Environment-friendly comprehensive utilization method of agricultural wastes

Abstract

The invention provides an environment-friendly comprehensive utilization method of agricultural wastes, and belongs to the field of agricultural waste utilization methods, the environment-friendly comprehensive utilization method of the agricultural wastes comprises the following steps: collecting and pretreating raw materials, and collecting various agricultural wastes: in a composting process, closely paying attention to temperature change, and in the step, adding a ventilation structure, the ventilation structure is directly inserted into the compost body, natural air is blown in for cooling when the temperature of the compost body is too high, when the temperature is too low, the heated temperature is blown in, the interior of the compost can be normally decayed by keeping a certain temperature, and the central temperature of the compost body is gradually increased to 50-60 DEG C and is stably kept for a certain time within the temperature range. The high-temperature stage is extremely critical, germs and worm eggs contained in compost raw materials can be effectively killed, the rotting degree and speed of compost are guaranteed, frequent overturning operation caused by high temperature in a compost body is reduced, and the composting efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of agricultural waste utilization methods, and specifically, to an environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization method of agricultural waste. Background Art

[0002] Composting refers to the biochemical process of using microorganisms that are widely present in nature to promote the controlled conversion of degradable organic matter in solid waste into stable humus.

[0003] Nowadays, in many cases, composting is carried out in a natural environment, which makes it inconvenient to control the temperature inside the compost pile. When the temperature inside the pile is too high, it is usually cooled by turning and ventilating. When the temperature inside the pile is too low, the decomposition speed inside the pile is slow. Insulation film is usually used to cover the pile for insulation, but the heating effect is not good, which will cause inconvenience to the decomposition of the compost and reduce the efficiency of compost decomposition. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present application proposes an environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization method for agricultural waste, which can use a temperature control system to blow in natural air to cool down the compost when the temperature is too high, and blow in heated air when the temperature is too low. Maintaining a certain temperature allows the compost to decompose normally, ensuring the degree and speed of compost decomposition, reducing the frequent turning and hiding operations caused by the high temperature inside the compost, and greatly improving the efficiency of composting.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present application, an environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization method of agricultural waste includes the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Raw material collection and pretreatment: collect various agricultural wastes: straw, corn cobs, livestock and poultry manure, fallen leaves, fruit and vegetable waste, etc., and then crush them;

[0007] Step 2: Adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio. High-carbon raw materials need to be matched with high-nitrogen raw materials, or urea, water or biogas slurry should be added. The humidity should be adjusted so that the raw materials can be kneaded into a ball and will not fall apart or drip. Then, the mixed raw materials should be stacked into a bunker and kept warm and moist.

[0008] Step 3: Turn the pile for the first time after a period of time, and then turn it over at regular intervals. After multiple turnings, ensure oxygen supply, heat dissipation and uniform mixing;

[0009] Step 4: Temperature monitoring. During the composting process, it is necessary to pay close attention to temperature changes. In this step, ventilation structures are added and inserted directly into the compost. If the temperature of the compost is too high, natural air is blown in to cool it down. If the temperature is too low, heated air is blown in. Maintaining a certain temperature allows the compost to decompose normally. The temperature at the center of the compost should gradually rise to the range of 50-60°C and remain stable in this temperature range for a certain period of time. This high temperature stage is extremely critical and can effectively kill the bacteria and insect eggs contained in the compost raw materials. After completing this stage, the temperature of the compost will naturally drop, which means that the compost has entered the next stage.

[0010] Step 5: Humidity adjustment: If the pile is too dry, dust will be generated. Spray a small amount of water on it. If the pile is too wet, it will stink. Turn the pile for ventilation or add straw to adjust the humidity.

[0011] Step 6: Composting and post-processing: the raw material volume is reduced, the color is dark brown, there is no odor, the straw is fragile, the temperature is reduced to room temperature, and the uncomposted large pieces of residue are removed by sieving. The residue can be returned to the pile for further fermentation, and the finished product can be directly returned to the field or stored.

[0012] In addition, the environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization method of agricultural waste according to the embodiment of the present application also has the following additional technical features:

[0013] According to the present application, the entire composting process requires sufficient oxygen, a temperature of 50-60° C., a carbon-nitrogen ratio of C / N of 25-30:1, and a humidity of 50%-60%.

[0014] According to the present application, the high-carbon raw materials in step 2 are straw, rice husks and similar agricultural wastes, and the high-nitrogen raw materials are feces, bean cake and similar raw materials.

[0015] Currently, many composting operations use the method of piling raw materials into cone shapes. Due to the limited volume of a single pile, many small piles need to be piled up, which undoubtedly greatly increases the site area requirements. In addition, the level of mechanical automation in the turning process is low, making it difficult to fully cover the turning process. Incomplete turning often occurs, seriously affecting the composting efficiency and quality.

[0016] According to the present application, an environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization method of agricultural waste is characterized by further comprising an environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization device for agricultural waste, comprising:

[0017] The bottom plate and the compost assembly, the compost assembly includes a compost bucket, a pull-out cover, a pull-out blocking plate, a discharge box, a linear slide, a sliding plate, a rotating frame and a feeding screw, the compost bucket is provided with multiple, the compost bucket is fixedly connected to the upper part of the bottom plate, the pull-out cover is arranged on the upper side of the compost bucket, the pull-out blocking plate is arranged on the lower side of the compost bucket, the discharge box is fixedly connected to the bottom of the compost bucket, the sliding end of the linear slide is slidably connected to one side of the bottom plate, the sliding end of the sliding plate is slidably connected to the sliding end of the linear slide, the sliding end of the sliding plate is slidably connected to the upper part of the bottom plate, the rotating end of the rotating frame is rotatably connected to the upper part of the sliding end of the sliding plate, the feeding screw is fixedly connected to the upper part of the rotating end of the rotating frame, the feeding end of the feeding screw is located below the discharge box arranged at the bottom of one of the compost buckets, and the output end of the feeding screw is located above another adjacent compost bucket.

[0018] The mixed raw materials are transported and placed inside the compost bin for decomposition. The walls of the compost bin will surround the raw materials into a higher pile, which greatly saves floor space. At the same time, when it is necessary to turn the compost bin, the blocking plate is pulled open to allow the raw materials inside the compost bin to fall into the discharge box. The discharge box guides the raw materials into the feeding end of the feeding screw, and the feeding screw transports the raw materials to another adjacent compost bin. Due to the setting of multiple compost bins, one compost bin must always be kept empty. After the raw materials in the compost bin adjacent to the empty compost bin are guided into the empty compost bin, the rotating end of the rotating frame rotates, and then the sliding plate The sliding end moves to the upper part of the sliding end of the linear slide rail, and the sliding end of the linear slide rail moves to transport the sliding plate, the rotating frame and the feeding screw between the other two compost barrels, and the raw materials inside the other compost barrel are transported to the empty compost barrel. And so on, the compost barrels are turned over one by one. The raw materials inside one compost barrel are transported and turned over to the inside of another empty compost barrel, so the turning is more thorough. At the same time, during the whole turning process, the linear slide rail is used to drive the movement of the sliding plate and the rotating frame, and the feeding screw can rotate automatically, and the turning and feeding are automatically performed, which improves the mechanical automation level of the turning, reduces the situation of incomplete turning, and improves the composting efficiency and quality.

[0019] According to the present application, the pull-out cover includes a first telescopic part and a cover plate, the cover plate is slidingly connected to the upper part of the compost bucket, one side of the first telescopic part is fixedly connected to the compost bucket, and the output end of the first telescopic part is fixedly connected to one side of the cover plate.

[0020] According to the present application, the discharge box includes an outer box, a first motor and a rotating partition. The rotating partition is rotatably connected to the inside of the outer box. The outer box is fixedly connected to the bottom of the compost bucket. The first motor is fixedly connected to the compost bucket. The output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to the rotating partition.

[0021] According to the present application, the linear slide rail includes a second motor, a second lead screw and a slide, the second motor is fixedly connected to the base plate, the output end of the second motor is fixedly connected to one end of the second lead screw, the second lead screw is rotatably connected to the base plate, the second lead screw is threadedly connected to the slide, the slide is slidably connected to the base plate, and the sliding end of the sliding plate is slidably connected to the slide.

[0022] According to the present application, the sliding plate includes a plate body and a second telescopic member, one side of the second telescopic member is fixedly connected to the slide, the output end of the second telescopic member is fixedly connected to one side of the plate body, the plate body is slidably connected to the slide, the plate body is slidably connected to the bottom plate, and the rotating end of the rotating frame is rotatably connected to the plate body.

[0023] According to the present application, the rotating frame includes a third motor and a frame body, the third motor is fixedly connected to the frame body, the output end of the third motor is fixedly connected to the plate body, and the bottom of the frame body is rotatably connected to the plate body.

[0024] According to the present application, the feeding screw includes an outer barrel, a first screw rod, a universal joint, a second screw rod and a fourth motor. The outer barrel is fixedly connected to the frame, one end of the first screw rod is rotatably connected to the outer barrel, the other end of the first screw rod is fixedly connected to one side of the universal joint, the other side of the universal joint is fixedly connected to one end of the second screw rod, the other end of the second screw rod is rotatably connected to one side of the outer barrel, the fourth motor is fixedly connected to one side of the upper part of the outer barrel, and the output end of the fourth motor is fixedly connected to one end of the first screw rod.

[0025] During the composting process, the temperature and humidity inside the pile must be closely monitored. It is crucial to adjust the temperature, humidity, and humidity of the pile in a timely manner based on the actual monitoring results. Failure to perform these adjustments in a timely manner can significantly affect the quality and efficiency of the composting process, significantly reducing the composting effect.

[0026] According to the present application, it also includes a temperature and humidity control component, which includes a bidirectional slide rail, a tube barrel, a cannula, a hose, a hot air component and a water pump, the bidirectional slide rail is arranged on the outside of the compost barrel, one sliding end of the bidirectional slide rail is fixedly connected to one side of the pull-out blocking plate, the other sliding end of the bidirectional slide rail is fixedly connected to the cannula, the tube barrel is fixedly connected to the compost barrel, the cannula is slidably inserted into the tube barrel, one side of the cannula is spaced apart with through holes, one end of the hose is connected to the cannula, the other end of the hose is connected to the output end of the hot air component, the hot air component is fixedly connected to one side of the compost barrel, the water pump is fixedly connected to the bottom plate, and the output end of the water pump is connected to the hose;

[0027] When the inside of the compost bin is empty, the sliding end of the two-way slide rail drives the movement of the pull-out blocking plate, and at the same time, the sliding end of the two-way slide rail also drives the movement of the insert tube, which is inserted into the inside of the compost bin and the raw materials are transported into the compost bin. When the raw materials are decomposed inside the compost bin, the temperature and humidity inside the compost bin are monitored. When the temperature is lower than the predetermined value, the heating end of the hot air component is turned on to add air, and at the same time, the hot air is transported into the insert tube, and then transported to the inside of the compost bin through the insert tube for temperature increase treatment. When the temperature is higher than the predetermined value, the heating end of the hot air component is turned off to allow natural air to be transported. It is sent to the inside of the compost barrel for cooling treatment. At the same time, when the humidity is lower than the preset value, the water pump transports water from the outside to the inside of the intubation, and the intubation sprays water into the inside of the raw materials to increase the humidity inside the raw materials. When the humidity is higher than the preset value, the heating end of the hot air component heats up. At this time, the heating temperature is low, and only the air is dried. The air is transported to the inside of the intubation and the raw materials are ventilated and dried. During the entire use process, the internal heating, cooling, humidification and humidity reduction treatments of the raw materials are implemented to make the temperature and humidity of the raw materials reach the preset values, ensuring the quality and efficiency of the decomposition.

[0028] According to the present application, the bidirectional slide rail includes a fifth motor, a first bidirectional threaded rod, a first movable frame, a second bidirectional threaded rod and a second movable frame. The fifth motor is fixedly connected to the compost bucket, the first bidirectional threaded rod and the second bidirectional threaded rod are both rotatably connected to the compost bucket, the first movable frame is threadedly connected to the first bidirectional threaded rod, the second bidirectional threaded rod is threadedly connected to the second movable frame, the first movable frame is fixedly connected to the cannula, the second movable frame is fixedly connected to one side of the pull-out blocking plate, the output end of the fifth motor is transmission connected to the first bidirectional threaded rod, and the first bidirectional threaded rod is transmission connected to the second bidirectional threaded rod.

[0029] According to the present application, a one-way valve is provided on the side of the hose close to the hot air output end.

[0030] According to the present application, the hot air component includes a fan and a heating box, an electric heating tube is provided inside the heating box, and a temperature controller is provided outside the heating box. The fan and the heating box are both fixedly connected to the compost bucket, the fan input end is connected to one side of the heating box, and the fan output end is connected to the hose.

[0031] During the decomposition process, the raw materials will crust into lumps and adhere to the barrel wall, causing inconvenience in unloading the materials and cleaning the barrel wall, thus bringing inconvenience to composting.

[0032] According to the present application, it also includes a blanking assembly, which includes a lifting slide rail, a rotating ring frame, a third telescopic member, a sliding block, an elastic member and a rotating spiral. The sliding end of the lifting slide rail is slidably connected to one side of the compost bucket, the rotating end of the rotating ring frame is rotatably connected to the lifting end of the lifting slide rail, one side of the third telescopic member is fixedly connected to the lifting end of the lifting slide rail, the sliding block is slidably connected to the rotating end of the rotating ring frame, the output end of the third telescopic member pushes the sliding block to move, the elastic member is arranged inside the sliding block, the bottom of the elastic member is inserted into the rotating end of the rotating ring frame, and the rotating end of the rotating spiral is rotatably connected to the sliding block;

[0033] When it is necessary to turn over or discharge the material, the pull-out cover is opened first, and the lifting end of the lifting slide rail descends, driving the rotating ring frame to descend. The rotating spiral starts to rotate at this time, and a hole is made in the center of the raw material inside the compost bucket. At this time, the raw material will fall along the hole to the discharge box and be discharged through the discharge box. Then the output end of the third telescopic part pushes the movement of the sliding block, and the sliding block gradually moves away from the center of the rotating ring frame, gradually guiding the raw materials inside the compost bucket downward. After the raw materials inside the entire compost bucket are guided downward, the rotating spiral can clean and remove the raw materials adhering to the inner wall of the compost bucket and drop them into the discharge box to clean the inside of the compost bucket. During the entire use process, automatic unloading is realized, the degree of mechanical automation is improved, and it is convenient to clean the barrel wall, which brings convenience to composting.

[0034] According to the present application, the lifting slide rail includes a sixth motor, a sixth screw and a lifting frame. The sixth motor is fixedly connected to the upper part of one side of the compost bucket. The sixth screws are symmetrically arranged. The two sixth screws are transmission-connected. The output end of the sixth motor is fixedly connected to one end of the sixth screw, and the sixth screw is threadedly connected to the lifting frame.

[0035] According to this application, the rotating ring frame includes a seventh motor and a circular frame body. The seventh motor is fixedly connected to the lifting frame, the circular frame body is rotatably connected to the lifting frame, the output end of the seventh motor is transmission-connected to the circular frame body, and the sliding block is slidably connected to the circular frame body.

[0036] According to the present application, the elastic member includes a spring and a limiting ball, one end of the spring abuts against the inside of the sliding block, and the other end of the spring abuts against one side of the limiting ball, and the limiting ball passes through the sliding block and abuts against the inside of the circular frame.

[0037] According to this application, the rotating screw includes an eighth motor and a third screw rod, the upper part of the third screw rod is rotationally connected to the sliding block, the eighth motor is fixedly connected to the sliding block, and the output end of the eighth motor is fixedly connected to the upper part of the third screw rod.

[0038] According to an environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization method of agricultural waste according to an embodiment of the present application, the beneficial effects are: in the composting process, the raw materials are first crushed, and the various raw materials are mixed, and a certain humidity is ensured, and the mixed raw materials are stacked. During the decomposition process, if the temperature of the pile is too high, natural air is blown in to cool it down. When the temperature is too low, heated air is blown in. Maintaining a certain temperature can allow the compost to decompose normally, ensure the decomposition degree and speed of the compost, reduce the frequent turning and dodging operations caused by the high temperature inside the pile, and greatly improve the efficiency of composting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the implementation methods of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the implementation methods. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization method of agricultural waste provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a first perspective of an environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization method of agricultural waste provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of a compost bucket provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a partially disassembled structure of a discharge box provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the linear slide rail, sliding plate, and rotating frame provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a feed screw provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of a temperature and humidity control component provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a bidirectional slide rail provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of a blanking assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of a lifting frame provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the elastic member provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0051] In the figure: 100-bottom plate; 200-compost assembly; 210-compost bucket; 220-pull-out lid; 221-first telescopic member; 222-cover plate; 230-pull-out blocking plate; 240-discharging box; 241-outer box; 242-first motor; 243-rotating partition; 250-linear slide; 251-second motor; 252-second lead screw; 253-slide; 260-sliding plate; 261-plate body; 262-second telescopic member; 270-rotating frame; 271-third motor; 272-frame body; 280-feeding screw; 281-outer barrel; 282-first screw rod; 283-universal joint; 284-second screw rod; 285-fourth motor; 300-temperature and humidity control assembly; 310-bidirectional slide; 311-fifth motor; 312-first bidirectional threaded rod; 313-first movable frame; 314-second bidirectional threaded rod; 315-second movable frame; 320-tube barrel; 330-cannula; 340-hose; 341-one-way valve; 350-hot air component; 351-blower; 352-heating box; 360-water pump; 400-unloading assembly; 410-lifting slide rail; 411-sixth motor; 412-sixth lead screw; 413-lifting frame; 420-rotating ring frame; 421-seventh motor; 422-circular frame; 430-third telescopic component; 440-sliding block; 450-elastic component; 451-spring; 452-limiting ball; 460-rotating screw; 461-eighth motor; 462-third screw rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0053] The following describes an environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization method of agricultural waste according to an embodiment of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] like Figures 1-11 As shown, an environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization method of agricultural waste according to an embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:

[0055] Step 1: Raw material collection and pretreatment: collect various agricultural wastes: straw, corn cobs, livestock and poultry manure, fallen leaves, fruit and vegetable waste, etc., and then crush them;

[0056] Step 2: Adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio. High-carbon raw materials need to be matched with high-nitrogen raw materials, or urea, water or biogas slurry should be added. The humidity should be adjusted so that the raw materials can be kneaded into a ball and will not fall apart or drip. Then, the mixed raw materials should be stacked into a bunker and kept warm and moist.

[0057] Step 3: Turn the pile for the first time after a period of time, and then turn it over at regular intervals. After multiple turnings, ensure oxygen supply, heat dissipation and uniform mixing;

[0058] Step 4: Temperature monitoring. During the composting process, it is necessary to pay close attention to temperature changes. In this step, ventilation structures are added and inserted directly into the compost. If the temperature of the compost is too high, natural air is blown in to cool it down. If the temperature is too low, heated air is blown in. Maintaining a certain temperature allows the compost to decompose normally. The temperature at the center of the compost should gradually rise to the range of 50-60°C and remain stable in this temperature range for a certain period of time. This high temperature stage is extremely critical and can effectively kill the bacteria and insect eggs contained in the compost raw materials. After completing this stage, the temperature of the compost will naturally drop, which means that the compost has entered the next stage.

[0059] Step 5: Humidity adjustment: If the pile is too dry, dust will be generated. Spray a small amount of water on it. If the pile is too wet, it will stink. Turn the pile for ventilation or add straw to adjust the humidity.

[0060] Step 6: Composting and post-processing: the raw material volume is reduced, the color is dark brown, there is no odor, the straw is fragile, the temperature is reduced to room temperature, and the uncomposted large pieces of residue are removed by sieving. The residue can be returned to the pile for further fermentation, and the finished product can be directly returned to the field or stored.

[0061] In addition, the environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization method of agricultural waste according to the embodiment of the present application also has the following additional technical features:

[0062] According to the present application, the entire composting process requires sufficient oxygen, a temperature of 50-60° C., a carbon-nitrogen ratio of C / N of 25-30:1, and a humidity of 50%-60%.

[0063] According to the present application, the high-carbon raw materials in step 2 are straw, rice husks and similar agricultural wastes, and the high-nitrogen raw materials are feces, bean cake and similar raw materials.

[0064] Currently, many composting operations use the method of piling raw materials into cone shapes. Due to the limited volume of a single pile, many small piles need to be piled up, which undoubtedly greatly increases the site area requirements. In addition, the level of mechanical automation in the turning process is low, making it difficult to fully cover the turning process. Incomplete turning often occurs, seriously affecting the composting efficiency and quality.

[0065] According to this application, if Figure 2-Figure 6 As shown, an environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization method of agricultural waste is characterized by further comprising an environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization device for agricultural waste, comprising:

[0066] The bottom plate 100 and the compost assembly 200, the compost assembly 200 includes a compost bucket 210, a pull-out cover 220, a pull-out plug 230, a discharge box 240, a linear slide 250, a sliding plate 260, a rotating frame 270 and a feeding screw 280. The compost bucket 210 is provided with multiple, the compost bucket 210 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the bottom plate 100, the pull-out cover 220 is provided on the upper side of the compost bucket 210, the pull-out plug 230 is provided on the lower side of the compost bucket 210, the discharge box 240 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the compost bucket 210, the linear slide 250, the sliding plate 260, the rotating frame 270 and the feeding screw 280. The sliding end 50 is slidably connected to one side of the base plate 100, the sliding end of the sliding plate 260 is slidably connected to the sliding end of the linear slide rail 250, the sliding end of the sliding plate 260 is slidably connected to the upper part of the base plate 100, the rotating end of the rotating frame 270 is rotatably connected to the upper part of the sliding end of the sliding plate 260, the feeding screw 280 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the rotating end of the rotating frame 270, the feeding end of the feeding screw 280 is located below the discharge box 240 set at the bottom of a compost bucket 210, and the output end of the feeding screw 280 is located above another adjacent compost bucket 210.

[0067] The mixed raw materials are transported to the compost barrel 210 in the composting assembly 200, where the decomposition process is carried out. The barrel wall of the compost barrel 210 surrounds the raw materials into a higher pile, effectively saving floor space. When the composting operation is required, the pull-out blocking plate 230 is opened, and the raw materials in the compost barrel 210 will fall into the discharge box 240. The discharge box 240 then guides the raw materials to the feeding end of the feeding screw 280, and the feeding screw 280 then transports the raw materials to another adjacent compost barrel 210. Due to the layout of multiple compost barrels 210, one compost barrel 210 will always be kept empty. After the raw materials in the adjacent barrels of the empty compost barrel 210 are guided out and transported to the empty barrel, the rotating end of the rotating frame 270 starts to rotate, and the sliding plate 260 The sliding end moves above the sliding end of the linear slide 250, and the sliding end of the linear slide 250 drives the sliding plate 260, the rotating frame 270 and the feeding screw 280 to move between the other two compost buckets 210, and the raw materials in one of the buckets are transported to the empty bucket. Similarly, each compost bucket 210 is turned in turn. This method of transporting the raw materials in one compost bucket 210 to another empty bucket makes the turning more thorough. In the entire turning process, the linear slide 250 drives the sliding plate 260 and the rotating frame 270 to move, and the feeding screw 280 can rotate automatically, realizing automatic turning and feeding, greatly improving the degree of mechanical automation of turning, reducing the problem of incomplete turning, and thus improving the efficiency and quality of composting.

[0068] According to this application, if Figure 3 As shown, the pull-out cover 220 includes a first telescopic member 221 and a cover plate 222 . The cover plate 222 is slidably connected to the upper portion of the compost bucket 210 . One side of the first telescopic member 221 is fixedly connected to the compost bucket 210 . The output end of the first telescopic member 221 is fixedly connected to one side of the cover plate 222 .

[0069] According to this application, if Figure 4 As shown, the discharge box 240 includes an outer box 241, a first motor 242 and a rotating partition 243. The rotating partition 243 is rotatably connected to the inside of the outer box 241. The outer box 241 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the compost bucket 210. The first motor 242 is fixedly connected to the compost bucket 210. The output end of the first motor 242 is fixedly connected to the rotating partition 243.

[0070] According to this application, if Figure 5 As shown, the linear slide 250 includes a second motor 251, a second lead screw 252 and a slide 253. The second motor 251 is fixedly connected to the base plate 100, the output end of the second motor 251 is fixedly connected to one end of the second lead screw 252, the second lead screw 252 is rotatably connected to the base plate 100, the second lead screw 252 is threadedly connected to the slide 253, the slide 253 is slidably connected to the base plate 100, and the sliding end of the sliding plate 260 is slidably connected to the slide 253.

[0071] According to this application, if Figure 5 As shown, the sliding plate 260 includes a plate body 261 and a second telescopic member 262, one side of the second telescopic member 262 is fixedly connected to the slide 253, the output end of the second telescopic member 262 is fixedly connected to one side of the plate body 261, the plate body 261 is slidingly connected to the slide 253, the plate body 261 is slidingly connected to the base plate 100, and the rotating end of the rotating frame 270 is rotatably connected to the plate body 261.

[0072] According to this application, if Figure 5 As shown, the rotating frame 270 includes a third motor 271 and a frame body 272 . The third motor 271 is fixedly connected to the frame body 272 . The output end of the third motor 271 is fixedly connected to the plate body 261 . The bottom of the frame body 272 is rotatably connected to the plate body 261 .

[0073] According to this application, if Figure 6 As shown, the feeding screw 280 includes an outer barrel 281, a first screw rod 282, a universal joint 283, a second screw rod 284 and a fourth motor 285. The outer barrel 281 is fixedly connected to the frame 272, one end of the first screw rod 282 is rotatably connected to the outer barrel 281, the other end of the first screw rod 282 is fixedly connected to one side of the universal joint 283, the other side of the universal joint 283 is fixedly connected to one end of the second screw rod 284, the other end of the second screw rod 284 is rotatably connected to one side of the outer barrel 281, the fourth motor 285 is fixedly connected to one side of the upper part of the outer barrel 281, and the output end of the fourth motor 285 is fixedly connected to one end of the first screw rod 282.

[0074] During the composting process, the temperature and humidity inside the pile must be closely monitored. It is crucial to adjust the temperature, humidity, and humidity of the pile in a timely manner based on the actual monitoring results. Failure to perform these adjustments in a timely manner can significantly affect the quality and efficiency of the composting process, significantly reducing the composting effect.

[0075] According to this application, if Figure 7-Figure 8 As shown, it also includes a temperature and humidity control component 300, which includes a bidirectional slide rail 310, a tube barrel 320, a cannula 330, a hose 340, a hot air component 350 and a water pump 360. The bidirectional slide rail 310 is arranged on the outside of the compost bucket 210, one sliding end of the bidirectional slide rail 310 is fixedly connected to one side of the pull-out blocking plate 230, and the other sliding end of the bidirectional slide rail 310 is fixedly connected to the cannula 330. The tube barrel 320 is fixedly connected to the compost bucket 210, and the cannula 330 is slidably inserted into the tube barrel 320. One side of the cannula 330 is spaced apart with through holes. One end of the hose 340 is connected to the cannula 330, and the other end of the hose 340 is connected to the output end of the hot air component 350. The hot air component 350 is fixedly connected to one side of the compost bucket 210. The water pump 360 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 100, and the output end of the water pump 360 is connected to the hose 340.

[0076] When the compost bucket 210 is in an empty state, the fifth motor 311 drives the first bidirectional threaded rod 312 to drive the first movable frame 313, and at the same time drives the second bidirectional threaded rod 314 to drive the second movable frame 315 to synchronously drive the pull-out blocking plate 230 and the insert tube 330 to move, and accurately insert the insert tube 330 into the compost bucket 210. Subsequently, the raw materials are transported into the bucket. During the decomposition process of the raw materials in the compost bucket 210, the system will monitor the temperature and humidity in the bucket in real time. Once the temperature is lower than the preset value, the heating end of the hot air component 350 will start immediately to heat the air and send the hot air into the compost bucket 210 through the insert tube 330 to complete the heating operation. If the temperature is higher than the preset value, the heating end of the hot air component 350 will be turned off, and the temperature will be increased. In order to transport natural air into the compost barrel 210 to achieve the purpose of cooling, at the same time, when the humidity is lower than the preset value, the water pump 360 will draw water from the outside and inject water into the intubation 330, which will spray the water evenly onto the raw materials to increase the humidity of the raw materials. When the humidity is higher than the preset value, the heating end of the hot air component 350 is started, but the heating temperature is relatively low at this time and is only used to dry the air. The dry air is then transported to the compost barrel 210 through the intubation 330 to ventilate and dry the raw materials. During the entire composting operation, the temperature and humidity required for the decomposition of the raw materials are always maintained at the predetermined values by accurately controlling the heating, cooling, humidification and dehumidification of the raw materials, thereby effectively ensuring the quality and efficiency of the decomposition process.

[0077] According to this application, if Figure 8 As shown, the bidirectional slide rail 310 includes a fifth motor 311, a first bidirectional threaded rod 312, a first movable frame 313, a second bidirectional threaded rod 314 and a second movable frame 315. The fifth motor 311 is fixedly connected to the compost bucket 210, the first bidirectional threaded rod 312 and the second bidirectional threaded rod 314 are both rotatably connected to the compost bucket 210, the first movable frame 313 is threadedly connected to the first bidirectional threaded rod 312, the second bidirectional threaded rod 314 is threadedly connected to the second movable frame 315, the first movable frame 313 is fixedly connected to the cannula 330, and the second movable frame 315 is fixedly connected to one side of the pull-out blocking plate 230. The output end of the fifth motor 311 is transmission-connected to the first bidirectional threaded rod 312, and the first bidirectional threaded rod 312 is transmission-connected to the second bidirectional threaded rod 314.

[0078] According to this application, if Figure 7 As shown, a one-way valve 341 is provided on one side of the hose 340 close to the output end of the hot air component 350 .

[0079] According to this application, if Figure 7As shown, the hot air component 350 includes a fan 351 and a heating box 352. An electric heating tube is provided inside the heating box 352, and a temperature controller is provided outside the heating box 352. The fan 351 and the heating box 352 are both fixedly connected to the compost bucket 210. The input end of the fan 351 is connected to one side of the heating box 352, and the output end of the fan 351 is connected to the hose 340.

[0080] During the decomposition process, the raw materials will crust into lumps and adhere to the barrel wall, causing inconvenience in unloading the materials and cleaning the barrel wall, thus bringing inconvenience to composting.

[0081] According to this application, if Figures 9-11 As shown, it also includes a blanking assembly 400, which includes a lifting slide rail 410, a rotating frame 420, a third telescopic member 430, a sliding block 440, an elastic member 450 and a rotating screw 460. The sliding end of the lifting slide rail 410 is slidably connected to one side of the compost bucket 210, the rotating end of the rotating frame 420 is rotatably connected to the lifting end of the lifting slide rail 410, one side of the third telescopic member 430 is fixedly connected to the lifting end of the lifting slide rail 410, the sliding block 440 is slidably connected to the rotating end of the rotating frame 420, the output end of the third telescopic member 430 pushes the sliding block 440 to move, the elastic member 450 is arranged inside the sliding block 440, the bottom of the elastic member 450 is inserted into the rotating end of the rotating frame 420, and the rotating end of the rotating screw 460 is rotatably connected to the sliding block 440;

[0082] When performing the compost turning or discharging operation, the drawer cover 220 is first opened, and then the sixth motor 411 drives the sixth lead screw 412 to drive the lifting frame 413, i.e., the lifting end, to descend, and drive the rotating ring frame 420 to descend synchronously. At this time, the rotating screw 460 starts to operate, and a hole is drilled in the center of the raw materials in the compost bucket 210. The raw materials in the bucket then fall into the discharge box 240 along the hole and are discharged through the discharge box 240. Subsequently, the output end of the third telescopic member 430 exerts force to push the sliding block 440 to move, and the sliding block 440 gradually deviates from the rotating screw. The center of the circle frame 420 is rotated to gradually guide the raw materials in the compost bucket 210 downward until all the raw materials in the compost bucket 210 are guided downward. The rotating screw 460 will further clean up the residual raw materials adhering to the inner wall of the compost bucket 210 and make them fall into the discharge box 240, thereby completing the cleaning work of the interior of the compost bucket 210. During the entire operation process, the system automatically completes the unloading, greatly improving the degree of mechanical automation, and facilitating the cleaning of the bucket wall, bringing many conveniences to the composting operation, and effectively improving the composting efficiency and quality.

[0083] According to this application, if Figure 10As shown, the lifting slide rail 410 includes a sixth motor 411, a sixth lead screw 412 and a lifting frame 413. The sixth motor 411 is fixedly connected to the upper part of one side of the compost bucket 210. The sixth lead screws 412 are symmetrically arranged. The two sixth lead screws 412 are transmission-connected. The output end of the sixth motor 411 is fixedly connected to one end of a sixth lead screw 412, and the sixth lead screw 412 is threadedly connected to the lifting frame 413.

[0084] According to this application, if Figure 10 As shown, the rotating ring frame 420 includes a seventh motor 421 and a circular frame body 422. The seventh motor 421 is fixedly connected to the lifting frame 413, the circular frame body 422 is rotatably connected to the lifting frame 413, the output end of the seventh motor 421 is transmission-connected to the circular frame body 422, and the sliding block 440 is slidably connected to the circular frame body 422.

[0085] According to this application, if Figure 11 As shown, the elastic member 450 includes a spring 451 and a limiting ball 452 . One end of the spring 451 abuts against the inside of the sliding block 440 , and the other end of the spring 451 abuts against one side of the limiting ball 452 . The limiting ball 452 passes through the sliding block 440 and abuts against the inside of the circular frame 422 .

[0086] According to this application, if Figure 10 As shown, the rotating screw 460 includes an eighth motor 461 and a third screw rod 462. The upper part of the third screw rod 462 is rotationally connected to the sliding block 440. The eighth motor 461 is fixedly connected to the sliding block 440. The output end of the eighth motor 461 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the third screw rod 462.

[0087] It should be noted that the first telescopic member 221 , the second telescopic member 262 and the third telescopic member 430 are any one of an electric push rod, an electric cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder and a pneumatic cylinder.

[0088] The other structures and operations of the environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization method of agricultural waste according to the embodiment of the present application are known to ordinary technicians in this field and will not be described in detail here.

[0089] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can also be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.

[0090] The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization method of agricultural waste, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Raw material collection and pretreatment: collect various agricultural wastes: straw, corn cobs, livestock and poultry manure, fallen leaves, fruit and vegetable waste, etc., and then crush them; Step 2: Adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio. High-carbon raw materials need to be matched with high-nitrogen raw materials, or urea, water or biogas slurry should be added. The humidity should be adjusted so that the raw materials can be kneaded into a ball and will not fall apart or drip. Then, the mixed raw materials should be stacked into a bunker and kept warm and moist. Step 3: Turn the pile for the first time after a period of time, and then turn it over at regular intervals. After multiple turnings, ensure oxygen supply, heat dissipation and uniform mixing; Step 4: Temperature monitoring. During the composting process, it is necessary to pay close attention to temperature changes. In this step, ventilation structures are added and inserted directly into the compost. If the temperature of the compost is too high, natural air is blown in to cool it down. If the temperature is too low, heated air is blown in. Maintaining a certain temperature allows the compost to decompose normally. The temperature at the center of the compost should gradually rise to the range of 50-60°C and remain stable in this temperature range for a certain period of time. This high temperature stage is extremely critical and can effectively kill the bacteria and insect eggs contained in the compost raw materials. After completing this stage, the temperature of the compost will naturally drop, which means that the compost has entered the next stage. Step 5: Humidity adjustment: If the pile is too dry, dust will be generated. Spray a small amount of water on it. If the pile is too wet, it will stink. Turn the pile for ventilation or add straw to adjust the humidity. Step 6: Composting and post-processing: the raw material volume is reduced, the color is dark brown, there is no odor, the straw is fragile, the temperature is reduced to room temperature, and the uncomposted large pieces of residue are removed by sieving. The residue can be returned to the pile for further fermentation, and the finished product can be directly returned to the field or stored.

2. The environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization method of agricultural waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The entire composting process requires sufficient oxygen, a temperature of 50-60°C, a carbon-nitrogen ratio of C / N = 25-30:1, and a humidity of 50%-60%.

3. The environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization method of agricultural waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2, the high-carbon raw materials are straw, rice husk and similar agricultural wastes, and the high-nitrogen raw materials are feces, bean cake and similar raw materials.

4. An environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization method of agricultural waste, characterized in that: Also included is an environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization device for agricultural waste, comprising: Bottom plate (100); A composting assembly (200) comprising a composting bucket (210), a pull-out cover (220), a pull-out plugging plate (230), a discharge box (240), a linear slide rail (250), a sliding plate (260), a rotating frame (270) and a feeding screw (280), wherein the composting bucket (210) is provided with a plurality of components, wherein the composting bucket (210) is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the base plate (100), the pull-out cover (220) is arranged on the upper side of the composting bucket (210), the pull-out plugging plate (230) is arranged on the lower side of the composting bucket (210), the discharge box (240) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the composting bucket (210), the linear slide rail (250) is provided on the upper side of the composting bucket (210), the pull-out plugging plate (230) is provided ... 0) sliding end is slidably connected to one side of the base plate (100), the sliding end of the sliding plate (260) is slidably connected to the sliding end of the linear slide rail (250), the sliding end of the sliding plate (260) is slidably connected to the upper part of the base plate (100), the rotating end of the rotating frame (270) is rotatably connected to the upper part of the sliding end of the sliding plate (260), the feeding screw (280) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the rotating end of the rotating frame (270), the feeding end of the feeding screw (280) is located below the discharge box (240) provided at the bottom of one of the compost buckets (210), and the output end of the feeding screw (280) is located above another adjacent compost bucket (210).

5. The environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization method of agricultural waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pull-out cover (220) comprises a first telescopic member (221) and a cover plate (222); the cover plate (222) is slidably connected to the upper portion of the compost bucket (210); one side of the first telescopic member (221) is fixedly connected to the compost bucket (210); and the output end of the first telescopic member (221) is fixedly connected to one side of the cover plate (222).

6. The environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization method of agricultural waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: The discharge box (240) comprises an outer box (241), a first motor (242) and a rotating partition (243); the rotating partition (243) is rotatably connected to the interior of the outer box (241); the outer box (241) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the compost bucket (210); the first motor (242) is fixedly connected to the compost bucket (210); and the output end of the first motor (242) is fixedly connected to the rotating partition (243).

7. The environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization method of agricultural waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: The linear slide rail (250) comprises a second motor (251), a second lead screw (252) and a slide (253); the second motor (251) is fixedly connected to the base plate (100); the output end of the second motor (251) is fixedly connected to one end of the second lead screw (252); the second lead screw (252) is rotatably connected to the base plate (100); the second lead screw (252) is threadedly connected to the slide (253); the slide (253) is slidably connected to the base plate (100); and the sliding end of the sliding plate (260) is slidably connected to the slide (253).

8. The environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization method of agricultural waste according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sliding plate (260) includes a plate body (261) and a second telescopic member (262), one side of the second telescopic member (262) is fixedly connected to the slide (253), an output end of the second telescopic member (262) is fixedly connected to one side of the plate body (261), the plate body (261) is slidably connected to the slide (253), the plate body (261) is slidably connected to the bottom plate (100), and a rotating end of the rotating frame (270) is rotatably connected to the plate body (261).

9. The environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization method of agricultural waste according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rotating frame (270) comprises a third motor (271) and a frame body (272); the third motor (271) is fixedly connected to the frame body (272); an output end of the third motor (271) is fixedly connected to the plate body (261); and a bottom of the frame body (272) is rotatably connected to the plate body (261).

10. The environmentally friendly comprehensive utilization method of agricultural waste according to claim 9, characterized in that: The feeding screw (280) includes an outer barrel (281), a first screw rod (282), a universal joint (283), a second screw rod (284) and a fourth motor (285). The outer barrel (281) is fixedly connected to the frame (272). One end of the first screw rod (282) is rotatably connected to the outer barrel (281). The other end of the first screw rod (282) is fixedly connected to one side of the universal joint (283). The other side of the universal joint (283) is fixedly connected to one end of the second screw rod (284). The other end of the second screw rod (284) is rotatably connected to one side of the outer barrel (281). The fourth motor (285) is fixedly connected to one side of the upper portion of the outer barrel (281). The output end of the fourth motor (285) is fixedly connected to one end of the first screw rod (282).

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