A thermal power peak regulation transformation method and device considering the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and device for thermal power peak-shaving transformation that considers the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power, belonging to the field of distribution network planning. The method includes: obtaining various parameters of the power system; constructing a mathematical expression of the dynamic carbon emission factor based on the mathematical expression of the power generation power and startup power of the thermal power unit, and combining it with the mathematical expression of the power generation power of the thermal power unit, the mathematical expression of the power generation power of the non-thermal power unit, the unit carbon emission cost, and the carbon emission factor of the non-thermal power unit to construct a mathematical expression of the system carbon emission cost; based on the mathematical expression of the system carbon emission cost and various parameters, with the goal of minimizing the total operating cost, constructing a low-carbon collaborative planning model and constraint conditions; solving the model under the constraints to obtain the minimum technical output of the thermal power unit after the transformation, and performing thermal power peak-shaving transformation. By implementing the present invention, the accuracy of carbon emission calculation can be improved, thereby solving the problem that traditional fixed factors cannot reflect load changes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of distribution network planning, and in particular to a method and device for thermal power peak regulation transformation considering a dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, my country's new energy industry has experienced explosive growth. When renewable energy generation exceeds the grid's real-time absorption capacity, wind and solar power curtailment and other power curtailment issues occur. This not only wastes a significant amount of clean energy but also hinders the further development of the new energy industry. Therefore, in the context of the power industry's low-carbon transformation, there is an urgent need to implement flexible thermal power transformation to address the curtailment caused by the large-scale integration of renewable energy.

[0003] However, when calculating carbon emissions from existing thermal power units, a fixed carbon emission factor is usually used to simulate the thermal power carbon emission process, which is inconsistent with the actual carbon emissions in the actual operation of thermal power. As a result, the optimization planning results of existing thermal power peak regulation transformation are quite different from the actual optimal operating state of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention provide a method and device for peak-shaving transformation of thermal power plants that considers the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power plants, which can improve the accuracy of carbon emission calculations, thereby solving the problem that traditional fixed factors cannot reflect carbon emission fluctuations caused by load changes.

[0005] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for peak-shaving modification of thermal power plants taking into account a dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power plants, comprising:

[0006] Obtain the cost parameters, system characteristic parameters, unit attribute parameters, and power supply and demand parameters of the power system; cost parameters include: the cost corresponding to unit carbon emissions; unit attribute parameters include: the carbon emission factor of non-thermal power units;

[0007] According to the mathematical expression of the thermal power unit's generating power and the mathematical expression of the starting power, a mathematical expression of the unit load rate is constructed;

[0008] Based on the mathematical expression of the unit load rate, a mathematical expression of the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit is constructed;

[0009] Based on the mathematical expressions of the power generation of thermal power units, the power generation of non-thermal power units, the cost per unit of carbon emissions, the carbon emission factor of non-thermal power units, and the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power units, a mathematical expression for the system carbon emission cost is constructed;

[0010] Based on the mathematical expression of the system carbon emission cost, cost parameters, system characteristic parameters, unit attribute parameters and power supply and demand parameters, with the goal of minimizing the total operating cost, a low-carbon collaborative planning model is constructed, along with power balance constraints, power generation technology constraints and system power generation adequacy and reserve constraints.

[0011] Under the constraints of power balance, power generation technology, and system power generation adequacy and reserve, a low-carbon collaborative planning model is solved to generate the minimum technical output of the modified thermal power units with the lowest total operating cost.

[0012] Thermal power peak regulation transformation is carried out according to the minimum technical output of the thermal power units after transformation.

[0013] Furthermore, based on the mathematical expression of the unit load rate, a mathematical expression of the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit is constructed, including:

[0014] According to the mathematical expression of the unit load rate, the mathematical expression of the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit is constructed by the following formula:

[0015] ;

[0016] in, represents the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power units, Indicates the unit load rate of the thermal power unit.

[0017] Furthermore, based on the mathematical expressions of the power generation of thermal power units, the power generation of non-thermal power units, the cost corresponding to unit carbon emissions, the carbon emission factors of non-thermal power units, and the dynamic carbon emission factors of thermal power units, a mathematical expression of the system carbon emission cost is constructed, including:

[0018] Based on the carbon emission factors of non-thermal power units and the mathematical expressions of the power generation of non-thermal power units, a mathematical expression for the total carbon emissions of non-thermal power units is constructed;

[0019] Based on the mathematical expression of the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit and the mathematical expression of the power generation capacity of the thermal power unit, a mathematical expression of the total carbon emissions of the thermal power unit is constructed;

[0020] Based on the mathematical expressions of the total carbon emissions of non-thermal power units, the mathematical expressions of the total carbon emissions of thermal power units and the cost corresponding to unit carbon emissions, a mathematical expression of the system carbon emission cost is constructed.

[0021] Furthermore, the total operating cost includes: power system operation and maintenance costs and thermal power unit peak-shaving transformation costs; power system operation and maintenance costs include: unit energy storage collaborative operation and maintenance costs, system carbon emission costs, system power curtailment costs and system power shortage costs.

[0022] Furthermore, power balance constraints include:

[0023] ;

[0024] in, represents the power flow from adjacent node j to node i, Represents the index of the node, represents the index of the adjacent nodes of node i, represents the real-time output power of the conventional generator set in node i, Indicates the number of conventional generator sets, represents the wind power of node i, represents the photovoltaic power of node i, represents the power shortage of node i, represents the abandoned power of node i, represents the incoming call to node i, represents the total load of node i.

[0025] Furthermore, power generation technology constraints include: upper and lower output limits of conventional units, ramping constraints of conventional units, start and shutdown constraints of conventional units, and upper and lower limits of deep peak load regulation transformation of thermal power units;

[0026] The upper and lower limits of conventional unit output include:

[0027] ;

[0028] Conventional unit ramping constraints include:

[0029] ;

[0030] ;

[0031] Conventional unit start-up and shutdown constraints, including:

[0032] ;

[0033] ;

[0034] The upper and lower limit constraints for deep peak-shaving transformation of thermal power units include:

[0035] ;

[0036] in, Indicates the start and stop status of the conventional unit g at time t, Indicates that the unit is started. Indicates the unit is shut down. and Respectively represent the minimum output power and maximum output power of conventional unit g, represents the real-time power generation of conventional unit g at time t, Indicates the index of the conventional unit, represents a collection of generator sets, represents the real-time power generation of electrochemical energy storage s at time t, and Respectively represent the ramp-up rate and ramp-down rate of conventional units, and They represent the minimum shutdown time and the minimum startup time of the unit at node i, respectively. Indicates the current calculation time, represents the startup status of the unit at node i at time t, Indicates that the unit of node i is turned on, Indicates that the unit at node i is shut down, Indicates the lower limit of deep peak regulation of thermal power units, Indicates the upper limit of deep peak regulation of thermal power units.

[0037] Furthermore, the system power generation adequacy reserve constraints include:

[0038] ;

[0039] in, represents the credible capacity factor of conventional unit g, represents the system power generation adequacy coefficient, Indicates the index of important load, represents the important load set, It represents the power demand of important load z at time t.

[0040] Based on the above method embodiment, the present invention provides a corresponding device embodiment, including: a system parameter acquisition module, a load rate construction module, a dynamic carbon emission factor construction module, a carbon emission cost construction module, a planning model construction module, a planning model solving module, and a thermal power peak regulation transformation module;

[0041] A system parameter acquisition module is used to obtain cost parameters, system characteristic parameters, unit attribute parameters, and power supply and demand parameters of the power system; the cost parameters include: the cost corresponding to the unit carbon emission; the unit attribute parameters include: the carbon emission factor of the non-thermal power unit;

[0042] A load rate construction module is used to construct a mathematical expression of the unit load rate based on the mathematical expression of the generated power and the mathematical expression of the startup power of the thermal power unit;

[0043] A dynamic carbon emission factor construction module is used to construct a mathematical expression for the dynamic carbon emission factor of a thermal power unit based on a mathematical expression for the unit load rate;

[0044] A carbon emission cost construction module is used to construct a mathematical expression for the system carbon emission cost based on the mathematical expression for the power generation of thermal power units, the mathematical expression for the power generation of non-thermal power units, the cost corresponding to unit carbon emissions, the carbon emission factor of non-thermal power units, and the mathematical expression for the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power units;

[0045] The planning model construction module is used to build a low-carbon collaborative planning model based on the mathematical expression of the system carbon emission cost, cost parameters, system characteristic parameters, unit attribute parameters, and power supply and demand parameters, with the goal of minimizing total operating cost, and to establish power balance constraints, power generation technology constraints, and system power generation adequacy and reserve constraints;

[0046] The planning model solving module is used to solve the low-carbon collaborative planning model under the constraints of power balance, power generation technology, and system power generation adequacy and reserve, and generate the minimum technical output of the modified thermal power units with the lowest total operating cost;

[0047] The thermal power peak-shaving transformation module is used to carry out thermal power peak-shaving transformation based on the minimum technical output of the thermal power unit after transformation.

[0048] Furthermore, based on the mathematical expression of the unit load rate, a mathematical expression of the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit is constructed, including:

[0049] According to the mathematical expression of the unit load rate, the mathematical expression of the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit is constructed by the following formula:

[0050] ;

[0051] in, represents the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power units, Indicates the unit load rate of the thermal power unit.

[0052] Furthermore, the carbon emission cost construction module includes: a non-thermal power unit total carbon emission construction submodule, a thermal power unit total carbon emission construction submodule, and a system carbon emission cost construction submodule;

[0053] A submodule for constructing the total carbon emissions of non-thermal power generation units, which is used to construct a mathematical expression for the total carbon emissions of non-thermal power generation units based on the carbon emission factors of the non-thermal power generation units and the mathematical expression for the power generation of the non-thermal power generation units;

[0054] A submodule for constructing the total carbon emissions of thermal power units is used to construct a mathematical expression for the total carbon emissions of thermal power units based on the mathematical expression for the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power units and the mathematical expression for the power generation power of the thermal power units;

[0055] The system carbon emission cost construction submodule is used to construct a mathematical expression of the system carbon emission cost based on the mathematical expression of the total carbon emissions of non-thermal power units, the mathematical expression of the total carbon emissions of thermal power units, and the cost corresponding to unit carbon emissions.

[0056] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the embodiment of this solution are:

[0057] The present invention obtains the cost parameters, system characteristic parameters, unit attribute parameters and power supply and demand parameters of the power system, wherein the cost parameters include the cost corresponding to the unit carbon emission, and the unit attribute parameters include the carbon emission factor of the non-thermal power unit. According to the mathematical expression of the power generation power of the thermal power unit and the mathematical expression of the startup power, a mathematical expression of the unit load rate is constructed to reflect the load state of the unit's current operation. According to the mathematical expression of the unit load rate, a mathematical expression of the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit is constructed. The dynamic carbon emission factor can change according to the change of the power generation power of the thermal power unit, accurately captures the carbon emission characteristics of the unit under different loads, solves the problem that the traditional fixed factor cannot reflect the carbon emission fluctuation caused by load changes, and improves the accuracy of carbon emission calculation. Then, based on the mathematical expression of the power generation capacity of thermal power units, the mathematical expression of the power generation capacity of non-thermal power units, the cost corresponding to unit carbon emissions, the carbon emission factor of non-thermal power units and the mathematical expression of the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power units, a mathematical expression of the system carbon emission cost is constructed, and with the minimum total operating cost as the goal, a low-carbon collaborative planning model is constructed, and power balance constraints, power generation technology constraints and system power generation adequacy reserve constraints are constructed. Under the constraints, the low-carbon collaborative planning model is solved, and the system carbon emission cost is affected by optimizing the total cost. Finally, the minimum technical output of the transformed thermal power unit with the minimum total operating cost is generated, and the thermal power peak regulation transformation is carried out according to the minimum technical output of the transformed thermal power unit.

[0058] In summary, the present invention introduces a dynamic carbon emission factor for thermal power units and adjusts the carbon emission calculation parameters in real time through the load rate, so that the simulation results are closer to the carbon emission level under the actual operating state of the unit, thereby solving the problem that the existing use of a fixed carbon emission factor to simulate the carbon emission process of thermal power plants is inconsistent with the actual carbon emissions in the actual operation of thermal power plants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a thermal power peak-shaving transformation method considering the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a thermal power peak-shaving transformation device taking into account the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power provided by one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] like Figure 1 As shown, in order to solve the problem that traditional fixed factors cannot reflect carbon emission fluctuations caused by load changes, an embodiment of the present invention provides a thermal power peak-shaving modification method that considers the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power. The method includes at least the following steps:

[0063] Assume that a main grid system has N nodes, including K power nodes (including coal-fired power, gas-fired power, wind power, photovoltaic power and other general power sources) and M load nodes.

[0064] Step S1: Obtaining cost parameters, system characteristic parameters, unit attribute parameters, and power supply and demand parameters of the power system; cost parameters include: cost corresponding to unit carbon emissions; unit attribute parameters include: carbon emission factors of non-thermal power units;

[0065] For step S1, in the present invention, the cost parameters include: thermal power peak regulation cost parameters, energy storage operation and maintenance cost parameters, and unit cost parameters;

[0066] The above-mentioned thermal power peak regulation cost parameters include: the cost corresponding to unit carbon emissions , the cost corresponding to the unit amount of abandoned electricity , thermal power peak regulation transformation cost , Unit investment cost of deep peak regulation transformation of thermal power units , the annual discount rate for thermal power transformation ;

[0067] The above energy storage operation and maintenance cost parameters include: unit power of electrochemical energy storage , Operation and maintenance costs per unit capacity of electrochemical energy storage ;

[0068] The above unit cost parameters include: the power generation cost coefficient of conventional unit g 、 and , Maintenance cost per unit capacity of each unit , the startup cost of conventional units g each time and downtime costs .

[0069] System characteristic parameters include: system operation characteristic parameters, unit operation characteristic parameters and energy storage characteristic parameters;

[0070] The above system operation characteristic parameters include: system power generation adequacy coefficient ;

[0071] The above-mentioned unit operating characteristic parameters include: conventional unit ramp rate and downhill climbing rate , Minimum technical output of thermal power units before transformation , the minimum shutdown time of the unit at node i and the minimum startup time of the unit , the lower limit of deep peak regulation of thermal power units , upper limit of deep peak regulation of thermal power units ;

[0072] The above energy storage characteristic parameters include: installed capacity of electrochemical energy storage , installed power of electrochemical energy storage , charge and discharge efficiency of electrochemical energy storage .

[0073] The above-mentioned unit attribute parameters include: generator set collection 、Non-thermal power generation unit collection 、Collection of thermal power units , installed capacity , non-thermal power units Carbon emission factor , the credible capacity factor of conventional unit g , important load collection , power demand of important loads .

[0074] The above power supply and demand parameters include: wind power at node i , PV power of node i , external power of node i , the total load of node i .

[0075] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, non-thermal power generation units include gas-fired power generation units, hydropower generation units and other power generation units, and non-thermal power generation units adopt a static power generation carbon emission factor.

[0076] Step S2: constructing a mathematical expression for the unit load rate based on the mathematical expression for the generated power and the mathematical expression for the startup power of the thermal power unit;

[0077] In step S2, based on the mathematical expression of the generated power and the mathematical expression of the startup power of the thermal power unit, the mathematical expression of the unit load rate is constructed by the following formula:

[0078] ;

[0079] in, Indicates the unit load rate, represents the actual power generation of thermal power unit i at time t, It represents the startup power of thermal power unit i, that is, the installed power, and represents the maximum power generation capacity that the thermal power unit can theoretically achieve.

[0080] The unit load rate can be used to understand the load conditions of thermal power units at different times, thereby providing an important basis for subsequent analysis of the carbon emission characteristics and peak-shaving capacity of thermal power units.

[0081] Step S3: constructing a mathematical expression for the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit based on the mathematical expression for the unit load rate;

[0082] In a preferred embodiment, a mathematical expression for the dynamic carbon emission factor of a thermal power unit is constructed based on the mathematical expression for the unit load rate, including:

[0083] According to the mathematical expression of the unit load rate, the mathematical expression of the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit is constructed by the following formula:

[0084] ;

[0085] in, represents the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power units, Indicates the unit load rate of the thermal power unit.

[0086] In step S3, during the actual operation of a thermal power unit, the load factor is a key factor influencing its carbon emissions. When the load factor decreases, incomplete coal combustion leads to increased carbon emissions. Therefore, based on the relationship between the operating characteristics of a thermal power unit and its carbon emissions, a mathematical relationship is constructed between the unit load factor and the unit's dynamic carbon emission factor. This mathematical relationship can then be used to determine the unit's dynamic carbon emission factor based on the known unit load factor.

[0087] The traditional fixed carbon emission factor cannot reflect the carbon emission differences caused by load changes of thermal power units. However, the present invention uses a dynamic carbon emission factor to accurately reflect the carbon emissions of thermal power units at different load rates according to the different load rates of the units. Specifically, the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit increases as the load rate of the unit decreases. When the load rate of the unit reaches 100%, the fuel combustion efficiency is the highest. At this time, the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit is the smallest. As the actual power generation ratio of the thermal power unit gradually decreases, the coal combustion of the unit becomes increasingly insufficient, and the dynamic carbon emission factor increases faster. When the peak regulation depth reaches the oil injection and combustion-supporting stage, the unit load rate is close to the minimum output coefficient of the thermal power unit. At this time, the carbon emissions increase significantly, and the dynamic carbon emission factor far exceeds the conventional static carbon emission factor.

[0088] Step S4: Constructing a mathematical expression for the system carbon emission cost based on the mathematical expression for the power generation of the thermal power unit, the mathematical expression for the power generation of the non-thermal power unit, the cost corresponding to the unit carbon emission, the carbon emission factor of the non-thermal power unit, and the mathematical expression for the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit;

[0089] In a preferred embodiment, a mathematical expression of the system carbon emission cost is constructed based on the mathematical expression of the power generation of the thermal power unit, the mathematical expression of the power generation of the non-thermal power unit, the cost corresponding to the unit carbon emission, the carbon emission factor of the non-thermal power unit, and the mathematical expression of the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit, including:

[0090] Based on the carbon emission factors of non-thermal power units and the mathematical expressions of the power generation of non-thermal power units, a mathematical expression for the total carbon emissions of non-thermal power units is constructed;

[0091] Based on the mathematical expression of the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit and the mathematical expression of the power generation capacity of the thermal power unit, a mathematical expression of the total carbon emissions of the thermal power unit is constructed;

[0092] Based on the mathematical expressions of the total carbon emissions of non-thermal power units, the mathematical expressions of the total carbon emissions of thermal power units and the cost corresponding to unit carbon emissions, a mathematical expression of the system carbon emission cost is constructed.

[0093] In step S4, based on the mathematical expression of the power generation of the thermal power unit, the mathematical expression of the power generation of the non-thermal power unit, the cost corresponding to the unit carbon emission in the cost parameter obtained in step S1, the carbon emission factor of the non-thermal power unit in the unit attribute parameters, and the mathematical expression of the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit, the system carbon emission cost is constructed using the following formula:

[0094] ;

[0095] in, represents the system carbon emission cost, represents the cost per unit of carbon emissions, represents the set of non-thermal power generation units, Indicates the index of non-thermal power generation unit, represents the carbon emission factor of non-thermal power units, represents the power generation of non-thermal power units at time t, Represents a collection of thermal power units, Represents the index of the thermal power unit, represents the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power units, Represents the power generation of the thermal power unit at time t.

[0096] Specifically, the total carbon emissions of non-thermal power units and thermal power units are calculated separately, and then the two are added together and multiplied by the unit carbon emission cost to determine the system carbon emission cost.

[0097] Step S5: Based on the mathematical expression of the system carbon emission cost, cost parameters, system characteristic parameters, unit attribute parameters, and power supply and demand parameters, with the goal of minimizing the total operating cost, a low-carbon collaborative planning model is constructed, and power balance constraints, power generation technology constraints, and system power generation adequacy reserve constraints are constructed;

[0098] For step S5, based on the cost parameters, system characteristic parameters, unit attribute parameters and power supply and demand parameters obtained in step S1, and the mathematical expression of the system carbon emission cost constructed in step S4, a low-carbon collaborative planning model is constructed with the goal of minimizing the total operating cost.

[0099] In a preferred embodiment, the total operating cost includes: power system operation and maintenance costs and thermal power unit peak-shaving transformation costs; power system operation and maintenance costs include: unit energy storage collaborative operation and maintenance costs, system carbon emission costs, system power curtailment costs and system power shortage costs.

[0100] In one embodiment of the present invention, the objective function of the low-carbon collaborative planning model is:

[0101] ;

[0102] in, represents the total operating cost, represents the power system operation and maintenance cost, represents the cost of peak load regulation transformation of thermal power units, represents the energy storage collaborative operation and maintenance cost of the unit, represents the system carbon emission cost, represents the system power curtailment cost, Indicates the cost of system power shortage.

[0103] The cost of energy storage collaborative operation and maintenance for the unit includes:

[0104] ;

[0105] ;

[0106] = ;

[0107] ;

[0108] = ;

[0109] ;

[0110] System curtailment costs, including:

[0111] ;

[0112] in, represents the energy storage collaborative operation and maintenance cost of the unit, represents the unit maintenance cost, represents the cost of raw materials, represents the unit start-up and shutdown cost, represents the operating cost of electrochemical energy storage, It indicates the operating cost of pumped storage. It should be noted that the annual operating cost of pumped storage is Usually calculated at 2.5% of the initial investment and construction cost. Indicates the index of the conventional unit, represents a collection of generator sets, represents the maintenance cost per unit capacity of each unit, Indicates the installed capacity of the unit, 、 and Both represent the power generation cost coefficient of conventional unit g, represents the real-time power generation of conventional unit g at time t, Indicates the start and stop status of the conventional unit g at time t, Indicates that the unit is started. Indicates the unit is shut down. and They represent the startup cost and shutdown cost of conventional unit g respectively, represents the index of electrochemical energy storage, represents the electrochemical energy storage assembly, Represents the unit power of electrochemical energy storage, Indicates the operation and maintenance cost corresponding to the unit capacity of electrochemical energy storage, represents the installed capacity of electrochemical energy storage, represents the installed power of electrochemical energy storage, represents the discharge power of electrochemical energy storage, Represents the charge and discharge efficiency of electrochemical energy storage, The index representing the pumped storage, represents the pumped storage aggregate, represents the initial investment and construction cost of pumped storage w, represents the system power curtailment cost, Indicates the cost corresponding to the unit amount of abandoned electricity, Represents the index of the thermal power unit, Represents a collection of thermal power units, Indicates thermal power unit The curtailed power at time t.

[0113] The cost of thermal power peak load regulation transformation includes:

[0114] ;

[0115] in, represents the cost of thermal power peak regulation transformation, represents the discount rate of equal annual value of thermal power transformation, represents the unit investment cost of peak load regulation transformation of thermal power units, It represents the minimum technical output of the thermal power unit before transformation. Indicates the minimum technical output of the thermal power unit after transformation.

[0116] The present invention takes minimizing the total operating cost as its objective function and comprehensively considers various cost factors. It can economically achieve the optimal allocation of power system resources. By rationally balancing the operating costs and carbon emission costs of thermal power units, it encourages the system to select more economical and efficient power generation combinations and operating modes, thereby reducing overall operating costs.

[0117] In a preferred embodiment, the power balance constraint includes:

[0118] ;

[0119] in, represents the power flow from adjacent node j to node i, Represents the index of the node, represents the index of the adjacent nodes of node i, represents the real-time output power of the conventional generator set in node i, Indicates the number of conventional generator sets, represents the wind power of node i, represents the photovoltaic power of node i, represents the power shortage of node i, represents the abandoned power of node i, represents the incoming call to node i, represents the total load of node i.

[0120] In a preferred embodiment, the power generation technical constraints include: upper and lower limit constraints on conventional unit output, conventional unit ramping constraints, conventional unit start and shutdown constraints, and upper and lower limit constraints on deep peak load regulation of thermal power units;

[0121] The upper and lower limits of conventional unit output include:

[0122] ;

[0123] Conventional unit ramping constraints include:

[0124] ;

[0125] ;

[0126] Conventional unit start-up and shutdown constraints, including:

[0127] ;

[0128] ;

[0129] The upper and lower limit constraints for deep peak-shaving transformation of thermal power units include:

[0130] ;

[0131] in, Indicates the start and stop status of the conventional unit g at time t, Indicates that the unit is started. Indicates the unit is shut down. and Respectively represent the minimum output power and maximum output power of conventional unit g, represents the real-time power generation of conventional unit g at time t, Indicates the index of the conventional unit, represents a collection of generator sets, represents the real-time power generation of electrochemical energy storage s at time t, and Respectively represent the ramp-up rate and ramp-down rate of conventional units, and They represent the minimum shutdown time and the minimum startup time of the unit at node i, respectively. Indicates the current calculation time, represents the startup status of the unit at node i at time t, Indicates that the unit of node i is turned on, Indicates that the unit at node i is shut down, Indicates the lower limit of deep peak regulation of thermal power units, Indicates the upper limit of deep peak regulation of thermal power units.

[0132] In a preferred embodiment, the system power generation adequacy reserve constraint includes:

[0133] ;

[0134] in, represents the credible capacity factor of conventional unit g, represents the system power generation adequacy coefficient, Indicates the index of important load, represents the important load set, It represents the power demand of important load z at time t.

[0135] In one embodiment of the present invention, the establishment of various constraints ensures the stable and reliable operation of the power system. Specifically, because power systems cannot store large amounts of energy and must be used immediately upon generation, the total generated power of each unit must be kept equal to the power consumed by the load in real time. Therefore, the present invention maintains a real-time balance between power supply and demand by establishing power balance constraints.

[0136] The present invention ensures the safe and stable operation of the units by constructing power generation technical constraints. More specifically, the conventional unit output upper and lower limit constraints limit the conventional unit's power generation to within its technically feasible range, preventing the unit from damaging equipment or affecting power generation efficiency due to operation beyond its capacity range; the conventional unit ramp constraint ensures that the unit power adjustment is within a reasonable rate range, avoiding the impact of power mutation on the equipment, while also ensuring the stability of the power system frequency; the conventional unit start-up and shutdown constraints ensure that the unit start-up and shutdown operations meet the equipment technical requirements, ensuring the equipment life and operational reliability; the thermal power unit deep peak-shaving transformation upper and lower limit constraints limit the power generation range of the transformed thermal power unit, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the unit during the peak-shaving process, while meeting the peak-shaving needs of the power system.

[0137] The power generation adequacy reserve constraint takes into account factors such as partial equipment outages or insufficient output to determine whether the power generation, transmission, and supply capabilities meet user needs. This constraint is used to characterize the steady-state performance of the system. Traditional power system planning often ignores or simplifies the capacity value of renewable energy, leading to underinvestment or overinvestment in scenarios with a high proportion of renewable energy. Therefore, the present invention constructs a power generation adequacy reserve constraint to characterize the proportion of wind and photovoltaic units that can be considered conventional units under the premise of equal reliability, compared to the total capacity of wind and photovoltaic units. This allows uncontrollable, fluctuating, and random power generation technologies to be compared with conventional units on the same level, enhancing the system's ability to respond to emergencies, reducing the risk of power outages, and improving power supply reliability.

[0138] It should be noted that the power balance constraint involves the power flow transmission of multiple nodes. The node power flow is calculated as follows:

[0139] First, in the actual power grid, the error between the DC power flow and the accurate AC power flow is small, and in normal operation, the voltage of each node of the power system is usually close to the rated voltage, so it can be approximately considered that the node and nodes The voltage amplitude , and the voltage phase angle difference at both ends of the line is very small, it can be approximately considered ,therefore , , in the UHV network, the line resistance is much smaller than the reactance, so the resistance can usually be ignored, that is, Based on these actual conditions, the power flow calculation process is simplified. The simplified branch power flow is as follows:

[0140] ;

[0141] in, , is the branch reactance, which reflects the branch's obstruction to power transmission. and Represents nodes respectively and nodes The voltage phase angle, Indicates a branch of reactive power.

[0142] Based on Kirchhoff's law, the branch DC power flow can be obtained:

[0143] ;

[0144] in, It represents the sum of active power injected by each node to node i.

[0145] Step S6: Under the constraints of power balance constraints, power generation technology constraints, and system power generation adequacy and reserve constraints, solve the low-carbon collaborative planning model to generate the minimum technical output of the transformed thermal power unit with the minimum total operating cost;

[0146] In step S6, under the constraints of power balance, power generation technology, and system power generation adequacy and reserve, the objective is to minimize the sum of power system operation and maintenance costs and thermal power peak-shaving modification costs. By continuously adjusting variables such as the minimum technical output of the modified thermal power units, the dynamic carbon emission factor can quantify these differences, allowing the model to balance power generation costs and carbon emission costs during the optimization process. For example, when a thermal power unit is operating at low load, the dynamic carbon emission factor may be low. In this case, while increasing the output will increase power generation costs to a certain extent, the carbon emission cost is relatively low. However, when operating at high load, the dynamic carbon emission factor may be high, and increasing the output will lead to a significant increase in carbon emission costs. Therefore, based on the changes in the dynamic carbon emission factor, the low-carbon collaborative planning model selects the minimum technical output of the modified thermal power unit that minimizes the total operating cost, providing guidance for the modification of the thermal power unit.

[0147] After repeated consideration and optimization, the minimum technical output of the thermal power unit after transformation was finally determined. It can minimize costs and achieve the goal of low-carbon collaborative planning on the basis of ensuring the safe, stable operation and reliable power supply of the power system, and provide a scientific solution for the economical and efficient operation and sustainable development of the power system.

[0148] Step S7: Perform thermal power peak regulation transformation according to the minimum technical output of the thermal power unit after transformation.

[0149] In step S7, based on the minimum technical output of the thermal power unit after the transformation, the thermal power unit is subjected to peak-shaving transformation. Through the peak-shaving transformation, the minimum technical output of the unit is reduced from the original value (i.e., the minimum technical output of the thermal power unit before the transformation) to ) is reduced to the target value (i.e. the minimum technical output of the thermal power unit after transformation) ) to improve the peak-shaving capability of the unit under low-load conditions.

[0150] like Figure 2 As shown, based on the above method embodiment, a corresponding device embodiment is provided;

[0151] An embodiment of the present invention provides a thermal power peak-shaving modification device that considers the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power, comprising: a system parameter acquisition module, a load rate construction module, a dynamic carbon emission factor construction module, a carbon emission cost construction module, a planning model construction module, a planning model solving module, and a thermal power peak-shaving modification module;

[0152] A system parameter acquisition module is used to obtain cost parameters, system characteristic parameters, unit attribute parameters and power supply and demand parameters of the power system; the cost parameters include: the cost corresponding to the unit carbon emission; the unit attribute parameters include: the carbon emission factor of the non-thermal power unit;

[0153] A load rate construction module is used to construct a mathematical expression of the unit load rate based on the mathematical expression of the generated power and the mathematical expression of the startup power of the thermal power unit;

[0154] A dynamic carbon emission factor construction module is used to construct a mathematical expression for the dynamic carbon emission factor of a thermal power unit based on a mathematical expression for the unit load rate;

[0155] The carbon emission cost construction module is used to construct the mathematical expression of the power generation of thermal power units, the power generation of non-thermal power units, the cost corresponding to unit carbon emissions, the carbon emission factor of non-thermal power units, and the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power units to construct the mathematical expression of the system carbon emission cost;

[0156] The planning model construction module is used to build a low-carbon collaborative planning model based on the mathematical expression of the system carbon emission cost, cost parameters, system characteristic parameters, unit attribute parameters, and power supply and demand parameters, with the goal of minimizing total operating cost, and to establish power balance constraints, power generation technology constraints, and system power generation adequacy and reserve constraints;

[0157] The planning model solving module is used to solve the low-carbon collaborative planning model under the constraints of power balance, power generation technology, and system power generation adequacy and reserve, and generate the minimum technical output of the modified thermal power units with the lowest total operating cost;

[0158] The thermal power peak-shaving transformation module is used to carry out thermal power peak-shaving transformation based on the minimum technical output of the thermal power unit after transformation.

[0159] In a preferred embodiment, a mathematical expression for the dynamic carbon emission factor of a thermal power unit is constructed based on the mathematical expression for the unit load rate, including:

[0160] According to the mathematical expression of the unit load rate, the mathematical expression of the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit is constructed by the following formula:

[0161] ;

[0162] in, represents the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power units, Indicates the unit load rate of the thermal power unit.

[0163] In a preferred embodiment, the carbon emission cost construction module includes: a non-thermal power unit total carbon emission construction submodule, a thermal power unit total carbon emission construction submodule, and a system carbon emission cost construction submodule;

[0164] A submodule for constructing the total carbon emissions of non-thermal power generation units, which is used to construct a mathematical expression for the total carbon emissions of non-thermal power generation units based on the carbon emission factors of the non-thermal power generation units and the mathematical expression for the power generation of the non-thermal power generation units;

[0165] A submodule for constructing the total carbon emissions of thermal power units is used to construct a mathematical expression for the total carbon emissions of thermal power units based on the mathematical expression for the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power units and the mathematical expression for the power generation power of the thermal power units;

[0166] The system carbon emission cost construction submodule is used to construct a mathematical expression of the system carbon emission cost based on the mathematical expression of the total carbon emissions of non-thermal power units, the mathematical expression of the total carbon emissions of thermal power units, and the cost corresponding to unit carbon emissions.

[0167] It can be understood that the above-mentioned device embodiment corresponds to the method embodiment of the present invention, which can implement the thermal power peak-shaving transformation method considering the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power provided by any of the above-mentioned method embodiments of the present invention.

[0168] It should be noted that the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment. Furthermore, in the drawings of the device embodiments provided by the present invention, the connection relationship between modules indicates that they have a communication connection, which may be implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement the present invention without inventive effort.

[0169] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermal power peak regulation transformation method considering the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power, characterized by: include: Obtaining power system cost parameters, system characteristic parameters, unit attribute parameters, and power supply and demand parameters; The cost parameters include: the cost corresponding to the unit carbon emissions; the unit attribute parameters include: the carbon emission factor of the non-thermal power unit; According to the mathematical expression of the thermal power unit's generating power and the mathematical expression of the starting power, a mathematical expression of the unit load rate is constructed; Constructing a mathematical expression for the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit based on the mathematical expression for the unit load rate; Constructing a mathematical expression for the system carbon emission cost based on the mathematical expression for the power generation of the thermal power unit, the mathematical expression for the power generation of the non-thermal power unit, the cost corresponding to the unit carbon emission, the carbon emission factor of the non-thermal power unit, and the mathematical expression for the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit; Based on the mathematical expression of the system carbon emission cost, the cost parameters, the system characteristic parameters, the unit attribute parameters and the power supply and demand parameters, with the goal of minimizing the total operating cost, a low-carbon collaborative planning model is constructed, and power balance constraints, power generation technology constraints and system power generation adequacy reserve constraints are constructed; Under the constraints of the power balance constraint, the power generation technology constraint, and the system power generation adequacy reserve constraint, solving the low-carbon collaborative planning model to generate the minimum technical output of the modified thermal power unit with the minimum total operating cost; Thermal power peak regulation transformation is carried out according to the minimum technical output of the thermal power units after transformation.

2. The thermal power peak regulation transformation method considering the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power according to claim 1 is characterized in that: According to the mathematical expression of the unit load rate, a mathematical expression of the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit is constructed, including: According to the mathematical expression of the unit load rate, the mathematical expression of the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit is constructed by the following formula: ； in, represents the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power units, Indicates the unit load rate of the thermal power unit.

3. The thermal power peak regulation transformation method considering the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power according to claim 1 is characterized in that: According to the mathematical expression of the power generation of the thermal power unit, the mathematical expression of the power generation of the non-thermal power unit, the cost corresponding to the unit carbon emission, the carbon emission factor of the non-thermal power unit and the mathematical expression of the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit, a mathematical expression of the system carbon emission cost is constructed, including: Based on the carbon emission factors of non-thermal power units and the mathematical expressions of the power generation of non-thermal power units, a mathematical expression for the total carbon emissions of non-thermal power units is constructed; Based on the mathematical expression of the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit and the mathematical expression of the power generation capacity of the thermal power unit, a mathematical expression of the total carbon emissions of the thermal power unit is constructed; According to the mathematical expression of the total carbon emissions of non-thermal power units, the mathematical expression of the total carbon emissions of thermal power units and the cost corresponding to the unit carbon emissions, a mathematical expression of the system carbon emission cost is constructed.

4. The thermal power peak regulation transformation method considering the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The total operating cost includes: power system operation and maintenance costs and thermal power unit peak-shaving transformation costs; the power system operation and maintenance costs include: unit energy storage collaborative operation and maintenance costs, system carbon emission costs, system power curtailment costs and system power shortage costs.

5. The thermal power peak regulation transformation method considering the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The power balance constraint includes: ； in, represents the power flow from adjacent node j to node i, Represents the index of the node, represents the index of the adjacent nodes of node i, represents the real-time output power of the conventional generator set in node i, Indicates the number of conventional generator sets, represents the wind power of node i, represents the photovoltaic power of node i, represents the power shortage of node i, represents the abandoned power of node i, represents the incoming call to node i, represents the total load of node i.

6. The thermal power peak regulation transformation method considering the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The power generation technology constraints include: upper and lower output limits of conventional units, ramp-up constraints of conventional units, start-up and shutdown constraints of conventional units, and upper and lower limits of deep peak-shaving transformation of thermal power units; The conventional unit output upper and lower limit constraints include: ； The conventional unit climbing constraints include: ； ； The conventional unit start-up and shutdown constraints include: ； ； The upper and lower limit constraints for deep peak load regulation of thermal power units include: ； in, Indicates the start and stop status of the conventional unit g at time t, Indicates that the unit is started. Indicates the unit is shut down. and Respectively represent the minimum output power and maximum output power of conventional unit g, represents the real-time power generation of conventional unit g at time t, Indicates the index of the conventional unit, represents a collection of generator sets, represents the real-time power generation of electrochemical energy storage s at time t, and Respectively represent the ramp-up rate and ramp-down rate of conventional units, and They represent the minimum shutdown time and the minimum startup time of the unit at node i, respectively. Indicates the current calculation time, represents the startup status of the unit at node i at time t, Indicates that the unit of node i is turned on, Indicates that the unit of node i is shut down, Indicates the lower limit of deep peak regulation of thermal power units, Indicates the upper limit of deep peak regulation of thermal power units.

7. The thermal power peak regulation transformation method considering the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The system power generation adequacy reserve constraint includes: ； in, represents the credible capacity factor of conventional unit g, represents the system power generation adequacy coefficient, Indicates the index of important load, represents the important load set, It represents the power demand of important load z at time t.

8. A thermal power peak regulation transformation device considering the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power, characterized in that: include: System parameter acquisition module, load rate construction module, dynamic carbon emission factor construction module, carbon emission cost construction module, planning model construction module, planning model solution module and thermal power peak regulation transformation module; The system parameter acquisition module is used to obtain cost parameters, system characteristic parameters, unit attribute parameters and power supply and demand parameters of the power system; The cost parameters include: the cost corresponding to the unit carbon emissions; the unit attribute parameters include: the carbon emission factor of the non-thermal power unit; The load rate construction module is used to construct a mathematical expression for the unit load rate based on the mathematical expression for the generated power and the mathematical expression for the startup power of the thermal power unit; The dynamic carbon emission factor construction module is used to construct a mathematical expression of the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit based on the mathematical expression of the unit load rate; The carbon emission cost construction module is used to construct a mathematical expression of the system carbon emission cost based on the mathematical expression of the power generation power of the thermal power unit, the mathematical expression of the power generation power of the non-thermal power unit, the cost corresponding to the unit carbon emission, the carbon emission factor of the non-thermal power unit, and the mathematical expression of the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit; The planning model construction module is used to construct a low-carbon collaborative planning model based on the mathematical expression of the system carbon emission cost, the cost parameters, system characteristic parameters, unit attribute parameters and power supply and demand parameters, with the goal of minimizing the total operating cost, and to construct power balance constraints, power generation technology constraints and system power generation adequacy reserve constraints; The planning model solving module is used to solve the low-carbon collaborative planning model under the constraints of the power balance constraint, the power generation technology constraint, and the system power generation adequacy reserve constraint to generate the minimum technical output of the modified thermal power unit with the minimum total operating cost; The thermal power peak-shaving transformation module is used to perform thermal power peak-shaving transformation according to the minimum technical output of the thermal power unit after transformation.

9. The thermal power peak-shaving transformation device considering the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power according to claim 8, characterized in that: According to the mathematical expression of the unit load rate, the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit is constructed, including: According to the mathematical expression of the unit load rate, the mathematical expression of the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit is constructed by the following formula: ； in, represents the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power units, Indicates the unit load rate of the thermal power unit.

10. The thermal power peak-shaving transformation device considering the dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power according to claim 8, characterized in that: The carbon emission cost construction module includes: a non-thermal power unit total carbon emission construction submodule, a thermal power unit total carbon emission construction submodule and a system carbon emission cost construction submodule; The submodule for constructing the total carbon emissions of non-thermal power generation units is used to construct a mathematical expression for the total carbon emissions of non-thermal power generation units based on the carbon emission factors of the non-thermal power generation units and the mathematical expression for the power generation of the non-thermal power generation units; The total carbon emissions construction submodule of the thermal power unit is used to construct a mathematical expression of the total carbon emissions of the thermal power unit based on the mathematical expression of the dynamic carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit and the mathematical expression of the power generation power of the thermal power unit; The system carbon emission cost construction submodule is used to construct a mathematical expression of the system carbon emission cost based on the mathematical expression of the total carbon emissions of non-thermal power units, the mathematical expression of the total carbon emissions of thermal power units, and the cost corresponding to the unit carbon emissions.

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