Outdoor lightning protection transformer

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of transformers, and particularly relates to an outdoor lightning protection transformer which comprises a base, and a transformer body is fixedly mounted at the top of the base; the four corners of the top of the transformer body are fixedly connected with a cooling box through supporting columns; a lifting seat is mounted at the top of the cooling box; lightning arresters are fixedly connected to the two ends of the top of the lifting seat; a lightning rod is arranged in the middle of the lifting seat, and the outer side of the lightning rod is sleeved with an insulating sleeve. The movable plate drives the protective cover to move towards the lightning rod at the same time until the lightning rod is tightly clamped; the insulating sleeve is protected inside the protective cover, so that corrosive substances can be isolated from being in contact with the insulating sleeve, and damage of corrosion to the insulating sleeve is reduced; the installation stability of the lightning rod is improved, external force damage caused by severe weather such as strong wind, heavy rain and violent snow is prevented, and lightning protection of various transformers such as an intelligent large transformer, a direct current converter transformer and an intelligent reactance transformer is not affected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of transformers, in particular to an outdoor lightning protection transformer. Background Art

[0002] A transformer is a static electrical device used to convert AC voltage and current to transmit AC power. It achieves power transmission based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. Existing transformers can be divided into various types, such as intelligent large transformers, branch converter transformers, and intelligent reactor transformers. They are key equipment supporting power transmission and distribution systems. Transformers usually also have lightning protection functions and are used for lightning protection in outdoor environments.

[0003] A Chinese patent with publication number CN117831905B discloses an outdoor lightning protection transformer, including a transformer body, a water tank and a lightning protection component, wherein the lightning protection component includes a base, a lightning rod and two lightning arresters, the base is fixed to the top of the water tank by an insulating block, the lightning rod and the two lightning arresters are fixed to the top of the base, and the lightning rod is also provided with an insulating sleeve, the lightning rod is electrically connected to the base, and the base is grounded; when the temperature of the transformer body is higher, the expansion degree of the thermal expansion medium is greater, so the distance the sliding rod moves upward is greater, and the radius of the block on the sliding rod gradually decreases from top to bottom, when the block with a smaller radius is located in the water outlet, the gap between the water outlet and the block is larger, so the flow rate of water out of the water outlet is greater, and vice versa, thereby achieving that when the temperature of the transformer body is higher, the flow rate of the water outlet is greater, and the cooling effect on the transformer body is higher, when the water inlet temperature of the transformer body is slightly higher, the flow rate of the water outlet is low, saving the loss of water in the water tank and reducing the workload of the staff in replenishing water.

[0004] In the current existing technology, an insulating sleeve is provided on the lightning rod, which has the functions of electrical isolation, mechanical protection, and corrosion resistance. However, the insulating sleeve is exposed to the outdoor air and will age after being exposed to wind, sun and rain for a long time, resulting in a gradual decline in insulation performance, making it impossible to effectively isolate high voltages, and may even crack or fall off, thereby losing its protective effect on the lightning rod.

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides an outdoor lightning protection transformer. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background technology is solved.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: an outdoor lightning protection transformer according to the present invention comprises a base, a transformer body is fixedly mounted on the top of the base; a cooling box is fixedly connected to the four corners of the top of the transformer body through pillars; a lifting seat is mounted on the top of the cooling box; lightning arresters are fixedly connected to both ends of the top of the lifting seat; a lightning rod is provided in the middle of the lifting seat, an insulating sleeve is provided on the outer side of the lightning rod, and the insulating sleeve is mounted on the top of the lifting seat; a protective mechanism is provided on the outer side of the insulating sleeve; The protective mechanism includes two protective covers, and two movable plates are symmetrically fixed to the outer walls of the protective covers; four fixed plates are fixed to the top of the movable seat, wherein a bidirectional ball screw is rotatably connected between two of the fixed plates, and the two movable plates on the same side are symmetrically threaded on the bidirectional ball screw; one end of the bidirectional ball screw is fixed with a rotating block; two guide rods are fixed between the other two fixed plates, and the two movable plates on the other side are slidably connected to the two guide rods.

[0008] Preferably, sealing rings are fixed on the inner side walls of the tops of the protective covers, and the sealing rings are tightly fitted with the outer sides of the lightning rods respectively; placement grooves are provided on the inner walls of the protective covers, and water-absorbing silica gel is placed in the placement grooves; a clip strip is fixed on the inner side walls of one of the protective covers, and a clip slot is provided on the inner side walls of the other protective cover, and the clip strip cooperates with the clip slot.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of heat sinks are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the transformer body, and a scraper is sleeved on the outer side of the plurality of heat sinks on the same side; sliding columns are slidably connected to the four corners of the scraper; one end of the sliding column is fixed to the groove on the transformer body; a second spring is fixed to the outer side of the sliding column; one end of the second spring is fixed to the inner wall of the groove; the other end of the second spring is fixed to the scraper; a notch is opened on the scraper; and a driving mechanism is provided between two adjacent scrapers.

[0010] Preferably, the driving mechanism is provided with two groups, and is arranged on two diagonal pillars; the driving mechanism includes a cam block and a motor; the motors are respectively arranged inside the pillars; the output shafts of the motors are fixedly connected to the cam blocks, and the bottoms of the pillars are each provided with movable openings; the cam blocks are respectively movable in the movable openings and respectively contact the two adjacent scrapers.

[0011] Preferably, a heat transfer mechanism is provided between the transformer body and the cooling box; the heat transfer mechanism includes a plurality of sleeves; a plurality of heat conducting plates are fixedly connected to the bottom of the sleeves, and the heat conducting plates are fixedly connected to the top of the transformer body; a sliding rod is slidably connected in the sleeve, and a piston plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding rod; the piston plate is fitted with the inner wall of the sleeve; a plug is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding rod; the plug is set to an inverted frustum shape; a plurality of liquid outlets are opened at the bottom of the cooling box, and the liquid outlets cooperate with the plug; a first spring is sleeved on the outer side of the sliding rod, and the two ends of the first spring are respectively fixed to the piston plate and the top inner wall of the sleeve; an oil chamber is provided at the bottom of the piston plate and the sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, an oil inlet pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the oil chamber; an electromagnetic valve is installed on each of the oil inlet pipes; a water level gauge is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston plate, and the water level gauge is electrically connected to the electromagnetic valve; an oil tank is fixedly connected to the top of the transformer body; an oil delivery pipe is provided between the oil tank and the multiple oil inlet pipes, and an oil pump is installed on one end of the oil delivery pipe close to the oil tank.

[0013] Preferably, drainage grooves are fixedly connected between the pillars, and the drainage grooves are inserted into the outside of multiple sleeves; the inner walls of the bottom of the drainage grooves are set as inclined surfaces, and the two ends of the inclined surfaces are lower than the middle of the inclined surfaces; the two ends of the drainage grooves are connected and fixed with multiple drainage pipes, one end of the drainage pipes is connected and fixed to the heat sink, and a flow cavity is opened inside the heat sink; the heat sink is set to be corrugated.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom of the heat sink is connected and fixedly connected to a liquid outlet pipe; a drainage pipe and two connecting pipes are provided in the base, and the connecting pipes are respectively provided at both ends of the base and connected and fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid outlet pipe; the drainage pipe connects the two connecting pipes in an I-shape; one end of the drainage pipe is connected and fixedly connected to a liquid infusion pipe; one end of the liquid infusion pipe is connected and fixedly connected to a cooling box; a water pump is installed on the liquid infusion pipe, and the water pump is fixedly connected to the outside of the cooling box.

[0015] Preferably, a guide platform is fixedly connected to the outer side of the sliding column, and the top of the guide platform is in contact with the bottom of the plug; an annular electromagnetic block is fixedly connected to the top of the sleeve; a slot is provided at the bottom of the guide platform, and an iron sheet is provided in the slot, and the iron sheet is magnetically attracted to the electromagnetic block; a pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston plate, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the annular electromagnetic block.

[0016] Preferably, a plurality of damping blocks are installed between the bottom of the lifting seat and the bottom inner wall of the cooling box, and a third spring is sleeved on the outer side of each damping block; and the lifting seat is slidably connected to the cooling box.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The outdoor lightning protection transformer described in the present invention is provided with a protective cover, and by rotating a rotary block, the rotary block drives a bidirectional ball screw to rotate, and the bidirectional ball screw drives two movable plates to move simultaneously toward the direction of the lightning rod, and the movable plate drives the protective cover to move simultaneously toward the direction of the lightning rod until the lightning rod is tightly clamped; the protective cover protects the insulating sleeve inside the insulating sleeve, which can isolate the contact between corrosive substances and the insulating sleeve and reduce damage to the insulating sleeve caused by corrosion; the stability of the lightning rod installation is improved, and external force damage caused by severe weather such as strong winds, heavy rains, and blizzards is prevented.

[0018] 2. The outdoor lightning protection transformer described in the present invention cooperates with the cam block, the second spring and the scraper. By turning on the motor, the cam block is driven to rotate by the output shaft of the motor. During the rotation process, the cam block squeezes the two adjacent scrapers respectively, and the dust on the heat sink is scraped off by the scrapers. When the cam block continuously rotates away from the scraper, the scraper is quickly reset under the action of the second spring, completing one scraping, thereby realizing the function of cleaning the heat sink.

[0019] 3. An outdoor lightning protection transformer described in the present invention conducts heat through the heat conducting plate, the temperature of kerosene rises, the volume increases, the piston plate is pushed up, and the sliding rod and the plug are driven to move upward by the piston plate. The first spring is compressed, the plug leaves the liquid outlet, and the coolant in the cooling box flows out through the liquid outlet; and the higher the heat, the larger the volume of the kerosene, the higher the height that the plug is pushed up, the larger the gap between the plug and the liquid outlet, and the more coolant flows out, and the coolant eventually flows to the heat sink, takes away the heat on the heat sink, and accelerates the heat dissipation of the transformer body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion of the lightning rod and the insulating sleeve in the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the drainage trough in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the oil pipeline in the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sleeve of the present invention; Figure 7 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the present invention; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the scraper in the present invention; Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cam block in the present invention; In the figure: 1. base; 2. transformer body; 21. support; 22. drainage groove; 221. sleeve; 222. plug; 223. heat conducting plate; 224. drainage platform; 225. slide bar; 226. first spring; 227. oil chamber; 228. annular electromagnetic block; 229. piston plate; 23. oil tank; 231. oil pump; 232. oil delivery pipe; 233. oil inlet pipe; 24. pressure sensor; 241. water level gauge; 25. heat sink; 251. scraper; 252. notch; 253. slide column; 254. first Second spring; 255, cam block; 26, drain pipe; 261, outlet pipe; 262, connecting pipe; 263, drainage pipe; 264, infusion pipe; 265, water pump; 3, cooling box; 31, damping block; 32, third spring; 4, lifting seat; 41, lightning arrester; 42, lightning rod; 43, fixed plate; 44, protective cover; 45, movable plate; 46, bidirectional ball screw; 47, guide rod; 48, rotary block; 49, insulating sleeve; 410, sealing ring; 411, placement groove; 412, clamping strip; 413, clamping slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an outdoor lightning protection transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a base 1, a transformer body 2 is fixedly mounted on the top of the base 1; a cooling box 3 is fixedly connected to the four corners of the top of the transformer body 2 through pillars 21; a lifting seat 4 is mounted on the top of the cooling box 3; lightning arresters 41 are fixedly connected to both ends of the top of the lifting seat 4; a lightning rod 42 is provided in the middle of the lifting seat 4, an insulating sleeve 49 is provided on the outside of the lightning rod 42, and the insulating sleeve 49 is mounted on the top of the lifting seat 4; a protective mechanism is provided on the outside of the insulating sleeve 49; The protective mechanism includes two protective covers 44, and two movable plates 45 are symmetrically fixed to the outer walls of the protective covers 44; four fixed plates 43 are fixed to the top of the movable seat, wherein a bidirectional ball screw 46 is rotatably connected between two of the fixed plates 43, and the two movable plates 45 on the same side are symmetrically threaded on the bidirectional ball screw 46; one end of the bidirectional ball screw 46 is fixed with a rotary block 48; two guide rods 47 are fixed between the other two fixed plates 43, and the two movable plates 45 on the other side are both slidably connected to the two guide rods 47.

[0024] Existing transformers include intelligent large transformers, DC converter transformers, intelligent reactor transformers, and other types of transformers. Transformers are usually equipped with lightning rods 42 and lightning arresters 41 to provide lightning protection and are used for lightning protection in outdoor environments. The lightning rod 42 is covered with an insulating sleeve 49 for electrical isolation, mechanical protection, and corrosion protection. However, the insulating sleeve 49 is exposed to the outdoor air and is exposed to wind, sun, and rain for a long time, which will age and cause the insulation performance to gradually deteriorate, making it unable to effectively isolate high voltages. It may even crack or fall off, thereby losing its protective function for the lightning rod 42. When the protective mechanism provided by the present invention is used, the lightning rod 42 and the insulating sleeve 49 are first installed on the lifting seat 4, and then the rotary block 48 is rotated to drive the bidirectional ball screw 46 to rotate, and the bidirectional ball screw 46 drives the two movable plates 45 to move simultaneously toward the direction of the lightning rod 42, and the movable plate 45 drives the protective cover 44 to move simultaneously toward the direction of the lightning rod 42 until the lightning rod 42 is tightly clamped; the insulating sleeve 49 is protected inside by the protective cover 44, which can isolate the contact between corrosive substances and the insulating sleeve 49, reduce the damage to the insulating sleeve 49 caused by corrosion, and block the direct exposure of ultraviolet rays to the insulating sleeve 49. and when subjected to external impact, the protective cover 44 can disperse and bear part of the impact force, reduce the impact force directly received by the insulating cover 49, and reduce the risk of deformation and rupture of the insulating cover 49 due to impact; in addition, the protective cover 44 tightly clamps the lightning rod 42, thereby improving the stability of the installation of the lightning rod 42 and preventing external force damage caused by severe weather such as strong winds, heavy rains, and blizzards; during the movement of the protective cover 44, the protective cover 44 slides on the guide rod 47 through the two movable plates 45 on the other side, and the guide rod 47 limits the protective cover 44 to move in the horizontal direction.

[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, a sealing ring 410 is fixed to the inner wall of the top of the protective cover 44, and the sealing ring 410 is tightly fitted with the outer side of the lightning rod 42; a placement groove 411 is opened on the inner wall of the protective cover 44, and water-absorbing silica gel is placed in the placement groove 411; a clamping strip 412 is fixed to the inner wall of one of the protective covers 44, and a clamping slot 413 is opened on the inner wall of the other protective cover 44, and the clamping strip 412 cooperates with the clamping slot 413.

[0026] When in use, the sealing ring 410 provided by the present invention fits tightly against the outer side of the lightning rod 42, forming an effective sealing barrier that prevents rainwater, dust, etc. from entering the interior of the protective cover 44, thereby preventing rainwater from causing a short circuit between the lightning rod 42 and the lightning arrester 41. It also reduces the accumulation of dust on these components, which could affect their normal operation. When lightning strikes the lightning rod 42, the good seal prevents the arc from flashing along the outer wall of the protective cover 44, ensuring that the current is conducted to the ground through a predetermined path. Water-absorbing silica gel is placed in the placement groove 411 on the inner wall of the protective cover 44 to absorb moisture inside the protective cover 44, keep the internal air dry, and extend the service life of the insulating sleeve 49; The cooperation between the clamping strip 412 and the clamping slot 413 facilitates improving the installation efficiency of the two protective covers 44 , while achieving a tighter connection between the protective covers 44 , thereby enhancing the integrity and stability of the entire protective mechanism.

[0027] like Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, multiple heat sinks 25 are fixed to the outer wall of the transformer body 2, and scrapers 251 are sleeved on the outer sides of the multiple heat sinks 25 on the same side; sliding posts 253 are slidably connected to the four corners of the scraper 251; one end of the sliding post 253 is fixed to the groove on the transformer body 2; a second spring 254 is fixed to the outer side of the sliding post 253; one end of the second spring 254 is fixed to the inner wall of the groove; the other end of the second spring 254 is fixed to the scraper 251; a notch 252 is opened on the scraper 251; a driving mechanism is provided between two adjacent scrapers 251.

[0028] A plurality of heat sinks 25 are provided on the outer walls of various transformers such as intelligent large transformers, DC converter transformers, and intelligent reactor transformers for facilitating heat dissipation. Dust is easily adhered to the heat sink 25, and the dust is easily washed away on rainy days. However, in arid areas, when there is little rain, it is inconvenient to clean the heat sink 25, which affects the heat dissipation effect of the heat sink 25. The scraper 251 provided by the present invention is used to clean the dust on the heat sink 25 when in use. By starting the driving mechanism, the driving mechanism and the second spring 254 cooperate to drive the scraper 251 to reciprocate, scraping off the dust on the heat sink, thereby realizing the function of cleaning the heat sink 25 and facilitating the heat dissipation of the heat sink 25.

[0029] like Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the driving mechanism is provided with two groups and is arranged on two diagonal pillars 21; the driving mechanism includes a cam block 255 and a motor; the motors are respectively arranged inside the pillars 21; the output shafts of the motors are fixedly connected to the cam blocks 255, and the bottoms of the pillars 21 are each provided with a movable opening; the cam blocks 255 are respectively movable in the movable openings and are respectively in contact with two adjacent scrapers 251.

[0030] When the cam block 255 provided by the present invention is in use, the motor is turned on and the cam block 255 is driven to rotate by the output shaft of the motor. During the rotation process, the cam block 255 squeezes the two adjacent scrapers 251 respectively, and the dust on the heat sink 25 is scraped off by the scrapers 251. When the cam block 255 continuously rotates away from the scraper 251, the scraper 251 is quickly reset under the action of the second spring 254, completing one scraping, thereby realizing the function of cleaning the heat sink 25.

[0031] like Figures 4 to 6 As shown, a heat transfer mechanism is provided between the transformer body 2 and the cooling box 3; the heat transfer mechanism includes a plurality of sleeves 221; a plurality of heat conducting plates 223 are fixed to the bottom of the sleeves 221, and the heat conducting plates 223 are fixed to the top of the transformer body 2; a sliding rod 225 is slidably connected in the sleeve 221, and a piston plate 229 is fixed to the bottom of the sliding rod 225; the piston plate 229 is in contact with the inner wall of the sleeve 221; a plug 222 is fixed to the top of the sliding rod 225; the plug 222 is set to an inverted frustum; a plurality of liquid outlets are provided at the bottom of the cooling box 3, and the liquid outlets cooperate with the plug 222; a first spring 226 is sleeved on the outer side of the sliding rod 225, and the two ends of the first spring 226 are respectively fixed to the piston plate 229 and the top inner wall of the sleeve 221; an oil chamber 227 is provided at the bottom of the piston plate 229 and the sleeve 221.

[0032] When the heat transfer mechanism provided by the present invention is in use, a variety of transformers such as intelligent large transformers, DC converter transformers, and intelligent reactor transformers generate a lot of heat. When the external environment is high and the heat dissipation effect of the heat sink 25 is poor, the heat on the transformer body 2 will increase, and the heat is conducted through the heat conducting plate 223. Kerosene is placed in the oil cavity 227, and an expansion filler layer is tightly attached to the inner wall of the oil cavity 227. The thermal expansion and contraction coefficient of kerosene is 1.0×10-3℃, that is, when the temperature of kerosene rises by 1℃, its volume will increase by 1.0×10-3 times the original volume. Through the increase in volume, the piston plate 229 is pushed upward, and the piston plate 229 drives the slide rod 225 and the blocking rod 229 to move. The head 222 moves upward, the first spring 226 is compressed, the plug 222 leaves the liquid outlet, and the coolant in the cooling box 3 flows out through the liquid outlet; and the higher the heat, the larger the volume of the kerosene, the higher the height of the plug 222 is lifted, the larger the gap between the plug 222 and the liquid outlet, and the more coolant flows out. The coolant eventually flows to the heat sink 25, takes away the heat on the heat sink 25, and accelerates the heat dissipation of the transformer body; when the temperature of the transformer body 2 is lowered, after a period of time, the temperature of the kerosene is lowered, and the volume of the oil chamber 227 becomes smaller. Under the action of the first spring 226, the piston plate 229, the sliding column 253 and the plug 222 are reset, and the coolant no longer flows down.

[0033] like Figure 5 As shown, an oil inlet pipe 233 is fixedly connected to one side of the oil chamber 227; an electromagnetic valve is installed on each of the oil inlet pipes 233; a water level gauge 241 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston plate 229, and the water level gauge 241 is electrically connected to the electromagnetic valve; an oil tank 23 is fixedly connected to the top of the transformer body 2; an oil delivery pipe 232 is provided between the oil tank 23 and the multiple oil inlet pipes 233, and an oil pump 231 is installed at one end of the oil delivery pipe 232 close to the oil tank 23.

[0034] Kerosene is used in the oil chamber 227 to complete thermal expansion and contraction and lubricate the friction between the piston plate 229 and the sleeve 221, so there will be a certain loss of kerosene. Too little kerosene is not conducive to promoting thermal expansion and contraction. The water level gauge 241 provided by the present invention is used to monitor the oil amount in the oil chamber 227 when in use. When the oil amount is less than the set value, the solenoid valve and the oil pump 231 are started. The oil pump 231 transports the kerosene in the oil tank 23 to the oil chamber 227 through the oil pipe 232 and the oil inlet pipe 233; the solenoid valve is set as a one-way valve, and the kerosene in the oil chamber 227 will not flow into the oil inlet pipe 233.

[0035] like Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, drainage grooves 22 are fixedly connected between the pillars 21, and the drainage grooves 22 are inserted into the outside of multiple sleeves 221; the inner walls of the bottom of the drainage grooves 22 are set as inclined surfaces, and the two ends of the inclined surfaces are lower than the middle of the inclined surfaces; the two ends of the drainage grooves 22 are connected and fixed with multiple drainage pipes 26, and one end of the drainage pipes 26 is connected and fixed to the heat sink 25, and a flow cavity is opened inside the heat sink 25; the heat sink 25 is set to be corrugated.

[0036] When the drainage groove 22 provided by the present invention is in use, the coolant in the cooling box 3 flows into the drainage groove 22 through the liquid outlet. Under the action of gravity, the coolant in the drainage groove 22 flows to the drain pipe 26 at both ends respectively. The coolant in the drain pipe 26 flows downward to the flow cavity inside the heat sink 25, taking away the heat of the heat sink 25; and the heat sink 25 is set to a corrugated shape to extend the contact time between the coolant and the heat sink 25.

[0037] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the bottom of the heat sink 25 is connected and fixedly connected with a liquid outlet pipe 261; a drainage pipe 263 and two connecting pipes 262 are provided in the base 1, and the connecting pipes 262 are respectively provided at both ends of the base 1, and are connected and fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid outlet pipe 261; the drainage pipe 263 connects the two connecting pipes 262 in an I-shape; one end of the drainage pipe 263 is connected and fixedly connected with a liquid infusion pipe 264; one end of the liquid infusion pipe 264 is connected and fixedly connected to the cooling box 3; a water pump 265 is installed on the liquid infusion pipe 264, and the water pump 265 is fixedly connected to the outside of the cooling box 3.

[0038] When the infusion tube 264 and the connecting tube 262 provided by the present invention are in use, the coolant in the flow cavity takes away the heat of the heat sink 25 during the flow process. By turning on the water pump 265, the circulation of the coolant is facilitated. The water pump 265 is turned on during the flow of the coolant, so that the coolant flows through the liquid outlet pipe 261 to the connecting tube 262. The coolant in the connecting tube 262 flows upward through the infusion tube 264 and finally flows back into the cooling box 3, thereby realizing the circulation of the coolant.

[0039] like Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the outer side of the sliding column 253 is fixedly connected with a guide platform 224, and the top of the guide platform 224 is in contact with the bottom of the plug 222; the top of the sleeve 221 is fixedly connected with an annular electromagnetic block 228; the bottom of the guide platform 224 is provided with a slot, and an iron sheet is provided in the slot, and the iron sheet is magnetically attracted to the electromagnetic block; the bottom of the piston plate 229 is fixedly connected with a pressure sensor 24, and the pressure sensor 24 is electrically connected to the annular electromagnetic block 228.

[0040] When in use, the diversion platform 224 provided by the present invention diverts the coolant to one side of the sleeve 221 to prevent the coolant from sliding through the slide rod 225 and flowing in the sleeve 221; and an annular electromagnetic block 228 is fixedly connected to the top of the sleeve 221. When the kerosene temperature drops, the pressure of the pressure sensor 24 decreases. When the pressure drops to the set value, it means that the kerosene has not expanded. At this time, the annular electromagnetic block 228 is energized to magnetically attract the iron sheet, so that the plug 222 fits tightly against the liquid outlet and stops discharging. If the pressure is higher than the set value, it means that the kerosene has expanded, and the annular electromagnetic block 228 is quickly de-energized without affecting the upward movement of the diversion platform 224, the plug 222, the slide column 253 and the piston plate 229.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of damping blocks 31 are installed between the bottom of the lifting seat 4 and the bottom inner wall of the cooling box 3 , and a third spring 32 is sleeved on the outer side of each damping block 31 ; the lifting seat 4 is slidably connected to the cooling box 3 .

[0042] When the damping block 31 and the third spring 32 provided by the present invention are in use, when lightning strikes the lightning rod 42, a huge instantaneous impact force will be generated. The damping block 31 can absorb and dissipate this energy. The third spring 32 can also buffer the external force through elastic deformation during compression or tension, thereby reducing vibration and impact force; preventing excessive vibration from causing the connection between the lightning rod 42 and the connecting component to loosen, thereby causing poor contact; and the lightning rod 42 may deviate from the correct position or angle due to vibration, which may affect its attraction and guidance effect on lightning.

[0043] Working Principle: Existing transformers include intelligent large transformers, DC converter transformers, intelligent reactor transformers, and other types of transformers. Transformers are usually equipped with lightning rods 42 and lightning arresters 41 to provide lightning protection and are used for lightning protection in outdoor environments. The lightning rod 42 is covered with an insulating sleeve 49 for electrical isolation, mechanical protection, and corrosion protection. However, the insulating sleeve 49 is exposed to the outdoor air for a long time and will age due to exposure to wind, sun, and rain. This will cause the insulation performance to gradually deteriorate, making it unable to effectively isolate high voltages. It may even crack or fall off, thereby losing its protective function for the lightning rod 42. First, the lightning rod 42 and the insulating sleeve 49 are installed on the lifting seat 4, and then the rotating block 48 is rotated to drive the bidirectional ball screw 46 to rotate, and the bidirectional ball screw 46 drives the two movable plates 45 to move toward the direction of the lightning rod 42 at the same time, and the movable plate 45 drives the protective cover 44 to move toward the direction of the lightning rod 42 at the same time until the lightning rod 42 is tightly clamped; the insulating sleeve 49 is protected inside by the protective cover 44, which can isolate the contact between corrosive substances and the insulating sleeve 49, reduce the damage to the insulating sleeve 49 caused by corrosion; it can block the direct exposure of ultraviolet rays to the insulating sleeve 49, reduce the damage to the insulating sleeve 49 ages faster due to long-term exposure to sunlight; and when subjected to external force impact, the protective cover 44 can disperse and bear part of the impact force, reduce the impact force directly borne by the insulating sleeve 49, and reduce the risk of deformation and rupture of the insulating sleeve 49 due to impact; in addition, the protective cover 44 tightly clamps the lightning rod 42, improves the stability of the installation of the lightning rod 42, and prevents external force damage caused by severe weather such as strong winds, heavy rain, and blizzards; during the movement of the protective cover 44, the protective cover 44 slides on the guide rod 47 through the two movable plates 45 on the other side, and the guide rod 47 limits the protective cover 44 to move in the horizontal direction.

[0044] A plurality of heat sinks 25 are provided on the outer walls of various transformers such as intelligent large transformers, DC converter transformers, and intelligent reactor transformers for facilitating heat dissipation. Dust easily adheres to the heat sink 25, and the dust is easily washed away on rainy days. However, in arid areas with little rain, it is inconvenient to clean the heat sink 25, which affects the heat dissipation effect of the heat sink 25. By turning on the motor, the cam block 255 is driven to rotate by the output shaft of the motor. During the rotation, the cam block 255 squeezes the two adjacent scrapers 251 respectively, and the dust on the heat sink 25 is scraped off by the scrapers 251. When the cam block 255 continuously rotates away from the scraper 251, the scraper 251 is quickly reset under the action of the second spring 254, completing one scraping, thereby realizing the function of cleaning the heat sink 25.

[0045] When the external environment is high and the heat dissipation effect of the heat sink 25 is poor, the heat on the transformer body 2 will increase, and the heat is conducted through the heat conducting sheet 223. Kerosene is placed in the oil cavity 227, and an expansion filler layer is tightly attached to the inner wall of the oil cavity 227. The thermal expansion and contraction coefficient of kerosene is 1.0×10-3℃, that is, when the temperature of kerosene rises by 1℃, its volume will increase by 1.0×10-3 times of the original volume. Through the increase in volume, the piston plate 229 is pushed upward, and the sliding rod 225 and the plug 222 are driven upward by the piston plate 229. The first spring 226 is compressed, and the plug 222 Leaving the liquid outlet, the coolant in the cooling box 3 flows out through the liquid outlet; and the higher the heat, the larger the volume of kerosene, the higher the height of the plug 222 is lifted, the larger the gap between the plug 222 and the liquid outlet, and the more coolant flows out. The coolant eventually flows to the heat sink 25, taking away the heat on the heat sink 25, and accelerating the heat dissipation of the transformer body; when the temperature of the transformer body 2 is lowered, after a period of time, the temperature of the kerosene is lowered, and the volume of the oil chamber 227 becomes smaller. Under the action of the first spring 226, the piston plate 229, the sliding column 253 and the plug 222 are reset, and the coolant no longer flows down. The coolant in the cooling box 3 flows into the drainage groove 22 through the liquid outlet. Under the action of gravity, the coolant in the drainage groove 22 flows to the drain pipe 26 at both ends respectively. The coolant in the drain pipe 26 flows downward to the flow cavity inside the heat sink 25, taking away the heat of the heat sink 25; the coolant in the flow cavity takes away the heat of the heat sink 25 during the flow process. By turning on the water pump 265, the circulation of the coolant is facilitated. The water pump 265 is turned on during the flow of the coolant, so that the coolant flows through the liquid outlet pipe 261 to the connecting pipe 262. The coolant in the connecting pipe 262 flows upward through the infusion pipe 264 and finally flows back to the cooling box 3, realizing the circulation of the coolant.

[0046] The coolant is drained to one side of the sleeve 221 to prevent the coolant from sliding through the slide rod 225 and flowing in the sleeve 221; and an annular electromagnetic block 228 is fixedly connected to the top of the sleeve 221. When the kerosene temperature drops, the pressure of the pressure sensor 24 decreases. When the pressure drops to the set value, it means that the kerosene has not expanded. At this time, the annular electromagnetic block 228 is energized to magnetically attract the iron sheet, so that the plug 222 fits tightly against the liquid outlet and stops discharging. If the pressure is higher than the set value, it means that the kerosene has expanded, and the annular electromagnetic block 228 is quickly de-energized without affecting the upward movement of the drainage table 224, the plug 222, the sliding column 253 and the piston plate 229.

[0047] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The foregoing embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An outdoor lightning protection transformer, comprising a base (1), a transformer body (2) being fixedly mounted on the top of the base (1); a cooling box (3) being fixedly connected to the four corners of the top of the transformer body (2) via pillars (21); a lifting seat (4) being mounted on the top of the cooling box (3); a lightning arrester (41) being fixedly connected to both ends of the top of the lifting seat (4); a lightning rod (42) being provided in the middle of the lifting seat (4), an insulating sleeve (49) being provided on the outer side of the lightning rod (42), and the insulating sleeve (49) being mounted on the top of the lifting seat (4); and a protective mechanism being provided on the outer side of the insulating sleeve (49); Its characteristics are: The protective mechanism comprises two protective covers (44), and two movable plates (45) are symmetrically fixed on the outer walls of the protective covers (44); four fixed plates (43) are fixed on the top of the movable seat, wherein a bidirectional ball screw (46) is rotatably connected between two of the fixed plates (43), and the two movable plates (45) on the same side are symmetrically threadedly connected to the bidirectional ball screw (46); one end of the bidirectional ball screw (46) is fixed with a rotary block (48); two guide rods (47) are fixed between the other two fixed plates (43), and the two movable plates (45) on the other side are slidably connected to the two guide rods (47).

2. The outdoor lightning protection transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top inner side walls of the protective covers (44) are all fixedly connected with sealing rings (410), and the sealing rings (410) are respectively tightly fitted with the outer sides of the lightning rods (42); the inner walls of the protective covers (44) are all provided with placement grooves (411), and water-absorbing silica gel is placed in the placement grooves (411); a clamping strip (412) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of one of the protective covers (44), and a clamping slot (413) is provided on the inner side wall of the other protective cover (44), and the clamping strip (412) cooperates with the clamping slot (413).

3. The outdoor lightning protection transformer according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of heat sinks (25) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the transformer body (2), and a scraper (251) is sleeved on the outer side of the plurality of heat sinks (25) on the same side; a sliding column (253) is slidably connected to the four corners of the scraper (251); one end of the sliding column (253) is fixedly connected to the groove on the transformer body (2); a second spring (254) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the sliding column (253); one end of the second spring (254) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the groove; the other end of the second spring (254) is fixedly connected to the scraper (251); a notch (252) is opened on the scraper (251); and a driving mechanism is provided between two adjacent scrapers (251).

4. The outdoor lightning protection transformer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving mechanism is provided with two groups and is provided on two diagonal pillars (21); the driving mechanism comprises a cam block (255) and a motor; the motors are respectively provided inside the pillars (21); the output shafts of the motors are fixedly connected to the cam blocks (255); the bottoms of the pillars (21) are each provided with a movable opening; the cam blocks (255) are respectively movable in the movable openings and are respectively in contact with two adjacent scrapers (251).

5. The outdoor lightning protection transformer according to claim 4, characterized in that: A heat transfer mechanism is provided between the transformer body (2) and the cooling box (3); the heat transfer mechanism comprises a plurality of sleeves (221); a plurality of heat conducting plates (223) are fixedly connected to the bottom of each sleeve (221), and the heat conducting plates (223) are fixedly connected to the top of the transformer body (2); a sliding rod (225) is slidably connected in each sleeve (221), and a piston plate (229) is fixedly connected to the bottom of each sliding rod (225); the piston plate (229) is in contact with the inner wall of the sleeve (221); The top of each slide rod (225) is fixedly connected with a plug (222); the plug (222) is set to be an inverted frustum; the bottom of the cooling box (3) is provided with a plurality of liquid outlets, and the liquid outlets cooperate with the plug (222); the outer side of each slide rod (225) is provided with a first spring (226), and the two ends of the first spring (226) are respectively fixedly connected to the piston plate (229) and the top inner wall of the sleeve (221); the bottom of each piston plate (229) and the sleeve (221) is provided with an oil chamber (227).

6. The outdoor lightning protection transformer according to claim 5, characterized in that: An oil inlet pipe (233) is fixedly connected to one side of the oil chamber (227); an electromagnetic valve is installed on each of the oil inlet pipes (233); a water level gauge (241) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston plate (229), and the water level gauge (241) is electrically connected to the electromagnetic valve; an oil tank (23) is fixedly connected to the top of the transformer body (2); an oil delivery pipe (232) is provided between the oil tank (23) and the plurality of oil inlet pipes (233), and an oil pump (231) is installed at one end of the oil delivery pipe (232) close to the oil tank (23).

7. The outdoor lightning protection transformer according to claim 6, characterized in that: Drainage grooves (22) are fixedly connected between the pillars (21), and the drainage grooves (22) are plugged into the outside of the plurality of sleeves (221); the inner walls of the bottom of the drainage grooves (22) are all arranged as inclined surfaces, and the two ends of the inclined surfaces are lower than the middle of the inclined surfaces; the two ends of the drainage grooves (22) are connected and fixedly connected to a plurality of drainage pipes (26), and one end of the drainage pipes (26) is connected and fixedly connected to the heat sink (25), and a flow cavity is opened inside the heat sink (25); the heat sink (25) is arranged in a corrugated shape.

8. The outdoor lightning protection transformer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottoms of the heat sinks (25) are connected and fixedly connected to a liquid outlet pipe (261); a drainage pipe (263) and two connecting pipes (262) are provided in the base (1); the connecting pipes (262) are respectively provided at two ends of the base (1) and are connected and fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid outlet pipe (261); the drainage pipe (263) connects the two connecting pipes (262) in an I-shaped manner; one end of the drainage pipe (263) is connected and fixedly connected to a liquid infusion pipe (264); one end of the liquid infusion pipe (264) is connected and fixedly connected to the cooling box (3); a water pump (265) is installed on the liquid infusion pipe (264), and the water pump (265) is fixedly connected to the outside of the cooling box (3).

9. The outdoor lightning protection transformer according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer side of the slide column (253) is fixedly connected to a drainage platform (224), and the top of the drainage platform (224) contacts the bottom of the plug (222); the top of the sleeve (221) is fixedly connected to an annular electromagnetic block (228); a slot is provided at the bottom of the drainage platform (224), and an iron sheet is provided in the slot, and the iron sheet is magnetically attracted to the electromagnetic block; the bottom of the piston plate (229) is fixedly connected to a pressure sensor (24), and the pressure sensor (24) is electrically connected to the annular electromagnetic block (228).

10. The outdoor lightning protection transformer according to claim 9, characterized in that: A plurality of damping blocks (31) are installed between the bottom of the lifting seat (4) and the bottom inner wall of the cooling box (3), and a third spring (32) is sleeved on the outer side of each damping block (31); the lifting seat (4) is slidably connected to the cooling box (3).

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