Composite management method for phoebe bournei with short period of time and long period of time

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a phoebe bournei compound management method for cultivating long phoebe bournei with short phoebe bournei, which comprises the following steps: removing all plants on a forest land, and marking a management mode of a planting belt as follows: at least one line of phoebe bournei and one line of melaleuca alternifolia are interplanted, the line spacing of phoebe bournei is 2-3m * 3-7m, and the plant line spacing of melaleuca alternifolia is 1-3m * 1-3m; after phoebe bournei seedlings are subjected to seedling strengthening treatment, the phoebe bournei seedlings and melaleuca alternifolia are subjected to afforestation together, the melaleuca alternifolia are subjected to stubble cutting from January to February of the second year of afforestation and field planting, the stubble height is 10-35 cm, branches and leaves are taken to extract melaleuca alternifolia essential oil, waste generated through extraction and animal waste are mixed according to the ratio of 1: (1-2) for composting, organic fertilizer is obtained, and the organic fertilizer is applied in winter. Compared with the prior art, after the phoebe bournei is subjected to seedling strengthening treatment, the phoebe bournei is interplanted with the melaleuca alternifolia, the plant height, the ground diameter and the maximum crown breadth of the phoebe bournei are increased, and the economic benefit of a man-made forest is increased by means of short cultivation and long cultivation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of plant planting, and in particular to a composite management method of Phoebe bournei with short crops to grow tall ones. Background Art

[0002] Phoebe bournei (Hemsl.) Yen C. Yang, commonly known as nanmu, is a large evergreen tree in the Lauraceae family, reaching heights of up to 20 meters and a diameter at breast height of 2.5 meters. It is endemic to China and a Class II protected wild plant. It is also a native broadleaf species in Guangxi. Its wood is suitable for large-scale afforestation, has high timber value, has a beautiful color, is resistant to cracking and deformation, is insect-resistant and rot-resistant, has high impact strength, and has good workability. It has a long history of use in handicrafts, high-end furniture, shipbuilding, ancient architecture, and bridges.

[0003] Although Phoebe fujianensis trees have high economic value after they mature, they grow slowly and take a long time to mature, resulting in no profit in the early stages of production of artificial forests planted with a single Phoebe fujianensis species; furthermore, Phoebe fujianensis artificial forests frequently experience outbreaks of diseases and insect pests. In order to solve the above-mentioned problem of using different tree species for mixed planting to change species composition and improve forestry microclimate, document No. CN113141964A discloses a method for planting long-term carbon neutral forests in subtropical areas, specifically disclosing the planting of mixed forests of Chinese fir and Phoebe burgdorferi in a ratio of 6:4, and carrying out tending management, thinning, final felling and pest and disease control management to overcome the low economic benefits of single-species Chinese fir. However, the economic return cycle of mixed forests of Chinese fir and Phoebe burgdorferi is long, and the ground diameter and tree height of Phoebe burgdorferi in mixed forests of Chinese fir and Phoebe burgdorferi are much lower than those of Phoebe burgdorferi of the same age in artificially tended forests. The possible reasons are: first, the Chinese fir trees are tall, reaching 8-10m, resulting in long-term residence in the lower layer of the tree canopy, causing Phoebe burgdorferi to have insufficient light demand; second, Chinese fir is planted first and then Phoebe burgdorferi is replanted. The Chinese fir root system is more developed and has a stronger ability to compete for nutrients, which inhibits the root growth and nutritional growth of Phoebe burgdorferi, resulting in slow growth of Phoebe burgdorferi.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application proposes to plant Melaleuca alternifolia and Phoebe bournei together.

[0005] Melaleuca alternifolia (Cheel) is a shrub of the Myrtaceae family, Melaleuca genus. It has excellent characteristics such as strong germination ability, low investment, and quick results. Previous studies have found that when planted on flat land (with a planting density of 1,000 plants per mu), the biomass can reach 2.0 tons per mu in the first year. Based on a 1.2% oil yield, 24 kilograms of Australian tea tree essential oil can be extracted. At a market price of 200 yuan per kilogram, the essential oil income per mu in the first year is 4,800 yuan, which can recoup the planting investment cost in the first year and still generate a surplus. From the second year onwards, the budding forest is harvested, and the biomass increases year by year. Based on a biomass of 3.0 tons per mu in the second year, 36 kilograms of Australian tea tree essential oil can be extracted (with a 1.2% oil yield), and the essential oil income per mu is 7,200 yuan (based on the market price of 200 yuan per kilogram). From the second year onwards, the only remaining investment per mu is land rent, tending, and topdressing, with a preliminary estimate of costs around 1,500 yuan per mu. Therefore, the net income per mu of Melaleuca alternifolia from the second year onwards can reach 5,000 yuan.

[0006] However, after interplanting, it was found that the ground diameter and plant height of Phoebe bournei were not high, and the biomass of Melaleuca alternifolia was low. It may be that the interplanting density affects the planting density of Melaleuca alternifolia, and the main root and lateral roots of Phoebe bournei are not well developed. This may be the reason for the poor growth of interplanting of Phoebe bournei and Melaleuca alternifolia. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite management method of Phoebe bournei with short-term growth, aiming to overcome the technical problems of long economic return cycle in mixed management of Chinese fir and Phoebe bournei, the lower ground diameter and tree height of Phoebe bournei being much lower than those of Phoebe bournei of the same age in artificially tended forests, and poor growth of Phoebe bournei and Melaleuca alternifolia intercropping.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a composite management method for Phoebe chinensis by using short crops to grow long crops, comprising:

[0009] S1, forest land clearing: remove all plants on the forest land and mark the planting strips with at least one row of Phoebe bournei and one row of Melaleuca alternifolia, with the spacing of Phoebe bournei rows being 2-3m × 3-7m and the spacing of Melaleuca alternifolia rows being 1-3m × 1-3m;

[0010] S2, afforestation and forest management: After strengthening the seedlings of Phoebe bournei seedlings, they were planted together with Melaleuca alternifolia. In January and February of the second year of afforestation, the Melaleuca alternifolia was stumped to a height of 10-35 cm. The essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia was extracted from the branches and leaves. The waste generated by the extraction was mixed with animal feces at a ratio of 1:1-2 for composting to obtain organic fertilizer, and the organic fertilizer was applied in winter;

[0011] Foliar fertilizer made by mixing Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil, β-aminobutyric acid, calcium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water is sprayed on Phoebe plants.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, the waste generated by the extraction is prepared into organic fertilizer and returned to the field, making full use of the antibacterial and allelopathic effects of the residual terpinene-4-ol in the waste generated by the extraction to inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms in the rhizosphere.

[0013] Preferably, in the above technical solution, in step S2, the method for strengthening the Phoebe bournei seedlings is as follows:

[0014] Take Phoebe bournei seedlings that are at least 1 year old, cut off the tender shoots 5-6 cm above the top of the Phoebe bournei seedlings, and remove the dense branches; then apply root growth auxiliary liquid and water fertilizer to the root system in rotation, with an application cycle of 1-2 times every 2 months until afforestation; wherein,

[0015] The root system rotation application of root system auxiliary growth liquid and water fertilizer is to first irrigate with the root system auxiliary growth liquid, and then apply water fertilizer after an interval of at least 4 days. The root system auxiliary growth liquid includes potassium dihydrogen phosphate, phenylalanine, enzyme, β-aminobutyric acid, chitosan oligosaccharide, Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil and water; the water fertilizer includes (NH4)2SO4, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water.

[0016] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the enzyme is one or both of phenylalanine ammonia lyase and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase.

[0017] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the root auxiliary growth solution includes, by mass percentage, 10-18% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-4% phenylalanine, 0.5-2% phenylalanine ammonia lyase, 0.5-2% cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, 1-5% β-aminobutyric acid, 5-8% chitosan oligosaccharides, 5-10% Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil and 59-72% water.

[0018] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the water fertilizer comprises, by mass percentage, 5-10% (NH4)2SO4, 1-5% zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.5-1% borax, 0.5-1% calcium nitrate, 3-8% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 75-85% water.

[0019] According to the above technical scheme, the present invention cuts off the top tender shoots of the Phoebe bournei seedlings and applies root auxiliary growth liquid and water and fertilizer. First, cutting off the top tender shoots reduces the transportation of nutrients to the branches and trunks, and promotes the retention of nutrients in the roots for root development; secondly, applying the root auxiliary growth liquid and water and fertilizer, the component potassium dihydrogen phosphate of the root auxiliary growth liquid can provide phosphorus and potassium elements, phenylalanine, phenylalanine ammonia lyase and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase promote lignin synthesis and vascular tissue development and root cell proliferation, promote the increase of Phoebe bournei lateral roots and the elongation of the main root, and improve the overall development of the Phoebe bournei root system. At the same time, β-aminobutyric acid, chitosan oligosaccharides, (NH4)2SO4, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and the like promote adventitious roots, increase the root hair density of the root system, activate the SA / JA signaling pathway, and enhance the self-defense of the Phoebe bournei seedlings; the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia inhibits harmful microorganisms in the rhizosphere, protects root cells from oxidative stress, and improves the environmental adaptability of Phoebe bournei. Water and fertilizer provide the nutrients needed for growth, promote root development, and enhance the disease resistance of Phoebe fujianensis and its survival rate after compound management.

[0020] Preferably, in the above technical solution, in step S2, the foliage fertilizer is prepared by mixing 5-10% Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil, 1-5% β-aminobutyric acid, 1-2% calcium nitrate, 10-15% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water in percentage by mass.

[0021] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the management model is 1 row of Phoebe bournei + 5 rows of Melaleuca alternifolia, 1 row of Phoebe bournei + 4 rows of Melaleuca alternifolia, 1 row of Phoebe bournei + 2 rows of Melaleuca alternifolia or 1 row of Phoebe bournei + 1 row of Melaleuca alternifolia.

[0022] Preferably, in the above technical solution, during afforestation in step S2, 1 kg of organic fertilizer and 250 g of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer are placed in each planting hole, the young Phoebe fujianensis and Melaleuca alternifolia saplings are transplanted into specific planting holes, topsoil is backfilled to half of the hole and the soil and fertilizer are mixed, the soil is backfilled to a height slightly higher than the hole surface by 2-3 cm, and water is poured through the roots along the trunk.

[0023] Preferably, in the above technical solution, in step S2, the Melaleuca alternifolia is a Melaleuca alternifolia tissue culture seedling with a 4-terpineol content ≥35% and a 1,8-cineole content ≤3%.

[0024] According to the above technical solution, Melaleuca alternifolia tissue culture seedlings with a 4-terpineol content of ≥35% and a 1,8-cineole content of ≤3% are selected and harvested in November-December to achieve extraction and obtain more terpinene-4-ol.

[0025] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the length, width and depth of the planting hole are 45 cm × 45 cm × 30 cm.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) The present invention controls the planting row spacing of Melaleuca alternifolia and controls the cutting height of Melaleuca alternifolia to 20-35 cm, so that the survival rate of the interplanted Melaleuca alternifolia is high, the number of sprouts and the number of germination points after cutting are large, and the average biomass of a single plant of Melaleuca alternifolia one year after planting is greater than 0.83 kg; the Melaleuca alternifolia is cut and the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia is extracted in January and February, thereby ensuring the survival rate of the Melaleuca alternifolia sprout forest and obtaining a higher oil yield.

[0028] (2) The present invention performs seedling strengthening treatment on Phoebe bournei seedlings before transplanting, and promotes the elongation of the main root and the increase of lateral roots by applying root auxiliary growth liquid and water fertilizer, thereby improving the environmental adaptability of Phoebe bournei, and enhancing the disease resistance of Phoebe bournei and the survival rate after composite management.

[0029] (3) The present invention intercrops Melaleuca alternifolia and Phoebe bournei for the first time, taking advantage of the large international and domestic supply and demand for tea tree oil and the slow formation of Phoebe bournei wood, and taking advantage of the "short, flat, and fast" characteristics of a single Melaleuca alternifolia and the "long, flat, and slow" characteristics of a single Phoebe bournei, to form an excellent composite management model of Melaleuca alternifolia + Phoebe bournei with "short, medium, and long" benefits. In the early stage, Melaleuca alternifolia continues to produce, accelerating economic benefits and income, using the short to support the long, while not affecting the development of the long-cycle tree species Phoebe bournei, promoting the utilization of natural resources in vertical space, and enhancing the economic value of forest land, providing a demonstration for the precise improvement of forest quality in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and the construction of multifunctional forests in national reserve forests. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the planting spacing of 1 row of Phoebe bournei + 5 rows of Melaleuca alternifolia in the management mode of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the planting spacing of 1 row of Phoebe bournei + 4 rows of Melaleuca alternifolia in the management mode of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the planting spacing of 1 row of Phoebe bournei + 2 rows of Melaleuca alternifolia in the management mode of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planting spacing of 1 row of Phoebe bournei + 1 row of Melaleuca alternifolia in the management mode of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] A composite management method for Phoebe chinensis using short crops to support long crops, the method comprising:

[0037] (1) Forest land clearing

[0038] Remove all vegetation from the forest floor and mark the management pattern of the planting strips and create planting holes as follows:

[0039] (1.1) Setting up planting belts

[0040] All plants on the forest floor were removed and vertical contour lines were used for planting. The management model was determined to be 1 row of Phoebe bournei + 5 rows of Melaleuca alternifolia.

[0041] Specifically, the planting strips of Phoebe bournei were set up with a row spacing of 3m×7m and an average density of 32 plants per mu. Melaleuca alternifolia was planted in the inter-row space 1.5m away from Phoebe bournei. Each planting strip was planted with 5 rows of Melaleuca alternifolia, with a row spacing of 1m×1m and an average density of 480 plants per mu.

[0042] (1.2) Opening planting holes

[0043] Open planting holes according to the row spacing in step 1.1, with the specifications of the planting holes being 45 cm × 45 cm × 30 cm;

[0044] (2) Afforestation and forest management:

[0045] (2.1) Afforestation

[0046] The Melaleuca alternifolia tree species selected were tissue culture seedlings with a 4-terpineol content of ≥35% and a 1,8-cineole content of ≤3%, and the Phoebe bournei tree species were high-quality Phoebe bournei seedlings cultivated from seeds in Fuchuan Seed Garden;

[0047] One-year-old Phoebe bournei seedlings are cultured to strengthen the seedlings. The specific steps of the culture are as follows:

[0048] First, cut off the top 5-6cm of the tender shoots of the one-year-old Phoebe bournei seedlings and remove the dense branches;

[0049] The root system auxiliary growth liquid is then irrigated on the roots of the Phoebe bournei seedlings until the soil is moistened, and water and fertilizer are then irrigated after 4-5 days until liquid flows out from the bottom of the non-woven bag. The root system auxiliary growth liquid and water and fertilizer are applied once a month, and the irrigated plants are applied until the Phoebe bournei seedlings grow to an age suitable for transplantation. The root system auxiliary growth liquid is prepared by mixing 12% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2% phenylalanine, 0.8% phenylalanine ammonia lyase, 0.5% cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, 2% beta-aminobutyric acid, 6% chitosan oligosaccharide, 5% Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil and 71.7% water, and the water and fertilizer are prepared by mixing 10% (NH4)2SO4, 3% zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 1% borax, 1% calcium nitrate, 5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 80% water.

[0050] Put 1kg of organic fertilizer and 250g of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer in each planting hole, transplant the above-mentioned strong seedling-cultivated Phoebe fujian seedlings and the Melaleuca alternifolia seedlings with a height ≥20cm and a ground diameter ≥0.2cm into the specific planting holes, backfill the topsoil to half of the hole and mix the soil and fertilizer, backfill the soil to slightly higher than the hole surface by 2-3cm, and water the roots along the trunk.

[0051] (2.2) Forest management:

[0052] After afforestation, mechanical weeding, forest soil loosening and Phoebe bournei pruning are carried out in May-June and November-December every year. Specifically, a tiller is used to loosen the 20 cm soil layer in the forest, prune the main trunk of Phoebe bournei, cut off branches with poor light exposure, competing branches and diseased and insect-infested branches, and transport the cut branches and turned-up weeds out of the forest. After the pruning of Phoebe bournei is completed, spray the plants with foliar fertilizer.

[0053] In January and February of the second year of planting, the Melaleuca alternifolia was stumped to a height of 35 cm, and the Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil was extracted from the branches and leaves by steam distillation. The extracted waste was mixed with animal manure in a fixed proportion for composting to obtain organic fertilizer. In December, a fertilizer ditch of 0.5 m long, 0.15 m wide, and 0.2 m deep was opened 0.5 m away from the planting pit, and the above-mentioned organic fertilizer was added into the fertilizer ditch.

[0054] The foliar fertilizer is prepared by mixing 5% of Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil, 3% beta-aminobutyric acid, 2% calcium nitrate, 15% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 75% water and sprayed on Phoebe bournei plants.

[0055] The dead Phoebe burgdorferi and Melaleuca alternifolia are replanted every year.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] A composite management method for Phoebe chinensis using short crops to support long crops, the method comprising:

[0058] (1) Forest land clearing

[0059] Remove all vegetation from the forest floor and mark the management pattern of the planting strips and create planting holes as follows:

[0060] (1.1) Setting up planting belts

[0061] All plants on the forest floor were removed and vertical contour lines were used for planting, with the management model being 1 row of Phoebe bournei + 4 rows of Melaleuca alternifolia.

[0062] Specifically, the planting strips of Phoebe bournei were set up with a row spacing of 3m×6m and an average density of 37 plants per mu. Melaleuca alternifolia was planted in the inter-row space 1.5m away from Phoebe bournei. Each planting strip was planted with 4 rows of Melaleuca alternifolia, with a row spacing of 1m×1m and an average density of 444 plants per mu.

[0063] (1.2) Opening planting holes

[0064] Open planting holes according to the row spacing in step 1.1, with the specifications of the planting holes being 45 cm × 45 cm × 30 cm;

[0065] (2) Afforestation and forest management:

[0066] (2.1) Afforestation

[0067] The Melaleuca alternifolia tree species selected were tissue culture seedlings with a 4-terpineol content of ≥35% and a 1,8-cineole content of ≤3%, and the Phoebe bournei tree species were high-quality Phoebe bournei seedlings cultivated from seeds in Fuchuan Seed Garden;

[0068] One-year-old Phoebe bournei seedlings are cultured to strengthen the seedlings. The specific steps of the culture are as follows:

[0069] One-year-old Phoebe bournei seedlings are cultured to strengthen the seedlings. The specific steps of the culture are as follows:

[0070] First, cut off the top 5-6cm of the tender shoots of the one-year-old Phoebe bournei seedlings and remove the dense branches;

[0071] The root system auxiliary growth liquid is then irrigated on the roots of the Phoebe bournei seedlings until the soil is moistened, and water and fertilizer are then irrigated after 4-5 days until liquid flows out from the bottom of the non-woven bag. The root system auxiliary growth liquid and water and fertilizer are applied once every two months, and the irrigated plants are applied until the Phoebe bournei seedlings grow to an age suitable for transplantation. The root system auxiliary growth liquid is prepared by mixing 15% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1% phenylalanine, 0.5% phenylalanine ammonia lyase, 0.5% cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, 1% beta-aminobutyric acid, 8% chitosan oligosaccharide, 7% Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil and 67% water, and the water and fertilizer is prepared by mixing 8% (NH4)2SO4, 3% zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.5% borax, 0.5% calcium nitrate, 3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 85% water.

[0072] Put 1kg of organic fertilizer and 250g of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer in each planting hole, transplant the Phoebe fujianensis saplings obtained by the above-mentioned strong seedling cultivation and the Melaleuca alternifolia saplings with seedling height ≥20cm and ground diameter ≥0.2cm into specific planting holes, backfill the topsoil to half of the hole and mix the soil and fertilizer, backfill the soil to slightly higher than the hole surface by 2-3cm, and water the roots along the trunk.

[0073] (2.2) Forest management:

[0074] After afforestation, mechanical weeding, forest soil loosening and Phoebe bournei pruning are carried out in May-June and November-December every year. Specifically, a tiller is used to loosen the 20 cm soil layer in the forest, prune the main trunk of Phoebe bournei, cut off branches with poor light exposure, competing branches and diseased and insect-infested branches, and transport the cut branches and turned-up weeds out of the forest. After the pruning of Phoebe bournei is completed, spray the plants with foliar fertilizer.

[0075] In January and February of the second year of planting, the Melaleuca alternifolia was stumped to a height of 30 cm, and the Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil was extracted from the branches and leaves by steam distillation. The extracted waste was mixed with animal manure in a fixed proportion for composting to obtain organic fertilizer. In December, a fertilizer ditch of 0.5 m long, 0.15 m wide, and 0.2 m deep was opened 0.5 m away from the planting pit, and the above-mentioned organic fertilizer was added into the fertilizer ditch.

[0076] The foliar fertilizer was prepared by mixing 8% of Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil, 4% beta-aminobutyric acid, 1% of calcium nitrate, 12% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 75% of water and sprayed on Phoebe bournei plants.

[0077] The dead Phoebe burgdorferi and Melaleuca alternifolia are replanted every year.

[0078] Example 3

[0079] A composite management method for Phoebe chinensis using short crops to support long crops, the method comprising:

[0080] (1) Forest land clearing

[0081] Remove all vegetation from the forest floor and mark the management pattern of the planting strips and create planting holes as follows:

[0082] (1.1) Setting up planting belts

[0083] All plants on the forest floor were removed and vertical contour lines were used for planting, with the management model being 1 row of Phoebe bournei + 2 rows of Melaleuca alternifolia.

[0084] Specifically, the planting strips of Phoebe bournei were set up with a row spacing of 3m×4m and an average density of 55 plants per mu. Melaleuca alternifolia was planted in the inter-row space 1m away from Phoebe bournei. Two rows of Melaleuca alternifolia were planted in each planting strip, with a row spacing of 1m×1m and an average density of 330 plants per mu.

[0085] (1.2) Opening planting holes

[0086] Open planting holes according to the row spacing in step 1.1, with the specifications of the planting holes being 45 cm × 45 cm × 30 cm;

[0087] (2) Afforestation and forest management:

[0088] (2.1) Afforestation

[0089] The Melaleuca alternifolia tree species are selected from tissue culture seedlings with a 4-terpineol content of ≥35% and a 1,8-cineole content of ≤3%. The Phoebe bournei tree species are selected from improved Phoebe bournei seedlings cultivated from seeds in Fuchuan Seed Garden.

[0090] One-year-old Phoebe bournei seedlings are cultured to strengthen the seedlings. The specific steps of the culture are as follows:

[0091] First, cut off the top 5-6cm of the tender shoots of the one-year-old Phoebe bournei seedlings and remove the dense branches;

[0092] The root system auxiliary growth liquid is then irrigated on the roots of the Phoebe bournei seedlings until the soil is moistened, and water and fertilizer are then irrigated 4-5 days later until liquid flows out from the bottom of the non-woven bag. The root system auxiliary growth liquid and water and fertilizer are applied 1-2 times in 2 months, and the irrigated plants are applied until the Phoebe bournei seedlings grow to an age suitable for transplantation. The root system auxiliary growth liquid is prepared by mixing 13% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2% phenylalanine, 1% phenylalanine ammonia lyase, 0.5% cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, 3% beta-aminobutyric acid, 8% chitosan oligosaccharide, 5% Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil and 67.5% water, and the water and fertilizer are prepared by mixing 8% (NH4)2SO4, 2% zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.8% borax, 1% calcium nitrate, 8% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 80.2% water.

[0093] Put 1kg of organic fertilizer and 250g of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer in each planting hole, transplant the Phoebe fujianensis saplings obtained by the above-mentioned strong seedling cultivation and the Melaleuca alternifolia saplings with seedling height ≥20cm and ground diameter ≥0.2cm into specific planting holes, backfill the topsoil to half of the hole and mix the soil and fertilizer, backfill the soil to slightly higher than the hole surface by 2-3cm, and water the roots along the trunk.

[0094] (2.2) Forest management:

[0095] After afforestation, mechanical weeding, forest soil loosening and Phoebe bournei pruning are carried out in May-June and November-December every year. Specifically, a tiller is used to loosen the 20 cm soil layer in the forest, prune the main trunk of Phoebe bournei, cut off branches with poor light exposure, competing branches and diseased and insect-infested branches, and transport the cut branches and turned-up weeds out of the forest. After the pruning of Phoebe bournei is completed, spray the plants with foliar fertilizer.

[0096] In January and February of the second year of planting, the Melaleuca alternifolia was stumped to a height of 25 cm, and the Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil was extracted from the branches and leaves by steam distillation. The extracted waste was mixed with animal manure in a fixed proportion for composting to obtain organic fertilizer. In December, a fertilizer ditch of 0.5 m long, 0.15 m wide, and 0.2 m deep was opened 0.5 m away from the planting pit, and the above-mentioned organic fertilizer was added into the fertilizer ditch.

[0097] A foliar fertilizer prepared by mixing 8% of Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil, 1% beta-aminobutyric acid, 1% calcium nitrate, 15% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 75% water was sprayed on Phoebe bournei plants.

[0098] The dead Phoebe burgdorferi and Melaleuca alternifolia are replanted every year.

[0099] Example 4

[0100] A composite management method for Phoebe chinensis using short crops to support long crops, the method comprising:

[0101] (1) Forest land clearing

[0102] Remove all vegetation from the forest floor and mark the management pattern of the planting strips and create planting holes as follows:

[0103] (1.1) Setting up planting belts

[0104] All plants on the forest floor were removed and vertical contour lines were used for planting, with the management model being 1 row of Phoebe bournei + 1 row of Melaleuca alternifolia.

[0105] Specifically, the planting strips of Phoebe bournei were set up with a row spacing of 3m×3m and an average density of 74 plants per mu. Melaleuca alternifolia was planted in the inter-row space 1.5m away from Phoebe bournei. One row of Melaleuca alternifolia was planted in each planting strip, and the row spacing of Melaleuca alternifolia was 3m×3m, with an average density of 222 plants per mu.

[0106] (1.2) Opening planting holes

[0107] Open planting holes according to the row spacing in step 1.1, with the specifications of the planting holes being 45 cm × 45 cm × 30 cm;

[0108] (2) Afforestation and forest management:

[0109] (2.1) Afforestation

[0110] The Melaleuca alternifolia tree species selected were tissue culture seedlings with a 4-terpineol content of ≥35% and a 1,8-cineole content of ≤3%, and the Phoebe bournei tree species were high-quality Phoebe bournei seedlings cultivated from seeds in Fuchuan Seed Garden;

[0111] One-year-old Phoebe bournei seedlings are cultured to strengthen the seedlings. The specific steps of the culture are as follows:

[0112] First, cut off the top 5-6cm of the tender shoots of the one-year-old Phoebe bournei seedlings and remove the dense branches;

[0113] The root system auxiliary growth liquid is then irrigated on the roots of the Phoebe bournei seedlings until the soil is moistened, and water and fertilizer are then irrigated 4-5 days later until liquid flows out from the bottom of the non-woven bag. The root system auxiliary growth liquid and water and fertilizer are applied 1-2 times in 2 months, and the irrigated plants are applied until the Phoebe bournei seedlings grow to an age suitable for transplantation. The root system auxiliary growth liquid is prepared by mixing 16% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 3% phenylalanine, 3% phenylalanine ammonia lyase, 1% cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, 3% beta-aminobutyric acid, 6% chitosan oligosaccharide, 8% Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil and 60% water, and the water and fertilizer is prepared by mixing 6% (NH4)2SO4, 1% zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.8% borax, 0.8% calcium nitrate, 8% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 83.4% water.

[0114] Put 1kg of organic fertilizer and 250g of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer in each planting hole, transplant the Phoebe fujianensis saplings obtained by the above-mentioned strong seedling cultivation and the Melaleuca alternifolia saplings with seedling height ≥20cm and ground diameter ≥0.2cm into specific planting holes, backfill the topsoil to half of the hole and mix the soil and fertilizer, backfill the soil to slightly higher than the hole surface by 2-3cm, and water the roots along the trunk.

[0115] (2.2) Forest management:

[0116] After afforestation, mechanical weeding, forest soil loosening and Phoebe bournei pruning are carried out in May-June and November-December every year. Specifically, a tiller is used to loosen the 20 cm soil layer in the forest, prune the main trunk of Phoebe bournei, cut off branches with poor light exposure, competing branches and diseased and insect-infested branches, and transport the cut branches and turned-up weeds out of the forest. After the pruning of Phoebe bournei is completed, spray the plants with foliar fertilizer.

[0117] In January and February of the second year of planting, the Melaleuca alternifolia was stumped to a height of 35 cm, and the Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil was extracted from the branches and leaves by steam distillation. The extracted waste was mixed with animal manure in a fixed proportion for composting to obtain organic fertilizer. In December, a fertilizer ditch of 0.5 m long, 0.15 m wide, and 0.2 m deep was opened 0.5 m away from the planting pit, and the above-mentioned organic fertilizer was added into the fertilizer ditch.

[0118] The foliar fertilizer is prepared by mixing 10% of Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil, 3% beta-aminobutyric acid, 2% calcium nitrate, 10% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 75% water and sprayed on Phoebe bournei plants.

[0119] The dead Phoebe burgdorferi and Melaleuca alternifolia are replanted every year.

[0120] Comparative Example 1

[0121] Clear all plants on the forest land, loosen the soil and then interplant according to the following interplanting density:

[0122] Group 1: The spacing between rows of Phoebe bournei is 2m×5m, and Melaleuca alternifolia is planted in the inter-row space 1m away from Phoebe bournei. Six rows of Melaleuca alternifolia are planted in each planting zone, and the spacing between rows of Melaleuca alternifolia is 0.6m×1m.

[0123] The second group: The spacing between rows of Phoebe bournei is 2m×6m, and Melaleuca alternifolia is planted in the inter-row space 1m away from Phoebe bournei. Six rows of Melaleuca alternifolia are planted in each planting zone, and the spacing between rows of Melaleuca alternifolia is 0.8m×1m.

[0124] The third group: The spacing between rows of Phoebe bournei is 2m×7m, and Melaleuca alternifolia is planted in the inter-row space 1m away from Phoebe bournei. Each planting strip is planted with 6 rows of Melaleuca alternifolia, and the spacing between rows of Melaleuca alternifolia is 1m×1m.

[0125] The fourth group: The spacing between rows of Phoebe bournei is 3m×6m, and Melaleuca alternifolia is planted in the inter-row space 1.5m away from Phoebe bournei. Six rows of Melaleuca alternifolia are planted in each planting strip, and the spacing between rows of Melaleuca alternifolia is 0.6m×1m.

[0126] The fifth group: The spacing between rows of Phoebe bournei is 3m×7m, and Melaleuca alternifolia is planted in the inter-row space 1.5m away from Phoebe bournei. Six rows of Melaleuca alternifolia are planted in each planting strip, and the spacing between rows of Melaleuca alternifolia is 0.8m×1m.

[0127] Group 6: The row spacing of Phoebe bournei is 3m×7m, and Melaleuca alternifolia is planted in the inter-row space 1.5m away from Phoebe bournei. Each planting strip is planted with 5 rows of Melaleuca alternifolia, and the row spacing of Melaleuca alternifolia is 1m×1m.

[0128] Afforestation and forest management shall be carried out in accordance with the following methods:

[0129] (2.1) Afforestation

[0130] The Melaleuca alternifolia tree species selected were tissue culture seedlings with a 4-terpineol content of ≥35% and a 1,8-cineole content of ≤3%, and the Phoebe bournei tree species were high-quality Phoebe bournei seedlings cultivated from seeds in Fuchuan Seed Garden;

[0131] Put 1kg of organic fertilizer and 250g of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer in each planting hole, transplant the Phoebe fujianensis saplings and Melaleuca alternifolia saplings obtained by the seedling cultivation in Example 1 into specific planting holes, backfill the topsoil to half of the hole and stir the soil and fertilizer, backfill the soil to slightly higher than the hole surface by 2-3cm, and water the roots along the trunk.

[0132] (2.2) Forest management:

[0133] After afforestation, mechanical weeding, forest soil loosening and Phoebe bournei pruning are carried out in May-June and November-December each year. Specifically, a soil loosening machine is used to loosen the soil layer of 20 cm in the forest, the main trunk of Phoebe bournei is pruned, branches with poor light exposure, competing branches and diseased and insect-infested branches are cut off, and the cut branches and turned-up weeds are transported out of the forest. In December, a fertilizer ditch with a length of 0.5 m, a width of 0.15 m and a depth of 0.2 m is opened 0.5 m away from the planting pit, the above-mentioned organic fertilizer is added into the fertilizer ditch, and foliar fertilizer prepared by mixing 3% Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil, 3% beta-aminobutyric acid, 2% calcium nitrate, 15% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 75% water is sprayed on the Phoebe bournei plants.

[0134] Each group designated specific experimental plots for interplanting, and recorded the survival status of the fixed test samples 180 days, 1 year, and 3 years after interplanting. In the first measurement, 100 Melaleuca alternifolia and 50 Phoebe bournei were randomly selected as fixed test samples. Afterwards, the number of dead plants, the number of surviving plants, and the survival rate of the samples were tracked and measured = (number of surviving plants of the tracked test samples / total number of tracked test samples) × 100%. In the last measurement of biomass, 5 Melaleuca alternifolia plants were randomly selected from each group according to the average value of each density for biomass measurement.

[0135] Table 1 Effects of different interplanting densities on Melaleuca alternifolia and Phoebe bournei

[0136]

[0137] With the increase of interplanting time, the survival rate of Melaleuca alternifolia at all interplanting densities decreased, but the survival rate at 1m×1m was higher than that at 0.8m×1m and 0.6m×1m. Among the test samples, the number of dead plants at 1 year after planting was higher than that at 3 years. The survival rate of Phoebe bournei at a planting spacing of 3m×3m was slightly better than that of 2m×2m.

[0138] Table 2 Growth of Melaleuca alternifolia at different interplanting densities

[0139]

[0140] The interplanting density of Melaleuca alternifolia affects the biomass of Melaleuca alternifolia to a certain extent, and the average biomass of Melaleuca alternifolia per plant is above 0.83 kg when the interplanting distance is 1m×1m, and the growth is the best, with the best crown width and plant height growth.

[0141] Comparative Example 2

[0142] The same as Example 1, except that the stump heights of Melaleuca alternifolia in different areas were different in January and February of the second year of planting, and the stump heights were 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 cm, respectively, and the survival rate, number of bud points, and number of bud strips were observed.

[0143] Table 3 Effects of different stump heights on the survival rate and germination rate of Melaleuca alternifolia

[0144] Felling height Survival rate (%) Number of bud points Number of sprouts 10cm 66％ 1.36±0.52 3.62±0.86 15cm 72％ 1.45±0.48 4.14±0.73 20cm 82％ 1.86±0.53 6.27±1.61 25cm 86％ 2.03±0.67 7.18±0.70 30cm 88％ 3.65±1.10 9.28±1.16 35cm 88％ 3.53±1.05 9.74±1.04

[0145] It can be seen that there are significant differences in the number of bud points and bud strips of Melaleuca alternifolia under each treatment; the number of bud points and bud strips is best when the stump height is 30-35 cm, and the survival rate is greater than 82% when the stump height is 20-35 cm, which is a good survival rate.

[0146] Comparative Example 3

[0147] The effect of strong seedling treatment on the survival rate of Phoebe bournei was studied. The vertical contour line planting was adopted and the management mode was determined to be 1 row of Phoebe bournei + 1 row of Melaleuca alternifolia.

[0148] The Melaleuca alternifolia tree species are selected from tissue culture seedlings having a 4-terpineol content of ≥35% and a 1,8-cineole content of ≤3%. The Phoebe bournei tree species are selected from improved Phoebe bournei seedlings cultivated from seeds of Fuchuan Seed Garden. The Phoebe bournei tree species are subjected to seedling strengthening treatment, and the seedling strengthening treatment is specifically as follows:

[0149] Experimental Group 1: The roots of Phoebe bournei seedlings were irrigated once a month with a fertilizer made from a mixture of 10% (NH4)2SO4, 3% zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 82% water.

[0150] When managing in the forest, use foliar fertilizer made from a mixture of 15% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2% calcium nitrate and 83% water to spray on the leaves of Phoebe bournei.

[0151] Experimental Group 2: First, prune off the top 5-6 cm of the tender shoots of one-year-old Phoebe bournei seedlings and remove overcrowded branches; then irrigate the roots of the Phoebe bournei seedlings with root growth-assisting solution until the soil is moistened, and after 4-5 days, irrigate with water and fertilizer until liquid flows out from the bottom of the non-woven bag. The above-mentioned root growth-assisting solution and water and fertilizer application cycle is 2 months and cycled once, and the application is applied until the Phoebe bournei grows to a suitable transplanting age; the root growth-assisting solution is prepared by mixing 12% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2% phenylalanine, 2% β-aminobutyric acid, 6% chitosan oligosaccharides, 5% Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil and 71.7% water, and the water and fertilizer is prepared by mixing 10% (NH4)2SO4, 3% zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 1% borax, 1% calcium nitrate, 5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 80% water;

[0152] When managing in the forest, use foliar fertilizer made from a mixture of 10% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 75% water and 15% water to spray on the leaves of Phoebe bournei.

[0153] Experimental Group 3: First, the top 5-6 cm of tender shoots of one-year-old Phoebe bournei seedlings were pruned off to remove overcrowded branches. The roots of the Phoebe bournei seedlings were then irrigated monthly with a root growth support solution consisting of 5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10% (NH4)2SO4, 2% phenylalanine, 0.8% phenylalanine ammonia lyase, 0.5% cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, 6% chitosan oligosaccharides, 5% Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil, and 70.7% water.

[0154] When managing the forest, use foliar fertilizer made from a mixture of 5% Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil, 2% calcium nitrate, 15% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 78% water to spray on the leaves of Phoebe bournei.

[0155] Experimental Group 4: First, cut off the top 5-6cm of the 1-year-old Phoebe bournei seedlings and remove the dense branches; then irrigate the roots of the Phoebe bournei seedlings with root growth aid solution until the soil is moist. After 5 days, irrigate with water and fertilizer until liquid flows out from the bottom of the non-woven bag. The above application cycle of root growth aid solution and water and fertilizer is 1 month, and it is applied until the Phoebe bournei grows to the age suitable for transplantation. The root growth aid solution consists of 12% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2% phenylalanine, 0.8% phenylalanine ammonia lyase, 0.5% meat The invention discloses a foliar fertilizer comprising cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, 2% beta-aminobutyric acid, 6% chitosan oligosaccharide, 5% Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil and 71.7% water; a water-based fertilizer comprising 10% (NH4)2SO4, 3% zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 1% borax, 1% calcium nitrate, 5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 80% water; and a foliar fertilizer comprising 16% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2% phenylalanine, 0.8% phenylalanine ammonia lyase, 0.5% cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase and 81.7% water, which is sprayed on leaves of Phoebe bournei during forest management.

[0156] The blank control was without any treatment. In each group, 5 plants were randomly selected from 105 plants to record the main root and lateral root conditions. The results are shown in Table 4. The 100 plants were divided into two batches, and 50 plants in each batch were used for composite management with Melaleuca alternifolia. Except for the above differences, the forest land clearing, afforestation and forest management methods were the same as in Example 1. After 3 years of composite management, the number of surviving Phoebe bournei in each batch in each group was determined, and the average number of surviving plants in the two batches was taken. Five well-grown Phoebe bournei trees were randomly selected to measure and record the plant height, ground diameter and crown width. The results are shown in Table 5.

[0157] Table 4 Root system of Phoebe bournei seedlings

[0158]

[0159]

[0160] Table 5 Number of surviving plants and growth after 3 years of compound farming

[0161]

[0162] From Table 5 above, we can see that different seedling treatments affect the survival and growth of Phoebe bournei after the subsequent composite management of Phoebe bournei and Melaleuca alternifolia.

[0163] Melaleuca alternifolia stumps were cut in different months, and the Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil was extracted from its branches and leaves. The 4-terpineol content in the Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil was detected. The results are shown in Table 6.

[0164] Table 6 Oil content and terpinene-4-ol of Melaleuca alternifolia in different months

[0165]

[0166] The present invention can be implemented in various ways and is not limited to the embodiments described above. A person skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention can be implemented in other specific ways without changing the technical concept or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described above are illustrative and not intended to limit the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite management method for Phoebe bournei with short-term growth, characterized in that: include: S1, forest land clearing: remove all plants on the forest land and mark the planting strips with at least one row of Phoebe bournei and one row of Melaleuca alternifolia, with the spacing of Phoebe bournei rows being 2-3m × 3-7m and the spacing of Melaleuca alternifolia rows being 1-3m × 1-3m; S2, afforestation and forest management: After strengthening the seedlings of Phoebe bournei seedlings, they were planted together with Melaleuca alternifolia. In January and February of the second year of afforestation, the Melaleuca alternifolia was stumped to a height of 10-35 cm. The essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia was extracted from the branches and leaves. The waste generated by the extraction was mixed with animal feces at a ratio of 1:1-2 for composting to obtain organic fertilizer, and the organic fertilizer was applied in winter; Foliar fertilizer made by mixing Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil, β-aminobutyric acid, calcium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water is sprayed on Phoebe plants.

2. The composite management method of Phoebe bournei with short-term growth as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the method for strengthening the Phoebe bournei seedlings is as follows: Take Phoebe bournei seedlings that are at least 1 year old, cut off the tender shoots 5-6 cm above the top of the Phoebe bournei seedlings, and remove the dense branches; then apply root growth auxiliary liquid and water fertilizer to the root system in rotation, with an application cycle of 1-2 times every 2 months until afforestation; wherein, The root system rotation application of root system auxiliary growth liquid and water fertilizer is to first irrigate with the root system auxiliary growth liquid, and then apply water fertilizer after an interval of at least 4 days. The root system auxiliary growth liquid includes potassium dihydrogen phosphate, phenylalanine, enzyme, β-aminobutyric acid, chitosan oligosaccharide, Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil and water; the water fertilizer includes (NH4)2SO4, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water.

3. The composite management method of Phoebe bournei with short-term growth as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The enzyme agent is one or both of phenylalanine ammonia lyase and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase.

4. The composite management method of Phoebe bournei with short-term growth as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: Calculated by mass percentage, the root system auxiliary growth solution includes 10-18% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-4% phenylalanine, 0.5-2% phenylalanine ammonia lyase, 0.5-2% cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, 1-5% beta-aminobutyric acid, 5-8% chitosan oligosaccharide, 5-10% Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil and 59-72% water.

5. The composite management method of Phoebe bournei with short-term growth as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: Calculated by mass percentage, the water fertilizer includes 5-10% (NH4)2SO4, 1-5% zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.5-1% borax, 0.5-1% calcium nitrate, 3-8% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 75-85% water.

6. The composite management method of Phoebe bournei with short-term growth as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the foliage fertilizer is prepared by mixing 5-10% of Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil, 1-5% of beta-aminobutyric acid, 1-2% of calcium nitrate, 10-15% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water in percentage by mass.

7. The composite management method of Phoebe bournei with short-term growth as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The management model is 1 row of Phoebe bournei + 5 rows of Melaleuca alternifolia, 1 row of Phoebe bournei + 4 rows of Melaleuca alternifolia, 1 row of Phoebe bournei + 2 rows of Melaleuca alternifolia or 1 row of Phoebe bournei + 1 row of Melaleuca alternifolia.

8. The composite management method of Phoebe bournei with short-term growth as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: During afforestation in step S2, 1 kg of organic fertilizer and 250 g of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer are placed in each planting hole, young Phoebe bournei and Melaleuca alternifolia trees are transplanted into specific planting holes, topsoil is backfilled to half of the hole and the soil and fertilizer are mixed, the soil is backfilled to a height slightly higher than the hole surface by 2-3 cm, and water is poured through the roots along the trunk.

9. The composite management method of Phoebe bournei with short-term growth as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the Melaleuca alternifolia is a Melaleuca alternifolia tissue culture seedling with a 4-terpineol content of ≥35% and a 1,8-cineole content of ≤3%.

10. The composite management method of Phoebe bournei with short-term growth as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The length, width and depth of the planting hole are 45cm×45cm×30cm.

Images