Power module and electric machine controller, drive assembly and vehicle comprising same

Abstract

The application provides a power module, a motor controller, a driving assembly and a vehicle containing the same, and belongs to the technical field of vehicle driving control. The power module comprises a current conversion bridge; the current conversion bridge is a multi-phase circuit; wherein the current conversion bridge comprises at least one active switch chip and at least one passive freewheeling chip; in at least one bridge arm of the current conversion bridge, the ratio of the total area of the passive freewheeling chip to the total area of the active switch chip satisfies a first ratio, and the first ratio is greater than or equal to 0.6. The power module provided by the embodiment of the application realizes the miniaturization of the power module.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510276430.4, filed on March 7, 2025, entitled "Power Module and Motor Controller, Drive Assembly and Vehicle Including the Therein", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the technical field of vehicle drive control, and more specifically, to a power module and a motor controller, drive assembly and vehicle including the power module. Background Technology

[0003] With industrial advancements, hybrid vehicles have gained widespread popularity due to their combination of the advantages of traditional gasoline vehicles and new energy vehicles. The drive module and power generation module are crucial components of the electronic control system in hybrid vehicles.

[0004] To meet the performance requirements of hybrid vehicles, existing technologies employ a split architecture, designing the drive module and power generation module as two independent modules. The overall control system design must consider the production, installation, and assembly processes of these two independent modules. Existing technologies use independent half-bridge modules to form the drive and power generation modules, resulting in a large overall volume and a long housing along the arrangement of the independent half-bridges. Furthermore, the size of the drive and power generation modules determines the area of ​​the printed circuit board (PCB). In traditional processes, the PCB needs to be mounted on the power module, therefore the PCB's area and shape must be adapted to the power module. Simultaneously, the presence of auxiliary circuits in the electronic control module further increases the PCB size, requiring it to be at least larger than the power module. In addition, the increased area of ​​the drive and power generation modules leads to problems such as higher flow resistance in the cooling system's water channel structure, higher sealing requirements, higher costs, and lower space utilization.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to optimize the module design to reduce the size of the modules and the electronic control system, and reduce the cost of the electronic control system. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the technical problem of the large overall size of the drive module and power generation module in the prior art, embodiments of this application provide a power module and a motor controller, drive assembly and vehicle containing the module.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a power module, including a converter bridge; the converter bridge is a multiphase circuit.

[0008] The converter bridge includes at least one active switching chip and at least one passive freewheeling chip.

[0009] In at least one arm of the converter bridge, the ratio of the total area of ​​the passive freewheeling chip to the total area of ​​the active switching chip satisfies a first ratio, which is greater than or equal to 0.6.

[0010] Optionally, in at least one arm of the converter bridge, at least some of the passive freewheeling chips are paired with at least some of the active switching chips.

[0011] Optionally, the area ratio of at least one pair of the paired passive freewheeling chips to the area of ​​the active switching chip satisfies the first ratio.

[0012] Optionally, the first ratio is greater than or equal to 1.

[0013] Optionally, the first ratio is less than or equal to 2.

[0014] Optionally, the first ratio is less than or equal to 1.2.

[0015] Optionally, the power module includes at least one of a drive submodule and a generator module; the drive submodule is used to connect to a drive motor; the generator module is used to connect to a generator motor.

[0016] The drive submodule and / or the power generation module includes the converter bridge.

[0017] Optionally, the power module includes the drive submodule and the power generation module; the power generation module includes the converter bridge.

[0018] Optionally, the drive submodule is arranged in parallel with the generator module.

[0019] Optionally, at least one arm of the converter bridge is composed of two active switching chips and two passive freewheeling chips.

[0020] Optionally, at least two arms of the converter bridge are integrated on the same liner.

[0021] Optionally, the converter bridge is configured as follows:

[0022] In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0023] Optionally, at least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

[0024] Optionally, the power module further includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the power generation module share the same heat sink.

[0025] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a motor controller, including the power module as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0026] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a drive assembly, including the power module as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0027] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a vehicle including a power module as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0028] The power module, motor controller, drive assembly, and vehicle included therein provided in this application embodiment have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The power module provided in this application includes a converter bridge; the converter bridge is a multiphase circuit; wherein the converter bridge includes at least one active switching chip and at least one passive freewheeling chip; in at least one arm of the converter bridge, the ratio of the total area of ​​the passive freewheeling chip to the total area of ​​the active switching chip satisfies a first ratio, the first ratio being greater than or equal to 0.6, so as to reduce the losses of the converter bridge under power generation conditions, thereby enabling the converter bridge to use chips with smaller areas, and / or enabling the converter bridge to use fewer chips. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the background art, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application or the background art will be described below.

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the topology of a range-extended vehicle is shown.

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the topology of the drive module and the power generation module in the prior art is shown;

[0033] Figure 3 This shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the drive module and the power generation module in the prior art;

[0034] Figure 4 This paper shows an optional structural schematic diagram of the power module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 5 Figure (a) shows the relationship between the on-state current and voltage drop of the active switching chip. Figure 5 (b) shows a linear fit between the on-current and voltage drop of the active switching chip;

[0036] Figure 6 (a), (b), and (c) in the figure show the amplification factors of coefficients a, b, and c, respectively;

[0037] Figure 7 (a), (b), (c), and (d) in the figure show the coefficient a. fwd b fwd a rvs and b rvs Relationship with chip area;

[0038] Figure 8 The relationship between power generation efficiency and chip area, calculated based on actual operating conditions, is shown.

[0039] Figure 9 This illustration shows another optional structural diagram of the power module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 10 This illustration shows another optional structural diagram of the power module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 11 This illustration shows another optional structural diagram of the power module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 12 This invention illustrates an optional structural diagram of a DC terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 13 This invention illustrates an optional structural diagram of a DC terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of an optional structure of a DC terminal provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0045] The reference numerals in the figure represent:

[0046] 1-Driver submodule; 2-Power generation module; 11-Half-bridge unit; 111-First substrate; 112-First DC port; 113-First AC port; 114-First active switch chip; 115-First passive freewheeling chip; 21-Full-bridge unit; 211-Second substrate; 212-Second DC port; 213-Second AC port; 214-Second active switch chip; 215-Second passive freewheeling chip; 3-Magnetic core; 31-First terminal; 32-Second terminal; 311-First segment terminal; 312-Second segment terminal; 321-Third segment terminal; 322-Fourth segment terminal; 323-Fifth segment terminal; 4-Second heat dissipation structure; 5-Frame; 8-Capacitor; 81-Third terminal; 82-Fourth terminal. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the application. However, this application may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application will be thorough and complete.

[0048] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0049] New energy vehicles include electric drive systems, which use electricity to propel the vehicle. Taking range-extended electric vehicles as an example, their topology is as follows: Figure 1 As shown. The core component is the range extender, whose main function is to activate when the battery charge drops to a certain level, causing the engine to drive the generator to produce electricity. Part of the generated electricity can be used to power the drive motor, and the other part can be used to charge the battery.

[0050] Range-extended electric vehicles (REEVs) offer numerous advantages, including: for daily urban commutes, they can operate on pure electric power with zero emissions, reducing exhaust pollution and meeting environmental requirements. Furthermore, electric drive is more energy-efficient than gasoline drive, lowering energy consumption and operating costs.

[0051] Range-extended electric vehicles are equipped with an engine as a range extender. When the battery is low, the engine can start to generate electricity to provide continuous power to the vehicle, avoiding the range anxiety problem caused by the limited driving range of pure electric vehicles and making long-distance travel more convenient.

[0052] In addition, range-extended electric vehicles also have the following advantages in terms of driving experience:

[0053] Pure electric drive: The range-extended topology is essentially a pure electric drive system. The vehicle's power is entirely provided by the electric motor; the engine does not directly drive the vehicle but instead acts as a generator, starting when the battery is low to convert fuel into electricity to power the electric motor or charge the battery. This pure electric drive method ensures a single and pure power source, consistent with the drive system of pure electric vehicles, fundamentally guaranteeing a comfortable driving experience.

[0054] Rapid power response: The characteristics of an electric motor allow it to output maximum torque instantly. In range-extended electric vehicles, when the driver presses the accelerator pedal, the electric motor responds immediately, quickly delivering powerful acceleration for rapid start-up and acceleration. This instantaneous power response is far superior to traditional gasoline vehicles, giving the driver a more direct and rapid push-back feeling. Whether it's frequent start-stop maneuvers in urban traffic or overtaking maneuvers on highways, it can easily handle the situation, providing a smooth driving experience.

[0055] No power interruption: Since range-extended electric vehicles are always driven by an electric motor, there is no power interruption issue like that experienced during gear shifts in traditional gasoline vehicles. Power output remains continuous and smooth at both low and high speeds. Even when the battery is low and the engine starts generating electricity, the system uses precise control strategies to ensure that the electric motor's power output is unaffected, preventing any jerking or power interruption. This provides the driver with a consistently stable driving experience, enhancing driving comfort and safety.

[0056] However, in existing technologies, the electric drive assembly of range-extended electric vehicles includes components such as a generator, a drive motor, a generator controller, and a drive motor controller. The generator controller and drive motor controller are independent components, each with its own power supply (e.g., using diodes, IGBTs, SiC semiconductors for AC-DC conversion), current sensors, temperature sensors, and motor rotor position sensors. This results in high weight, size, and cost, necessitating optimization.

[0057] Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the topology of the drive module and power generation module in an existing range-extended electric vehicle. (See also...) Figure 2 The drive module converts the direct current (DC) from the high-voltage battery into alternating current (AC) to drive the drive motor, providing torque to rotate the wheels. The generator module converts the AC output from the generator back into DC to charge the high-voltage battery or power the drive motor. Figure 2 The power generation module shown as an example is a three-phase full-bridge circuit; the drive module consists of three independent half-bridges, which can also be considered as forming a three-phase full-bridge circuit. See also Figure 2 The power generation module / drive module provided in this application (taking a 3-phase full bridge as an example) includes three bridge arms (or a bridge arm group). Each bridge arm includes an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm. The upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm respectively include an active switching chip and a passive freewheeling chip connected in parallel with it. Figure 2Only one possible connection method between the wheel and the drive motor is shown. In some exemplary embodiments, the wheel and drive motor are directly connected. In still other exemplary embodiments, a single-speed reducer or reduction gear is coupled between the wheel and the drive motor.

[0058] Figure 3 This diagram illustrates the structural schematics of the drive module and power generation module in an existing range-extended electric vehicle. (For example...) Figure 3 As shown, existing drive and power generation modules both use half-bridge modules as the smallest unit. The three half-bridge modules from the left are drive modules, and the three from the right are power generation modules. These half-bridge modules are the bridge arms mentioned above, and each half-bridge module (i.e., each bridge arm) corresponds to one phase in a multi-phase full-bridge circuit (e.g., a three-phase full-bridge circuit). It can be seen that the length along the direction of the half-bridge module arrangement is relatively long. In existing technologies, the drive and power generation modules each have independent heat dissipation backplates. Because hybrid vehicles need to accommodate components such as the engine, generator, electronic control system, battery, fuel tank, and transmission system simultaneously, the interior space is limited. Simply packaging the drive and power generation modules together without reducing their size will not reduce their space requirements; instead, it may lead to greater space waste and will not reduce production costs. Therefore, the integration of the drive and power generation modules requires not only integration but also miniaturization after integration.

[0059] The inventors of this application unexpectedly discovered that the balance between the operating conditions and power generation efficiency of the power generation module is a crucial factor restricting the miniaturization of the power generation module in hybrid vehicles. This, in turn, restricts the integration of the drive module and the power generation module.

[0060] Specifically, taking a power module (drive module or power generation module) using an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) as an example, it includes an IGBT chip and a Fast Recovery Diode (FRD) chip. When the IGBT chip acts as an active switch, it generates switching losses and conduction losses. At this time, there are no losses for the IGBT itself, but the FRD generates conduction losses and reverse recovery losses. For the drive module, the main consideration is output current capability. Based on the loss distribution under different operating conditions, the IGBT loss accounts for approximately 70%, and the FRD loss accounts for approximately 30%. For the power generation module, while meeting the output current capability, power generation efficiency must also be considered. Under power generation conditions, the IGBT loss accounts for 30%, and the FRD loss accounts for 70%. It is evident that the losses of the converter bridge differ under different operating conditions. Therefore, this application provides a power module including a converter bridge. This converter bridge is a multi-phase circuit. The converter bridge includes at least one active switching chip and at least one passive freewheeling chip. In at least one arm of the converter bridge, the ratio of the total area of ​​the passive freewheeling chip to the total area of ​​the active switching chip satisfies a first ratio value, which is greater than or equal to 0.6. This reduces losses in the converter bridge during power generation, allowing for the use of smaller chip areas and a reduction in the number of chips used in the converter bridge. Therefore, the first ratio value in the ratio of the total area of ​​the passive freewheeling chip to the total area of ​​the active switching chip in at least one arm of the converter bridge facilitates miniaturization of the power module. For example, as... Figure 4 As shown, at least one arm of the converter bridge provided in this application consists of two active switching chips 214 and two passive freewheeling chips 215. It should be noted that the converter bridge provided in this embodiment is a multi-phase circuit, where each phase circuit corresponds to one arm.

[0061] According to some optional embodiments, in at least one arm of the converter bridge, at least some passive freewheeling chips are paired with at least some active switching chips. For example, one active switching chip is paired with multiple passive freewheeling chips. Another example is that multiple active switching chips are paired with one passive freewheeling chip. Yet another example is that multiple active switching chips are paired with multiple passive freewheeling chips. According to still some optional embodiments, the area ratio of at least one pair of paired passive freewheeling chips to active switching chips conforms to a first ratio.

[0062] According to embodiments of this application, the power module includes at least one of a drive submodule and a generator module. The drive submodule is used to connect to a drive motor; the generator module is used to connect to a generator motor. The drive submodule and / or generator module includes the converter bridge provided in any embodiment of this application. When the generator module is in generator mode, the ratio of the total area of ​​the passive freewheeling chip in at least one bridge arm to the total area of ​​the active switching chip satisfies a first ratio, reducing the converter bridge loss of the generator module. This allows for the use of smaller chips and occupies less area while maintaining the same chip area, which is beneficial for the integration of the generator module. When the drive submodule is in generator mode, the ratio of the total area of ​​the passive freewheeling chip in at least one bridge arm to the total area of ​​the active switching chip satisfies the first ratio, reducing the converter bridge loss in the drive submodule. According to embodiments of this application, when the vehicle needs to accelerate, the drive submodule can convert the DC power output from the battery into AC power; when the vehicle needs to decelerate, the drive motor switches to generator mode, and the drive submodule rectifies the AC power into DC power. It should be understood that hybrid vehicles in this application include range-extended electric vehicles and dual-mode intelligent hybrid vehicles (DMI).

[0063] According to some optional implementation methods, such as Figure 4 As shown, the power module includes a drive submodule 1 and a power generation module 2, wherein the power generation module 2 includes the converter bridge provided in any embodiment of this application. For example, as... Figure 4 As shown, the drive submodule 1 and the generator module 2 are arranged side by side.

[0064] According to the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 4 As shown, the converter bridge is configured such that the upper and lower bridge arms of the same bridge arm are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. For example, as... Figure 4 As shown, the converter bridge in the power generation module 2 includes three bridge arms, which correspond to the three phases U, V, and W respectively.

[0065] Since the total area of ​​the passive freewheeling chip and the total area of ​​the active switching chip in at least one arm of the converter bridge provided in this application embodiment meet the first ratio, the loss of the converter bridge under power generation conditions is reduced, and at least two arms of the converter bridge are integrated on the same substrate.

[0066] The inventors of this application unexpectedly discovered that the area ratio of the active switching chip to the passive freewheeling chip in the power generation module 2 has a significant impact on the power generation efficiency of the power generation equipment. Furthermore, the inventors found that increasing the chip area does not necessarily lead to a continuous increase in power generation efficiency; a balance must be struck between chip area and power generation efficiency. Calculations based on power generation conditions, stall conditions, and actual application scenario requirements show that, under the same operating conditions, when the area ratio of the active switching chip to the passive freewheeling chip meets a first ratio value, the power generation efficiency is significantly improved. In other words, compared to existing power generation modules, at the same power generation efficiency, the converter bridge provided in this application has lower losses when the area ratio of the active switching chip to the passive freewheeling chip meets the first ratio value. The detailed calculation process, taking one arm of the converter bridge provided in this application as an example, is as follows.

[0067] According to the efficiency calculation formula:

[0068] (1)

[0069] Where η is the power generation efficiency, P in For input power, P out For output power, P loss This represents the total electrical control losses.

[0070] (2)

[0071] Where P1 is the total loss of the active switching chip, P2 is the total loss of the passive freewheeling chip, and P... cu This refers to copper busbar losses.

[0072] (3)

[0073] Among them, P con1 For the conduction loss of the active switching chip, P swon For the turn-on loss of the active switching chip, P swoff This refers to the turn-off loss of the active switching chip.

[0074] (4)

[0075] Among them, P con2 For the conduction loss of the passive freewheeling chip, P swrec This refers to the reverse recovery loss of the passive freewheeling chip.

[0076] Therefore, the total electronic control loss can be obtained:

[0077] (5)

[0078] Taking one electrical cycle as an example, during the positive half-cycle of the current, the upper bridge active switch chip acts as a hard switch, incurring switching losses, while the lower bridge active switch chip acts as a zero-voltage switch, incurring no switching losses. During the negative half-cycle of the current: the lower bridge active switch chip acts as a hard switch, and the upper bridge active switch chip acts as a zero-voltage switch. Therefore, integrating the switching losses over half an electrical cycle and averaging over the entire electrical cycle yields the average switching loss. The formula for calculating the average switching loss is as follows:

[0079] (6)

[0080] Among them, P sw V is the average switching loss over one electrical cycle. DC I is the bus voltage. D For, T j The junction temperature of the active switching chip is T0, the cycle time is E. sw For, f sw This represents the switching frequency.

[0081] The switching loss of an active switching chip can be expressed as:

[0082] (7)

[0083] Where P swon Factor Vdcon b1 represents the turn-on loss voltage coefficient of the active switching chip. on b2 is the coefficient of the first term in the relationship between the turn-on energy coefficient and current of the active switching chip. on b3 represents the quadratic coefficient of the relationship between the turn-on energy coefficient and current for an active switching chip. on I is the coefficient of the cubic term in the relationship between the turn-on energy coefficient and current of the active switching chip. p It represents electric current.

[0084]

[0085] Where P swoff Factor Vdcoff b1 represents the turn-off loss voltage coefficient of the active switching chip. off b2 is the coefficient of the first term in the relationship between the turn-off energy coefficient and current of the active switching chip. off b3 represents the coefficient of the quadratic term in the relationship between the turn-off energy coefficient and current of an active switching chip. off I is the coefficient of the cubic term in the relationship between the turn-off energy coefficient and current of an active switching chip. p It represents electric current.

[0086] The reverse recovery loss of a passive freewheeling chip can be expressed as:

[0087]

[0088] Where P swrec Factor is used to reverse recover losses in passive freewheeling chips. Vdcrec b1 represents the reverse recovery loss voltage coefficient of the passive freewheeling chip. rec b2 is the coefficient of the first term in the relationship between the reverse recovery energy coefficient and current of a passive freewheeling chip. rec b3 represents the quadratic coefficient of the reverse recovery energy coefficient versus current relationship in a passive freewheeling chip. rec Ip is the coefficient of the cubic term in the relationship between the reverse recovery energy coefficient and the current of the passive freewheeling chip.

[0089] Copper busbar losses can be expressed as

[0090] (10)

[0091] Among them, I dc For input DC current, I ac For the output phase current, I c This is the capacitor ripple current.

[0092] Furthermore, taking one electrical cycle as an example, during the positive half-cycle of the current, when the upper bridge active switch chip is turned on, the current flowing through the active switch chip generates forward conduction loss. When the active switch chip is turned off, the current flows through the lower bridge passive freewheeling chip. During the negative half-cycle of the current, when the lower bridge active switch chip is turned on, the current flowing through the active switch chip generates forward conduction loss. When the active switch chip is turned off, the current flows through the upper bridge passive freewheeling chip. Therefore, without considering the dead time, within one electrical cycle, the active switch chip only generates forward conduction loss according to the corresponding half-cycle of the current cycle. Therefore, by integrating the loss over one current cycle according to the duty cycle and averaging, the average conduction loss can be obtained. The fitting result for the upper bridge is as follows:

[0093] (11)

[0094] Conduction loss refers to the loss of an active switching chip after it is turned on. When the active switching chip is turned on, its internal resistance changes with current and temperature; for example... Figure 5 As shown in (a), I c and V ce The relationship is not linear; for example... Figure 5 As shown in (b) of the diagram, R 2 R is the square of the linear fit R. 2 The closer the value is to 1, the better the fit. It can be seen that when expressed in polynomial form, the fit is higher and closer to reality. At this point, the conduction loss of the active switching chip can be expressed as...

[0095] (12)

[0096] Where m is the modulation index and D is the duty cycle.

[0097] The duty cycle D can be expressed as:

[0098] (13)

[0099] Where, θ= t, φ is the angular frequency, t is time, and φ is the phase difference between voltage and current.

[0100] Therefore, the result of integrating the conduction loss of the active switching chip is:

[0101] (14)

[0102] Where a fwd b is the coefficient of the quadratic term in the voltage drop versus current relationship of the active switching chip. fwd c is the coefficient of the first term in the relationship between voltage drop and current of an active switching chip. fwd p is the constant term coefficient in the relationship between voltage drop and current of an active switching chip. f The power factor.

[0103] Similarly, the conduction loss of a passive freewheeling chip can be expressed as:

[0104] (15)

[0105] Among them, a rvs b is the coefficient of the quadratic term in the relationship between voltage drop and current of a passive freewheeling chip. rvs c is the coefficient of the first term in the relationship between voltage drop and current of a passive freewheeling chip. rvs This is the constant coefficient of the relationship between voltage drop and current in a passive freewheeling chip.

[0106] Since changes in the integrated circuit area have no effect on the switching losses of active switching chips and passive freewheeling chips, the switching losses of active switching chips, the reverse recovery losses of passive freewheeling chips, and the copper busbar losses can be simplified as follows:

[0107] (16)

[0108] (17)

[0109] (18)

[0110] (19)

[0111] Therefore, the total dynamic loss P can be unified. sw :

[0112] (twenty one)

[0113] Therefore, the total electronic control loss can be further expressed as:

[0114] (twenty two)

[0115] As can be seen from the above, the analysis Figure 6 Combining (a) and (b) with formulas (12) and (14), it is found that the conduction loss is mainly related to the power factor p. f The modulation index m is related to the polynomial coefficients (a, b, c); the power factor p f The modulation index m is mainly affected by the motor. Specifically, for the total loss of the active switching chip, the coefficient a is... The coefficient b is The coefficient c is For the total loss of the passive freewheeling chip, the coefficient 'a' is... The coefficient b is The coefficient c is .

[0116] Based on the operating condition evaluation of range-extended new energy vehicles, the power factor p f Under power generation conditions, the regulation system m determines the power factor p. f The main operating conditions are above -0.9; the regulation value m is mainly in the range of 0.3 to 0.7. Therefore, for the analysis of these special operating conditions, formulas (12) and (14) can be compared with p as follows. f The parameters related to m are divided into amplification factors of a, b, and c, and the analysis is based on the actual parameter values. For example... Figure 6 As shown, using FRD chips and IGBT chips as examples, the amplification factors of coefficients a, b, and c of the FRD chip are much greater than those of the IGBT chip. From... Figure 6 It can be seen that under power generation conditions, the conduction loss Pcon2 of the FRD (passive freewheeling chip) is greater than the conduction loss Pcon1 of the IGBT (active switching chip). Therefore, to improve power generation efficiency, the conduction loss can be further reduced. Moreover, compared with the active switching chip, the conduction loss of the passive freewheeling chip has greater room for optimization, and reducing the loss of the passive freewheeling chip will generate greater benefits.

[0117] Combining formulas (14) and (15), a fwd and a rvs A negative number indicates that the smaller the area of ​​the active switching chip, the higher the power generation efficiency; b fwd and b rvsThe value is negative; the larger the area of ​​the passive freewheeling chip, the higher the power generation efficiency. Figure 7 (a), (b), (c), and (d) in the figure show the coefficient a. fwd b fwd a rvs and b rvs Relationship with chip area. Figure 8 The relationship between power generation efficiency and chip area, calculated based on the actual operating conditions of range-extended vehicles, is shown. Figure 8 (a) shows the relationship between the area ratio of the passive freewheeling chip to the active switching chip and the power generation efficiency of the power generation module under the operating conditions of a 400V range-extended hybrid vehicle. Figure 8 (b) shows the relationship between the area ratio of the passive freewheeling chip to the active switching chip and the power generation efficiency of the generator module under the operating conditions of an 800V range-extended hybrid vehicle. See also Figure 8 When the area ratio is greater than or equal to 0.6, a good balance is found between efficiency and chip area. When the area ratio is less than or equal to 1, the power generation efficiency increases with the increase of the area ratio of the passive freewheeling chip and the active switching chip. When the area ratio is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 1.2, the growth trend of power generation efficiency slows down, and the growth trend slows down further after the area ratio exceeds 1.2. When the area ratio is greater than or equal to 1.2 and less than or equal to 2, the growth of power generation efficiency gradually enters a plateau period. Therefore, under the premise of meeting the output current capability, with the same chip area, the larger the area of ​​the passive freewheeling chip, the higher the power generation efficiency. When the output current capability is determined, keeping the area of ​​the active switching chip constant, increasing the area of ​​the passive freewheeling chip further improves the power generation efficiency. Therefore, controlling the area ratio of the passive freewheeling chip to the active switching chip in at least one arm of the converter bridge can reduce losses, allowing the converter bridge to use chips with smaller areas for the same output current capability.

[0118] For range-extended electric vehicles, based on power generation conditions, stall conditions, and actual vehicle application scenarios, calculations show that when the ratio of the total area of ​​the passive freewheeling chips to the total area of ​​the active switching chips in the converter bridge meets a first ratio (greater than or equal to 0.6), a good balance is achieved between power generation efficiency and chip area. Therefore, while ensuring output current capability and power generation efficiency, the converter bridge loss is minimized. For example, the first ratio is greater than or equal to 0.6 and less than or equal to 1. Another example is a ratio greater than or equal to 0.6 and less than or equal to 1.2. Yet another example is a ratio of the total area of ​​the passive freewheeling chips to the total area of ​​the active switching chips in the converter bridge greater than or equal to 0.6 and less than or equal to 2. In other words, as long as there is at least one pair of passive freewheeling chips whose total area to the total area of ​​the active switching chips meets the first ratio, the highest power generation efficiency can be achieved with the smallest possible substrate area.

[0119] According to the embodiments of this application, the area ratio of the passive freewheeling chip and the active switching chip connected in parallel in at least one bridge arm of the converter bridge in the power generation module 2 satisfies a first ratio, thereby reducing the losses of the converter bridge in the power generation module under power generation conditions. Consequently, for the same operating conditions and design requirements, the total number of chips required is also reduced accordingly. For example, in the prior art, each phase of a three-phase power generation module includes 6 active switching chips and 6 passive freewheeling chips in its corresponding bridge arm. However, as... Figure 4 As shown in the embodiment of this application, each phase of the power generation module requires only 2 active switching chips and 2 passive freewheeling chips for each phase of the bridge arm.

[0120] The inventors discovered that the wide operating conditions and high dynamic load requirements of the drive module make its miniaturization difficult. In contrast, the power generation module has a single driving condition, pursues steady-state output, and has lower dynamic response requirements. Therefore, miniaturization of the power generation module is key to integrating the drive and power generation modules. Exemplarily, this application provides a power module including a converter bridge for rectification or inversion. Specifically, the converter bridge includes a first number of active switching chips and a second number of passive freewheeling chips paired with at least some of the active switching chips. The ratio of the total area of ​​at least one pair of paired passive freewheeling chips to the total area of ​​the active switching chips satisfies a first ratio to reduce converter bridge losses, thereby allowing the first number of active switching chips and the second number of passive freewheeling chips to be integrated into a smaller space. It should be noted that the first and second numbers are determined by actual design requirements. Optionally, the first number is equal to the second number. Optionally, the first number is greater than the second number. Also optional, the first number is less than the second number. For example, when the AC power corresponding to the power module is multiphase, at least two phase-corresponding bridge arms in the converter bridge of the power generation module are integrated on the same substrate. For example, in the converter bridge of the drive submodule, bridge arms corresponding to different phases are respectively arranged on independent substrates according to phase.

[0121] It should be further clarified that, for the sake of distinction, the converter bridge in the generator module will be referred to as the rectifier bridge, and the converter bridge in the drive submodule will be referred to as the inverter bridge. This does not mean that their functions are limited to only rectification or inversion. For example, when the drive motor outputs negative torque, the inverter bridge of the drive submodule performs rectification.

[0122] like Figure 4 As shown, a first aspect of this application provides a power module. Specifically, the integrated power device includes a drive submodule 1 (and... Figure 2 The principle of the drive module is the same) and / or the electronic module 2 (with Figure 2At least one of the following (with the same principle as the generator module): Drive submodule 1 is configured to invert or rectify the power according to the driving state of the hybrid vehicle; generator module 2 is configured to rectify the AC power output from the generator of the hybrid vehicle.

[0123] The power generation module 2 includes a rectifier bridge. The rectifier bridge includes a first number of active switching chips and a second number of passive freewheeling chips paired with at least a portion of the active switching chips, wherein the second number is less than or equal to the first number. The area ratio of at least one pair of paired passive freewheeling chips to the active switching chips satisfies a first ratio to reduce the losses of the rectifier bridge, thereby enabling the first number of active switching chips and the second number of passive freewheeling chips to be integrated into a smaller space.

[0124] According to an optional embodiment of this application, the drive submodule 1 includes an inverter bridge. The inverter bridge includes a third number of active switching chips and a fourth number of passive freewheeling chips arranged in pairs with at least a portion of the active switching chips, wherein the fourth number is less than or equal to the third number.

[0125] Optionally, the area ratio of at least one pair of passive freewheeling chips to the active switching chips in the inverter bridge satisfies a preset ratio to reduce the losses of the rectifier bridge, thereby enabling the third number of active switching chips and the fourth number of passive freewheeling chips to reduce the losses of the drive submodule under power generation conditions. It should be understood that the first and second numbers are determined by the number of phases corresponding to the rectifier bridge in the power generation module 2; the third and fourth numbers are determined by the number of phases corresponding to the inverter bridge in the drive submodule 1. In some optional embodiments, based on requirements such as increased power level and redundancy design, the number of active switching chips is greater than the number of phases required by the drive submodule 1 or the power generation module 2. For example, in the prior art, each bridge arm in the drive submodule requires 6 active switching chips and 6 passive freewheeling chips, while... Figure 4 As shown, the driver submodule provided in this application requires only 4 active switching chips and 4 passive freewheeling chips per bridge arm.

[0126] Optionally, the area of ​​the active switching chip in the inverter bridge is not equal to the area of ​​the active switching chip in the rectifier bridge. Since the output current of the drive submodule is greater than the output current of the generator module, the area of ​​the active switching chip in the drive submodule is typically larger than the area of ​​the active switching chip in the generator module.

[0127] According to an optional embodiment of this application, the driving submodule 1 includes a first number of half-bridge units 11. Each of the first number of half-bridge units 11 includes a first substrate 111 and a half-bridge circuit disposed on one side of the first substrate 111. For example, as... Figure 4As shown, the driving submodule 1 includes three independent half-bridge units 11, corresponding to the U phase, V phase, and W phase from left to right, respectively. See also Figure 4 Each half-bridge unit includes the upper bridge of the half-bridge circuit. Figure 4 The 2x2 chip array shown at the upper position; the lower bridge includes Figure 4 The 2x2 chip array shown is located at the bottom.

[0128] According to an optional embodiment of this application, the power generation module 2 includes a full-bridge unit 21. The full-bridge unit 21 includes a second substrate 211 and a rectifier bridge disposed on one side of the second substrate 211. The power generation module 2 includes a full-bridge unit 21. The full-bridge unit 21 includes a second substrate 211 and a full-bridge circuit disposed on one side of the second substrate 211. Compared to the power generation module composed of multiple independent half-bridge modules in the prior art, the power generation module 2 provided in this embodiment uses a full-bridge circuit, reducing the size along the arrangement direction of the drive module and the power generation module. Similar to the drive submodule, Figure 4 The chip array positioned higher in the middle belongs to the upper bridge of the full-bridge circuit; the chip array positioned lower in the middle belongs to the lower bridge of the full-bridge circuit. For example, for a three-phase AC signal, Figure 4 In the full-bridge circuit, the three columns of chips from left to right correspond to the U phase, V phase, and W phase, respectively. It should be noted that the upper and lower bridges in the half-bridge and full-bridge circuits of this application are staggered to reduce parasitic inductance.

[0129] It should be noted that the first liner 111 and the second liner 211 provided in this application embodiment are collectively referred to as liners. Compared with the power generation module composed of multiple independent half-bridge modules in the prior art, the power generation module 2 provided in this application embodiment adopts a full-bridge circuit, reducing the size along the arrangement direction of the drive module and the power generation module. Similar to the drive submodule, Figure 4 The chip array positioned higher in the middle belongs to the upper bridge of the full-bridge circuit; the chip array positioned lower in the middle belongs to the lower bridge of the full-bridge circuit. For example, for a three-phase AC signal, Figure 4 The three columns of chips in the full-bridge circuit from left to right correspond to the U phase, V phase, and W phase, respectively.

[0130] It should be noted that the upper and lower bridges in the converter bridge of this application are staggered in position to reduce parasitic inductance. For example, the rectifier bridge is a multi-phase full-bridge circuit. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 The chip layout of the converter bridge in this application satisfies the following: the upper and lower bridge arms corresponding to the same phase are arranged along a first direction; the bridge arms corresponding to different phases are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. For example, as shown... Figure 4 As shown, in the same bridge arm, the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm are in the second direction ( Figure 4There is an offset in the horizontal direction to reduce parasitic inductance. The geometric centers of the active switching chips in the upper and lower bridge arms of the same phase are offset along a second direction; or, the geometric centers of the passive freewheeling chips in the upper and lower bridge arms of the same phase are offset along a second direction. For example, as... Figure 4 As shown, the chip layout of this multiphase full-bridge circuit satisfies the following: the central axis along the DC port lead-out direction is the axis of symmetry, and the lower bridge arms corresponding to different phases are axially symmetrically distributed. Since the ratio of the total area of ​​the passive freewheeling chips to the total area of ​​the active switching chips in the converter bridge satisfies the first ratio, increasing the proportion of the passive chip area makes the heat generation of the active switching chips more significant. Therefore, distributing the active switching chips and increasing the distance between the active switching chips in the upper and lower bridge arms helps reduce thermal coupling between the upper and lower bridge arms.

[0131] For example, at least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are positioned near both ends of the liner in the first direction. This facilitates a distributed arrangement of the active switching chips, reducing thermal coupling between the upper and lower bridge arms. Figure 4 As shown, in the drive submodule, along the first direction, the first active switch chip 114 is located near both ends of the substrate; in the power module, along the first direction, the second active switch chip 214 is located near both ends of the substrate.

[0132] It should be noted that, see Figure 4 The first active switch chip 114 of the half-bridge circuit in the sub-driving module and the second active switch chip 214 of the full-bridge circuit in the power generation module provided in this application embodiment are collectively referred to as active switch chips. The first passive freewheeling chip 115 of the half-bridge circuit in the sub-driving module and the second passive freewheeling chip 215 of the full-bridge circuit in the power generation module provided in this application embodiment are collectively referred to as passive freewheeling chips.

[0133] According to embodiments of this application, the active switching chip includes a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), an insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), a silicon carbide field-effect transistor (SiC MOSFET), a gallium nitride field-effect transistor (GaNFET), and a bipolar junction transistor (BJT). In some alternative embodiments, the passive freewheeling chip includes a diode, such as an FRD or a Schottky diode. It should be understood that the diode provided in the embodiments of this application can be a silicon diode or a silicon carbide diode.

[0134] It should be noted that the inverter bridge in the drive module can also function as a rectifier bridge under certain operating conditions. For example, when a hybrid vehicle performs kinetic energy recovery, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the inverter bridge of the drive submodule converts the AC power generated by the drive motor into DC power to replenish the high-voltage battery.

[0135] Based on a similar principle, controlling the area ratio of the passive freewheeling chip to the corresponding active switching chip in the driver submodule can also reduce the loss of the driver submodule, thereby achieving miniaturization and integration of the driver submodule.

[0136] According to the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 4 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, in the power module provided in this application embodiment, the drive submodule 1 and the generator module 2 are arranged side by side, and the generator module 2 is disposed on either side of the drive submodule 1. For example, as... Figure 4 and Figure 9 As shown, the generator module 2 is located to the right of the drive submodule 1. For example, as... Figure 10 As shown, the generator module 2 is located to the left of the drive submodule 1.

[0137] According to some optional implementation methods, such as Figure 4 As shown, for at least one half-bridge unit in the driver submodule, the active switching chip in the half-bridge circuit is closer to the edge of the first substrate than the passive freewheeling chip. According to some alternative implementations, such as... Figure 4As shown, for the full-bridge unit 21 of the power generation module 2, the active switching chip in the full-bridge circuit is closer to the edge of the first substrate than the passive freewheeling chip. More specifically, in the half-bridge circuit, the active switching chip is closer to the first DC port 112 and the first AC port 113 than the passive freewheeling chip; in the full-bridge circuit, the active switching chip is closer to the second DC port 212 and the second AC port 213 than the passive freewheeling chip. This chip layout further reduces the coupling of the active switching chip, which is beneficial for reducing the area of ​​the first or second substrate.

[0138] According to some alternative implementations, for the half-bridge unit 11 of the drive submodule 1, the lower bridge circuit in the half-bridge circuit is a Kelvin terminal-based structure. Optionally, for the full-bridge unit 21 of the power generation module 2, the full-bridge circuit is a Kelvin terminal-based structure. When the active switching chip in the lower arm of the converter bridge is turned off, the sudden change in the main circuit current will generate a voltage spike on the parasitic inductance. This spike coupled to the gate will cause turn-off delay or oscillation. Using a Kelvin terminal structure can independently return the drive current, ensuring that the gate voltage quickly stabilizes to zero, shortening the turn-off time, and reducing tail current and losses. Therefore, the lower bridge circuit based on Kelvin terminals is beneficial to reducing the switching losses of the active switching chip. Referring to the aforementioned derivation process, for the power generation module 2, reducing the losses of the active switching chip is beneficial to further reducing the area of ​​the second substrate and promoting the miniaturization of the power generation module 2.

[0139] According to embodiments of this application, the first and / or second substrates provided in this application include a substrate. One side surface of the substrate includes at least one conductor covering area. An electrode of any one of a first number of active switching chips and a second number of passive freewheeling chips is electrically connected to the conductor covering area, enabling the chip to be electrically connected to the DC port of the rectifier bridge via the conductor covering area. Optionally, at least one conductor covering area includes a first conductor covering area and a second conductor covering area that are insulated from each other. The first conductor covering area and the second conductor covering area can be connected to the positive and negative terminals of the DC port, respectively.

[0140] According to an optional embodiment of this application, the rectifier bridge is a multi-phase full-bridge circuit. Each phase of the multi-phase full-bridge circuit includes an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm. The upper bridge arm is disposed in the first conductor coverage area, and the lower bridge arm is disposed in the second conductor coverage area. Optionally, the collector of the active switching chip of the upper bridge arm is electrically connected to the first conductor coverage area; the cathode of the passive freewheeling chip of the upper bridge arm is electrically connected to the first coverage area. Alternatively, the emitter of the active switching chip of the lower bridge arm is electrically connected to the second conductor coverage area; the anode of the passive freewheeling chip of the lower bridge arm is electrically connected to the second conductor coverage area.

[0141] Exemplarily, the substrate includes a direct-bonded copper ceramic substrate (DBC). Optionally, the second substrate 211 includes a direct-bonded copper ceramic substrate (DBC). The direct-bonded copper ceramic substrate includes a first copper layer, a substrate, and a second copper layer; the first copper layer and the second copper layer are bonded to two opposite surfaces of the substrate, forming a "copper-ceramic-copper" sandwich structure. Exemplarily, at least one conductive coverage area is formed on one side surface of the ceramic substrate; the first copper layer / or the second copper layer forms a copper pattern in the at least one conductive coverage area. Exemplarily, two mutually insulated copper patterns are formed on one side surface of the substrate. The DBC structure ensures the consistency of parasitic inductance in the upper and lower bridges, reduces stray inductance in the system, and requires a smaller heat dissipation area for the same power demand, which is beneficial for miniaturizing the drive submodule 1 and the power generation module 2. Optionally, the ceramic substrate material includes any one of silicon nitride (Si3N4), aluminum nitride (AlN), or alumina (Al3O3). Preferably, for the drive submodule, its circuitry is mounted on a silicon nitride ceramic substrate. Therefore, when the power generation module 2 employs a full-bridge circuit, the DBC structure can further reduce the area of ​​the second substrate while maintaining power generation efficiency, thereby reducing the volume of the power generation module 2. Simultaneously, the use of a DBC structure as a substrate for the half-bridge unit in the drive submodule 1 further reduces the volume of the drive submodule, which is beneficial for the integration and miniaturization of the power module provided in this application.

[0142] According to some optional embodiments, the power module provided in this application further includes a first heat dissipation structure. The first heat dissipation structure is disposed on the side of the first substrate 111 where the half-bridge circuit is disposed, and / or, the first heat dissipation structure is disposed on the side of the second substrate 211 where the full-bridge circuit is disposed. Optionally, the first heat dissipation structure is a ceramic material based on active metal brazing (AMB). The AMB material is patterned on the side of the first substrate 111 and the second substrate 211 where the circuit is disposed, which is beneficial to improving the heat dissipation effect of the drive submodule 1 and the power generation module 2.

[0143] According to some alternative embodiments, the power module provided in this application further includes a second heat dissipation structure 4. The second heat dissipation structure 4 is disposed on the side of the first substrate 111 opposite to the half-bridge circuit and / or the side of the second substrate 211 opposite to the full-bridge circuit; and the first substrate 111 of the first number of half-bridge units 11 and the second substrate 211 of the full-bridge unit 21 are all located within the projection range of the second heat dissipation structure 4. Exemplarily, the first substrate 111 of the first number of half-bridge units 11 and the second substrate 211 of the full-bridge unit 21 are all located within the projection range of the same second heat dissipation structure 4. That is, the drive submodule 1 and the power generation module 2 share the second heat dissipation structure 4. Exemplarily, as... Figure 9 As shown, the second heat dissipation structure is a heat sink. Since the ratio of the total area of ​​the passive freewheeling chip of at least one bridge arm of the converter bridge provided in this application to the total area of ​​the active switching chip satisfies the first ratio, the chip area of ​​the converter bridge is reduced, thereby enabling the drive submodule 1 and the generator module 2 to share the same heat sink.

[0144] According to an optional embodiment of this application, the second heat dissipation structure 4 includes a cooling substrate and heat dissipation fins. The heat dissipation fins are disposed on the side of the cooling substrate opposite to the first and / or second substrate. This reduces the heat dissipation area and cost of the second heat dissipation structure compared to the split design in the prior art. For the second heat dissipation structure using a liquid medium to promote cooling, the miniaturization of the power generation module 2 reduces the requirement for the heat dissipation area of ​​the second heat dissipation structure, thereby reducing the design and manufacturing difficulty of the water channels in the second heat dissipation structure.

[0145] According to embodiments of this application, the sub-power module further includes a housing, which comprises a frame and a cover. The drive sub-module and the power generation module provided in this application share the same frame. In some embodiments, such as Figure 9 and Figure 11 As shown, the power submodule provided in this application also includes a frame 5. The frame 5 is disposed on the side of the cooling substrate of the second heat dissipation structure away from the heat dissipation fins. The first number of half-bridge units 11 of the drive submodule 1 and the full-bridge units 12 of the power generation module 2 are disposed within the area enclosed by the outline of the frame 5. Optionally, the space between the frame 5 and the drive submodule 1 and the power generation module 2 is filled with a heat dissipation medium (e.g., silicone). The power submodule provided in this application also includes a cover plate, which is used to enclose the space formed between the frame 5 and the second heat dissipation structure 4. Exemplarily, the connection method between the cover plate and the frame includes welding, post-hole connection, and snap-fit ​​connection. Exemplarily, the materials of the frame and the cover plate include high molecular polymers, such as polyphenylene sulfide (PPS). Using a PPS housing allows the chip in the power module provided in this application to operate at a long-term temperature of up to 175°C.

[0146] According to the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 11 The sub-power module also includes a magnetic core for suppressing high-frequency common-mode noise generated by the active switching chip. Optionally, the magnetic core is directly mounted on the ribbon cable of the first AC port 113 and the second AC port 213. Optionally, the magnetic core is located on the inner wall of the frame near the first AC port 113 and the second AC port 213. Alternatively, the magnetic core is mounted to the surface of the heat sink using thermally conductive adhesive or a metal bracket.

[0147] According to embodiments of this application, the power generation module and the drive submodule further include a DC port and an AC port, respectively. The DC port is used for rectified output or inverter input; the AC port is used for rectified input or inverter output.

[0148] According to the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 4 As shown, each of the first number of half-bridge units 11 further includes a first DC port 112 and a first AC port 113. The first DC port 112 is used to input a first DC signal into the half-bridge circuit, or to output a second DC signal converted by the half-bridge circuit. The first AC port 113 is used to input a first AC signal into the half-bridge circuit, or to output a second AC signal converted by the half-bridge circuit.

[0149] According to the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 4 As shown, the full-bridge unit 21 further includes a second DC port 212 and a second AC port 213. The second DC port 212 is used to input a third DC signal into the full-bridge circuit, or to output a fourth DC signal converted by the full-bridge circuit. The third AC port 213 is used to input a third AC signal into the full-bridge circuit, or to output a fourth AC signal converted by the full-bridge circuit. For example, as... Figure 4 As shown, for a three-phase AC signal, the second AC port 213 corresponds to the U phase, V phase and W phase from left to right.

[0150] According to embodiments of this application, at least one of the first DC port 112, the second DC port 212, the first AC port 113, and the second AC port 213 includes a laminated busbar. This reduces the stray inductance of the half-bridge unit 11 and / or the full-bridge unit 21, further reducing the losses of the active switching chip. In some optional embodiments, at least one of the first DC port 112 and the second DC port 212 includes a positive terminal and a negative terminal arranged in parallel. The number of positive and negative terminals is determined by the number of phases in the half-bridge unit and the full-bridge unit.

[0151] like Figure 12As shown, the DC terminal includes a laminated busbar. This laminated busbar includes a first terminal 31 and a second terminal 32 that are insulated from each other, and the first terminal 31 and the second terminal 32 are disposed opposite each other in a first direction Z. The distance between the first terminal 31 and the second terminal 32 is H0.

[0152] The first terminal 31 includes a first segment terminal 311 and a second segment terminal 312; the first segment terminal 311 and the second segment terminal 312 are parallel to the second direction Y, and the first end of the first segment terminal 311 is electrically connected to the rectifier bridge, and the other end of the first segment terminal 311 is connected to one end of the second segment terminal 312.

[0153] The second terminal 32 includes a third terminal 321, a fourth terminal 322, and a fifth terminal 323; the third terminal 321 and the fourth terminal 322 are parallel to the second direction Y; the fifth terminal 323 is parallel to the first direction and points away from the first terminal 311; the first end of the third terminal 321 is electrically connected to the rectifier bridge, and the other end of the third terminal 321 is connected to one end of the fourth terminal 322; the other end of the fourth terminal 322 is connected to one end of the fifth terminal 323; the first direction Z and the second direction Y are perpendicular to each other.

[0154] like Figure 12 As shown, the power module provided in this application also includes a capacitor 8. The capacitor 8 and the power generation module 2 are stacked along the first direction Z. Furthermore, the capacitor 8 also includes a third terminal 81 and a fourth terminal 82. The third terminal 81 and the fourth terminal 82 are disposed opposite each other on the surface of the capacitor 8 facing the power generation module.

[0155] The third terminal 81 is connected to the fifth segment terminal 323 of the second terminal 32, and the fourth terminal 32 is connected to the second segment terminal 312 of the first terminal. For example... Figure 13 As shown, the fourth terminal is soldered to the second terminal of the first terminal via a lead wire. Figure 13 As shown, the third terminal and the fifth segment 323 of the second terminal are connected by welding.

[0156] According to the embodiments of this application, when the power module performs high-speed on / off control, a surge voltage V is applied to the current loop of the power module. V is proportional to the magnitude of the series inductance Ls introduced into the terminals of the current loop. The formula for calculating the surge voltage V is:

[0157] (twenty three)

[0158] in, is the rate of change of current in the current loop.

[0159] like Figures 12 to 14As shown, the first terminal 31 and the second terminal 32 are two parallel and series-connected DC terminals in the electronic control assembly. For example, the first terminal 31 and the second terminal 32 can be the positive and negative terminals of a power module, or the positive and negative terminals of a capacitor assembly. The width of both the first terminal 31 and the second terminal 32 is set to W, the length to l, and the thickness to t, and the distance between them is d. Here, the length l is the dimension along the extension direction of the first / second terminal, the thickness t is the dimension along the first direction Z, and the width W is the dimension along the third direction X. The third direction is perpendicular to both the first and second directions.

[0160] for Figure 14 The arrangement of the first and second terminals shown in the figure, and the empirical formula for calculating Ls in the current loop of the two terminals are as follows:

[0161] (twenty four)

[0162] Where L1 and L2 represent the self-inductance of the two terminals respectively; M represents the mutual inductance between the two terminals; k represents the coupling coefficient, which characterizes the degree of coupling between the two terminals; is the permeability in vacuum. If WS:W ≠ 1, then k < 1. The smaller the value of WS:W, the greater the misalignment between the two end terminals, and the smaller the value of k. WS is the overlap width of the end terminals.

[0163] Based on formula (2), the formula for Ls can be expressed as:

[0164] (25)

[0165] in, ρ is the magnetic permeability in vacuum.

[0166] Based on formulas (1) and (3), we know that the smaller L is, the larger W is, the larger t is, the smaller Ls is, and the smaller V is; the larger WS:W is, the larger the overlap ratio of the two terminals is, the larger k is, the smaller Ls is, and the smaller the surge voltage is.

[0167] Therefore, without increasing the total circuit length, the wider each segment of the first terminal 21, second terminal 32, third terminal 81, and fourth terminal 82, the greater the overlap ratio, the smaller the self-inductance, and the smaller the surge voltage, all without increasing the total circuit length. Optionally, such as Figure 13 and Figure 14As shown, the projections of the first and third terminals, and the second and fourth terminals overlap in the first direction; the projections of the fifth and at least a portion of the third terminals overlap in the second direction; the projections of the fourth and at least a portion of the third terminals overlap in the second direction; and the width W1 of the first terminal is smaller than the width W2 of the second terminal; the width W3 of the portion of the third terminal away from the capacitor is smaller than the width W4 of the portion of the third terminal near the capacitor. Optionally, the width of the portion of the fourth terminal away from the capacitor is smaller than the width of the portion of the fourth terminal near the capacitor. Further, the width of the third terminal is smaller than the width of the fourth terminal.

[0168] According to the embodiments of this application, the width of the second terminal segment is equal to the width of the portion of the third terminal furthest from the capacitor; and / or, the width of the second terminal segment is equal to the width of the portion of the fourth terminal furthest from the capacitor. This improves the overlap of corresponding terminals in the power module and capacitor, making the overlap as close to 100% as possible, thereby effectively reducing series inductance. Similarly, in the third direction, the first, second, third, and fourth terminals also satisfy the following conditions: the edges of the first and third terminal segments are flush; and / or, the edges of the second and fourth terminal segments are flush; and / or, the edges of the fifth and third terminal segments are flush; and / or, the edges of the fourth and third terminal segments are flush. "Satisfying" means that the edges of the terminals are flush or nearly flush. By making the edges of overlapping terminals in the power module and capacitor flush or nearly flush, the overlap of the terminals is improved, and the series inductance is reduced.

[0169] According to embodiments of this application, the rectifier bridge of the power generation module shares a common set of DC terminals. Optionally, when the drive module uses multiple independent half-bridge units, each half-bridge unit uses an independent DC terminal. Optionally, when the drive module uses a full-bridge circuit, the full-bridge circuit shares a common set of DC terminals.

[0170] According to the optional embodiments of this application, by adopting the above-mentioned stacked busbar, AMB heat dissipation material, Kelvin-based lower bridge, active switch chip layout close to both ends of the module, and PPS shell for plastic encapsulation, the power module provided by this application is smaller in size than the traditional HPD package; wherein, the chip area is reduced by 30%, the material usage is reduced by 30%, and the overall cost is reduced by 20% to 30%.

[0171] According to optional embodiments of this application, by employing the aforementioned stacked busbar, AMB heat dissipation material, Kelvin-based lower bridge, PPS housing encapsulation, and ensuring that the ratio of the total area of ​​the passive freewheeling chip to the total area of ​​the active switching chip in the control power module is greater than or equal to 0.6, the power module provided by this application is smaller in size than the traditional HPD package; wherein, the chip area is reduced by 60%, the material usage is reduced by 50%, and the overall cost is reduced by 50%.

[0172] Secondly, this application also provides a motor controller, including a power module as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0173] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a drive assembly, including the power module as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0174] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a vehicle, characterized in that it includes a power module as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0175] In summary, the power module provided in this application includes a converter bridge; the converter bridge is a multiphase circuit; wherein the converter bridge includes at least one active switching chip and at least one passive freewheeling chip; in at least one arm of the converter bridge, the ratio of the total area of ​​the passive freewheeling chip to the total area of ​​the active switching chip satisfies a first ratio, the first ratio being greater than or equal to 0.6, so as to reduce the losses of the converter bridge under power generation conditions, thereby enabling the converter bridge to use chips with smaller areas, and / or enabling the converter bridge to use fewer chips.

[0176] Furthermore, the power module provided in this application reduces the area of ​​the second substrate by employing a full-bridge circuit, thereby miniaturizing the power generation module and promoting the integration and miniaturization of the drive submodule and the power generation module. This power module also further reduces the area of ​​the second substrate without affecting current capability and power generation efficiency by limiting the area ratio of the passive freewheeling chip to the active switching chip, further promoting the integration and miniaturization of the drive submodule and the power generation module. While reducing the area of ​​the power generation module, stray inductance is reduced by staggering the upper and lower bridge arms in the chip layout, ensuring the performance and stability of the power generation module. The sub-power module provided in this application further reduces the area of ​​the first and second substrates by employing a DBC substrate and AMB heat dissipation material. Therefore, the sub-power module provided in this application allows the drive submodule and the power generation module to share the same frame and the same second heat dissipation structure, reducing production costs, design difficulty, assembly difficulty, and improving the utilization rate of vehicle interior space.

[0177] The motor controller, drive assembly, and vehicle provided in this application include the power module provided in any of the above embodiments, which reduces production costs, design difficulty, assembly difficulty, and improves the utilization rate of vehicle interior space.

[0178] This application also provides technical solutions as described in the following appendix:

[0179] Note 1: This application provides a power module, which includes a converter bridge; the converter bridge is used for rectification or inversion.

[0180] The converter bridge includes a first number of active switching chips and a second number of passive freewheeling chips arranged in pairs with at least some of the active switching chips, wherein the second number is less than or equal to the first number.

[0181] Among them, at least one pair of the paired passive freewheeling chips and active switching chips have an area ratio that meets a preset ratio value to reduce the loss of the converter bridge, thereby enabling the first number of active switching chips and the second number of passive freewheeling chips to be integrated into a reduced space.

[0182] Note 2: According to the power module described in Note 1, the area ratio of at least one passive freewheeling chip in the converter bridge to the area of ​​the corresponding active switching chip is greater than or equal to 0.6, thereby enabling the first number of active switching chips and the second number of passive freewheeling chips to be integrated onto the same substrate with a smaller area.

[0183] Note 3: According to the power module described in Note 1 or 2, the area ratio of at least one passive freewheeling chip in the converter bridge to the area of ​​the corresponding active switching chip is greater than or equal to 0.6 and less than or equal to 1.25, thereby enabling the first number of active switching chips and the second number of passive freewheeling chips to be integrated onto the same substrate with a smaller area.

[0184] Note 4: According to any one of Notes 1 to 3, the power module includes at least one of a drive submodule and a generator module; the drive submodule is used to connect to a drive motor; the generator module is used to connect to a generator motor.

[0185] Note 5: According to any one of Notes 1 to 4, the power module includes both a drive submodule and a generator module.

[0186] Appendix 6: According to any of the power modules described in Appendices 1 to 5, when the power module corresponds to multiple phases, the bridge arms corresponding to different phases in the converter bridge of the power generation module are integrated on the same substrate; the bridge arms corresponding to different phases in the converter bridge of the drive submodule are respectively set on independent substrates according to phase.

[0187] Note 7: According to any one of Notes 1 to 6, the power module, the substrate includes a substrate; one side surface of the substrate includes at least one conductor covering area;

[0188] An electrode of any one of the first number of active switching chips and the second number of passive freewheeling chips is electrically connected to the conductor coverage area, so that the chip can be electrically connected to the DC port of the converter bridge via the conductor coverage area.

[0189] Note 8: According to any of Notes 1 to 7, the at least one conductor covering area includes a first conductor covering area and a second conductor covering area that are insulated from each other; the first conductor covering area and the second conductor covering area can be connected to the positive and negative terminals of the DC port, respectively.

[0190] Note 9: According to any of the power modules described in Notes 1 to 8, the converter bridge is a multi-phase full-bridge circuit; each phase of the multi-phase full-bridge circuit includes an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm.

[0191] Note 10: According to any of the power modules described in Notes 1 to 9, the converter bridge is a multi-phase full-bridge circuit; each phase of the multi-phase full-bridge circuit includes an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm.

[0192] The upper bridge arm is disposed in the first conductor coverage area; and...

[0193] The lower bridge arm is disposed in the second conductor coverage area.

[0194] Note 11: According to any of the power modules described in Notes 1 to 10, the collector of the active switching chip of the upper bridge arm is electrically connected to the first conductor coverage area; the cathode of the passive freewheeling chip of the upper bridge arm is electrically connected to the first coverage area.

[0195] Note 12: According to any of the power modules described in Notes 1 to 11, the emitter of the active switching chip of the lower bridge arm is electrically connected to the second conductor coverage area; the anode of the passive freewheeling chip of the lower bridge arm is electrically connected to the second conductor coverage area.

[0196] Note 13: According to any of the power modules described in Notes 1 to 12, the chip layout of the multiphase full-bridge circuit satisfies:

[0197] In the bridge arms corresponding to the same phase, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; the bridge arms corresponding to different phases are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0198] The geometric centers of the active switching chip in the upper bridge arm and the active switching chip in the lower bridge arm of the same phase are offset along the second direction; or, the geometric centers of the passive freewheeling chip in the upper bridge arm and the passive freewheeling chip in the lower bridge arm of the same phase are offset along the second direction.

[0199] Note 14: According to any of Notes 1 to 13, the drive submodule is arranged side by side with the power generation module, and the power generation module is located on either side of the drive submodule.

[0200] Note 15: According to any of Notes 1 to 14, the active switching chip of the converter bridge is located near the edge of the substrate, and the passive freewheeling chip of the converter bridge is located near the center of the substrate, thereby reducing the thermal coupling of the active switching chip.

[0201] Note 16: According to any of the power modules described in Notes 1 to 15, the lower bridge arm is based on a Kelvin terminal structure, thereby reducing the switching losses of the active switching chip in the lower bridge arm.

[0202] Note 17. According to any of the power modules described in Notes 1 to 16, the power module further satisfies the following condition: the conduction loss of the passive freewheeling chip in any arm of the converter bridge is greater than the conduction loss of the active switching chip.

[0203] Note 18. According to any of the power modules described in Notes 1 to 17, the power module further includes a DC port; the DC port is used for rectifier output / inverter input; the DC port includes a multilayer busbar;

[0204] The stacked busbar includes a first terminal and a second terminal that are insulated from each other, and the first terminal and the second terminal are disposed opposite to each other in a first direction;

[0205] The first terminal includes a first segment terminal and a second segment terminal; the first segment terminal and the second segment terminal are parallel to the second direction, and the first end of the first segment terminal is electrically connected to the converter bridge, and the other end of the first segment terminal is connected to one end of the second segment terminal;

[0206] The second terminal includes a third segment terminal, a fourth segment terminal, and a fifth segment terminal; the third segment terminal and the fourth segment terminal are parallel to the second direction; the fifth segment terminal is parallel to the first direction, and the fifth segment terminal points away from the first segment terminal; the first end of the third segment terminal is electrically connected to the converter bridge, the other end of the third segment terminal is connected to one end of the fourth segment terminal, and the other end of the fourth segment terminal is connected to one end of the fifth segment terminal;

[0207] The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0208] Note 19. According to any of the power modules described in Notes 1 to 18, the chip layout of the multiphase full-bridge circuit satisfies:

[0209] With the central axis of the DC port lead-out direction as the axis of symmetry, the lower arms of the bridge arms corresponding to different phases are axially symmetrically distributed.

[0210] Note 20: According to any of Notes 1 to 19, the power module further includes a first heat dissipation structure; the first heat dissipation structure is disposed on the side of the first and / or second liner where the circuit is disposed; and the first heat dissipation structure is a ceramic material based on active metal brazing process to improve the heat dissipation capacity of the liner.

[0211] Note 21: According to any of Notes 1 to 20, the power module further includes a second heat dissipation structure; the second heat dissipation structure is disposed on the side of the liner away from the converter bridge; and the drive submodule and the power generation module are both located within the projection range of the same second heat dissipation structure.

[0212] Note 22: According to any of the power modules described in Notes 1 to 21, the second heat dissipation structure includes a cooling substrate and heat dissipation fins; the heat dissipation fins are disposed on the side of the cooling substrate opposite to the first liner and / or the second liner.

[0213] Note 23: According to any of Notes 1 to 22, the drive submodule includes an inverter bridge; the inverter bridge includes a third number of active switching chips, and a fourth number of passive freewheeling chips arranged in pairs with at least a portion of the active switching chips, wherein the fourth number is less than or equal to the third number; the area of ​​the active switching chips in the inverter bridge is not equal to the area of ​​the active switching chips in the converter bridge.

[0214] Appendix 24: According to any of the power modules described in Appendices 1 to 23, the area ratio of at least one pair of passive freewheeling chips and active switching chips in the inverter bridge satisfies a preset ratio to reduce the losses of the converter bridge, thereby enabling the third number of active switching chips and the fourth number of passive freewheeling chips to be integrated into a reduced space.

[0215] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a motor controller, including the power module as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0216] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a drive assembly, including the power module as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0217] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a vehicle, characterized in that it includes a power module as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0218] The above description is merely a specific implementation of the embodiments of this application, but the protection scope of the embodiments of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the embodiments of this application should be included within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of the embodiments of this application should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A power module, characterized in that, The power module includes a converter bridge; the converter bridge is a multiphase circuit. The converter bridge includes at least one active switching chip and at least one passive freewheeling chip. In at least one arm of the converter bridge, the ratio of the total area of ​​the passive freewheeling chip to the total area of ​​the active switching chip satisfies a first ratio, which is greater than or equal to 0.6 and less than or equal to 2.

2. The power module according to claim 1, characterized in that, In at least one arm of the converter bridge, at least some of the passive freewheeling chips are paired with at least some of the active switching chips.

3. The power module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The area ratio of at least one pair of the paired passive current-carrying chips to the area of ​​the active switching chip satisfies the first ratio value.

4. The power module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first ratio is greater than or equal to 1.

5. The power module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first ratio is less than or equal to 1.

2.

6. The power module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first ratio is less than or equal to 1.

2.

7. The power module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The power module includes at least one of a drive submodule and a generator module; the drive submodule is used to connect to a drive motor; the generator module is used to connect to a generator motor. The drive submodule and / or the power generation module includes the converter bridge.

8. The power module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The power module includes at least one of a drive submodule and a generator module; the drive submodule is used to connect to a drive motor; the generator module is used to connect to a generator motor. The drive submodule and / or the power generation module includes the converter bridge.

9. The power module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The power module includes at least one of a drive submodule and a generator module; the drive submodule is used to connect to a drive motor; the generator module is used to connect to a generator motor. The drive submodule and / or the power generation module includes the converter bridge.

10. The power module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The power module includes at least one of a drive submodule and a generator module; the drive submodule is used to connect to a drive motor; the generator module is used to connect to a generator motor. The drive submodule and / or the power generation module includes the converter bridge.

11. The power module according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the case where the power module includes a drive submodule and a power generation module, the drive submodule and the power generation module are arranged side by side.

12. The power module according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the case where the power module includes a drive submodule and a power generation module, the drive submodule and the power generation module are arranged side by side.

13. The power module according to claim 9, characterized in that, In the case where the power module includes a drive submodule and a power generation module, the drive submodule and the power generation module are arranged side by side.

14. The power module according to claim 10, characterized in that, In the case where the power module includes a drive submodule and a power generation module, the drive submodule and the power generation module are arranged side by side.

15. The power module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, At least one arm of the converter bridge is composed of two active switching chips and two passive freewheeling chips.

16. The power module according to claim 4, characterized in that, At least one arm of the converter bridge is composed of two active switching chips and two passive freewheeling chips.

17. The power module according to claim 5, characterized in that, At least one arm of the converter bridge is composed of two active switching chips and two passive freewheeling chips.

18. The power module according to claim 6, characterized in that, At least one arm of the converter bridge is composed of two active switching chips and two passive freewheeling chips.

19. The power module according to claim 7, characterized in that, At least one arm of the converter bridge is composed of two active switching chips and two passive freewheeling chips.

20. The power module according to claim 8, characterized in that, At least one arm of the converter bridge is composed of two active switching chips and two passive freewheeling chips.

21. The power module according to claim 9, characterized in that, At least one arm of the converter bridge is composed of two active switching chips and two passive freewheeling chips.

22. The power module according to claim 10, characterized in that, At least one arm of the converter bridge is composed of two active switching chips and two passive freewheeling chips.

23. The power module according to claim 11, characterized in that, At least one arm of the converter bridge is composed of two active switching chips and two passive freewheeling chips.

24. The power module according to claim 12, characterized in that, At least one arm of the converter bridge is composed of two active switching chips and two passive freewheeling chips.

25. The power module according to claim 13, characterized in that, At least one arm of the converter bridge is composed of two active switching chips and two passive freewheeling chips.

26. The power module according to claim 14, characterized in that, At least one arm of the converter bridge is composed of two active switching chips and two passive freewheeling chips.

27. The power module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, At least two arms of the converter bridge are integrated on the same liner.

28. The power module according to claim 4, characterized in that, At least two arms of the converter bridge are integrated on the same liner.

29. The power module according to claim 5, characterized in that, At least two arms of the converter bridge are integrated on the same liner.

30. The power module according to claim 6, characterized in that, At least two arms of the converter bridge are integrated on the same liner.

31. The power module according to claim 7, characterized in that, At least two arms of the converter bridge are integrated on the same liner.

32. The power module according to claim 8, characterized in that, At least two arms of the converter bridge are integrated on the same liner.

33. The power module according to claim 9, characterized in that, At least two arms of the converter bridge are integrated on the same liner.

34. The power module according to claim 10, characterized in that, At least two arms of the converter bridge are integrated on the same liner.

35. The power module according to claim 11, characterized in that, At least two arms of the converter bridge are integrated on the same liner.

36. The power module according to claim 12, characterized in that, At least two arms of the converter bridge are integrated on the same liner.

37. The power module according to claim 13, characterized in that, At least two arms of the converter bridge are integrated on the same liner.

38. The power module according to claim 14, characterized in that, At least two arms of the converter bridge are integrated on the same liner.

39. The power module according to claim 15, characterized in that, At least two arms of the converter bridge are integrated on the same liner.

40. The power module according to claim 16, characterized in that, At least two arms of the converter bridge are integrated on the same liner.

41. The power module according to claim 17, characterized in that, At least two arms of the converter bridge are integrated on the same liner.

42. The power module according to claim 18, characterized in that, At least two arms of the converter bridge are integrated on the same liner.

43. The power module according to claim 19, characterized in that, At least two arms of the converter bridge are integrated on the same liner.

44. The power module according to claim 20, characterized in that, At least two arms of the converter bridge are integrated on the same liner.

45. The power module according to claim 21, characterized in that, At least two arms of the converter bridge are integrated on the same liner.

46. ​​The power module according to claim 22, characterized in that, At least two arms of the converter bridge are integrated on the same liner.

47. The power module according to claim 23, characterized in that, At least two arms of the converter bridge are integrated on the same liner.

48. The power module according to claim 24, characterized in that, At least two arms of the converter bridge are integrated on the same liner.

49. The power module according to claim 25, characterized in that, At least two arms of the converter bridge are integrated on the same liner.

50. The power module according to claim 26, characterized in that, At least two arms of the converter bridge are integrated on the same liner.

51. The power module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

52. The power module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

53. The power module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

54. The power module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

55. The power module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

56. The power module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

57. The power module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

58. The power module according to claim 10, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

59. The power module according to claim 11, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

60. The power module according to claim 12, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

61. The power module according to claim 13, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

62. The power module according to claim 14, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

63. The power module according to claim 15, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

64. The power module according to claim 16, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

65. The power module according to claim 17, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

66. The power module according to claim 18, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

67. The power module according to claim 19, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

68. The power module according to claim 20, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

69. The power module according to claim 21, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

70. The power module according to claim 22, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

71. The power module according to claim 23, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

72. The power module according to claim 24, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

73. The power module according to claim 25, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

74. The power module according to claim 26, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

75. The power module according to claim 27, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

76. The power module according to claim 28, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

77. The power module according to claim 29, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

78. The power module according to claim 30, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

79. The power module according to claim 31, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

80. The power module according to claim 32, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

81. The power module according to claim 33, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

82. The power module according to claim 34, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

83. The power module according to claim 35, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

84. The power module according to claim 36, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

85. The power module according to claim 37, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

86. The power module according to claim 38, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

87. The power module according to claim 39, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

88. The power module according to claim 40, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

89. The power module according to claim 41, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

90. The power module according to claim 42, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

91. The power module according to claim 43, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

92. The power module according to claim 44, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

93. The power module according to claim 45, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

94. The power module according to claim 46, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

95. The power module according to claim 47, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

96. The power module according to claim 48, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

97. The power module according to claim 49, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

98. The power module according to claim 50, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured as follows: In the same bridge arm, the upper and lower bridge arms are arranged along a first direction; at least two bridge arms are arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

99. The power module according to claim 27, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured such that the upper and lower bridge arms of the same bridge arm are arranged along a first direction. At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

100. The power module according to claim 28, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured such that the upper and lower bridge arms of the same bridge arm are arranged along a first direction. At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

101. The power module according to claim 29, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured such that the upper and lower bridge arms of the same bridge arm are arranged along a first direction. At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

102. The power module according to claim 30, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured such that the upper and lower bridge arms of the same bridge arm are arranged along a first direction. At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

103. The power module according to claim 31, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured such that the upper and lower bridge arms of the same bridge arm are arranged along a first direction. At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

104. The power module according to claim 32, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured such that the upper and lower bridge arms of the same bridge arm are arranged along a first direction. At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

105. The power module according to claim 33, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured such that the upper and lower bridge arms of the same bridge arm are arranged along a first direction. At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

106. The power module according to claim 34, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured such that the upper and lower bridge arms of the same bridge arm are arranged along a first direction. At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

107. The power module according to claim 35, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured such that the upper and lower bridge arms of the same bridge arm are arranged along a first direction. At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

108. The power module according to claim 36, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured such that the upper and lower bridge arms of the same bridge arm are arranged along a first direction. At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

109. The power module according to claim 37, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured such that the upper and lower bridge arms of the same bridge arm are arranged along a first direction. At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

110. The power module according to claim 38, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured such that the upper and lower bridge arms of the same bridge arm are arranged along a first direction. At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

111. The power module according to claim 39, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured such that the upper and lower bridge arms of the same bridge arm are arranged along a first direction. At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

112. The power module according to claim 40, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured such that the upper and lower bridge arms of the same bridge arm are arranged along a first direction. At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

113. The power module according to claim 41, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured such that the upper and lower bridge arms of the same bridge arm are arranged along a first direction. At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

114. The power module according to claim 42, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured such that the upper and lower bridge arms of the same bridge arm are arranged along a first direction. At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

115. The power module according to claim 43, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured such that the upper and lower bridge arms of the same bridge arm are arranged along a first direction. At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

116. The power module according to claim 44, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured such that the upper and lower bridge arms of the same bridge arm are arranged along a first direction. At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

117. The power module according to claim 45, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured such that the upper and lower bridge arms of the same bridge arm are arranged along a first direction. At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

118. The power module according to claim 46, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured such that the upper and lower bridge arms of the same bridge arm are arranged along a first direction. At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

119. The power module according to claim 47, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured such that the upper and lower bridge arms of the same bridge arm are arranged along a first direction. At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

120. The power module according to claim 48, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured such that the upper and lower bridge arms of the same bridge arm are arranged along a first direction. At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

121. The power module according to claim 49, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured such that the upper and lower bridge arms of the same bridge arm are arranged along a first direction. At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

122. The power module according to claim 50, characterized in that, The converter bridge is configured such that the upper and lower bridge arms of the same bridge arm are arranged along a first direction. At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

123. The power module according to claim 75, characterized in that, At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

124. The power module according to claim 76, characterized in that, At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

125. The power module according to claim 77, characterized in that, At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

126. The power module according to claim 78, characterized in that, At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

127. The power module according to claim 79, characterized in that, At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

128. The power module according to claim 80, characterized in that, At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

129. The power module according to claim 81, characterized in that, At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

130. The power module according to claim 82, characterized in that, At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

131. The power module according to claim 83, characterized in that, At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

132. The power module according to claim 84, characterized in that, At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

133. The power module according to claim 85, characterized in that, At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

134. The power module according to claim 86, characterized in that, At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

135. The power module according to claim 87, characterized in that, At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

136. The power module according to claim 88, characterized in that, At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

137. The power module according to claim 89, characterized in that, At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

138. The power module according to claim 90, characterized in that, At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

139. The power module according to claim 91, characterized in that, At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

140. The power module according to claim 92, characterized in that, At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

141. The power module according to claim 93, characterized in that, At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

142. The power module according to claim 94, characterized in that, At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

143. The power module according to claim 95, characterized in that, At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

144. The power module according to claim 96, characterized in that, At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

145. The power module according to claim 97, characterized in that, At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

146. The power module according to claim 98, characterized in that, At least two active switching chips of the converter bridge are disposed near the two ends of the liner in the first direction.

147. The power module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

148. The power module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

149. The power module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

150. The power module according to claim 10, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

151. The power module according to claim 11, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

152. The power module according to claim 12, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

153. The power module according to claim 13, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

154. The power module according to claim 14, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

155. The power module according to claim 19, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

156. The power module according to claim 20, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

157. The power module according to claim 21, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

158. The power module according to claim 22, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

159. The power module according to claim 23, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

160. The power module according to claim 24, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

161. The power module according to claim 25, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

162. The power module according to claim 26, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

163. The power module according to claim 31, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

164. The power module according to claim 32, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

165. The power module according to claim 33, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

166. The power module according to claim 34, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

167. The power module according to claim 35, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

168. The power module according to claim 36, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

169. The power module according to claim 37, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

170. The power module according to claim 38, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

171. The power module according to claim 43, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

172. The power module according to claim 44, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

173. The power module according to claim 45, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

174. The power module according to claim 46, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

175. The power module according to claim 47, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

176. The power module according to claim 48, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

177. The power module according to claim 49, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

178. The power module according to claim 50, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

179. The power module according to claim 55, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

180. The power module according to claim 56, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

181. The power module according to claim 57, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

182. The power module according to claim 58, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

183. The power module according to claim 59, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

184. The power module according to claim 60, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

185. The power module according to claim 61, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

186. The power module according to claim 62, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

187. The power module according to claim 67, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

188. The power module according to claim 68, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

189. The power module according to claim 69, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

190. The power module according to claim 70, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

191. The power module according to claim 71, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

192. The power module according to claim 72, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

193. The power module according to claim 73, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

194. The power module according to claim 74, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

195. The power module according to claim 79, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

196. The power module according to claim 80, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

197. The power module according to claim 81, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

198. The power module according to claim 82, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

199. The power module according to claim 83, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

200. The power module according to claim 84, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

201. The power module according to claim 85, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

202. The power module according to claim 86, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

203. The power module according to claim 91, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

204. The power module according to claim 92, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

205. The power module according to claim 93, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

206. The power module according to claim 94, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

207. The power module according to claim 95, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

208. The power module according to claim 96, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

209. The power module according to claim 97, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

210. The power module according to claim 98, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

211. The power module according to claim 103, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

212. The power module according to claim 104, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

213. The power module according to claim 105, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

214. The power module according to claim 106, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

215. The power module according to claim 107, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

216. The power module according to claim 108, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

217. The power module according to claim 109, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

218. The power module according to claim 110, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

219. The power module according to claim 115, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

220. The power module according to claim 116, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

221. The power module according to claim 117, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

222. The power module according to claim 118, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

223. The power module according to claim 119, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

224. The power module according to claim 120, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

225. The power module according to claim 121, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

226. The power module according to claim 122, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

227. The power module according to claim 127, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

228. The power module according to claim 128, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

229. The power module according to claim 129, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

230. The power module according to claim 130, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

231. The power module according to claim 131, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

232. The power module according to claim 132, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

233. The power module according to claim 133, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

234. The power module according to claim 134, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

235. The power module according to claim 139, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

236. The power module according to claim 140, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

237. The power module according to claim 141, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

238. The power module according to claim 142, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

239. The power module according to claim 143, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

240. The power module according to claim 144, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

241. The power module according to claim 145, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

242. The power module according to claim 146, characterized in that, The power module includes a drive submodule and a generator module, wherein the generator module includes the converter bridge: The power module also includes a heat sink, and the drive submodule and the generator module share the same heat sink.

243. A motor controller, characterized in that, Includes the power module according to any one of claims 1 to 242.

244. A drive assembly, characterized in that, Includes the power module according to any one of claims 1 to 242.

245. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the power module according to any one of claims 1 to 242.

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