Dynamic sealing device for rotary material handling equipment

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of dynamic sealing technology, and discloses a dynamic sealing device for rotary material handling equipment, which solves the technical problem that existing dynamic sealing devices cannot operate stably and reliably for a long time. The first sliding sealing packing ring arranged at the first end of the annular bracket tightly fills the radial fitting gap between the first cylinder and the second cylinder under the action of the first sliding sealing packing ring extrusion structure, forming a first radial sealing structure; the second sliding sealing packing ring arranged at the second end of the annular bracket tightly fills the radial fitting gap between the first cylinder and the annular bracket under the action of the second sliding sealing packing ring extrusion structure, forming a second radial sealing structure; and the air sealing mechanism located between the first sliding sealing packing ring sealing mechanism and the second sliding sealing packing ring sealing mechanism forms a third radial sealing structure in the form of an air seal through the radial fitting between the annular air groove and the first cylinder. The triple radial sealing structures cooperate with each other and work in coordination.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of dynamic sealing, and in particular to a dynamic sealing device for rotary material processing equipment. Background Art

[0002] The treatment and resource utilization of organic solid waste has always been a key research topic in the fields of environmental protection and resource recycling. my country generates a large amount of organic solid waste annually, including lignocellulosic waste, forestry processing residues, agricultural waste, garden waste, industrial organic waste, and livestock and poultry waste. Improper handling of this organic solid waste not only occupies significant land resources but can also lead to environmental pollution and waste of resources.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for treating organic solid waste include landfill, composting, and incineration. While landfilling is relatively low-cost, it occupies a significant amount of land and produces greenhouse gases during the decomposition of organic matter. Composting is suitable for some organic solid waste, but it has a long treatment cycle and can cause odor issues. Direct incineration, while effective in reducing waste, is energy-efficient and can easily produce hazardous substances such as dioxins.

[0004] As a thermochemical conversion technology, pyrolysis technology can decompose organic solid waste into volatile pyrolysis products (including combustible gases and tar) and solid carbonaceous residues (coke) through heating under conditions of isolation or restriction of oxygen. It has the advantages of good reduction effect and low pollution, and is attracting more and more attention.

[0005] However, traditional cracking technology still faces several challenges. First, energy efficiency is low. Traditional cracking processes typically require a large amount of external heat energy, resulting in high energy consumption and operating costs. Second, product utilization is inadequate. Volatile products produced by cracking are often directly discharged or burned, failing to effectively utilize their energy value. Furthermore, if the exhaust gas produced during the cracking process is not properly handled, it may contain pollutants such as particulate matter, sulfur oxides, and nitrogen oxides, posing environmental problems.

[0006] To address the low energy efficiency of traditional pyrolysis technology, the applicant has developed a pyrolysis conversion device comprising a pyrolysis device, a combustion device, and a heat supply device. The pyrolysis device is used to pyrolyze organic feedstock to produce volatile pyrolysis products and a solid carbonaceous residue. The combustion device uses the volatile pyrolysis products as fuel to burn, generating heat. The heat supply device is used to transfer at least a portion of the heat to the pyrolysis device for pyrolysis production. Specifically, the pyrolysis device utilizes a jacket-heated rotary kiln. The heat supply device transfers at least a portion of the heat to the pyrolysis device by conveying high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion device to the jacket.

[0007] During the development of the aforementioned rotary kiln, the inventors discovered that during operation, existing rotary kilns and similar equipment (collectively referred to as rotary material handling equipment) rotate the cylinder that serves as the material handling channel (the cylinder that rotates is called a rotary cylinder), and a fixed cylinder is often provided at the end of the rotary cylinder to facilitate the entry and exit of materials. The dynamic sealing devices between the fixed cylinder and the rotary cylinder primarily include labyrinth seals, packing seals, and gas seals. Labyrinth seals reduce leakage by increasing the length and complexity of the leakage path through a labyrinth-shaped channel. They have a simple structure but limited sealing effectiveness. Packing seals use packing rings made of materials such as graphite and achieve sealing by adjusting pressure. They are highly adaptable but prone to wear. Gas seals inject gas to form a barrier, which reduces wear but struggles to cope with large pressure differentials.

[0008] The aforementioned dynamic sealing devices have significant limitations when used in cracking and conversion units. The cracking process typically operates at high temperatures, under conditions of oxygen isolation or restriction, and produces large quantities of corrosive substances, including volatile cracking products. Under these conditions, labyrinth seals are unable to effectively prevent the leakage of volatile cracking products, leading to energy loss and environmental pollution. Stuffing seals are susceptible to accelerated aging and deformation in high-temperature environments, requiring frequent replacement and increasing operating and maintenance costs. Gas seals struggle to cope with the pressure fluctuations generated during the cracking process, especially when volatile cracking products are suddenly released. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The object of the present invention is to provide a dynamic sealing device for rotary material handling equipment to solve the technical problem that the existing dynamic sealing device cannot operate stably and reliably for a long time.

[0010] A dynamic sealing device for rotary material processing equipment comprises: an annular bracket, which is arranged between a first cylinder and a second cylinder of the rotary material processing equipment, the second cylinder is sleeved on the first cylinder, the first cylinder and the second cylinder rotate relative to each other when the rotary material processing equipment is working, the annular bracket is sleeved on the first cylinder and the first end of the annular bracket is connected to the corresponding end surface of the second cylinder; a first sliding sealing packing ring sealing mechanism, which is arranged at the first end of the annular bracket and comprises a first sliding sealing packing ring and a first sliding sealing packing ring extrusion structure, the first sliding sealing packing ring is tightly filled in the radial fitting gap between the first cylinder and the second cylinder under the extrusion action of the first sliding sealing packing ring extrusion structure, thereby forming a first radial sealing Sealing structure; a second sliding sealing packing ring sealing mechanism, which is arranged at the second end of the annular bracket and includes a second sliding sealing packing ring and a second sliding sealing packing ring extrusion structure. The second sliding sealing packing ring is tightly filled in the radial fitting gap between the first cylinder and the annular bracket under the extrusion action applied by the second sliding sealing packing ring extrusion structure, thereby forming a second radial sealing structure; and an air sealing mechanism, which includes an annular air groove arranged on the inner side of the annular bracket in the radial direction and located between the first sliding sealing packing ring sealing mechanism and the second sliding sealing packing ring sealing mechanism, thereby being sleeved on the first cylinder. The annular air groove is connected to the sealing gas inlet pipe, and the radial fitting between the annular air groove and the first cylinder forms a third radial sealing structure in the form of an air seal.

[0011] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the above-mentioned dynamic sealing device, further: the rotary material processing equipment is a rotary kiln, one of the first cylinder and the second cylinder is a material processing channel of the rotary kiln, and the other is a material input / output channel.

[0012] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the above-mentioned dynamic sealing device, further: the rotary kiln is a carbonization rotary kiln for activated carbon preparation or an activation rotary kiln for activated carbon preparation; the carbonization rotary kiln for activated carbon preparation is used to process the activated carbon preparation raw materials into carbonized materials, and the carbonized materials are used to be activated to prepare activated carbon; the activation rotary kiln for activated carbon preparation is used to activate the carbonized materials to prepare activated carbon.

[0013] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the above-mentioned dynamic sealing device, further: the annular bracket includes a support sleeve, which is sleeved on the first cylinder and coaxially arranged with the first cylinder, the first end of the support sleeve is connected to the corresponding end face of the second cylinder through a first end plate arranged on the outside in the radial direction of the support sleeve, the second end of the support sleeve is installed with a second end plate arranged on the inner side in the radial direction of the support sleeve, thereby serving as an end cover of the second end of the support sleeve, the first sliding sealing packing ring is installed in the first end of the support sleeve, and the second sliding sealing packing ring is installed in the second end of the support sleeve, and the air sealing mechanism includes a pair of partitions arranged on the side wall on the inner side of the support sleeve in the radial direction, and an annular air groove is formed between the pair of partitions and the support sleeve.

[0014] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the above-mentioned dynamic sealing device, further: the first sliding sealing packing ring extrusion structure applies a first axial extrusion force and a first radial extrusion force to the first sliding sealing packing ring, and the first sliding sealing packing ring is tightly fitted with the corresponding end face of the second cylinder under the action of the first axial extrusion force, and the first sliding sealing packing ring is tightly fitted with the cylindrical surface of the first cylinder under the action of the first radial extrusion force; the second sliding sealing packing ring extrusion structure applies a second axial extrusion force and a second radial extrusion force to the second sliding sealing packing ring, and the second sliding sealing packing ring is tightly fitted with the corresponding end face of the second end plate under the action of the second axial extrusion force, and the second sliding sealing packing ring is tightly fitted with the cylindrical surface of the first cylinder under the action of the second radial extrusion force.

[0015] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the above-mentioned dynamic sealing device, further: the first sliding sealing packing ring extrusion structure includes a first packing sleeve, a first axial sliding member and a first spring pressing member, the first packing sleeve is sleeved on the first sliding sealing packing ring and cooperates with the first sliding sealing packing ring through a first conical surface matching pair, the first axial sliding member is guided by the first guide structure provided on the support sleeve under the action of the first spring pressing member, and squeezes the first packing sleeve along the axial direction of the support sleeve, so that the first packing sleeve applies a first axial extrusion force and a first radial extrusion force to the first sliding sealing packing ring through the first conical surface matching pair; the second sliding sealing packing ring extrusion structure includes a second packing sleeve, a second axial sliding member and a second spring pressing member, the second packing sleeve is sleeved on the second sliding sealing packing ring and cooperates with the second sliding sealing packing ring through a second conical surface matching pair, the second axial sliding member is guided by the second guide structure provided on the support sleeve under the action of the second spring pressing member, and squeezes the second packing sleeve along the axial direction of the support sleeve, so that the second packing sleeve applies a second axial extrusion force and a second radial extrusion force to the second sliding sealing packing ring through the second conical surface matching pair.

[0016] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the above-mentioned dynamic sealing device, further: the first guide structure is a first guide hole opened on the cylindrical wall of the support sleeve, the first axial sliding member is inserted into the first guide hole, the outer side of the first axial sliding member is connected to the first spring pressing member arranged on the outer side of the support sleeve in the radial direction, and the inner side of the first axial sliding member squeezes the first filling sleeve along the axial direction of the support sleeve; the second guide structure is a second guide hole opened on the cylindrical wall of the support sleeve, the second axial sliding member is inserted into the second guide hole, the outer side of the second axial sliding member is connected to the second spring pressing member arranged on the outer side of the support sleeve in the radial direction, and the inner side of the second axial sliding member squeezes the second filling sleeve along the axial direction of the support sleeve.

[0017] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the above-mentioned dynamic sealing device, further: a stud arranged parallel to the support sleeve is installed on the first end plate, and a first nut and a second nut are respectively installed on the stud, the outer side of the first axial sliding member and the outer side of the second axial sliding member are respectively mounted on the stud, and a first spring in a compressed state is mounted on the stud between the first nut and the outer side of the first axial sliding member to form a first spring holding member, and a second spring in a compressed state is mounted on the stud between the second nut and the outer side of the second axial sliding member to form a second spring holding member.

[0018] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the above-mentioned dynamic sealing device, further: the first sliding sealing filler ring has an end ring portion which is inserted into the radial fitting gap between the first cylinder and the second cylinder and is adapted to the shape and size of the radial fitting gap.

[0019] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the above dynamic sealing device, further: the first sliding sealing packing ring and / or the second sliding sealing packing ring are made of graphite.

[0020] The dynamic sealing device of the present invention forms a triple radial sealing structure by innovatively combining the first sliding sealing packing ring sealing mechanism, the second sliding sealing packing ring sealing mechanism and the air sealing mechanism, which effectively solves the technical problem that the existing dynamic sealing device cannot operate stably and reliably for a long time in harsh environments such as high temperature and corrosion. Specifically, the first sliding sealing packing ring provided at the first end of the annular bracket tightly fills the radial fitting gap between the first cylinder and the second cylinder under the action of the first sliding sealing packing ring extrusion structure, forming a first radial sealing structure; the second sliding sealing packing ring provided at the second end of the annular bracket tightly fills the radial fitting gap between the first cylinder and the annular bracket under the action of the second sliding sealing packing ring extrusion structure, forming a second radial sealing structure; and the air sealing mechanism located between the first sliding sealing packing ring sealing mechanism and the second sliding sealing packing ring sealing mechanism forms a third radial sealing structure in the form of an air seal through the radial fitting between the annular air groove and the first cylinder. The triple radial seal structure works in tandem. If a small leak occurs in the first radial seal, the third radial seal, an airtight seal, prevents further spread of the leak. Simultaneously, the continuous airflow provided by the airtight seal creates a positive pressure barrier, preventing external impurities from entering the sealing area and protecting the sliding packing rings at both ends. The second radial seal acts as a final line of defense, ensuring the overall sealing of the system. This multi-faceted, complementary sealing design significantly improves the reliability and service life of the dynamic seal under harsh operating conditions.

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Additional aspects and advantages provided by the present invention will be partially given in the following description, partially become apparent from the following description, or be learned through practice. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The drawings that constitute a part of this specification are used to assist in understanding the present invention. The contents provided in the drawings and the related descriptions in this specification can be used to explain the present invention, but do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a dynamic sealing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The overall three-dimensional diagram of the cracking and conversion device using the dynamic sealing device shown.

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 External structural diagram of the cracking equipment, combustion equipment and heat supply equipment.

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the cracking equipment.

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Process flow chart of the cracking equipment, combustion equipment and heat supply equipment.

[0028] Marked in the figure are: cracking equipment 1, jacket 11, rotary kiln 12, inner cylinder 121, outer cylinder 122, end cover 123, feed port 124, exhaust port 125, discharge port 126, drive device 127, combustion equipment 2, combustion furnace 21, heat supply equipment 3, flue gas conveying pipeline system 31, high-temperature flue gas conveying pipeline 311, flue gas purification equipment 4, catalytic flue gas desulfurization tower 41, SCR denitrification tower 42, first cylinder 5a, second cylinder 5b, support sleeve 61, first end plate 62a, second end plate 62b, first sliding seal packing ring 63a, second sliding seal packing ring 63b, first axial sliding member 64a, second axial sliding member 64b, first guide hole 65a, second guide hole 65b, stud 66, first nut 67a, second nut 67b, first spring 68a, second spring 68b, first partition 69a, second partition 69b. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention is described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings. A person skilled in the art will be able to implement the present invention based on these descriptions. Before describing the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be noted that:

[0030] The technical solutions and technical features provided in each section, including the following description, may be combined with each other unless they conflict. In addition, where possible, these technical solutions, technical features, and related combinations may be assigned specific technical themes and protected by relevant patents.

[0031] The embodiments of the present invention involved in the following description are generally only a part of the embodiments rather than all the embodiments. Based on these embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work should fall within the scope of patent protection.

[0032] The terms "include," "comprising," "having," and any variations thereof in this specification, the corresponding claims, and related parts are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. Other related terms and units are to be reasonably interpreted based on the relevant content provided in this specification.

[0033] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a dynamic sealing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1The figure shows a dynamic sealing device for rotary material handling equipment. The dynamic sealing device is installed between the first barrel 5a and the second barrel 5b of the rotary material handling equipment. When the rotary material handling equipment is in operation, the first barrel 5a and the second barrel 5b rotate relative to each other, and the second barrel 5b is sleeved on the first barrel 5a.

[0034] The dynamic sealing device includes an annular support, a first sliding seal packing ring sealing mechanism, a second sliding seal packing ring sealing mechanism, and an airtight sealing mechanism. The annular support is sleeved on the first cylinder 5a, and its first end is connected to the corresponding end face of the second cylinder 5b. The annular support includes a support sleeve 61, which is sleeved on the first cylinder 5a and arranged coaxially with the first cylinder 5a. The first end of the support sleeve 61 is connected to the corresponding end face of the second cylinder 5b via a first end plate 62a arranged on the outside of the support sleeve 61 in the radial direction. The second end of the support sleeve 61 is equipped with a second end plate 62b arranged on the inside of the support sleeve 61 in the radial direction, thereby serving as an end cover for the second end of the support sleeve 61.

[0035] The first sliding seal packing ring sealing mechanism is located at the first end of the annular support and includes a first sliding seal packing ring 63a and a first sliding seal packing ring extrusion structure. The first sliding seal packing ring 63a is installed in the first end of the support sleeve 61. Under the extrusion of the first sliding seal packing ring extrusion structure, it tightly fills the radial fit gap between the first and second cylindrical bodies 5a, 5b, thereby forming a first radial seal structure. The first sliding seal packing ring 63a has an end ring portion that is inserted into the radial fit gap between the first and second cylindrical bodies 5a, 5b and matches the shape and size of the radial fit gap.

[0036] The first sliding seal packing ring extrusion structure applies a first axial extrusion force and a first radial extrusion force to the first sliding seal packing ring 63a. Under the action of the first axial extrusion force, the first sliding seal packing ring 63a is tightly fitted with the corresponding end surface of the second cylindrical body 5b. Under the action of the first radial extrusion force, the first sliding seal packing ring 63a is tightly fitted with the cylindrical surface of the first cylindrical body 5a. The first sliding seal packing ring extrusion structure comprises a first packing sleeve, a first axial sliding member 64a, and a first spring holding member. The first packing sleeve is fitted over the first sliding seal packing ring 63a and engages with the first sliding seal packing ring 63a via a first conical mating pair. Under the action of the first spring holding member, the first axial sliding member 64a, guided by a first guide structure provided on the support sleeve 61, presses the first packing sleeve axially along the support sleeve 61, thereby causing the first packing sleeve to apply the first axial extrusion force and the first radial extrusion force to the first sliding seal packing ring 63a via the first conical mating pair.

[0037] The first guide structure is a first guide hole 65a opened on the wall of the support sleeve 61, and the first axial sliding member 64a is inserted into the first guide hole 65a. The outer side of the first axial sliding member 64a is connected to the first spring holding member arranged on the outer side of the support sleeve 61 in the radial direction, and the inner side of the first axial sliding member 64a squeezes the first filler sleeve along the axial direction of the support sleeve 61.

[0038] The second sliding seal packing ring sealing mechanism is located at the second end of the annular support and includes a second sliding seal packing ring 63b and a second sliding seal packing ring extrusion structure. The second sliding seal packing ring 63b is installed in the second end of the support sleeve 61. Under the extrusion effect exerted by the second sliding seal packing ring extrusion structure, the second sliding seal packing ring 63b tightly fills the radial fit gap between the first cylinder 5a and the annular support, thereby forming a second radial seal structure.

[0039] The second sliding seal packing ring extrusion structure applies a second axial extrusion force and a second radial extrusion force to the second sliding seal packing ring 63b. Under the action of the second axial extrusion force, the second sliding seal packing ring 63b is tightly fitted with the corresponding end surface of the second end plate 62b. Under the action of the second radial extrusion force, the second sliding seal packing ring 63b is tightly fitted with the cylindrical surface of the first cylinder 5a. The second sliding seal packing ring extrusion structure comprises a second packing sleeve, a second axial sliding member 64b, and a second spring pressure member. The second packing sleeve is fitted over the second sliding seal packing ring 63b and engages with the second sliding seal packing ring 63b via a second conical surface mating pair. Under the action of the second spring pressure member, the second axial sliding member 64b, guided by a second guide structure provided on the support sleeve 61, presses the second packing sleeve along the axial direction of the support sleeve 61, thereby causing the second packing sleeve to apply the second axial extrusion force and the second radial extrusion force to the second sliding seal packing ring 63b through the second conical surface mating pair.

[0040] The second guide structure is a second guide hole 65b opened on the wall of the support sleeve 61, and the second axial sliding member 64b is inserted into the second guide hole 65b. The outer side of the second axial sliding member 64b is connected to the second spring holding member arranged on the outer side of the support sleeve 61 in the radial direction, and the inner side of the second axial sliding member 64b squeezes the second filler sleeve along the axial direction of the support sleeve 61.

[0041] A stud 66 arranged parallel to the support sleeve 61 is installed on the first end plate 62a, and a first nut 67a and a second nut 67b are respectively installed on the stud 66. The outer side of the first axial sliding member 64a and the outer side of the second axial sliding member 64b are respectively mounted on the stud 66. A first spring 68a in a compressed state is sleeved on the stud 66 between the first nut 67a and the outer side of the first axial sliding member 64a to form a first spring holding member. A second spring 68b in a compressed state is sleeved on the stud 66 between the second nut 67b and the outer side of the second axial sliding member 64b to form a second spring holding member.

[0042] The airtight seal mechanism includes an annular air groove disposed radially inwardly of the annular support, positioned between the first and second sliding seal packing ring seal mechanisms, and thereby sheathed within the first cylindrical body 5a. The annular air groove connects to the sealing gas inlet conduit, and the radial engagement between the annular air groove and the first cylindrical body 5a forms a third radial seal structure that provides an airtight seal. Specifically, the airtight seal mechanism includes a pair of baffles (a first baffle 69a and a second baffle 69b) disposed radially inwardly on the sidewall of the support sleeve 61. The annular air groove is formed between the first and second baffles 69a, 69b, and the support sleeve 61.

[0043] The first sliding sealing packing ring 63a and the second sliding sealing packing ring 63b are made of graphite. Graphite has excellent self-lubricating properties and high temperature resistance, and is suitable for long-term stable operation in a high temperature environment.

[0044] The above-mentioned first packing sleeve can be composed of two independent inner and outer sleeves, wherein the inner sleeve is a tapered sleeve, which is used to cooperate with the tapered surface on the first sliding sealing packing ring 63a to form a first tapered surface matching pair, and the outer sleeve is sleeved on the tapered sleeve, mainly used to clamp the tapered sleeve between the first axial sliding member 64a and the outer sleeve. When the first axial sliding member 64a acts on the inner sleeve, it prevents the inner sleeve from moving radially outward.

[0045] The clearance for the inner sleeve's radial outward movement is designed to accommodate assembly errors. During the actual assembly of large equipment like rotary kilns, manufacturing and installation errors are inevitable between components. These errors are further amplified by thermal expansion in high-temperature environments. By introducing the outer sleeve's constraint on the inner sleeve, a certain degree of assembly error is tolerated, ensuring that the first packing sleeve, through the first conical mating pair, applies the first axial and first radial compressive forces to the first sliding seal packing ring.

[0046] Similarly, the above-mentioned second packing sleeve can be composed of two independent inner and outer sleeves, wherein the inner sleeve is a tapered sleeve, which is used to cooperate with the tapered surface on the second sliding sealing packing ring 63b to form a second tapered surface matching pair, and the outer sleeve is sleeved on the tapered sleeve, mainly used to clamp the tapered sleeve between the second axial sliding member 64b and the outer sleeve, and when the second axial sliding member 64b acts on the inner sleeve, it prevents the inner sleeve from moving radially outward.

[0047] In this embodiment, the rotary material processing equipment is a rotary kiln, one of the first cylinder 5a and the second cylinder 5b is a material processing channel of the rotary kiln, and the other is a material input / output channel.

[0048] The dynamic sealing device of the present invention forms a triple radial sealing structure by innovatively combining the first sliding seal packing ring sealing mechanism, the second sliding seal packing ring sealing mechanism and the air sealing mechanism, which effectively solves the technical problem that the existing dynamic sealing device cannot operate stably and reliably for a long time in harsh environments such as high temperature and corrosion. The triple radial sealing structures cooperate with each other and work in coordination. When a small leak occurs in the first radial sealing structure, the third radial sealing structure in the form of an air seal can prevent the leakage from further spreading; at the same time, the continuous airflow provided by the air sealing mechanism forms a positive pressure barrier to prevent external impurities from entering the sealing area and protect the first sliding seal packing ring 63a and the second sliding seal packing ring 63b; and the second radial sealing structure serves as the last line of defense to ensure the overall sealing of the system. This multi-protection and mutually complementary sealing structure design significantly improves the reliability and service life of the dynamic sealing device under harsh working conditions.

[0049] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The overall three-dimensional diagram of the cracking and conversion device using the dynamic sealing device shown. Figure 3 for Figure 2 External structural diagram of the cracking equipment, combustion equipment and heat supply equipment. Figure 4 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the cracking equipment. Figure 5 for Figure 2 Process flow chart of cracking equipment, combustion equipment and heat supply equipment. Figure 2-Figure 5 As shown, the cracking and conversion device of the embodiment of the present invention includes: a cracking device 1, a combustion device 2, a heat supply device 3 and a flue gas purification device 4.

[0050] Pyrolysis equipment 1 is used to pyrolyze organic feedstock (specifically, organic solid waste) to produce volatile pyrolysis products and a solid carbonaceous residue. Combustion equipment 2 uses the volatile pyrolysis products as fuel to generate heat. Heat supply equipment 3 transfers at least a portion of the heat to pyrolysis equipment 1 for pyrolysis production. Flue gas purification equipment 4 performs both desulfurization and denitrification on the exhaust gas discharged from jacket 11.

[0051] In this embodiment, the cracking apparatus 1 utilizes a cracking furnace heated by a jacket 11, specifically, an externally heated rotary kiln 12 heated by the jacket 11. The rotary kiln 12 comprises an inner cylinder 121, an outer cylinder 122, and an end cap 123 connecting the inner and outer cylinders 121, 122. The jacket 11 is formed between the inner and outer cylinders 121, 122. A feed port 124 is provided at the feed end of the inner cylinder 121, and an exhaust port 125 and a discharge port 126 are provided at the discharge end of the inner cylinder 121. The rotary kiln 12 is driven to rotate by a drive device 127, causing the organic solid waste to move from the feed end to the discharge end within the inner cylinder 121.

[0052] The aforementioned dynamic sealing device is installed between the feed pipe where the feed port 124 is located and the inner cylinder 121. In this case, the feed pipe where the feed port 124 is located serves as the first cylinder 5a (stationary cylinder), and the inner cylinder 121 serves as the second cylinder 5b (rotating cylinder). In addition, a fixed cylinder cover (equivalent to the fixed cylinder) is installed at the discharge end of the inner cylinder 121. The aforementioned dynamic sealing device is installed between the cylinder cover and the inner cylinder 121. In this case, the inner cylinder 121 serves as the first cylinder 5a (rotating cylinder), and the cylinder cover serves as the second cylinder 5b (stationary cylinder).

[0053] During the cracking process, the volatile cracking products generated in the inner cylinder 121 are key resources for energy recovery and utilization of the system. If they leak due to poor sealing, it will not only cause energy waste, but may also cause environmental pollution and safety hazards. Especially in the cracking process of organic solid waste, volatile cracking products often contain corrosive gases and tar components. This high-temperature, highly corrosive environment places high demands on the dynamic sealing device. The dynamic sealing device of the present invention forms a main sealing barrier at the feed end through a first sliding sealing packing ring sealing mechanism, a gas sealing mechanism forms a secondary protective layer in the middle, and a second sliding sealing packing ring sealing mechanism serves as the final line of defense, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the cracking equipment 1 under harsh working conditions, effectively preventing the leakage of volatile cracking products and the infiltration of external air, and ensuring the oxygen-isolated environment of the cracking process and the energy utilization efficiency of the system.

[0054] Combustion equipment 2, comprising a furnace 21, is located near the discharge end of the rotary kiln 12. Furnace 21 is connected to the exhaust port 125 of the rotary kiln 12 via a pipeline and is configured to receive and combust the volatile pyrolysis products generated by the rotary kiln 12. Furnace 21 includes a mixing chamber (for thorough mixing of the volatile pyrolysis products with air), a combustion chamber, and an ignition device to ensure thorough combustion of the volatile pyrolysis products.

[0055] The heat supply device 3 includes a flue gas pipeline system 31, which transports the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion furnace 21 to the jacket 11 of the rotary kiln 12. In this embodiment, the heat supply device 3 includes three high-temperature flue gas pipelines 311, which respectively transport the high-temperature flue gas to different areas of the jacket 11 (the front, middle, and rear areas of the jacket 11). This achieves separate heating of different areas of the rotary kiln 12 and optimizes the cracking effect. The first high-temperature flue gas conveying pipeline 311 conveys the high-temperature flue gas to the area of ​​the jacket 11 near the discharge end of the inner drum 121. This area is the high-temperature cracking zone, with a temperature typically controlled between 450°C and 600°C (the temperature is controlled by controlling the high-temperature flue gas flow rate, the same below). The second high-temperature flue gas conveying pipeline 311 conveys the high-temperature flue gas to the area of ​​the jacket 11 corresponding to the middle of the inner drum 121. This area is the medium-temperature cracking zone, with a temperature typically controlled between 350°C and 450°C (excluding 450°C). The third high-temperature flue gas conveying pipeline 311 conveys the high-temperature flue gas to the area of ​​the jacket 11 near the feed end of the inner drum 121. This area is the low-temperature preheating zone, with a temperature typically controlled between 200°C and 350°C (excluding 350°C). This zoned heating design allows the organic solid waste to undergo the complete process of preheating, medium-temperature cracking, and high-temperature cracking within the rotary kiln 12, improving cracking efficiency and product quality.

[0056] Specifically, in the low-temperature preheating zone, the organic solid waste first undergoes drying and preliminary pyrolysis processes, the water is evaporated, and some easily decomposable organic matter begins to crack. This stage can avoid agglomeration or violent reactions caused by a sudden rise in material temperature; in the medium-temperature cracking zone, the main structure of the organic solid waste begins to decompose, and large-molecule organic matter breaks down into small-molecule substances, producing a large amount of volatile cracking products; in the high-temperature cracking zone, the complete cracking of residual organic matter is further promoted, while the carbon content and preliminary pore structure of the solid carbonaceous residue are increased, which can lay the foundation for the subsequent preparation of high-quality activated carbon. This temperature gradient design is consistent with the thermodynamic and kinetic characteristics of organic matter cracking, can improve the yield and quality of volatile cracking products, and ensure that the solid carbonaceous residue has the required physical and chemical properties.

[0057] The cracking and conversion unit also includes a flue gas purification device 4 for purifying the exhaust gas discharged from the jacket 11. This flue gas purification device 4 comprises a catalytic flue gas desulfurization tower 41 and an SCR denitrification tower 42, connected in sequence. The catalytic flue gas desulfurization tower 41 is filled with an activated carbon-based catalyst, which removes sulfur oxides from the exhaust gas through a catalytic oxidation reaction. Solid particulate matter in the exhaust gas is also effectively adsorbed by the activated carbon-based catalyst. The SCR denitrification tower 42 utilizes selective catalytic reduction technology. By injecting a reducing agent (such as aqueous ammonia or urea solution) and using the catalyst, nitrogen oxides in the flue gas are reduced to nitrogen and water. This desulfurization-first, denitrification-second process effectively addresses the environmental challenges associated with treating sulfur-containing organic solid waste (such as leather waste and waste tires) and nitrogen-containing organic solid waste (such as livestock and poultry manure).

[0058] The structure and principle of the catalytic flue gas desulfurization tower 41 are already known and can be found in several patent documents applied for and published by Chengdu Daqi Technology Co., Ltd., and will not be described in detail here.

[0059] The pyrolysis conversion device of this embodiment operates as follows: Organic solid waste (such as lignocellulosic waste, forestry processing residues, agricultural waste, garden waste, industrial organic waste, or livestock and poultry waste) enters the rotary kiln 12 through the feed port 124. As the rotary kiln 12 rotates, the organic solid waste moves along the inner drum 121 toward the discharge end, while being heated by the high-temperature flue gas in the jacket 11 and undergoing pyrolysis in an airtight environment.

[0060] Volatile cracking products (including combustible gases and tar) produced during the cracking process are discharged from exhaust port 125 at the discharge end of rotary kiln 12 and passed through a pipeline into combustion furnace 21, where they mix with air and burn to produce high-temperature flue gas. The solid carbonaceous residue (coke) is discharged from discharge port 126 at the discharge end of rotary kiln 12 and can be used as carbonized material for producing activated carbon.

[0061] The high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion furnace 21 is transported through three high-temperature flue gas pipelines 311 in the heat supply device 3 to different areas of the rotary kiln 12's jacket 11, providing heat for the cracking process. After passing through the jacket 11 and cooling the flue gas, it enters the flue gas purification device 4, where it first passes through a catalytic flue gas desulfurization tower 41 to remove sulfur dioxide, then enters an SCR denitrification tower 42 to remove nitrogen oxides, ultimately achieving emission standards.

[0062] When treating sulfur-containing organic solid wastes such as scrap tires and leather processing waste, the cracking process produces sulfur oxides. When treating nitrogen-containing organic solid wastes such as livestock and poultry manure, the cracking process produces nitrogen oxides. The cracking and conversion device of this embodiment, by installing a catalytic flue gas desulfurization tower 41 and an SCR denitrification tower 42, can effectively purify these pollutants and ensure that emissions meet standards.

[0063] Lignocellulosic waste includes one or more of waste wood, waste bamboo, straw, reeds, corn stalks, and rice straw; forestry processing residues include one or more of sawdust, bark, and furniture manufacturing scraps; agricultural waste includes one or more of fruit peels, fruit shells, tea residues, peanut shells, wheat bran, bean stalks, and rapeseed shells; garden waste includes one or more of leaves, grass clippings, and urban greening prunings; industrial organic waste includes one or more of paper mill residues, textile mill waste, leather processing waste, waste tires, and sewage treatment plant sludge; livestock and poultry breeding waste includes one or more of livestock and poultry manure and slaughterhouse waste.

[0064] The pyrolysis conversion device of this embodiment can also be used as a raw material carbonization device for producing activated carbon. The solid carbonaceous residue produced by pyrolysis has a high carbon content and a preliminary pore structure. Through appropriate activation treatment (such as physical or chemical activation), an activated carbon product with a high specific surface area can be produced. This activated carbon product can be used as an activated carbon-based catalyst.

[0065] The above describes the relevant contents of the present invention. Based on this description, a person skilled in the art will be able to implement the present invention. Based on the above content of this specification, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative efforts should fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic sealing device for rotary material handling equipment, characterized by: include: An annular bracket is disposed between a first cylinder and a second cylinder of the rotary material handling equipment, the second cylinder being sleeved on the first cylinder, the first cylinder and the second cylinder rotating relative to each other when the rotary material handling equipment is in operation, the annular bracket being sleeved on the first cylinder and a first end of the annular bracket being connected to a corresponding end surface of the second cylinder, the annular bracket including a support sleeve; A first sliding seal packing ring sealing mechanism is provided at the first end of the annular support and includes a first sliding seal packing ring and a first sliding seal packing ring extrusion structure. The first sliding seal packing ring is squeezed by the first sliding seal packing ring extrusion structure to tightly fill the radial fitting gap between the first cylinder and the second cylinder, thereby forming a first radial sealing structure; a second sliding seal packing ring sealing mechanism, disposed at the second end of the annular support and comprising a second sliding seal packing ring and a second sliding seal packing ring extrusion structure, wherein the second sliding seal packing ring is tightly filled in the radial fitting gap between the first cylinder and the annular support under the extrusion action of the second sliding seal packing ring extrusion structure, thereby forming a second radial sealing structure; and The air sealing mechanism includes an annular gas groove disposed on the inner side of the annular support in the radial direction and located between the first sliding seal packing ring sealing mechanism and the second sliding seal packing ring sealing mechanism, thereby being sleeved on the first cylinder, the annular gas groove being connected to the sealing gas inlet pipe, and a third radial sealing structure forming an airtight seal at the radial fitting between the annular gas groove and the first cylinder; The first sliding seal packing ring extrusion structure includes a first packing sleeve, a first axial sliding member, and a first spring pressing member. The first packing sleeve is sleeved on the first sliding seal packing ring and cooperates with the first sliding seal packing ring via a first conical surface matching pair. Under the action of the first spring pressing member, the first axial sliding member is guided by a first guide structure provided on the support sleeve to extrude the first packing sleeve along the axial direction of the support sleeve, thereby causing the first packing sleeve to apply a first axial extrusion force and a first radial extrusion force to the first sliding seal packing ring via the first conical surface matching pair. The second sliding sealing packing ring extrusion structure includes a second packing sleeve, a second axial sliding component and a second spring pressing component. The second packing sleeve is sleeved on the second sliding sealing packing ring and cooperates with the second sliding sealing packing ring through a second conical surface matching pair. Under the action of the second spring pressing component, the second axial sliding component is guided by the second guide structure provided on the support sleeve to extrude the second packing sleeve along the axial direction of the support sleeve, thereby causing the second packing sleeve to apply a second axial extrusion force and a second radial extrusion force to the second sliding sealing packing ring through the second conical surface matching pair.

2. The dynamic sealing device for rotary material handling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary material processing equipment is a rotary kiln, one of the first cylinder and the second cylinder is a material processing channel of the rotary kiln, and the other is a material input / output channel.

3. The dynamic sealing device for rotary material handling equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotary kiln is a carbonization rotary kiln for the preparation of activated carbon or an activation rotary kiln for the preparation of activated carbon; the carbonization rotary kiln for the preparation of activated carbon is used to process the raw materials for the preparation of activated carbon into carbonized materials, and the carbonized materials are used to be activated to prepare activated carbon; the activation rotary kiln for the preparation of activated carbon is used to activate the carbonized materials to prepare activated carbon.

4. The dynamic sealing device for rotary material handling equipment according to claim 1, wherein: The support sleeve is sleeved on the first cylinder and is coaxially arranged with the first cylinder. The first end of the support sleeve is connected to the corresponding end face of the second cylinder through a first end plate arranged on the outer side in the radial direction of the support sleeve. The second end of the support sleeve is installed with a second end plate arranged on the inner side in the radial direction of the support sleeve, thereby serving as an end cover of the second end of the support sleeve. The first sliding sealing packing ring is installed in the first end of the support sleeve, and the second sliding sealing packing ring is installed in the second end of the support sleeve. The air sealing mechanism includes a pair of partitions arranged on the side wall on the inner side of the support sleeve in the radial direction, and an annular air groove is formed between the pair of partitions and the support sleeve.

5. The dynamic sealing device for rotary material handling equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first sliding sealing packing ring extrusion structure applies a first axial extrusion force and a first radial extrusion force to the first sliding sealing packing ring, so that the first sliding sealing packing ring is tightly fitted with the corresponding end surface of the second cylinder under the action of the first axial extrusion force, and the first sliding sealing packing ring is tightly fitted with the cylindrical surface of the first cylinder under the action of the first radial extrusion force; The second sliding sealing packing ring extrusion structure applies a second axial extrusion force and a second radial extrusion force to the second sliding sealing packing ring. Under the action of the second axial extrusion force, the second sliding sealing packing ring fits tightly with the corresponding end face of the second end plate. Under the action of the second radial extrusion force, the second sliding sealing packing ring fits tightly with the cylindrical surface of the first cylinder.

6. The dynamic sealing device for rotary material handling equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first sliding sealing filler ring has an end ring portion which is inserted into the radial fitting gap between the first cylinder and the second cylinder and is adapted to the shape and size of the radial fitting gap.

7. The dynamic sealing device for rotary material handling equipment according to claim 1, wherein: The first guide structure is a first guide hole formed on the wall of the support sleeve. The first axial sliding member is inserted into the first guide hole. The outer portion of the first axial sliding member is connected to a first spring holding member provided on the outer side of the support sleeve in the radial direction. The inner portion of the first axial sliding member presses the first filler sleeve in the axial direction of the support sleeve. The second guide structure is a second guide hole opened on the wall of the support sleeve, the second axial sliding member is passed through the second guide hole, the outer side of the second axial sliding member is connected to the second spring holding member arranged on the outer side of the support sleeve in the radial direction, and the inner side of the second axial sliding member squeezes the second filler sleeve along the axial direction of the support sleeve.

8. The dynamic sealing device for rotary material handling equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: A stud arranged parallel to the supporting sleeve is installed on the first end plate, and a first nut and a second nut are respectively installed on the stud. The outer side of the first axial sliding member and the outer side of the second axial sliding member are respectively sleeved on the stud. A first spring in a compressed state is sleeved on the stud between the first nut and the outer side of the first axial sliding member to form a first spring pressing member, and a second spring in a compressed state is sleeved on the stud between the second nut and the outer side of the second axial sliding member to form a second spring pressing member.

9. The dynamic sealing device for rotary material handling equipment according to claim 1, wherein: The first sliding seal packing ring and / or the second sliding seal packing ring are made of graphite.

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