Liquid compound fertilizer as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a liquid compound fertilizer as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The liquid compound fertilizer provided by the invention comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 35-37% of urea, 45-47% of ammonium nitrate, 5-8% of nutrient elements and the balance of water, the nutrient elements comprise one or more of organic matters, macroelements, medium elements and microelements. Nitrate nitrogen in the liquid compound fertilizer can be used as an instant nitrogen source for farmers to quickly absorb; one part of ammonium nitrogen is instantly absorbed, and the other part of ammonium nitrogen is adsorbed by soil colloid, so that the fertilizer efficiency is prolonged; urea hydrolysis needs a long time, and the effect of long-acting nitrogen fertilizer can be achieved. The matrix of the liquid compound fertilizer has a long-acting and short-acting mechanism, and can continuously provide nutrients for crops. The liquid compound fertilizer contains nutrient substances required by vegetation and can be easily absorbed by the vegetation, so that the liquid compound fertilizer has higher fertilizer efficiency, and the utilization rate of the liquid compound fertilizer is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and in particular relates to a liquid compound fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Fertilizers are a key factor in ensuring agricultural production. With the rapid development of agriculture, fertilizers also require continuous improvement. Traditional fertilizers mainly include nitrogen fertilizers, phosphorus fertilizers, potash fertilizers, compound fertilizers, micronutrient fertilizers, and organic fertilizers. These fertilizers have a single nutrient profile and require a combination of multiple fertilizers to meet crop growth needs, requiring significant labor and material resources. Furthermore, traditional fertilizers dissolve slowly, contain a high concentration of insoluble matter and harmful ions, and have low fertilizer utilization rates. Consequently, these fertilizers no longer meet the needs of modern agricultural production. To meet the demands of modern agricultural production, liquid fertilizers have emerged. The advent of liquid fertilizers has made integrated water and fertilizer management possible. Integrated water and fertilizer management utilizes a piped irrigation system to mix liquid fertilizer with water for simultaneous irrigation and fertilization, ensuring timely and appropriate water and nutrient needs for crops. This improves production efficiency while conserving water. However, existing liquid fertilizers are mostly mono- or di-component fertilizers. Tri-component liquid fertilizers are rare, and those containing trace elements are even rarer. High-quality liquid fertilizers are very expensive, increasing the burden on farmers. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a liquid compound fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof. The liquid compound fertilizer provided by the present invention contains multiple nutrients required by crops and is low in price, which is conducive to promotion and application.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a liquid compound fertilizer, comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass:

[0005]

[0006] The nutrient elements include one or more of organic matter, macroelements, secondary elements and trace elements.

[0007] Preferably, the organic matter includes humic acid or amino acid.

[0008] Preferably, the major element is one or more of C, H, O, N, P and K.

[0009] Preferably, the secondary elements are one or more of Ca, Mg and S.

[0010] Preferably, the trace elements are one or more of Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, P, Mo and Cl.

[0011] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the liquid compound fertilizer described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0012] Urea, ammonium nitrate, nutrient elements and water are mixed to obtain the liquid compound fertilizer.

[0013] Preferably, the mixing comprises the following steps:

[0014] Dissolving urea in water to obtain a urea solution;

[0015] first mixing the urea solution and ammonium nitrate to obtain an ammonium nitrate-urea mixed solution;

[0016] The ammonium nitrate-urea mixed solution and nutrient elements are mixed for a second time to obtain the liquid compound fertilizer.

[0017] The present invention also provides the use of the liquid compound fertilizer described in the above technical solution or the liquid compound fertilizer prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in crops.

[0018] Preferably, the crops include wheat, corn, potato, rice, cotton, cucumber, tomato, broccoli or sunflower.

[0019] The present invention provides a liquid compound fertilizer comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 35-37% urea, 45-47% ammonium nitrate, 5-8% nutrient elements and the remainder water; the nutrient elements include one or more of organic matter, macroelements, secondary elements and trace elements. In the present invention, the nitrate nitrogen in the liquid compound fertilizer can be used as an immediate nitrogen source for rapid absorption by farmers; part of the ammonium nitrogen is absorbed immediately, and part is adsorbed by soil colloids, thereby prolonging the fertilizer effect; urea requires a long time to hydrolyze, and can act as a long-acting nitrogen fertilizer. The matrix of the liquid compound fertilizer provided by the present invention has long-term and short-term mechanisms, and can continuously improve the nutritional content of crops. The liquid compound fertilizer provided by the present invention contains nutrients required by vegetation and is easily absorbed by vegetation, has a high fertilizer effect, and greatly improves the utilization rate of the liquid compound fertilizer.

[0020] The raw material cost of the compound fertilizer of the present invention is low and the process is simple. The liquid compound fertilizer provided by the present invention has low cost and low price, which is conducive to large-scale promotion and application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention provides a liquid compound fertilizer comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass:

[0022]

[0023] The nutrient elements include one or more of organic matter, macroelements, secondary elements and trace elements.

[0024] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all raw materials are conventional commercially available products.

[0025] In the present invention, the liquid compound fertilizer comprises 35-37% urea, preferably 35.5-36% by mass. In the present invention, the urea is easily soluble in water, 105 g of urea can be dissolved in 100 mL of water at 20° C., and its aqueous solution is neutral.

[0026] In the present invention, the liquid compound fertilizer comprises 45-47% ammonium nitrate, preferably 46-46.5%, by mass percentage. In the present invention, the ammonium nitrate is preferably unqualified ammonium nitrate produced during the ammonium nitrate production process, such as ammonium nitrate that falls to the ground during the production process. In the present invention, the unqualified ammonium nitrate is dissolved in water and filtered to obtain an ammonium nitrate solution. In the present invention, the dissolution temperature is preferably 90-110°C, more preferably 100°C. The present invention can remove solid impurities through filtration.

[0027] In the present invention, the liquid compound fertilizer includes 5-8% of nutrient elements, preferably 6-7%, in terms of mass percentage. In the present invention, the nutrient elements include one or more of organic matter, macroelements, secondary elements and trace elements, more preferably one or two of organic matter, macroelements, secondary elements and trace elements, and even more preferably organic matter, macroelements, secondary elements or trace elements. In the present invention, the organic matter preferably includes humic acid or amino acids, more preferably humic acid. In the present invention, the humic acid is chemically extracted from high-quality low-calcium and low-magnesium weathered coal naturally containing humic acid. In the present invention, the organic matter can improve soil structure.

[0028] In the present invention, the major element is preferably one or more of C, H, O, N, P and K, more preferably P and K. In the present invention, the secondary element is preferably one or more of Ca, Mg and S, more preferably Ca and Mg.

[0029] In the present invention, the trace elements are preferably one or more of Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, P, Mo and Cl, more preferably Fe, Mn, Zn and P. In the present invention, the addition of trace elements is beneficial to the absorption and utilization of macroelements by crops, and can also improve the colloidal chemical properties of cell protoplasm, thereby increasing the concentration of protoplasm and enhancing the resistance of crops to adverse environments.

[0030] In the present invention, the liquid compound fertilizer also includes a balance of water in terms of mass percentage. The present invention has no special requirements for the water, and tap water can be used.

[0031] In the present invention, the pH value of the liquid compound fertilizer is preferably 6 to 7, more preferably 6 to 6.5. In the present invention, the liquid compound fertilizer is slightly acidic and is suitable for improving saline-alkali land and increasing its fertility.

[0032] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the liquid compound fertilizer described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0033] Urea, ammonium nitrate, nutrient elements and water are mixed to obtain the liquid compound fertilizer.

[0034] In the present invention, the mixing preferably comprises the following steps:

[0035] Dissolving urea in water to obtain a urea solution;

[0036] first mixing the urea solution and ammonium nitrate to obtain an ammonium nitrate-urea mixed solution;

[0037] The ammonium nitrate-urea mixed solution and nutrient elements are mixed for a second time to obtain the liquid compound fertilizer.

[0038] The present invention dissolves urea in water to obtain a urea solution. The present invention has no special requirements for the dissolution, as long as the urea solution can be completely dissolved.

[0039] After obtaining the urea solution, the present invention first mixes the urea solution with ammonium nitrate to obtain an ammonium nitrate-urea mixed solution. In the present invention, the first mixing is preferably performed under stirring. In the present invention, the stirring speed is preferably 60 to 90 r / min, more preferably 70 to 80 r / min; and the stirring time is preferably 0.5 to 1 hour, more preferably 0.6 to 0.8 hours.

[0040] After obtaining the ammonium nitrate-urea mixed solution, the present invention performs a second mixing of the ammonium nitrate-urea mixed solution and nutrient elements to obtain the liquid compound fertilizer. In the present invention, the second mixing is preferably performed under stirring conditions. In the present invention, the stirring speed is preferably 60 to 90 r / min, more preferably 70 to 80 r / min; and the stirring time is preferably 0.5 to 1 hour, more preferably 0.6 to 0.8 hours.

[0041] The present invention also provides the use of the liquid compound fertilizer described in the above technical solution or the liquid compound fertilizer prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution on crops. In the present invention, the crops include wheat, corn, potatoes, rice, cotton, cucumbers, tomatoes, broccoli, or sunflowers. The liquid compound fertilizer provided by the present invention can be mixed with pesticides such as herbicides for application, which can reduce the cost of growing crops. The liquid compound fertilizer provided by the present invention is suitable for integrated water and fertilizer application, enabling precise and efficient fertilization.

[0042] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the weight level of the raw material usage, as long as the required mass percentage can be achieved.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] Dissolve unqualified ammonium nitrate in 100° C. water and filter to obtain an ammonium nitrate solution; dissolve urea in water to obtain a urea solution; stir the urea solution and ammonium nitrate solution at a rotation speed of 60 r / min for 0.5 h to obtain an ammonium nitrate-urea mixed solution; stir the ammonium nitrate-urea mixed solution and humic acid at a rotation speed of 60 r / min for 0.5 h to obtain a liquid compound fertilizer with a pH value of 4; the mass percentage of urea in the liquid compound fertilizer is 35%, the mass percentage of ammonium nitrate is 45%, and the mass percentage of humic acid is 5%.

[0046] In the present invention, the pH value of the ammonium nitrate solution is slightly less than 7, which is slightly acidic, making it a high-quality fertilizer for improving saline-alkali land. The liquid compound fertilizer is rich in nitrate nitrogen, which is conducive to plant absorption. Treating soil with the liquid compound fertilizer prepared in Example 1 can promote soil structure formation, improve soil physical properties, change soil porosity, and increase soil water storage capacity, thereby preventing and resisting diseases and increasing crop yield and income.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] Dissolve unqualified ammonium nitrate in 100°C water and filter to obtain an ammonium nitrate solution; dissolve urea in water to obtain a urea solution; stir the urea solution and ammonium nitrate at a rotation speed of 60 r / min for 0.5 h to obtain an ammonium nitrate-urea mixed solution; stir the ammonium nitrate-urea mixed solution and a secondary element (30 grams of phosphorus and potassium per liter) at a rotation speed of 60 r / min for 0.50 h to obtain a liquid compound fertilizer with a pH value of 4.5; the mass percentage of urea in the liquid compound fertilizer is 35%, the mass percentage of ammonium nitrate is 45%, and the mass percentage of the secondary element is 5%.

[0049] The liquid compound fertilizer prepared in Example 2 is used to treat the soil to adjust the physiological balance of the medium.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] Dissolve unqualified ammonium nitrate in 100° C. water and then filter to obtain an ammonium nitrate solution; dissolve urea in water to obtain a urea solution; stir the urea solution and ammonium nitrate at a rotation speed of 60 r / min for 0.5 h to obtain an ammonium nitrate-urea mixed solution; stir the ammonium nitrate-urea mixed solution with humic acid, secondary elements (phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium) and trace elements (iron, manganese, zinc and boron) at a rotation speed of 60 r / min for 0.5 h to obtain a liquid compound fertilizer; the mass percentage of urea in the liquid compound fertilizer is 35%, the mass percentage of ammonium nitrate is 45%, the mass percentage of humic acid is 3%, the mass percentage of secondary elements is 5%, and the mass percentage of trace elements is 2%.

[0052] The element contents of the liquid compound fertilizers prepared in Examples 1 to 3 were tested according to NY1107-2010, and the results are listed in Table 1.

[0053] Table 1 Element content of liquid compound fertilizers prepared in Examples 1 to 3

[0054]

[0055] The liquid compound fertilizer prepared in Example 1 was subjected to field trials in Zhonghan Village, Changgou Town, Rencheng District, Jining City, Shandong Province, and Pingdian Village, Liying Town, Rencheng District, Jining City, Shandong Province; 9 test plots were randomly selected and divided into 3 groups, with 3 test plots in each group being designated No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3, and the 3 groups being designated as Treatment 1, Treatment 2, and Treatment 3, respectively; wherein Treatment 1 was to apply the liquid compound fertilizer prepared in Example 1 on the basis of conventional fertilization, Treatment 2 was to apply an amount of clear water equal to that in Treatment 1 on the basis of conventional fertilization, and Treatment 3 was to perform conventional fertilization only; conventional fertilization was to apply 1500 kg of commercial organic fertilizer and 30 kg of triple compound fertilizer per mu, and to apply 15 kg / mu of compound fertilizer 20 days after transplanting; the liquid compound fertilizer was applied by diluting the liquid compound fertilizer 500 times and then flushing it at 5 L / mu during the seedling stage (after the seedlings were all grown) and after flowering. The soil properties of the experimental fields are shown in Table 2. The test varieties were Holland 15 potato (Zhonghan Village) and Holland 7 potato (Pingdian Village), with 4,000 plants planted per mu.

[0056] Table 2 Soil nutrient status of the experimental field

[0057]

[0058] When the potatoes were mature, the leaf color, plant height, stem diameter and single potato weight of the plants were tested, and the results are listed in Table 3. The yield of different groups was tested, and the results are listed in Table 4.

[0059] Table 3 Growth characteristics of potatoes under different treatments

[0060]

[0061] Table 4 Potato yields under different treatments

[0062]

[0063] According to the results in Table 3 and Table 4, it can be seen that the liquid compound fertilizer provided by the present invention has a great influence on the growth, quality and yield of potatoes, and can significantly increase the weight of single potatoes and the yield per mu.

[0064] The liquid compound fertilizer prepared in Example 3 was tested in Hesheng Village, Zhaojun Town, Dalate Banner, Ordos City, Inner Mongolia, and Xinminqu Village, Bainijing Town, Dalate Banner, Ordos City, Inner Mongolia. Nine test plots (30 m2 each) were randomly selected. 2 ) was divided into 3 groups, each group had 3 test plots, which were recorded as No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3, and the 3 groups were recorded as treatment 1, treatment 2 and treatment 3, respectively; wherein treatment 1 was to apply the liquid compound fertilizer prepared in Example 1 on the basis of conventional fertilization, treatment 2 was to apply the same amount of clear water as the liquid compound fertilizer in treatment 1 on the basis of conventional fertilization, and treatment 3 was to just carry out conventional fertilization; conventional fertilization was to apply 1200 kg of commercial organic fertilizer and 10 kg / mu of diammonium phosphate per mu, and to apply 15 kg / mu of urea at the initial stage of budding; the way of applying liquid compound fertilizer was to dilute the liquid compound fertilizer 600 times and then flush it at the initial stage of budding, 5 L / mu. The soil quality of the test field is shown in Table 5, and the test variety was hybrid S31 sunflower, with 4000 plants per mu, sown on May 24 and harvested on September 1; except for the different fertilizers applied, other field management and agronomic measures were consistent throughout the test.

[0065] Table 5 Soil nutrient status of the experimental field

[0066]

[0067] The plant height, stem diameter and disk diameter of the sunflowers were measured during the grain filling stage, and the results are listed in Table 6. The yield of different groups was measured after the sunflowers were harvested, and the results are listed in Table 7.

[0068] Table 6 Growth characteristics of sunflowers under different treatments

[0069]

[0070] Table 7 Sunflower yields under different treatments

[0071]

[0072] According to the results in Table 6 and Table 7, it can be seen that the liquid compound fertilizer provided by the present invention can increase the plant height, stem thickness and disk diameter of sunflower, and significantly increase the yield of sunflower.

[0073] Although the above embodiment provides a detailed description of the present invention, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid compound fertilizer, characterized in that: Including the following raw materials in percentage by mass: The nutrient elements include one or more of organic matter, macroelements, secondary elements and trace elements.

2. The liquid compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic matter includes humic acid or amino acid.

3. The liquid compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The large amount of elements is one or more of C, H, O, N, P and K.

4. The liquid compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The intermediate elements are one or more of Ca, Mg and S.

5. The liquid compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trace elements are one or more of Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, P, Mo and Cl.

6. A method for preparing the liquid compound fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps: Urea, ammonium nitrate, nutrient elements and water are mixed to obtain the liquid compound fertilizer.

7. The liquid compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing comprises the following steps: Dissolving urea in water to obtain a urea solution; first mixing the urea solution and ammonium nitrate to obtain an ammonium nitrate-urea mixed solution; The ammonium nitrate-urea mixed solution and nutrient elements are mixed for a second time to obtain the liquid compound fertilizer.

8. Use of the liquid compound fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the liquid compound fertilizer prepared by the preparation method according to claim 8 or 9 in crops.

9. The application according to claim 8, characterized in that: The crops include wheat, corn, potato, rice, cotton, cucumber, tomato, broccoli or sunflower.

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