filter screen is provided at the outlet of the third valve body, and a second conical water inlet channel with an inner diameter gradually increasing along the water flow direction is provided at the water inlet of the third valve body, and a second blocking ball elastically sealed in the second conical water inlet channel is provided in the third valve body.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution in the present invention, the channel inside the one-way water outlet channel includes a second conical water inlet channel, a second circular water inlet channel, a second conical closing channel and a second filter channel which are connected in sequence along the water flow direction. The second filter screen is arranged in the second filter channel. The inlet of the second conical water inlet channel is connected to the outlet of the one-way water outlet channel. The inner diameter of the second conical closing channel gradually decreases along the water flow direction. A second porous plate is installed at the outlet of the second circular water inlet channel. A second spring is connected between the second porous plate and the second sealing ball. A second limiting ring is provided in the middle of the second porous plate, and one end of the second spring is provided in the second limiting ring.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution in the present invention, sealing rings are provided between the submersible window and the inner layer of explosion-proof glass and the outer layer of explosion-proof glass; the middle part of the outer side surface of the outer layer of explosion-proof glass is a spherical convex surface convex outward, and an annular groove is provided on the submersible window around the spherical convex surface. The inner diameter of the annular groove is a conical structure that gradually decreases from the outside to the inside, and the inlet of the one-way water inlet channel and the outlet of the one-way water outlet channel are both perpendicular to the inner wall of the annular groove.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The present invention directly fixes the inner layer of explosion-proof glass and the outer layer of explosion-proof glass to the submersible window, which is convenient for controlling the overall sealing, and then reserves a closed pressure reduction chamber between the inner layer of explosion-proof glass and the outer layer of explosion-proof glass, and uses a one-way water inlet channel and a one-way water outlet channel to connect the pressure reduction chamber and the outside. When the external pressure is relatively large, the external seawater can enter the pressure reduction chamber from the one-way water inlet channel, so that the pressure in the pressure reduction chamber becomes larger, and then the pressure outside the submersible window, the pressure reduction chamber and the inside of the submersible window are successively reduced, avoiding too large a pressure difference on both sides of a glass, and improving the pressure resistance of the submersible window by reducing the pressure difference. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of part A;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of part B;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of part C.

[0022] In the figure: 1-submersible window; 101-decompression chamber; 102-one-way water inlet channel; 103-one-way water outlet channel; 2-inner explosion-proof glass; 3-outer explosion-proof glass; 4-regulating valve assembly; 401-first valve body; 402-inner cavity separation hole; 403-valve core; 404-valve cap; 405-telescopic rod; 406-compression spring; 407-limiting plate; 408-sealing slide rod; 409-driving motor; 410-screw; 411- Moving bevel gear; 412-active connecting gear; 5-water inlet check valve; 501-second valve body; 502-first filter screen; 503-first blocking ball; 504-first porous plate; 505-first spring; 506-first limiting ring; 6-water outlet check valve; 601-third valve body; 602-second filter screen; 603-second blocking ball; 604-second porous plate; 605-second spring; 606-second limiting ring; 7-sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the present invention will be briefly introduced below in conjunction with the drawings and the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following description of the structure of the drawings is only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0024] Example:

[0025] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a double-layer pressure-resistant sealing structure of a submarine observation window, including a submarine window 1, an inner layer of explosion-proof glass 2 and an outer layer of explosion-proof glass 3 are sealed and installed in the submarine window 1 to ensure sealing, the inner layer of explosion-proof glass 2 is arranged close to the inside, and the outer layer of explosion-proof glass 3 is arranged close to the outside, a decompression chamber 101 is arranged between the inner layer of explosion-proof glass 2 and the outer layer of explosion-proof glass 3, and the decompression chamber 101 is a closed chamber, and a one-way water inlet channel 102 and a one-way water outlet channel 103 are arranged in the submarine window 1 around the outer layer of explosion-proof glass 3, the inlet of the one-way water inlet channel 102 and the outlet of the one-way water outlet channel 103 are both connected to the outside of the outer layer of explosion-proof glass 3, and the outlet of the one-way water inlet channel 102 and the inlet of the one-way water outlet channel 103 are both connected to the decompression chamber 101, so that seawater outside the submarine can enter the decompression chamber 101 from the one-way water inlet channel 102. 1 can also flow out from the one-way water outlet channel 103. A regulating valve assembly 4 is installed on the one-way water inlet channel 102, thereby increasing the pressure in the depressurization chamber 101. The regulating valve assembly 4 is used to control the pressure inside the depressurization chamber 101 in the deep sea, so that the pressure outside the submersible window 1, the depressurization chamber 101 and the inside of the submersible window 1 become smaller in turn, thereby avoiding too large a pressure difference on both sides of a glass. The pressure resistance of the submersible window 1 is improved by reducing the pressure difference. When the submersible rises, making the pressure inside the depressurization chamber 101 greater than that outside, the seawater in the depressurization chamber 101 can also flow out from the one-way water outlet channel 103. It should be noted that the one-way water outlet channel 103 is preferably arranged at the lower end to facilitate the complete emptying of the seawater in the depressurization chamber 101, and to avoid the seawater from staying in the depressurization chamber 101 for a long time when the submersible is not in use, causing equipment erosion problems.

[0026] The present invention directly fixes the inner layer explosion-proof glass 2 and the outer layer explosion-proof glass 3 to the submersible window 1, which is convenient for controlling the overall sealing. Then, a sealed decompression chamber 101 is reserved between the inner layer explosion-proof glass 2 and the outer layer explosion-proof glass 3, and a one-way water inlet channel 102 and a one-way water outlet channel 103 are used to connect the decompression chamber 101 and the outside. When the external pressure is relatively large, the external seawater can enter the decompression chamber 101 from the one-way water inlet channel 102, so that the pressure in the decompression chamber 101 becomes larger, and then the pressure outside the submersible window 1, the decompression chamber 101 and the inside of the submersible window 1 are successively reduced, thereby avoiding too large a pressure difference on both sides of a glass, and improving the pressure resistance of the submersible window 1 by reducing the pressure difference.

[0027] As a preferred implementation scheme in this embodiment, it needs to be further explained that the regulating valve assembly 4 includes a first valve body 401 fixed in the submersible window 1, the inlet and outlet of the first valve body 401 are connected to the one-way water inlet channel 102 to ensure that seawater can flow, and the first valve body 401 is provided with an inner cavity separation hole 402 whose central axis is perpendicular to the one-way water inlet channel 102, and the inner cavity separation hole 402 divides the interior of the first valve body 401 into an inlet cavity and an outlet cavity, and one side of the inner cavity separation hole 402 is blocked with a hole located in the outlet cavity. The valve core 403 is used to open and close the first valve body 401. The side of the valve core 403 away from the inner cavity separation hole 402 is elastically connected to the inner wall of the first valve body 401, so that the valve core 403 is subjected to a certain elastic force. When the external pressure reaches a certain level, the valve core 403 can be pushed to operate, and then the water inlet chamber and the water outlet chamber are connected, so that the external seawater can enter the pressure reduction chamber 101. When the pressure difference between the water inlet chamber and the water outlet chamber is less than the elastic force exerted on the valve core 403, the valve core 403 cannot be opened.

[0028] As a preferred implementation scheme in this embodiment, it needs to be further explained that a valve cap 404 is provided on one side of the first valve body 401, and the inner top surface of the valve cap 404 is connected to one side of the valve core 403 through a telescopic rod 405. As the valve core 403 moves, the telescopic rod 405 can be telescoped and adjusted without affecting the movement of the valve core 403. The telescopic rod 405 is outer-connected with a compression spring 406 that pushes the valve core 403 toward the inner cavity separation hole 402, so that the valve core 403 is given an elastic pressing force by the compression spring 406, thereby forming a pressure difference between the outside and the pressure reduction chamber 101.

[0029] As a preferred implementation scheme in this embodiment, it needs to be further explained that one end of the telescopic rod 405 is connected to the limit plate 407, one end of the compression spring 406 is in contact with one side of the limit plate 407, and the other side of the limit plate 407 is connected to a sealing slide rod 408 that slides through to the outside of the valve cap 404. A sealing ring is provided between the sealing slide rod 408 and the valve cap 404 to ensure sealing. One end of the sealing slide rod 408 extending to the valve cap 404 is connected to a spring force adjustment mechanism for controlling the position of the limit plate 407 in the valve cap 404 through the spring force adjustment mechanism, thereby adjusting the pressing force of the compression spring 406 on the valve core 403, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the elastic force of the compression spring 406 according to the depth of the submersible diving into the ocean, thereby making the pressure changes on the outside of the submersible window 1, the pressure reduction chamber 101 and the inside of the submersible window 1 more uniform, thereby improving the pressure resistance effect.

[0030] As a preferred implementation scheme in this embodiment, it needs to be further explained that the spring force adjustment mechanism includes a drive motor 409 and a screw 410 threadedly connected to the sealing slide 408. The screw 410 is rotatably connected to the submersible window 1. A passive bevel gear 411 is installed on the screw 410. An active connecting gear 412 is installed on the motor shaft of the drive motor 409. The active connecting gear 412 is meshed and connected with the passive bevel gear 411. In practice, the drive motor 409 can control the rotation of the active connecting gear 412, the active connecting gear 412 drives the passive bevel gear 411 to rotate, the passive bevel gear 411 drives the screw 410 to rotate, and the screw 410 drives the sealing slide 408 to move, and then presses the compression spring 406 through the limit plate 407 to realize the elastic force adjustment of the compression spring 406.

[0031] As a preferred implementation scheme in this embodiment, it needs to be further explained that a water inlet check valve 5 is installed at the entrance of the one-way water inlet channel 102 to ensure that only water can enter the one-way water inlet channel 102. The water inlet check valve 5 includes a second valve body 501. A first filter screen 502 is provided at the inlet of the second valve body 501, which can filter the seawater entering the one-way water inlet channel 102 to ensure the observation effect when the seawater enters the pressure reduction chamber 101. A first conical water inlet channel with an inner diameter gradually increasing along the water flow direction is provided on the inner side of the first filter screen 502, and a first blocking ball 503 elastically sealed in the first conical water inlet channel is provided in the second valve body 501, so that seawater can enter the one-way water inlet channel 102 when the external pressure is greater than the internal pressure.

[0032] As a preferred implementation scheme in this embodiment, it needs to be further explained that the channel inside the one-way water inlet channel 102 includes a first filter channel, a first conical water inlet channel, a first circular water flow channel and a first conical closing channel which are connected in sequence along the water flow direction. The diameter of the first blocking ball 503 is smaller than the first circular water flow channel. The first filter mesh 502 is arranged in the first filter channel. The outlet of the first conical closing channel is connected to the inlet of the one-way water inlet channel 102. The inner diameter of the first conical closing channel gradually decreases along the water flow direction. A first porous plate 504 is installed at the outlet of the first circular water flow channel. A first spring 505 is connected between the first porous plate 504 and the first blocking ball 503 to ensure the stable elasticity of the first blocking ball 503 arranged in the second valve body 501. A first limiting ring 506 is arranged in the middle of the first porous plate 504. One end of the first spring 505 is arranged in the first limiting ring 506 to ensure the stability of the first spring 505.

[0033] As a preferred implementation scheme in this embodiment, it needs to be further explained that a water outlet one-way valve 6 is installed at the outlet of the one-way water outlet channel 103 to ensure that the one-way water outlet channel 103 can only discharge water. The water outlet one-way valve 6 includes a third valve body 601. A second filter screen 602 is provided at the outlet of the third valve body 601 to prevent larger particles from entering the one-way water outlet channel 103. A second conical water inlet channel with an inner diameter gradually increasing along the direction of water flow is provided at the water inlet of the third valve body 601. A second blocking ball 603 elastically sealed in the second conical water inlet channel is provided in the third valve body 601 so that seawater can flow out when the pressure in the pressure reducing chamber 101 is greater than that outside.

[0034] As a preferred implementation scheme in this embodiment, it needs to be further explained that the channel inside the one-way water outlet channel 103 includes a second conical water inlet channel, a second circular water inlet channel, a second conical closing channel and a second filter channel which are connected in sequence along the water flow direction. The diameter of the second sealing ball 603 is smaller than the second circular water inlet channel. The second filter screen 602 is arranged in the second filter channel. The inlet of the second conical water inlet channel is connected to the outlet of the one-way water outlet channel 103. The inner diameter of the second conical closing channel gradually decreases along the water flow direction. A second porous plate 604 is installed at the outlet of the second circular water inlet channel. A second spring 605 is connected between the second porous plate 604 and the second sealing ball 603 to ensure the stable elasticity of the second sealing ball 603 arranged in the third valve body 601. A second limiting ring 606 is arranged in the middle of the second porous plate 604. One end of the second spring 605 is arranged in the second limiting ring 606 to ensure the stability of the second spring 605.

[0035] As a preferred implementation scheme in this embodiment, it needs to be further explained that a sealing ring 7 is provided between the submersible window 1 and the inner layer explosion-proof glass 2 and the outer layer explosion-proof glass 3 to improve the sealing performance; the middle part of the outer side surface of the outer layer explosion-proof glass 3 is a spherical convex surface convex outward, which increases the observation area, and an annular groove is provided on the submersible window 1 around the spherical convex surface. The inner diameter of the annular groove is a conical structure that gradually decreases from the outside to the inside. The inlet of the one-way water inlet channel 102 and the outlet of the one-way water outlet channel 103 are both perpendicular to the inner wall of the annular groove, thereby maximally avoiding foreign objects blocking the inlet of the one-way water inlet channel 102 and the outlet of the one-way water outlet channel 103.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-layer pressure-resistant sealing structure for a submersible observation window, characterized in that: The invention comprises a submersible window (1), wherein an inner layer explosion-proof glass (2) and an outer layer explosion-proof glass (3) are sealed and installed in the submersible window (1), a pressure reduction chamber (101) is provided between the inner layer explosion-proof glass (2) and the outer layer explosion-proof glass (3), a one-way water inlet channel (102) and a one-way water outlet channel (103) are provided in the submersible window (1) around the outer layer explosion-proof glass (3), the inlet of the one-way water inlet channel (102) and the outlet of the one-way water outlet channel (103) are both connected to the outside of the outer layer explosion-proof glass (3), the outlet of the one-way water inlet channel (102) and the inlet of the one-way water outlet channel (103) are both connected to the pressure reduction chamber (101), and a regulating valve assembly is installed on the one-way water inlet channel (102). (4), used for controlling the pressure inside the decompression chamber (101) in the deep sea through the regulating valve assembly (4), so that the pressure outside the submersible window (1), the decompression chamber (101) and the inside of the submersible window (1) are successively reduced; the regulating valve assembly (4) comprises a first valve body (401) fixed in the submersible window (1), the inlet and outlet of the first valve body (401) are both connected to the one-way water inlet channel (102), the first valve body (401) is provided with an inner cavity separation hole (402) whose central axis is perpendicular to the one-way water inlet channel (102), the inner cavity separation hole (402) divides the inside of the first valve body (401) into a water inlet chamber and a water outlet chamber, and one side of the inner cavity separation hole (402) is sealed. A valve core (403) is provided in the water outlet cavity, and the side of the valve core (403) away from the inner cavity partition hole (402) is elastically connected to the inner wall of the first valve body (401); a water inlet one-way valve (5) is installed at the entrance of the one-way water inlet channel (102), and the water inlet one-way valve (5) includes a second valve body (501), a first filter (502) is provided at the inlet of the second valve body (501), a first conical water inlet channel with an inner diameter gradually increasing along the water flow direction is provided inside the first filter (502), and a first blocking ball (503) elastically blocked in the first conical water inlet channel is provided in the second valve body (501); the channel inside the one-way water inlet channel (102) includes a channel along the water flow direction. A first filter channel, a first conical water inlet channel, a first circular water flow channel and a first conical closing channel are connected in sequence in the water flow direction; a first filter screen (502) is arranged in the first filter channel; an outlet of the first conical closing channel is connected to an inlet of the one-way water inlet channel (102); an inner diameter of the first conical closing channel gradually decreases along the water flow direction; a first porous plate (504) is installed at the outlet of the first circular water flow channel; a first spring (505) is connected between the first porous plate (504) and the first blocking ball (503); a first limiting ring (506) is arranged in the middle of the first porous plate (504); one end of the first spring (505) is arranged in the first limiting ring (506).

2. The double-layer pressure-resistant sealing structure of a submersible observation window according to claim 1, characterized in that: A valve cap (404) is provided on one side of the first valve body (401), and the inner top surface of the valve cap (404) is connected to one side of the valve core (403) via a telescopic rod (405). The telescopic rod (405) is outer-mounted with a compression spring (406) for pressing the valve core (403) toward the inner cavity partition hole (402).

3. The double-layer pressure-resistant sealing structure of a submersible observation window according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the telescopic rod (405) is connected to a limit plate (407), one end of the compression spring (406) is in contact with one side of the limit plate (407), and the other side of the limit plate (407) is connected to a sealing slide rod (408) that slides through the outside of the valve cap (404), a sealing ring is provided between the sealing slide rod (408) and the valve cap (404), and one end of the sealing slide rod (408) extending to the valve cap (404) is connected to a spring force adjustment mechanism for controlling the position of the limit plate (407) in the valve cap (404) through the spring force adjustment mechanism, thereby adjusting the pressing force of the compression spring (406) on the valve core (403).

4. The double-layer pressure-resistant sealing structure of a submersible observation window according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spring force adjustment mechanism comprises a driving motor (409) and a screw (410) threadedly connected to the sealing slide rod (408), the screw (410) being rotatably connected to the submersible window (1), a passive bevel gear (411) being mounted on the screw (410), and an active connecting gear (412) being mounted on the motor shaft of the driving motor (409), the active connecting gear (412) being meshedly connected to the passive bevel gear (411).

5. The double-layer pressure-resistant sealing structure of a submersible observation window according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water outlet one-way valve (6) is installed at the outlet of the one-way water outlet channel (103), and the water outlet one-way valve (6) includes a third valve body (601). A second filter screen (602) is provided at the outlet of the third valve body (601), and a second conical water inlet channel with an inner diameter gradually increasing along the direction of water flow is provided at the water inlet of the third valve body (601). A second blocking ball (603) elastically blocked in the second conical water inlet channel is provided in the third valve body (601).

6. The double-layer pressure-resistant sealing structure of a submersible observation window according to claim 5, characterized in that: The channel inside the one-way water outlet channel (103) includes a second conical water inlet channel, a second circular water inlet channel, a second conical closing channel and a second filter channel which are connected in sequence along the water flow direction. The second filter screen (602) is arranged in the second filter channel. The inlet of the second conical water inlet channel is connected to the outlet of the one-way water outlet channel (103). The inner diameter of the second conical closing channel gradually decreases along the water flow direction. A second porous plate (604) is installed at the outlet of the second circular water inlet channel. A second spring (605) is connected between the second porous plate (604) and the second blocking ball (603). A second limiting ring (606) is arranged in the middle of the second porous plate (604), and one end of the second spring (605) is arranged in the second limiting ring (606).

7. A double-layer pressure-resistant sealing structure for a submersible observation window according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A sealing ring (7) is provided between the submersible window (1) and the inner layer explosion-proof glass (2) and the outer layer explosion-proof glass (3); the middle portion of the outer side surface of the outer layer explosion-proof glass (3) is a spherical convex surface convex outward, and an annular groove is provided on the submersible window (1) around the spherical convex surface. The inner diameter of the annular groove is a conical structure that gradually decreases from the outside to the inside, and the inlet of the one-way water inlet channel (102) and the outlet of the one-way water outlet channel (103) are both perpendicular to the inner wall of the annular groove.

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