A quick locking mechanism of a ram preventer

Abstract

The present application relates to blowout preventer technical field, specifically is a kind of quick locking mechanism of gate blowout preventer, including shell, mobile storehouse is arranged in shell, piston is horizontally moved and is provided with the gate fixed with one end in mobile storehouse, piston is driven by hydraulic pressure;Threaded slot is horizontally opened in the end of piston, screw rod, drive unit and pressure sensor are also provided in shell;Screw rod is arranged in threaded slot, screw rod is threadedly cooperated with threaded slot, locking ring is fixedly arranged on screw rod;Drive unit is arranged on shell and drives screw rod to rotate when piston moves;Pressure sensor is arranged at the end of mobile storehouse, locking ring is always pressed on pressure sensor when piston moves.The locking efficiency of the present application is improved, at the same time, without manual operation of screw rod rotation by staff, avoid staff to approach gate blowout preventer, guarantee the personal safety of staff.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of blowout preventers, in particular to a quick locking mechanism of a ram blowout preventer. Background Art

[0002] The ram blowout preventer is an important device installed on the wellhead during the drilling and workover process to prevent blowout accidents. However, before installation, the ram blowout preventer is too large and heavy. Usually, it needs to be moved to the installation location by a crane during installation, and then the staff will move and install it. Due to the complex shape of the ram blowout preventer, it needs belts and other external materials to lift it. If the fixation is unstable, it may cause the ram blowout preventer to fall off and cause consequences. During installation, the staff will also be unbalanced when moving the ram blowout preventer due to the uneven force area of ​​the ram blowout preventer, making it inconvenient to install.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN214660051U discloses a large-span variable-diameter ram blowout preventer, comprising a ram blowout preventer body, a ram blowout preventer body, and a flange. The ram blowout preventer body and the ram blowout preventer body are provided with flanges at both upper and lower ends, and the ram blowout preventer body and the ram blowout preventer body are connected and installed with each other through the flanges. The ram blowout preventer body and the ram blowout preventer body are both provided with a mounting mechanism, and the mounting mechanism comprises a bearing plate, a lifting ring, a fixing plate, a screw hole, a rubber pad, a screw rod, a nut, a sleeve rod, a bearing plate, a fixing plate, a handle, a screw hole, a buffer spring, a rubber pad, and a buffer spring. The bearing plate on the mounting mechanism is provided with several lifting rings, a fixing plate is provided on one side of the bearing plate, and both ends of the fixing plate are opened and provided with a screw hole. A rubber pad is fixed below the fixing plate, and several buffer springs are installed between the rubber pad and the fixing plate.

[0004] The above scheme facilitates the installation of the gate blowout preventer. However, when in use, whether it is a single-gate blowout preventer or a multi-gate blowout preventer, its main working principle is basically the same. The advantage of the multi-gate blowout preventer is that it can be equipped with multiple different gates. Existing gate blowout preventers mainly have two locking methods when driving the gate to close and lock. One is hydraulic driving followed by hydraulic sealing, which is relatively fast. The other is hydraulic driving first and then mechanical locking, which is slower but more secure. In the second locking method, the mechanical locking after hydraulic driving is usually achieved using a screw rod. An abutment ring is provided on the screw rod. By rotating the screw rod, the abutment ring is abutted against one end of the blowout preventer, thereby achieving locking. However, the locking time is long and most of the time it requires manual operation. During the locking process, the staff needs to work close to the gate blowout preventer, which is less safe for the staff. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the application provides a quick locking mechanism of a flashboard blowout preventer, which is characterized by the following technical scheme: a pressure sensor is arranged at the end of a moving bin, and a driving unit for driving the rotation of a lead screw is arranged on the shell; when the piston pushes the flashboard to be closed under the action of hydraulic pressure, the driving unit drives the lead screw to rotate synchronously, so that the lead screw gradually slides out of the threaded groove, and the locking ring arranged on the lead screw always exerts pressure on the pressure sensor, that is, the moving bin always provides support force to the locking ring; the driving unit is adjusted according to the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor; when the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor is greater than the rated pressure, the driving unit reduces the power; and when the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor is less than the rated pressure, the driving unit increases the power, so that the piston drives the flashboard to be closed, the hydraulic self-sealing is simultaneously realized, and the lead screw can also be locked synchronously through the locking ring, thereby improving the safety of the flashboard during the closing process, and realizing the synchronous locking of the hydraulic pressure and the mechanism after the flashboard is closed.

[0006] To solve the problems in the prior art, the application provides a quick locking mechanism of a flashboard blowout preventer, which comprises a shell, a moving bin arranged in the shell, a piston with a flashboard fixed at one end arranged in the moving bin and driven by hydraulic pressure.

[0007] A threaded groove is horizontally arranged at the end of the piston, and a lead screw, a driving unit and a pressure sensor are further arranged in the shell.

[0008] The lead screw is arranged in the threaded groove and threadedly matched with the threaded groove, and a locking ring is fixedly arranged on the lead screw.

[0009] The driving unit is arranged on the shell and drives the rotation of the lead screw when the piston moves.

[0010] The pressure sensor is arranged at the end of the moving bin, and the locking ring always presses the pressure sensor when the piston moves.

[0011] Preferably, the driving unit comprises a driving ring, an extension rod and an annular magnetic driver.

[0012] The extension rod is fixedly arranged at the end of the lead screw in the extension direction of the lead screw, and the extension rod penetrates the moving bin in the extension direction of the lead screw and is slidably matched with the moving bin.

[0013] The driving ring is arranged at the end of the extension rod outside the moving bin, and the driving ring rotates synchronously with the extension rod.

[0014] The annular magnetic driver is sleeved on the periphery of the driving ring and is used for driving the driving ring.

[0015] Preferably, a protective cover is arranged on the periphery of the annular magnetic driver.

[0016] Preferably, a self-locking unit is further arranged in the shell, and the self-locking unit comprises a temporary storage groove, a locking groove and a locking block.

[0017] The temporary storage groove is obliquely arranged on the sidewall of the screw groove;

[0018] The locking groove is obliquely arranged on the sidewall of the screw rod, and the locking groove is aligned with the temporary storage groove when the shutter is closed and the screw rod is stopped rotating;

[0019] The locking block is slidingly arranged in the temporary storage groove, and the locking block is engaged with the locking groove.

[0020] Preferably, the self-locking unit further comprises a through groove, a sliding column and a communication groove;

[0021] The through groove is obliquely arranged on the piston along the extension direction of the piston;

[0022] The sliding column is slidingly arranged in the through groove along the extension direction of the through groove;

[0023] The communication groove is arranged below the sliding column and is communicated with the temporary storage groove, the first oil passage for supplying oil to the moving chamber is arranged on the side of the moving chamber close to the driving unit, and the communication groove is communicated with the first oil passage when the sliding column slides out of the through groove.

[0024] Preferably, the screw rod is provided with a pressure reduction groove communicated with the locking groove and the screw groove.

[0025] Preferably, the second oil passage is arranged on the end of the moving chamber away from the first oil passage, the third oil passage is arranged on the piston, and the screw groove is communicated with the second oil passage through the third oil passage.

[0026] Preferably, the limiting blocks are arranged at both ends of the sliding column respectively, and the limiting blocks limit the sliding of the sliding column in the through groove.

[0027] Preferably, the partition plate is arranged between the pressure sensor and the locking ring along the horizontal direction, and a plurality of rolling balls are arranged on the end of the partition plate close to the locking ring.

[0028] Preferably, the rolling ball is made of tungsten metal ball.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present application compared with the prior art are:

[0030] 1. The application sets a pressure sensor at the end of the mobile bin, and sets a driving unit for driving the screw rod to rotate on the shell, when the piston pushes the gate to close under the action of hydraulic pressure, the driving unit drives the screw rod to rotate synchronously, so that the screw rod gradually slides out of the thread groove, and the locking ring arranged on the screw rod always produces pressure on the pressure sensor, that is, the mobile bin always provides support force to the locking ring, the driving unit adjusts correspondingly according to the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor, when the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor is greater than the rated pressure, the driving unit reduces the power, when the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor is less than the rated pressure, the driving unit increases the power, so that after the piston drives the gate to close, the hydraulic self-sealing is realized, and the screw rod can also be locked synchronously through the locking ring, which improves the safety of the gate in the closing process, and after the gate is closed, the hydraulic pressure and the mechanical synchronous locking are realized, the locking efficiency is improved, and manual operation of the screw rod is not needed, the staff is prevented from being close to the gate protector, and the personal safety of the staff is ensured.

[0031] 2. The sliding column is arranged, and the communication groove is arranged on the sliding column, so that the communication groove and the first oil way are in a non-communication state in the piston movement process, high-pressure oil liquid is prevented from producing pressure on the temporary storage groove in the process that the screw rod slides out of the thread groove, and then the locking block is prevented from producing large wear on the screw rod, and the end of the locking block is also prevented from being worn. At the same time, the second oil way and the third oil way are arranged, so that the locking block can more easily slide into the locking groove, and the smoothness of the screw rod sliding out of or into the thread groove is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the rapid locking mechanism of the gate protector of the application when the drill rod passes through.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a side view of the rapid locking mechanism of the gate protector of the application.

[0034] Figure 3 It is a Figure 2 sectional view of the rapid locking mechanism of the gate protector of the application at A-A.

[0035] Figure 4 It is a Figure 3 partial enlarged view of the rapid locking mechanism of the gate protector of the application at B.

[0036] Figure 5 It is a sectional perspective view of the rapid locking mechanism of the gate protector of the application when the gate is opened.

[0037] Figure 6 It is a Figure 5A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point C in the middle.

[0038] Figure 7 This invention is a quick locking mechanism of a ram blowout preventer Figure 5 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point D in the middle.

[0039] Figure 8 The invention discloses a cross-sectional perspective schematic diagram of a quick locking mechanism of a ram blowout preventer when the ram is closed.

[0040] Figure 9 This invention is a quick locking mechanism of a ram blowout preventer Figure 8 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point E in the middle.

[0041] Figure 10 The invention discloses a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a quick locking mechanism of a ram blowout preventer with the housing removed.

[0042] Figure 11 The diagram is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a quick locking mechanism of a ram blowout preventer of the present invention with the shell and the movable chamber removed.

[0043] The numbers in the figure are:

[0044] 1. Housing; 11. Mobile warehouse; 111. First oil circuit; 112. Second oil circuit; 113. Third oil circuit; 12. Piston; 121. Threaded groove; 13. Screw rod; 131. Locking ring; 14. Drive unit; 141. Drive ring; 142. Extension rod; 143. Annular magnetic drive; 144. Protective cover; 15. Pressure sensor; 16. Self-locking unit; 161. Temporary storage groove; 162. Locking groove; 163. Locking block; 164. Through groove; 165. Sliding column; 1651. Limit block; 166. Connecting groove; 167. Pressure relief groove; 17. Partition; 171. Rolling ball; 2. Gate; 3. Drill pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to further understand the features, technical means, specific objectives and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0046] Reference Figures 1-5 、 Figure 9 and Figure 11 A quick locking mechanism for a ram blowout preventer comprises a housing 1, a movable chamber 11 being provided in the housing 1, a piston 12 with a ram 2 fixed at one end being horizontally movable in the movable chamber 11, and the piston 12 being driven by hydraulic pressure;

[0047] A threaded groove 121 is horizontally formed at the end of the piston 12, and a screw rod 13, a drive unit 14 and a pressure sensor 15 are also provided in the housing 1;

[0048] The screw rod 13 is disposed in the thread groove 121 , and the screw rod 13 is threadably engaged with the thread groove 121 . A locking ring 131 is fixedly disposed on the screw rod 13 .

[0049] The driving unit 14 is provided on the housing 1 and drives the screw 13 to rotate when the piston 12 moves;

[0050] The pressure sensor 15 is disposed at the end of the movable chamber 11 . When the piston 12 moves, the locking ring 131 always presses on the pressure sensor 15 .

[0051] A ram BOP is a key device used in oil and gas drilling operations to control wellhead pressure and prevent blowouts. The ram BOP controls the movement of piston 12 through a hydraulic system, pushing ram 2 in a direction perpendicular to the wellbore axis, thereby closing or opening the wellhead. Based on the structure and function of ram 2, it can be categorized into the following types: fully enclosed ram BOP, semi-enclosed ram BOP, shear ram BOP, and variable-diameter ram BOP. The semi-enclosed ram BOP shown in the accompanying drawings is a semi-enclosed ram BOP. Ram 2 has a semicircular groove that seals the drill pipe 3 or oil tubing. Different rams 2 can be selected based on actual conditions during use. When the ram blowout preventer is in effect, the piston 12 is hydraulically pushed to push the ram 2, so that the ram 2 is closed, and then the hydraulic pipeline is closed to achieve self-sealing. However, the locking effect of the ram 2 after closing depends entirely on the self-sealing of the hydraulic pipeline, which is less safe. Therefore, a screw rod 13 is also provided on the piston 12. When the ram 2 is closed through the hydraulic pipeline, the staff rotates the screw rod 13, and a locking ring 131 is provided on the screw rod 13, so that the locking ring 131 contacts the mobile bin 11. Although the locking ring 131 achieves secondary locking of the piston 12, which improves safety, the staff rotates the screw rod 13. The speed of the screw rod 13 is limited, and the locking effect provided by the screw rod 13 on the piston 12 cannot be synchronized with the hydraulic self-sealing, that is, the locking effect provided by the screw rod 13 on the piston 12 lags behind the hydraulic self-sealing, and the ram blowout preventer is usually activated only when the pressure is too high or a blowout occurs. When the ram 2 is closed, the staff needs to approach the ram blowout preventer and rotate the screw rod 13. During the rotation of the screw rod 13, the screw rod 13 cannot provide effective locking force on the piston 12. If the hydraulic pipeline leaks at this time, the ram 2 can be easily opened, and the staff operating near the ram blowout preventer are vulnerable to injury.

[0052] In order to avoid the above situation, the structure of the existing flashboard blowout preventer is optimized and designed, so that when the piston 12 is pushed by the hydraulic pressure, the screw rod 13 can start rotating synchronously, and the locking ring 131 provided on the screw rod 13 is always in contact with the end of the moving bin 11, the moving bin 11 provides support force for the locking ring 131, finally the hydraulic seal and mechanical seal can be realized synchronously after the flashboard 2 is closed, the sealing effect is improved, and when sealing, the staff does not need to approach the flashboard blowout preventer, and the personal safety of the staff is protected. The specific structure and working process of the application are as follows:

[0053] The first oil passage 111 and the second oil passage 112 are arranged on the moving chamber 11, and both of them are communicated with the moving chamber 11. The piston 12 moving in the moving chamber 11 separates the first oil passage 111 and the second oil passage 112. When the pressure of the oil well is normal, the piston 12 is located at the end of the moving chamber 11 away from the gate valve 2, at this time, the gate valve 2 is in the open state. When the pressure in the oil well rises or blowout phenomenon occurs, the first oil passage 111 injects oil into the moving chamber 11, and the piston 12 moves in the moving chamber 11 towards the second oil passage 112. The hydraulic oil in the moving chamber 11 on the side of the piston 12 towards the second oil passage 112 is squeezed into the second oil passage 112. At the same time, the driving unit 14 drives the screw rod 13 to rotate, and the screw rod 13 gradually extends out of the threaded groove 121. It is worth noting that when the driving unit 14 drives the screw rod 13 to slide out of the threaded groove 121, the locking ring 131 always generates a pressing force on the pressure sensor 15. The pressure sensor 15 is always able to detect the pressure, and if the actual pressure detected by the pressure sensor 15 is lower than the rated threshold value, it means that the sliding speed of the screw rod 13 is slower than the moving speed of the piston 12. At this time, the driving unit 14 needs to increase the power to increase the rotating speed of the screw rod 13, so as to increase the sliding speed of the screw rod 13, and finally increase the pressure of the locking ring 131 on the pressure sensor 15. Conversely, if the power of the driving unit 14 is too large, it will cause the actual pressure detected by the pressure sensor 15 to be greater than the rated threshold value. In order to avoid the excessive force between the screw rod 13 and the piston 12, when the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 15 is greater than the rated threshold value, the power of the driving unit 14 is reduced. If the axial force between the screw rod 13 and the piston 12 is too large when they are threadedly engaged, it will cause excessive wear of the screw rod 13 and the piston 12. The specific rated threshold value needs to be set according to the actual situation. By arranging the pressure sensor 15 at the end of the moving chamber 11, the locking ring 131 always generates a pressure on the pressure sensor 15 when the piston 12 drives the gate valve 2 to close, that is, the moving chamber 11 always provides support to the locking ring 131. Therefore, when the gate valve 2 is closed, the first oil passage 111 and the second oil passage 112 are both closed, thereby completing the hydraulic self-locking. At the same time, since the locking ring 131 is already located at one end of the moving chamber 11, the moving chamber 11 can provide locking force to the locking ring 131, so the mechanical locking can also be completed synchronously.

[0054] The necessity that the locking ring 131 always generates pressure on the pressure sensor 15 is as follows: during the movement of the piston 12 pushing the gate valve 2, the moving chamber 11 always provides a supporting force to the locking ring 131, which ensures that the piston 12 can be subjected to both hydraulic action and mechanical pushing action of the lead screw 13 during the movement. If the locking ring 131 does not generate pressure on the pressure sensor 15 when the piston 12 moves, although the lead screw 13 gradually slides out of the threaded groove 121 under the drive of the driving unit 14, the moving chamber 11 does not generate a supporting force to the locking ring 131, which results in that the piston 12 can only be subjected to hydraulic drive during the movement of driving the gate valve 2 to close. In addition, if the pressure is too high or the blowout breaks through the gate valve 2, the locking ring 131 will be pushed to the side wall of the moving chamber 11 in the opposite direction and will impact the side wall of the moving chamber 11 and the pressure sensor 15. Although the distance of the gate valve 2 pushed in the opposite direction is limited, since the lead screw 13 continuously slides out of the threaded groove 121, the distance between the locking ring 131 and the pressure sensor 15 is small, and the locking ring 131 will still impact the side wall of the moving chamber 11 and the pressure sensor 15 when the gate valve 2 is pushed in the opposite direction. If the locking ring 131 always generates pressure on the pressure sensor 15, the locking ring 131 and the pressure sensor 15 will be abraded. The problem will be described later.

[0055] In summary, by arranging the pressure sensor 15 at the end of the moving chamber 11 and arranging the driving unit 14 for driving the lead screw 13 to rotate on the housing 1, when the piston 12 pushes the gate valve 2 to close under the action of the hydraulic pressure, the driving unit 14 drives the lead screw 13 to rotate synchronously, so that the lead screw 13 gradually slides out of the threaded groove 121, and the locking ring 131 arranged on the lead screw 13 always generates pressure on the pressure sensor 15, that is, the moving chamber 11 always provides a supporting force to the locking ring 131. The driving unit 14 adjusts the power according to the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 15. When the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 15 is greater than the rated pressure, the driving unit 14 reduces the power, and when the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 15 is less than the rated pressure, the driving unit 14 increases the power. After the piston 12 drives the gate valve 2 to close, the hydraulic self-sealing is realized, and the lead screw 13 can also be locked synchronously through the locking ring 131, which improves the safety of the gate valve 2 during the closing process, and improves the locking efficiency after the gate valve 2 is closed. The hydraulic pressure and the mechanical pressure are locked synchronously, and the staff does not need to manually operate the rotation of the lead screw 13, which avoids the staff approaching the gate valve preventer and ensures the safety of the staff.

[0056] With reference to Figure 8 The driving unit 14 comprises a driving ring 141, an extension rod 142 and an annular magnetic drive 143.

[0057] The extension rod 142 is fixedly arranged at the end of the screw rod 13 along the extension direction of the screw rod 13. The extension rod 142 passes through the mobile bin 11 along the extension direction of the screw rod 13 and slides with the mobile bin 11.

[0058] The driving ring 141 is provided at one end of the extension rod 142 located outside the mobile bin 11 , and the driving ring 141 rotates synchronously with the extension rod 142 ;

[0059] The annular magnetic driver 143 is sleeved on the periphery of the driving ring 141 and is used to drive the driving ring 141 .

[0060] When the drive unit 14 drives the screw rod 13 to rotate, the piston 12 is also in a moving state while the screw rod 13 slides out of the thread groove 121, and the screw rod 13 will move slightly in the direction of its own axis. If a motor with an output shaft is directly connected to the screw rod 13, it is easy to cause damage to the output shaft of the motor. However, the annular magnetic driver 143 is used to drive the drive ring 141, so that the drive ring 141 can move freely in the axial direction of the annular magnetic driver 143, and the annular magnetic driver 143 will not be affected by the movement of the screw rod 13 along its own axial direction. The drive ring 141 can rotate normally under the drive of the annular magnetic driver 143.

[0061] Reference Figure 8 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11 : A protective cover 144 is provided on the outer cover of the annular magnetic drive 143.

[0062] Since the working environment of the annular magnetic driver 143 needs to be kept clean and there is a lot of oil pollution around the oil well, a protective cover 144 needs to be provided on the outer cover of the annular magnetic driver to extend the service life of the annular magnetic driver 143.

[0063] Reference Figures 5-7 : A self-locking unit 16 is also provided in the housing 1, and the self-locking unit 16 includes a temporary storage slot 161, a locking slot 162 and a locking block 163;

[0064] The temporary storage groove 161 is obliquely opened on the side wall of the thread groove 121;

[0065] The locking groove 162 is obliquely formed on the side wall of the screw rod 13. When the gate 2 is closed and the screw rod 13 stops rotating, the locking groove 162 is aligned with the temporary storage groove 161.

[0066] The locking block 163 is slidably disposed in the temporary storage slot 161 , and the locking block 163 is engaged with the locking slot 162 .

[0067] Since the screw rod 13 is threadedly matched with the thread groove 121, after locking, if the screw rod 13 is not locked, under the action of high pressure, the screw rod 13 is prone to reverse rotation, and after the screw rod 13 stops rotating, when the locking groove 162 and the locking block 163 are locked, the screw rod 13 cannot rotate any more.

[0068] With reference to Figures 5-7 The self-locking unit 16 further comprises a through groove 164, a sliding column 165 and a communication groove 166.

[0069] The through groove 164 is arranged on the piston 12 and extends along the extension direction of the piston 12.

[0070] The sliding column 165 is arranged on the through groove 164 and slides along the extension direction of the through groove 164.

[0071] The communication groove 166 is arranged below the sliding column 165 and communicates with the temporary storage groove 161. The first oil passage 111 for supplying oil into the moving chamber 11 is arranged on the side of the moving chamber 11 close to the driving unit 14. When the sliding column 165 slides out of the through groove 164, the communication groove 166 communicates with the first oil passage 111.

[0072] Before the closure of the gate 2, the end of the sliding column 165 close to the first oil passage 111 blocks the end of the through groove 164 close to the first oil passage 111, at this time, the communication groove 166 is not in communication with the first oil passage 111. The end of the sliding column 165 close to the second oil passage 112 extends out of the end of the through groove 164 close to the second oil passage 112, at this time, the oil pressure in the moving chamber 11 of the piston 12 towards the first oil passage 111 is higher, and the sliding column 165 will not slide in the through groove 164. When the gate 2 is about to be closed, the end of the sliding column 165 close to the second oil passage 112 contacts the end of the moving chamber 11 provided with the second oil passage 112. With the continuous movement of the piston 12 along the inherent direction, the sliding column 165 slides on the through groove 164, at this time, the communication groove 166 communicates with the first oil passage 111. The hydraulic oil in the first oil passage 111 flows into the temporary storage groove 161 through the communication groove 166 and generates a pushing force on the locking block 163. When the gate 2 is completely closed, the temporary storage groove 161 is aligned with the locking groove 162, and the locking block 163 slides into the locking groove 162 under the action of high-pressure oil and its own gravity, so that the locking block 163 and the locking groove 162 are locked. By arranging the sliding column 165 and the communication groove 166 on the sliding column 165, the communication groove 166 is in a non-communication state with the first oil passage 111 during the movement of the piston 12, so that the high-pressure oil does not generate pressure on the temporary storage groove 161 during the sliding of the screw rod 13 out of the thread groove 121, thereby avoiding the large wear of the locking block 163 on the screw rod 13, and also avoiding the large wear of the end of the locking block 163.

[0073] With reference toFigure 7 and Figure 9 A relief groove 167 is formed in the screw rod 13 to communicate the locking groove 162 with the threaded groove 121.

[0074] During the insertion of the locking block 163 into the locking groove 162, the locking groove 162 is filled with hydraulic oil. Without the relief groove 167, the locking block 163 is inserted into the locking groove 162 at a low speed. With the relief groove 167, the speed of the insertion of the locking block 163 into the locking groove 162 is increased.

[0075] Referring to Figure 7 and Figure 9 A second oil passage 112 is formed in the moving chamber 11 at an end away from the first oil passage 111, and a third oil passage 113 is formed in the piston 12. The threaded groove 121 is communicated with the second oil passage 112 through the third oil passage 113.

[0076] Before the closure of the shutter 2, the communication groove 166 in the sliding column 165 is not communicated with the first oil passage 111. When the shutter 2 is closed, the sliding column 165 slides in the through groove 164, and the temporary storage groove 161 is communicated with the first oil passage 111 through the communication groove 166. The hydraulic oil in the first oil passage 111 is continuously injected into the moving chamber 11, so that the locking block 163 in the temporary storage groove 161 slides into the locking groove 162. The oil in the locking groove 162 is drained into the threaded groove 121 through the relief groove 167, and is drained into the second oil passage 112 through the third oil passage 113. The oil is returned to the oil cylinder through the second oil passage 112. When the shutter 2 needs to be opened, the first oil passage 111 drains the oil, and the driving unit 14 is in a static state. The locking block 163 rises to the temporary storage groove 161, and the oil in the temporary storage groove 161 flows into the first oil passage 111 through the communication groove 166. The oil in the locking groove 162 is replenished from the second oil passage 112. At this time, the sliding column 165 does not slide in the through groove 164. When the piston 12 completely separates from the shutter 2, the end of the sliding column 165 close to the first oil passage 111 is pressed by the moving chamber 11, and the communication groove 166 is disconnected from the first oil passage 111.

[0077] Referring to Figure 6 Limiting blocks 1651 are arranged at both ends of the sliding column 165 to limit the sliding of the sliding column 165 in the through groove 164.

[0078] The limiting blocks 1651 arranged at both ends of the sliding column 165 prevent the sliding column 165 from slipping in the through groove 164. It is worth noting that the sliding column 165 does not rotate around its own axis. A guide groove is formed in the side wall of the through groove 164. The sliding column 165 extends into the guide groove and slides with the guide groove.

[0079] Referring to Figure 4A partition 17 is arranged between the pressure sensor 15 and the locking ring 131 in the horizontal direction, and a plurality of rolling balls 171 are arranged at the end of the partition 17 towards the locking ring 131.

[0080] By arranging the partition 17 and the rolling balls 171, the locking ring 131 is not in direct contact with the pressure sensor 15, and the friction coefficient of the locking ring 131 is low when the locking ring 131 is in rotation with the rolling balls 171, thereby reducing the wear of the locking ring 131.

[0081] With reference to Figures 1-11 The rolling balls 171 are tungsten metal balls.

[0082] The rolling balls 171 are tungsten metal balls due to the high pressure in the working environment of the rolling balls 171.

[0083] Working principle: The first oil way 111 and the second oil way 112 are arranged on the moving bin 11, and the first oil way 111 and the second oil way 112 are communicated with the moving bin 11, the piston 12 moving in the moving bin 11 separates the first oil way 111 and the second oil way 112, when the oil well pressure is normal, the piston 12 is located at one end of the moving bin 11 away from the gate valve 2, at this time, the gate valve 2 is in the open state, when the pressure in the oil well rises or blowout phenomenon occurs, the first oil way 111 injects oil into the moving bin 11, the piston 12 moves in the moving bin 11 towards the second oil way 112, the hydraulic oil in the moving bin 11 on the side of the piston 12 towards the second oil way 112 is squeezed into the second oil way 112, at the same time, the driving unit 14 drives the screw rod 13 to rotate, the screw rod 13 gradually extends out of the threaded groove 121, it is worth noting that when the driving unit 14 drives the screw rod 13 to slide out of the threaded groove 121, the locking ring 131 always generates pressing force on the pressure sensor 15, the pressure sensor 15 is always able to detect the pressure, if the actual pressure detected by the pressure sensor 15 is lower than the rated threshold, it indicates that the sliding speed of the screw rod 13 is slower than the moving speed of the piston 12, at this time, the driving unit 14 needs to increase the power, so that the rotating speed of the screw rod 13 is increased, and then the sliding speed of the screw rod 13 is increased, and finally the pressure of the locking ring 131 on the pressure sensor 15 is increased; on the contrary, if the power of the driving unit 14 is too large, the actual pressure detected by the pressure sensor 15 is greater than the rated threshold, in order to avoid that the acting force between the screw rod 13 and the piston 12 is too large, when the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 15 is greater than the rated threshold, the power of the driving unit 14 is reduced. If the axial acting force between the screw rod 13 and the piston 12 is too large when the screw rod 13 and the piston 12 are threadedly cooperated, the wear between the screw rod 13 and the piston 12 will be too large, and the specific rated threshold needs to be set according to the actual situation. By arranging the pressure sensor 15 at the end of the moving bin 11, the locking ring 131 always generates pressure on the pressure sensor 15 when the piston 12 drives the gate valve 2 to close, that is, the moving bin 11 always provides support for the locking ring 131, so when the gate valve 2 is closed, the first oil way 111 and the second oil way 112 are both closed, so that the hydraulic self-locking is completed, at the same time, since the locking ring 131 is located at one end of the moving bin 11, the moving bin 11 can provide locking force for the locking ring 131, so the mechanical locking can also be completed synchronously.

[0084] The above embodiments only express one or several embodiments of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as the limitation of the protection scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A quick locking mechanism for a ram blowout preventer, comprising a housing (1), a movable chamber (11) provided in the housing (1), a piston (12) with a ram (2) fixed at one end thereof being horizontally movable in the movable chamber (11), and the piston (12) being driven by hydraulic pressure; It is characterized by: A threaded groove (121) is horizontally provided at the end of the piston (12), and a screw rod (13), a drive unit (14) and a pressure sensor (15) are also provided in the housing (1); The screw rod (13) is arranged in the thread groove (121), the screw rod (13) and the thread groove (121) are threadedly matched, and a locking ring (131) is fixedly arranged on the screw rod (13); The drive unit (14) is arranged on the housing (1) and drives the screw rod (13) to rotate when the piston (12) moves; The pressure sensor (15) is arranged at the end of the movable chamber (11), and when the piston (12) moves, the locking ring (131) always presses on the pressure sensor (15); a self-locking unit (16) is also arranged in the housing (1), and the self-locking unit (16) includes a temporary storage groove (161), a locking groove (162) and a locking block (163); The temporary storage groove (161) is obliquely opened on the side wall of the thread groove (121), and the locking block (163) is slidably arranged in the temporary storage groove (161); The locking groove (162) is obliquely opened on the side wall of the screw rod (13). When the gate plate (2) is closed and the screw rod (13) stops rotating, the locking groove (162) is aligned with the temporary storage groove (161), and the locking block (163) is engaged with the locking groove (162).

2. A quick locking mechanism for a ram blowout preventer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive unit (14) includes a drive ring (141), an extension rod (142) and an annular magnetic drive (143); The extension rod (142) is fixedly arranged at the end of the screw rod (13) along the extension direction of the screw rod (13); the extension rod (142) passes through the movable bin (11) along the extension direction of the screw rod (13) and is slidably engaged with the movable bin (11); The driving ring (141) is arranged at one end of the extension rod (142) located outside the mobile bin (11), and the driving ring (141) rotates synchronously with the extension rod (142); The annular magnetic driver (143) is sleeved on the periphery of the driving ring (141) and is used to drive the driving ring (141).

3. A quick locking mechanism for a ram blowout preventer according to claim 2, characterized in that: A protective cover (144) is provided on the outer cover of the annular magnetic drive (143).

4. The quick locking mechanism of a ram blowout preventer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-locking unit (16) further includes a through groove (164), a sliding column (165) and a communication groove (166); A through groove (164) is formed on the piston (12) along an extension direction of the piston (12); The sliding column (165) is slidably arranged on the through-groove (164) along the extension direction of the through-groove (164); A connecting groove (166) is provided below the sliding column (165), and the connecting groove (166) is communicated with the temporary storage groove (161). A first oil passage (111) for supplying oil to the mobile bin (11) is provided on a side of the mobile bin (11) close to the drive unit (14). When the sliding column (165) slides out of the through groove (164), the connecting groove (166) is communicated with the first oil passage (111).

5. The quick locking mechanism of a ram blowout preventer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A decompression groove (167) is provided on the screw rod (13) to connect the locking groove (162) with the thread groove (121).

6. A quick locking mechanism for a ram blowout preventer according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second oil circuit (112) is provided on one end of the mobile chamber (11) away from the first oil circuit (111), a third oil circuit (113) is provided on the piston (12), and the threaded groove (121) is connected to the second oil circuit (112) through the third oil circuit (113).

7. The quick locking mechanism of a ram blowout preventer according to claim 4, characterized in that: Limiting blocks (1651) are respectively provided at both ends of the sliding column (165), and the limiting blocks (1651) limit the sliding column (165) to slide within the through groove (164).

8. The quick locking mechanism of a ram blowout preventer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A partition (17) is arranged between the pressure sensor (15) and the locking ring (131) so as to move in the horizontal direction, and a plurality of rolling balls (171) are arranged on the end of the partition (17) so as to rotate toward the locking ring (131).

9. A quick locking mechanism for a ram blowout preventer according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rolling ball (171) is made of a tungsten metal ball.

Images