Whole electric bicycle mutual recognition system and method

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a whole electric bicycle mutual recognition system and method. The whole electric bicycle mutual recognition system comprises a battery management system, a cloud box integrated with a Beidou positioning chip and a 4G / 5G communication module, an instrument and a controller. The cloud box is used for determining a discharging authentication result of the electric bicycle according to a first battery code, sent by the battery management system, of a battery in the electric bicycle and a second battery code, sent by the cloud platform, of the battery in the electric bicycle after the electric bicycle is powered on; the battery management system is used for closing the discharge switch if the discharge authentication result is that the discharge authentication is passed, so as to send an unlocking riding instruction to the instrument; and the instrument is used for sending a discharge output instruction to the controller when receiving the unlocking riding instruction so as to allow a battery in the electric bicycle to discharge. Beidou positioning and 4G / 5G communication module integration are realized, and illegal replacement or modification of a battery is effectively prevented through unique coding verification and hardware protocol interlocking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric bicycles, and in particular to a whole-vehicle mutual recognition system and method for electric bicycles. Background Art

[0002] GB 17761-2024, a key standard for China's electric bicycle industry, adds mandatory requirements for Beidou positioning, communications, and dynamic safety monitoring. It requires mutual recognition between vehicles and battery management systems to prevent illegal modifications and ensure riding safety. The standard also explicitly requires companies to establish quality assurance capabilities and product consistency control systems, and to achieve hardware and protocol standardization through technical means. However, traditional electric bicycles lack dynamic monitoring and remote mutual recognition mechanisms, leading to frequent problems such as battery tampering and illegal use. Furthermore, the low integration of 4G communications and Beidou positioning modules and poor protocol compatibility make it difficult to meet the new national standard's requirements for mutual recognition processes and data reporting. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a whole-vehicle mutual recognition system and method for electric bicycles, which realizes interlocking through unique code verification and hardware protocol, effectively preventing illegal replacement or modification of batteries.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electric bicycle mutual recognition system, comprising: a battery management system, a cloud box integrated with a Beidou positioning chip and a 4G / 5G communication module, an instrument, and a controller;

[0005] The cloud box is used to determine a discharge authentication result of the electric bicycle according to a first battery code of the battery in the electric bicycle sent by the battery management system and a second battery code of the battery in the electric bicycle sent by the cloud platform after the electric bicycle is powered on;

[0006] The battery management system is configured to close the discharge switch if the discharge authentication result is that the discharge authentication is passed, so as to send an unlock riding instruction to the instrument;

[0007] The meter is used to send a discharge output instruction to the controller when receiving the unlock riding instruction, so as to allow the battery in the electric bicycle to discharge.

[0008] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for mutual recognition of electric bicycles. The method is performed by the electric bicycle mutual recognition system described in the embodiment of the first aspect. The electric bicycle mutual recognition system includes a battery management system, a cloud box integrated with a Beidou positioning chip and a 4G / 5G communication module, an instrument, and a controller. The method includes:

[0009] After the electric bicycle is powered on, the cloud box determines a discharge authentication result of the electric bicycle according to a first battery code of the battery in the electric bicycle sent by the battery management system and a second battery code of the battery in the electric bicycle sent by the cloud platform;

[0010] If the discharge authentication result is that the discharge authentication is passed, the battery management system closes the discharge switch to send an unlock riding instruction to the instrument;

[0011] When the unlock riding instruction is received, the meter sends a discharge output instruction to the controller to allow the battery in the electric bicycle to discharge.

[0012] An embodiment of the present invention provides a system and method for mutual recognition of an electric bicycle. The system comprises: a battery management system, a cloud box integrated with a Beidou positioning chip and a 4G / 5G communication module, an instrument, and a controller. The cloud box is configured to determine, after the electric bicycle is powered on, a discharge authentication result for the electric bicycle based on a first battery code of the battery in the electric bicycle sent by the battery management system and a second battery code of the battery in the electric bicycle sent by a cloud platform. The battery management system is configured to close a discharge switch if the discharge authentication result indicates that the discharge authentication is passed, thereby sending an unlock riding instruction to the instrument. The instrument is configured to, upon receiving the unlock riding instruction, send a discharge output instruction to the controller to allow the battery in the electric bicycle to discharge. The above technical solution provides a system for mutual recognition of an electric bicycle. The system utilizes a cloud box integrated with a Beidou positioning chip and a 4G / 5G communication module. By comparing the battery code stored in the battery management system with the battery code stored in the cloud platform, the system effectively prevents illegal battery replacement or modification through unique code verification and hardware protocol interlocking, thereby achieving an anti-tampering function.

[0013] It should be understood that the content described in this section is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become readily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric bicycle mutual recognition system provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of another electric bicycle mutual recognition system provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 A schematic flow chart of a method for mutual recognition of electric bicycles provided in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 This is an example flow chart of a battery charging and discharging scenario in the execution of an electric bicycle mutual recognition method provided in the second embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric bicycle mutual recognition system provided by the first embodiment of the present invention. The system is applicable to the situation of authenticating the electric bicycle. The system can be implemented in the form of hardware and / or software. Figure 1 As shown, the electric bicycle mutual recognition system provided in the first embodiment may specifically include a battery management system 10, a cloud box 20 integrated with a Beidou positioning chip and a 4G / 5G communication module, a meter 30, and a controller 40;

[0023] The cloud box 20 is used to determine the discharge authentication result of the electric bicycle according to the first battery code of the battery in the electric bicycle sent by the battery management system 10 and the second battery code of the battery in the electric bicycle sent by the cloud platform after the electric bicycle is powered on;

[0024] The battery management system 10 is configured to close the discharge switch if the discharge authentication result is that the discharge authentication is passed, so as to send an unlock riding instruction to the instrument;

[0025] The meter 30 is used to send a discharge output instruction to the controller 40 when receiving the unlock riding instruction, so as to allow the battery in the electric bicycle to discharge.

[0026] In this embodiment, the battery management system 10 can be specifically understood as a system for monitoring, managing, and protecting batteries. The cloud box 20 is equivalent to a Beidou 4G / 5G communication module, integrating a Beidou positioning chip and a 4G / 5G communication module. The Beidou positioning chip supports Beidou satellite navigation positioning, and the 4G / 5G communication module supports network communication. The cloud box 20 preferably utilizes a dual-layer ceramic antenna design to ensure signal stability, with standardized housing dimensions and support for quick disassembly and replacement. In terms of waterproofing and reliability, the cloud box 20 has an overall waterproof rating of IP67, and the antenna utilizes a high-reliability design with a skeleton or steel sheet to withstand harsh environments. The cloud box 20 is embedded in a reserved slot in the vehicle body and secured with screws. The cloud box 20 can simultaneously encapsulate positioning data and battery status information, reducing transmission frequency. For example, the transmission frequency in normal conditions is ≤60 minutes / time, and the transmission frequency in abnormal conditions is ≤30 seconds / time.

[0027] In this embodiment, it is described how to effectively prevent illegal replacement or modification of batteries in the battery discharge scenario of electric bicycles, thereby realizing the anti-tampering function of the battery. Specifically, after the electric bicycle is powered on, that is, after the cloud box 20 is powered on, the cloud box 20 will read the battery type from the battery management system 10. Battery types include lead-acid batteries and lithium batteries. For lead-acid batteries, considering that their risk is relatively weak, the uniqueness of their battery coding does not need to be verified. Lead-acid electric bicycles only report data and do not perform mutual recognition. For lithium batteries, considering that their risk is relatively high, the uniqueness of their battery coding needs to be verified to verify their legitimacy.

[0028] For lithium batteries, the battery needs to be uniquely coded and verified. The cloud box 20 reads the unique code of the battery from the battery management system 10 and records it as the first battery code. A battery code library is pre-stored in the cloud platform, and the battery code library stores the battery code of each electric bicycle. The battery code stored by the cloud platform can be considered to be the correct code of the battery when the electric bicycle leaves the factory. The cloud box 20 receives the first battery code of the battery in the electric bicycle sent by the battery management system 10, and receives the battery code of the battery in the electric bicycle fed back by the cloud platform, and records the battery code fed back by the cloud platform as the second battery code.

[0029] Continuing with the above description, when the first battery code sent by the battery management system 10 is valid, the first battery code and the second battery code are further compared. It can be understood that the battery in the electric bicycle has a unique code and is stored in the cloud platform. Therefore, authorization authentication can be performed based on whether the first battery code sent by the battery management system 10 is the same as the second battery code of the electric bicycle stored in the cloud platform database. If the first battery code is the same as the second battery code, the discharge authentication of the electric bicycle passes, and the battery of the electric bicycle is allowed to discharge, that is, discharge is authorized. If the first battery code is different from the second battery code, the discharge authentication of the electric bicycle fails, and the battery of the electric bicycle is not allowed to discharge, that is, discharge is not authorized.

[0030] It should be noted that by obtaining the battery code from the cloud platform, dynamic cloud authentication is achieved, breaking through the traditional local matching model. The battery's unique code is verified in real time over the 4G / 5G network to prevent illegal battery use. At the same time, this embodiment provides redundant communication and fault tolerance mechanisms, supports local code caching, and can still execute basic mutual recognition logic even if the 4G / 5G network is disconnected.

[0031] Continuing with the above description, if the discharge authentication result is that the discharge authentication is passed, the battery management system 10 closes the discharge switch (i.e., the discharge MOS) to send an unlock riding instruction to the meter 30. The unlock riding instruction can be specifically understood as an instruction related to battery discharge and enabling the electric bicycle to be ridden. That is, after receiving the unlock riding instruction, the meter 30 sends a discharge output instruction to the controller 40. The controller 40 is connected to the motor. When the controller 40 sends and receives the discharge output instruction, it drives the motor to operate to allow the battery in the electric bicycle to discharge.

[0032] For example, based on the Modbus protocol, data exchange and command execution can be achieved between the battery management system 10 and the cloud box 20. The connecting wire harness is the battery management system communication line, which is a one-line communication. The Modbus protocol is used to implement data exchange such as battery code, voltage, and temperature. Modbus is a serial communication protocol. Based on the UART protocol, command exchange can be achieved between the meter 30 and the controller 40. The connecting wire harness is the meter control line. The UART protocol is a universal asynchronous serial communication protocol that adopts the LVTTL specification, has a transmission baud rate of 9600 bit / s, and a frame structure that includes fields such as the frame header, version number, and target address. The LVTTL specification refers to the low-voltage differential transmission logic level standard, which is a logic level standard. The cloud box 20 can control the meter 30, and the meter 30 can be set through the cloud box 20, and the controller 40 can be set through the meter 30. At the same time, the meter 30 will also act as a host to actively query relevant information and report the relevant data to the cloud platform or management platform through the cloud box 20. For example, a lithium-ion vehicle reads the battery's unique code and compares it with the battery code library on the cloud platform. If a match is found, a discharge authentication command is sent to the battery management system 10 via the Modbus protocol. The battery management system 10 then returns a status code indicating successful mutual recognition. Unique code verification is interlocked with the hardware protocol, for example, by binding the discharge command to the battery management system's status code, preventing unauthorized battery replacement or modification.

[0033] It should be noted that the electric bicycle mutual recognition system provided in this embodiment is compliant: it fully meets the mandatory requirements of the Beidou standard for positioning, communication, and mutual recognition functions. It also has tamper-proof capabilities, effectively preventing illegal battery replacement or modification through unique code verification and hardware protocol interlocking. Furthermore, its high reliability, IP67 waterproof design, standardized protocols, and redundant communication mechanisms ensure stable operation in complex environments.

[0034] The above technical solution provides a mutual recognition system for electric bicycles. It uses a cloud box integrated with a Beidou positioning chip and a 4G / 5G communication module. By comparing the battery code stored in the battery management system with the battery code stored on the cloud platform, and through unique code verification and hardware protocol interlocking, it effectively prevents illegal replacement or modification of the battery and realizes anti-tampering function.

[0035] As an optional embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, based on the above embodiment, the cloud box 20 can be optimized to be specifically used for:

[0036] a1) After the electric bicycle is powered on, a battery code inquiry message is sent to the battery management system 10 .

[0037] In this embodiment, the battery code query information is used to query the battery management system 10 for battery-related information, such as battery type and battery code. After the electric bicycle is powered on, the address bit data of the battery management system 10 is read. At this time, the cloud box 20 can be regarded as the host and the battery management system 10 can be regarded as the slave. The cloud box 20 sends the battery code query information to the battery management system 10.

[0038] b1) receiving a first battery code of a battery in the electric bicycle sent by the battery management system 10 and a second battery code of a battery in the electric bicycle sent by the cloud platform.

[0039] In this embodiment, after the battery management system 10 receives the battery code inquiry information sent by the cloud box 20, it will send the type and battery code of the battery in the electric bicycle to the cloud box 20, and record the battery code stored in the battery management system 10 as the first battery code. The battery code can be specifically understood as the unique code of the battery. The battery code of each battery in the electric bicycle should be unique and stored in the cloud platform. Accordingly, the cloud box 20 receives the type of battery and the first battery code. Exemplarily, the battery types include lead-acid batteries and lithium batteries. For lead-acid batteries, considering their relatively low risk, the uniqueness of their battery codes does not need to be verified. For lithium batteries, considering their relatively high risk, the uniqueness of their battery codes needs to be verified. The cloud box 20 will determine the type of battery in the electric bicycle, read the address bit data of the battery management system 10 through the 4G cloud box, determine the battery cell material, and distinguish between lead-acid vehicles and lithium-ion vehicles.

[0040] Continuing with the above description, for lithium-ion vehicles, the unique battery code needs to be verified. A battery code library is pre-stored on the cloud platform, containing the battery codes for each battery in the electric bicycle. Specifically, the cloud box 20 receives the first battery code of the electric bicycle battery sent by the battery management system 10, and receives the battery code of the electric bicycle battery fed back by the cloud platform, recording the battery code fed back by the cloud platform as the second battery code.

[0041] c1) If the first battery code is valid, compare the first battery code with the second battery code.

[0042] In this embodiment, when the first battery code sent by the battery management system 10 is valid, the first battery code and the second battery code are further compared. It can be understood that the battery in the electric bicycle has a unique code and is stored in the cloud platform. Therefore, the first battery code sent by the battery management system 10 can be compared with the second battery code of the electric bicycle stored in the battery code library of the cloud platform to see whether they are the same.

[0043] d1) If the first battery code is the same as the second battery code, the discharge authentication of the electric bicycle is passed.

[0044] Specifically, if the first battery code is the same as the second battery code, it is considered that the code of the battery installed on the electric bicycle is consistent with the battery code stored in the battery code library of the cloud platform, indicating that the battery on the electric bicycle has not been replaced or modified, and the mutual recognition function of the battery of the electric bicycle is realized. Therefore, the discharge authentication of the electric bicycle is passed, and the battery of the electric bicycle is allowed to discharge.

[0045] e1) If the first battery code is different from the second battery code, the discharge authentication of the electric bicycle fails.

[0046] Specifically, if the first battery code is different from the second battery code, it is considered that the code of the battery installed on the electric bicycle is inconsistent with the battery code stored in the battery code library of the cloud platform, indicating that the battery on the electric bicycle has been replaced or modified. Therefore, the discharge authentication of the electric bicycle fails and the battery of the electric bicycle is not allowed to discharge.

[0047] The above technical solution specifies how the cloud box judges the consistency of the battery code based on the battery code in the battery management system and the battery code stored in the cloud platform. Through unique code verification and hardware protocol interlocking, it effectively prevents illegal replacement or modification of the battery and realizes the battery's tamper-proof function.

[0048] Furthermore, based on the above embodiment, the battery management system 10 may be optimized to:

[0049] When the battery code inquiry message sent by the cloud box 20 is received, the first battery code of the battery in the electric bicycle is sent to the cloud box 20.

[0050] In this embodiment, when the cloud box 20 performs unique battery code verification, it needs to send a battery code query message to the battery management system 10. In response to the battery code query message, the battery management system 10 sends the battery type to the cloud box 20 and replies to the cloud box 20 with the first battery code of the battery in the electric bicycle.

[0051] The above technical solution adds a function for the battery management system to reply the battery code of the electric bicycle to the cloud box, so that the cloud box can realize discharge authentication of the electric bicycle based on the battery code.

[0052] Furthermore, based on the above embodiment, the cloud box 20 can be optimized to:

[0053] If the first battery code of the battery in the electric bicycle sent by the battery management system 10 is not received within the set time threshold or the first battery code is invalid, the discharge authentication of the electric bicycle fails.

[0054] In this embodiment, when the cloud box 20 performs unique battery code verification, it needs to send a battery code query message to the battery management system 10. In response to the battery code query message, the battery management system 10 will send the battery type to the cloud box 20. If the cloud box 20 does not receive the battery code sent by the battery management system 10 within a set time threshold, that is, the battery code transmission timeout occurs, or the first battery code sent is invalid, the electric bicycle is deemed to have failed discharge authentication and the battery of the electric bicycle is not allowed to discharge.

[0055] The above technical solution increases the situation where the battery code sent by the battery management system times out or is invalid, and the discharge authentication fails.

[0056] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of another electric bicycle mutual recognition system provided by the first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, as another optional embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, based on the above embodiment, the system can be optimized to further include a charger 50;

[0057] The charger 50 is used to send charging inquiry information to the battery management system 10 after being connected to the electric bicycle, and determine the charging authentication result of the electric bicycle according to the battery-related parameters sent by the battery management system 10;

[0058] The battery management system 10 is configured to close the charging switch if the charging authentication result is that the charging authentication is passed, so as to allow the electric bicycle to charge.

[0059] In this embodiment, in addition to the battery discharge scenario of an electric bicycle, it also includes an electric bicycle battery charging scenario. The system also includes a charger 50. In the charging scenario, the charger 50 first needs to establish a hardware connection with the battery management system 10. The charger 50 then sends a charging query message to the battery management system 10. The charging query message is used to inquire about battery-related information such as battery type and requested charging voltage from the battery management system 10. In response to the charging query message, the battery management system 10 sends battery-related parameters to the charger 50. For example, the battery-related parameters include parameters such as battery type. Based on the received battery-related parameters, the charger 50 determines the charging authentication result for the electric bicycle.

[0060] Continuing with the above description, if the battery-related parameters are valid, it is considered that the mutual recognition function of the electric bicycle's battery has been achieved. Therefore, the charging authentication of the electric bicycle has passed, and the battery of the electric bicycle is allowed to be charged. If the battery-related parameters are invalid, it is considered that the charging authentication of the electric bicycle has failed, and the battery of the electric bicycle is not allowed to be charged.

[0061] Accordingly, the battery management system 10 is configured to determine whether to allow charging of the battery in the electric bicycle based on the charging authentication result. If the charging authentication result indicates that the charging authentication is passed, the charging switch (i.e., the charging MOS) is closed to allow charging of the battery in the electric bicycle. If the charging authentication result indicates that the charging authentication is failed, the charging switch is not closed to prevent charging of the battery in the electric bicycle.

[0062] The above technical solution adds a charging scenario for the batteries in electric bicycles, and how to achieve mutual recognition of charging of electric bicycles, thereby improving the charging safety of electric bicycles.

[0063] Furthermore, based on the above embodiment, the charger 50 may be optimized to:

[0064] a2) After connecting to the electric bicycle, a charging inquiry message is sent to the battery management system 10 .

[0065] In the electric bicycle battery charging scenario, after the charger 50 is connected to the electric bicycle, the charger 50 can be regarded as the host and the battery management system 10 can be regarded as the slave. The charger 50 sends charging inquiry information to the battery management system 10.

[0066] b2) receiving battery-related parameters associated with the charging inquiry information sent by the battery management system 10 .

[0067] In this embodiment, when the battery management system 10 receives the charging inquiry information sent by the charger 50, it sends the relevant parameters of the battery in the electric bicycle to the charger 50 and records the relevant parameters of the battery as battery-related parameters. Correspondingly, the charger 50 receives the battery-related parameters sent by the battery management system 10.

[0068] c2) If the battery-related parameters are valid, the charging authentication of the electric bicycle passes; if the battery-related parameters are invalid, the charging authentication of the electric bicycle fails.

[0069] In this embodiment, if the battery-related parameters are valid, the charging authentication of the electric bicycle passes, and the battery of the electric bicycle is allowed to charge. If the battery-related parameters are invalid, the charging authentication of the electric bicycle fails, and the battery of the electric bicycle is not allowed to charge.

[0070] The above technical solution specifies the steps of how the charger authenticates the charging of the electric bicycle based on the battery-related parameters replied by the battery management system, and provides a basis for whether to charge the battery of the electric bicycle subsequently.

[0071] Furthermore, based on the above embodiment, the battery management system 10 can be optimized to:

[0072] When receiving the charging inquiry message sent by the charger 50 , the battery-related parameters associated with the charging inquiry information are sent to the charger.

[0073] In this embodiment, when authenticating the battery's charging authorization, the charger 50 must send a charging inquiry message to the battery management system 10. In response to the charging inquiry message, the battery management system 10 sends the battery-related parameters associated with the charging inquiry message to the charger 50. For example, the battery-related parameters include information such as the battery type, cell type, and battery voltage.

[0074] The above technical solution adds a function for the battery management system to reply battery-related parameters to the charger, so that the charger can realize charging authentication of the electric bicycle based on the battery-related parameters.

[0075] As another optional embodiment of the present invention, it can be optimized based on the above embodiment.

[0076] The meter 30 is used to display a discharge warning message when the discharge authentication result is a discharge authentication failure and report it to the cloud platform through the cloud box 20, and send a current limiting instruction to the controller 40 to prevent the battery in the electric bicycle from discharging;

[0077] The charger 50 is used to display a charging alarm message and report it to the cloud platform through the cloud box 20 when the charging authentication result is that the charging authentication fails, and generate a current limiting instruction to prevent the battery in the electric vehicle from being charged.

[0078] In an embodiment, for battery discharge scenarios in an electric bicycle, if the discharge authentication result is a discharge authentication failure, the meter 30 will display a discharge warning message. Different discharge warning messages can be displayed for different discharge authentication failure scenarios. For example, if the battery code returned by the battery management system 10 is invalid or timed out, the meter 30 may display a discharge warning message E01. If the battery code returned by the battery management system is valid but inconsistent with the comparison result of the cloud platform, the meter 30 may display a discharge warning message E02. While displaying the discharge warning message, the meter 30 will upload this discharge warning information to the cloud platform via the cloud box 20 and trigger a current limiting instruction to the controller 40 to prevent the battery in the electric bicycle from discharging.

[0079] In this embodiment, for the battery charging scenario in an electric bicycle, if the charging authentication scenario indicates that the charging authentication fails, the charger will display a charging warning message. For example, when the charger can normally charge the battery in the electric bicycle, the charger will display a red light. When the charger is not allowed to charge the battery in the electric bicycle, the charger will display a green light. Similarly, while displaying the charging warning message, the charger 50 will upload the charging warning information to the cloud platform via the cloud box 20 and trigger a current limiting instruction to the controller 40 to prevent the battery in the electric bicycle from being charged.

[0080] It is understandable that after receiving the above-mentioned alarm information, the cloud platform will lock the electric bicycle and manually intervene to inspect and repair the electric bicycle.

[0081] The above technical solution adds an exception handling mechanism for battery discharge and charging scenarios. When the discharge authentication fails or the charging authentication fails, the corresponding alarm information is displayed and the current limiting instruction is triggered. At the same time, the alarm information is synchronized to the cloud platform, which realizes the triggering of alarms and discharge restrictions in abnormal situations (such as battery tampering), thereby improving the charging and discharging safety of electric bicycles.

[0082] Furthermore, based on the above embodiment, it can be optimized.

[0083] The battery management system 10 is further configured to collect discharge status information of the battery in the electric bicycle when the electric bicycle is discharging, and to collect charge status information of the battery in the electric bicycle when the electric bicycle is charging, and to upload the discharge status information or charge status information to the cloud platform via the cloud box 20;

[0084] The cloud box 20 is also used to upload the positioning information of the electric bicycle to the cloud platform.

[0085] In this embodiment, during the discharge or charging process of the battery in the electric bicycle, the battery management system 10 will collect relevant information about the battery and the vehicle in real time and upload it to the cloud platform via the cloud box 20. In the discharge scenario, the battery management system 10 will collect the discharge status information of the battery in the electric bicycle in real time. For example, the discharge status information may include information such as the battery voltage, state of charge, and temperature. In the charging scenario, the battery management system 10 will collect the charging status information of the battery in the electric bicycle in real time. For example, the charging status information may include real-time voltage, current, temperature, and charging capacity during the charging process. The discharge status information or charging status information will be uploaded to the cloud platform via the cloud box 20.

[0086] In addition, the Cloud Box 20 is integrated with a Beidou positioning chip, which can collect real-time battery positioning information and report it to the cloud platform via 4G. It can also collect real-time riding data such as speed, battery level, and location and report it to the management platform via the Cloud Box, meeting the dynamic monitoring requirements stipulated by national standards. It is understood that in addition to uploading this information to the cloud platform, it can also be sent to the management platform to provide users with real-time information on the positioning of the e-bike and the charging and discharging status of the battery.

[0087] The above technical solution adds the collection of battery-related information in the discharge and charging scenarios of electric bicycles, and realizes dynamic safety monitoring of electric bicycle batteries.

[0088] Furthermore, based on the above embodiment, the battery management system 10 can be optimized to:

[0089] a3) During the charging process of the battery in the electric bicycle, the temperature and voltage of the battery in the electric bicycle are monitored.

[0090] In this embodiment, an exception handling mechanism is also provided for the battery charging process in the electric bicycle. Specifically, during the battery charging process in the electric bicycle, the temperature and voltage of the battery are monitored.

[0091] b3) If the temperature does not exceed the set temperature threshold and the voltage does not exceed the set voltage threshold, the battery in the electric bicycle continues to be charged.

[0092] In this embodiment, the set temperature threshold can be specifically understood as the temperature range or temperature value below which the battery temperature must be kept in a normal state. The set temperature threshold can be set based on the actual battery conditions. The set voltage threshold can be specifically understood as the voltage range or voltage value below which the battery voltage must be kept in a normal state. The set voltage threshold can be set based on the actual battery conditions. If the battery temperature does not exceed the set temperature threshold and the battery voltage does not exceed the set voltage threshold, indicating that both the battery temperature and voltage are normal, charging of the battery is maintained.

[0093] c3) If the temperature exceeds the set temperature threshold or the voltage exceeds the set voltage threshold, the battery in the electric bicycle will not be charged, and a charging abnormality alarm will be generated, and the charging abnormality alarm will be sent to the cloud platform through the cloud box.

[0094] In this embodiment, if the battery temperature exceeds a set temperature threshold, which is equivalent to a battery temperature anomaly, and if the battery voltage exceeds a set voltage threshold, which is equivalent to a battery voltage anomaly, the above battery temperature or voltage anomalies trigger a current limiting instruction, and the battery in the electric bicycle is no longer charged. At the same time, a charging anomaly alarm is also generated and reported to the cloud platform via the cloud box. For example, during the charging process of the electric bicycle battery, when the battery temperature or voltage is abnormal, the current limiting instruction is triggered and the alarm data is uploaded within 30 seconds.

[0095] It can be understood that the interconnection of the battery management system 10, cloud box 20, instrument 30, controller 40, and charger 50 in the electric bicycle vehicle mutual recognition system is to achieve data interaction through standardized interfaces, for example, the standardized interfaces are receiving (RX) port and sending (TX) port.

[0096] The above technical solution adds an exception handling mechanism for the charging process. During the charging process, by real-time monitoring of the battery temperature or voltage values, it is determined whether there is an abnormality in the battery temperature or voltage. When an abnormality occurs, the current limiting instruction is triggered and the alarm data is uploaded, thereby improving the safety of electric bicycle charging.

[0097] Example 2

[0098] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a method for mutual recognition of electric bicycles provided in Example 2 of the present invention. This method is applicable to situations where authentication and mutual recognition of electric bicycles are performed. This method can be executed by an electric bicycle mutual recognition system, which can be implemented in the form of hardware and / or software.

[0099] The electric bicycle vehicle mutual recognition system includes a battery management system, a cloud box integrated with a Beidou positioning chip and a 4G / 5G communication module, an instrument, and a controller.

[0100] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment 2 provides a method for mutual recognition of electric bicycles, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0101] S601. After the electric bicycle is powered on, the discharge authentication result of the electric bicycle is determined through the cloud box according to the first battery code of the battery in the electric bicycle sent by the battery management system and the second battery code of the battery in the electric bicycle sent by the cloud platform.

[0102] In this embodiment, the battery management system can be specifically understood as a system for monitoring, managing, and protecting batteries. The cloud box is equivalent to a Beidou 4G / 5G communication module, integrating a Beidou positioning chip and a 4G / 5G communication module. The Beidou positioning chip supports Beidou satellite navigation positioning, and the 4G / 5G communication module supports network communication. The cloud box preferably adopts a dual-layer ceramic antenna design to ensure signal stability, with standardized housing dimensions and support for quick disassembly and replacement. In terms of waterproofing and reliability, the cloud box has an overall waterproof rating of IP67, and the antenna adopts a high-reliability design with a skeleton or steel sheet to adapt to harsh environments. The cloud box is embedded in a reserved slot in the vehicle body and fixed with screws. The cloud box can synchronously package positioning data and battery status information to reduce transmission frequency. For example, the transmission frequency in normal status is ≤60 seconds / time, and the transmission frequency in abnormal status is ≤30 seconds / time.

[0103] In this embodiment, it is described how to effectively prevent illegal replacement or modification of batteries in the battery discharge scenario of electric bicycles, thereby realizing the anti-tampering function of the battery. Specifically, after the electric bicycle is powered on, that is, after the cloud box is powered on, the cloud box will read the battery type from the battery management system. Battery types include lead-acid batteries and lithium batteries. For lead-acid batteries, considering their relatively low risk, the uniqueness of their battery coding does not need to be verified. Lead-acid electric bicycles only report data and do not perform mutual recognition. For lithium batteries, considering their relatively high risk, the uniqueness of their battery coding needs to be verified to verify their legitimacy.

[0104] For lithium batteries, a unique battery code verification is required. The cloud box reads the battery's unique code from the battery management system and records it as the first battery code. The cloud platform pre-stores a battery code library containing the battery codes for each electric bicycle. The battery code stored by the cloud platform can be considered the correct code for the battery when the electric bicycle leaves the factory. The cloud box receives the first battery code of the battery in the electric bicycle from the battery management system and the battery code of the battery in the electric bicycle from the cloud platform, recording the battery code reported by the cloud platform as the second battery code.

[0105] Continuing with the above description, when the first battery code sent by the battery management system is valid, the first battery code and the second battery code are further compared. It can be understood that the battery in the electric bicycle has a unique code and is stored in the cloud platform. Therefore, authorization authentication can be performed based on whether the first battery code sent by the battery management system is the same as the second battery code of the electric bicycle stored in the cloud platform database. If the first battery code and the second battery code are the same, the discharge authentication of the electric bicycle passes, and the battery of the electric bicycle is allowed to discharge, that is, discharge is authorized. If the first battery code and the second battery code are different, the discharge authentication of the electric bicycle fails, and the battery of the electric bicycle is not allowed to discharge, that is, discharge is not authorized.

[0106] It should be noted that by obtaining the battery code from the cloud platform, dynamic cloud authentication is achieved, breaking through the traditional local matching model. The battery's unique code is verified in real time over the 4G / 5G network to prevent illegal battery use. At the same time, this embodiment provides redundant communication and fault tolerance mechanisms, supports local code caching, and can still execute basic mutual recognition logic even if the 4G / 5G network is disconnected.

[0107] S602: If the discharge authentication result is that the discharge authentication is passed, the discharge switch is closed to send an unlock riding instruction to the meter.

[0108] Continuing with the above description, if the discharge authentication result is passed, the battery management system closes the discharge switch (i.e., the discharge MOS) to send an unlock riding instruction to the meter. The unlock riding instruction can be specifically understood as an instruction to discharge the battery and enable the electric bicycle to be ridden.

[0109] S603: When receiving the unlock riding instruction, the meter sends a discharge output instruction to the controller to allow the battery in the electric bicycle to discharge.

[0110] In this embodiment, after the instrument receives the unlock riding instruction, it sends a discharge output instruction to the controller. The controller is connected to the motor. When the controller sends and receives the discharge output instruction, it drives the motor to run to allow the battery in the electric bicycle to discharge.

[0111] For example, the Modbus protocol enables data exchange and command execution between the battery management system and the cloud box. The connecting wire harness serves as the battery management system communication line, a single-line communication link. Data such as battery code, voltage, and temperature can be exchanged using the Modbus protocol. Modbus is a serial communication protocol. Commands can be exchanged between the meter and controller 40 using the UART protocol. The connecting wire harness serves as the meter control line. The UART protocol is a universal asynchronous serial communication protocol that uses the LVTTL specification with a transmission baud rate of 9600 bit / s. The frame structure includes fields such as a header, version number, and destination address. The LVTTL specification refers to the Low Voltage Differential Transmission (LVDTTL) standard, a logic level standard. The cloud box can control the meter, configure the meter through the cloud box, and configure the controller through the meter. Simultaneously, the meter acts as a host to actively query relevant information and report the relevant data to the cloud platform or management platform through the cloud box. For example, the lithium-ion battery vehicle reads the battery's unique code and compares it with the cloud platform's battery code library. If a match is found, the battery management system sends a discharge authentication command to the battery management system via the Modbus protocol. The battery management system returns a status code indicating successful mutual recognition. Through unique coding verification and hardware protocol interlocking, such as binding the discharge instruction with the status code of the battery management system, illegal battery replacement or modification is prevented.

[0112] It should be noted that the electric bicycle mutual recognition system provided in this embodiment is compliant: it fully meets the mandatory requirements of the Beidou standard for positioning, communication, and mutual recognition functions. It also has tamper-proof capabilities, effectively preventing illegal battery replacement or modification through unique code verification and hardware protocol interlocking. Furthermore, its high reliability, IP67 waterproof design, standardized protocols, and redundant communication mechanisms ensure stable operation in complex environments.

[0113] For example, in order to more clearly illustrate how to implement the electric bicycle vehicle mutual recognition method for a battery discharge scenario, a certain application scenario is used as an example for explanation. Figure 4 This is an example flow chart of a battery charging and discharging scenario in the execution of an electric bicycle mutual recognition method provided in the second embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 4As shown, for the discharge scenario: S1, the electric bicycle is powered on; S2, the cloud box sends a coding inquiry message to the battery management system; S3, determines whether the battery management system replies with the battery code; S4, if it is a valid code, the battery code is authenticated and verified for legitimacy; S5, determines whether the discharge authentication is passed; S6, if the discharge authentication is passed, the discharge switch of the battery management system is closed; S7, the instrument is unlocked for riding; S8, the controller allows discharge output; S9, if it is an invalid code or the reply times out, the instrument displays an error alarm E01; S10, if the discharge authentication fails, the instrument displays an error alarm E02; S11, triggers the current limiting instruction; S12, the cloud box uploads the alarm to the cloud platform in real time; S13, the cloud platform locks the electric bicycle; S14, manually accesses the maintenance; S15, for the discharge scenario, collects the charge state / voltage; S16, collects Beidou positioning data; S17, the cloud box uploads the collected data to the cloud platform; S18, the cloud platform updates the vehicle status.

[0114] For the charging scenario: S19, the charger is connected to the electric bicycle; S20, the charger initiates a charging inquiry message to the battery management system; S21, determines whether the battery management parameters replied by the battery management system are valid; S22, if invalid, the charging authentication fails, the charger displays a green light, stops charging, and executes steps S12-S14 in sequence; S23, if valid, the charging authentication passes; S24, closes the charging switch of the battery management system; S25, charges normally; S26, monitors whether the battery temperature / voltage is abnormal; S27, if abnormal, the battery management system sends an alarm and executes steps S12-S14 in sequence. If normal, maintain charging and execute step S25; S28, mark the charging status under the charging scenario, and execute steps S17-S18 in sequence.

[0115] The above technical solution provides a method for mutual recognition of electric bicycles. It uses a cloud box integrated with a Beidou positioning chip and a 4G / 5G communication module. By comparing the battery code stored in the battery management system with the battery code stored on the cloud platform, and through unique code verification and hardware protocol interlocking, it effectively prevents illegal replacement or modification of the battery and realizes anti-tampering function.

[0116] It should be understood that the various forms of the processes shown above can be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be performed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved. This is not limited herein.

[0117] The above specific embodiments do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions may be made based on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric bicycle mutual recognition system, characterized in that: include: Battery management system, cloud box integrated with Beidou positioning chip and 4G / 5G communication module, instrument and controller; The cloud box is used to determine a discharge authentication result of the electric bicycle according to a first battery code of the battery in the electric bicycle sent by the battery management system and a second battery code of the battery in the electric bicycle sent by the cloud platform after the electric bicycle is powered on; The battery management system is configured to close the discharge switch if the discharge authentication result is that the discharge authentication is passed, so as to send an unlock riding instruction to the instrument; The meter is used to send a discharge output instruction to the controller when receiving the unlock riding instruction, so as to allow the battery in the electric bicycle to discharge.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The cloud box is specifically used for: After the electric bicycle is powered on, a battery code inquiry message is sent to the battery management system; receiving a first battery code of the battery in the electric bicycle sent by the battery management system and a second battery code of the battery in the electric bicycle sent by the cloud platform; If the first battery code is valid, comparing the first battery code with the second battery code; If the first battery code is the same as the second battery code, the discharge authentication of the electric bicycle passes; If the first battery code is different from the second battery code, the discharge authentication of the electric bicycle fails.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The battery management system is further used for: When the battery code inquiry message sent by the cloud box is received, the first battery code of the battery in the electric bicycle is sent to the cloud box.

4. The system according to claim 2, wherein: The cloud box is also used for: If the first battery code of the battery in the electric bicycle sent by the battery management system is not received within the set time threshold or the first battery code is invalid, the discharge authentication of the electric bicycle fails.

5. The system according to claim 1, wherein: Also includes a charger; The charger is configured to send charging inquiry information to the battery management system after being connected to the electric bicycle, and determine a charging authentication result for the electric bicycle based on the battery-related parameters sent by the battery management system; The battery management system is configured to close the charging switch if the charging authentication result is that the charging authentication is passed, so as to allow the electric bicycle to charge.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that The charger is specifically used for: After connecting to the electric bicycle, sending charging inquiry information to the battery management system; receiving battery-related parameters associated with the charging inquiry information sent by the battery management system; If the battery-related parameters are valid, the charging authentication of the electric bicycle passes; if the battery-related parameters are invalid, the charging authentication of the electric bicycle fails.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The battery management system is further used for: When a charging inquiry message sent by the charger is received, the battery-related parameters associated with the charging inquiry message are sent to the charger.

8. The system according to claim 5, wherein: The meter is configured to display a discharge warning message when the discharge authentication result is a discharge authentication failure, report the message to the cloud platform via the cloud box, and send a current limiting instruction to the controller to prevent the battery in the electric bicycle from discharging; The charger is configured to display a charging alarm message and report the message to the cloud platform via the cloud box when the charging authentication result is that the charging authentication fails, and generate a current limiting instruction to prevent the battery in the electric vehicle from being charged.

9. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that The battery management system is further configured to collect discharge status information of the battery in the electric bicycle when the electric bicycle is discharging, and collect charge status information of the battery in the electric bicycle when the electric bicycle is charging, and upload the discharge status information or the charge status information to the cloud platform via the cloud box; The cloud box is also used to upload the positioning information of the electric bicycle to the cloud platform.

10. The system according to claim 5, wherein: The battery management system is further used for: During the charging process of the battery in the electric bicycle, monitoring the temperature and voltage of the battery in the electric bicycle; If the temperature does not exceed the set temperature threshold and the voltage does not exceed the set voltage threshold, continue charging the battery in the electric bicycle; If the temperature exceeds a set temperature threshold or the voltage exceeds a set voltage threshold, the battery in the electric bicycle will not be charged, and a charging abnormality alarm will be generated, and the charging abnormality alarm will be sent to the cloud platform through the cloud box.

11. A method for mutual recognition of electric bicycles, characterized in that: The method is performed by the electric bicycle whole vehicle mutual recognition system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, the electric bicycle whole vehicle mutual recognition system comprising a battery management system, a cloud box integrated with a Beidou positioning chip and a 4G / 5G communication module, an instrument, and a controller, and the method comprises: After the electric bicycle is powered on, the cloud box determines a discharge authentication result of the electric bicycle according to a first battery code of the battery in the electric bicycle sent by the battery management system and a second battery code of the battery in the electric bicycle sent by the cloud platform; If the discharge authentication result is that the discharge authentication is passed, the battery management system closes the discharge switch to send an unlock riding instruction to the instrument; When the unlock riding instruction is received, the meter sends a discharge output instruction to the controller to allow the battery in the electric bicycle to discharge.

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