Anti-ultraviolet aging type cable and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cables, and discloses an anti-ultraviolet aging type cable and a preparation method thereof.The cable comprises a conductor wire core and a sheath layer wrapping the outer side of the conductor wire core, and the sheath layer is formed by extruding and wrapping a sheath layer material on the surface of the conductor wire core; the material of the sheath layer is formed by taking high-density polyethylene as a base material and maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, a rubber additive, a high-molecular anti-ultraviolet functional agent and the like as auxiliary materials through extrusion, and the high-molecular anti-ultraviolet functional agent which is connected through ester bonds and has benzotriazole-adamantane alternate connection is prepared as the additive. The prepared sheath layer material is more compact in structure, and the ultraviolet resistance, the aging resistance, the mechanical property and the heat-resistant stability of the sheath layer material are improved by utilizing benzotriazole, rigid heterocyclic rings and the like contained in the structure of the macromolecular anti-ultraviolet functional agent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cables, and in particular to an anti-ultraviolet aging type cable and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In modern society, power transmission and information transfer are inseparable from wires and cables. From household electricity to industrial production, from communication networks to transportation, all are inseparable from the support of wires and cables. At present, wires and cables mainly include the manufacturing materials of wires and cables, which mainly include conductor materials and sheath materials. Among them, the conductor material is the core part of the wire and cable, responsible for transmitting current. The sheath material is used to protect the internal structure of the cable from the influence of the external environment. Commonly used sheath materials include lead sheath, aluminum sheath, polymer material sheath, etc. Lead sheath has good sealing, corrosion resistance and certain mechanical strength. Aluminum sheath is light in weight, high in strength and good in corrosion resistance. Among them, polymer material sheath has relatively better insulation performance and better processing performance. Therefore, it is widely used as a sheath material in conventional wires and cables.

[0003] High-density polyethylene (HDPE), a polymer material, exhibits excellent acid, alkali, and water resistance, making it a popular choice for sheathing in wires and cables. However, in outdoor environments, UV rays can erode HDPE, causing surface aging and fading, and potentially damaging its internal structure, shortening the material's service life. While this can be improved by adding UV-resistant additives, conventional small-molecule UV-resistant additives are prone to migration and cannot guarantee the material's long-lasting UV resistance. Consequently, there is an urgent need to modify HDPE to meet the UV-resistant aging requirements of wires and cables. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (1) Technical problems solved

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an anti-ultraviolet aging type cable and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] (2) Technical solution

[0007] A method for preparing an anti-ultraviolet aging type electric cable, wherein the electric cable comprises a conductor core and a sheath layer covering the outer side of the conductor core;

[0008] The sheath layer is formed by extruding and coating the sheath layer material on the surface of the conductor core;

[0009] The sheath layer material includes the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0010] High-density polyethylene 55-75 parts, maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene 10-20 parts, rubber additives 5-15 parts, polymer anti-ultraviolet functional agent 1-4 parts, lubricant 1-2 parts, antioxidant 0.5-1 parts, filler 5-10 parts;

[0011] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: Preparation of sheath material

[0013] After weighing all the raw materials according to their weight, add them into a high-speed mixer, stir and mix them at a temperature of 100-120°C, transfer them into a twin-screw extruder, and perform melt extrusion and granulation to obtain the sheath layer material;

[0014] Step 2: Preparation of conductor core

[0015] Twist 3-5 copper wires together to form a conductor core;

[0016] Step 3: Preparation of cables

[0017] The sheath layer material is added into the extruder and extruded and coated on the surface of the conductor core to produce the cable.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention, the rubber additive is any one of EPDM rubber, nitrile rubber or styrene butadiene rubber.

[0019] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the polymer anti-ultraviolet functional agent is as follows:

[0020] Nitrogen is introduced into the polymerization kettle, and air is exhausted. Then, a reactive UV absorber and N,N-dimethylformamide are added into the polymerization kettle. After the addition is completed, stirring is started. After the stirring is uniformly mixed at a stirring rate of 500-1000 r / min, adamantane polymerization monomer and a phase transfer catalyst are added into the polymerization kettle. After the addition is completed, heating is started. The temperature is gradually increased to 90-100°C at a heating rate of 2-3°C / min. The temperature is kept and stirred for 9-18 hours under the temperature condition. The N,N-dimethylformamide is evaporated and removed. The material is cooled and discharged. After a purification process, a polymer anti-UV functional agent can be obtained.

[0021] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the reactive ultraviolet absorber is prepared by the following method:

[0022] 2-[2-hydroxy-5-[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]phenyl]-2H-benzotriazole and tetrahydrofuran are added to a reaction kettle. After the addition is completed, nitrogen is introduced for protection. Then, a functionalizing reagent and triethylamine are added to the reaction kettle under stirring. After the addition is completed, the temperature is raised to 50-60° C., and the reaction is stirred for 3-6 hours. The solvent is removed by rotary evaporation, and the temperature is lowered and the material is discharged to obtain a reactive ultraviolet absorber.

[0023] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the molar ratio of the 2-[2-hydroxy-5-[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]phenyl]-2H-benzotriazole to the functionalizing agent is 1:1.

[0024] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the functionalizing agent is mercaptosuccinic acid or 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid.

[0025] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the adamantane polymer monomer is 1-(2',4'-di(glycidyl ether)phenyl)adamantane.

[0026] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the phase transfer catalyst is any one of tetrabutylammonium bromide, tetramethylammonium bromide, tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate or N,N-dimethylbenzylamine.

[0027] In the above technical solution, 2-[2-hydroxy-5-[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]phenyl]-2H-benzotriazole and a functionalizing agent are first used as reactants, and a click reaction between the active unsaturated olefinic functional group and the active thiol substituent in each other's structure is utilized to prepare a benzotriazole derivative containing two equivalents of active carboxyl substituents in its structure, i.e., a reactive UV absorber. Subsequently, under the action of a phase transfer catalyst, the two equivalents of carboxyl substituents in the reactive UV absorber structure can undergo a continuous ring-opening esterification reaction with the two equivalents of epoxy substituents in the adamantane polymerization monomer structure, thereby preparing a macromolecular substance having benzotriazole-adamantane alternatingly connected by ester bonds, i.e., a high-molecular anti-UV functional agent.

[0028] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the lubricant is polyethylene wax or liquid paraffin; the antioxidant is at least one of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 1076 or antioxidant 168; and the filler is at least one of fumed silica, calcium carbonate, talc or titanium dioxide.

[0029] An anti-ultraviolet aging type cable is prepared by adopting the above preparation method.

[0030] (3) Beneficial technical effects

[0031] The present invention prepares a polymeric anti-UV functional agent with ester linkages and alternating benzotriazole-adamantane linkages as an additive. Because its structure contains a large number of hydroxyl groups generated by a ring-opening esterification reaction, it can interact with the maleic anhydride groups in the compatibilizer structure during the subsequent extrusion process, thereby achieving mutual entanglement and interweaving with the high-density polyethylene molecular chains, making the structure of the prepared sheath layer material more compact, which is conducive to enhancing the mechanical strength of the sheath layer material. Moreover, the rigid heterocycle contained in the structure of the polymeric anti-UV functional agent can improve the mechanical properties and heat stability of the sheath layer material, further enhancing its mechanical strength. In addition, the presence of the benzotriazole group can enable the sheath layer material to exhibit excellent anti-UV performance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in more detail below. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are provided below. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosure of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] Preparation of sheath material:

[0035] Step S1, according to parts by weight, weigh 55 parts of high-density polyethylene, 10 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 5 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, 1 part of a polymer anti-ultraviolet functional agent, 1 part of polyethylene wax, 0.5 parts of antioxidant 1010, and 5 parts of fumed silica, add them to a high-speed blender, and stir and mix them at a temperature of 100° C. to form a premix;

[0036] Step S2: feeding the premix into a twin-screw extruder, controlling the temperature of each zone to: 200°C for zone 1, 210°C for zone 2, 220°C for zone 3, 220°C for zone 4, and 210°C for zone 5, and performing melt extrusion granulation to obtain the sheath layer material.

[0037] The preparation method of the polymer anti-ultraviolet functional agent comprises the following steps:

[0038] Step A, adding 0.4 g of 2-[2-hydroxy-5-[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]phenyl]-2H-benzotriazole and tetrahydrofuran to a reactor, after the addition is complete, nitrogen protection is introduced, and then 0.23 g of mercaptosuccinic acid and 0.05 g of triethylamine are added to the reactor under stirring. After the addition is complete, the temperature is raised to 60° C., stirred for reaction for 4 hours, and the solvent is removed by rotary evaporation. The temperature is lowered and the material is discharged to obtain a reactive ultraviolet absorber;

[0039] Step B: nitrogen is introduced into the polymerization kettle, and the air is exhausted. Then, 0.8 g of a reactive UV absorber and N,N-dimethylformamide are added to the polymerization kettle. After the addition is completed, stirring is started. After stirring and mixing uniformly at a stirring rate of 800 r / min, 0.6 g of 1-(2',4'-di(glycidyl ether)phenyl)adamantane and 0.1 g of tetrabutylammonium bromide are added to the polymerization kettle. After the addition is completed, heating is started. The temperature is gradually increased to 90° C. at a heating rate of 3° C. / min, and the mixture is kept warm and stirred for 16 hours under this temperature condition. N,N-dimethylformamide is evaporated and removed. The material is cooled and discharged. After purification treatment, a polymer anti-UV functional agent can be obtained.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] Preparation of sheath material:

[0042] Step S1, according to parts by weight, weigh 60 parts of high-density polyethylene, 15 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 10 parts of nitrile rubber, 3 parts of polymer anti-ultraviolet functional agent, 1.5 parts of polyethylene wax, 0.5 parts of antioxidant 1076, and 6 parts of calcium carbonate, add them to a high-speed blender, and stir and mix them at a temperature of 110° C. to form a premix;

[0043] Step S2: feeding the premix into a twin-screw extruder, controlling the temperature of each zone to: 200°C for zone 1, 210°C for zone 2, 220°C for zone 3, 220°C for zone 4, and 210°C for zone 5, and performing melt extrusion granulation to obtain the sheath layer material.

[0044] The preparation method of the polymer anti-ultraviolet functional agent is the same as that in Example 1.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] Preparation of sheath material:

[0047] Step S1, according to parts by weight, weigh 75 parts of high-density polyethylene, 20 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 15 parts of styrene-butadiene rubber, 4 parts of polymer anti-ultraviolet functional agent, 2 parts of polyethylene wax, 1 part of antioxidant 168, and 10 parts of talc, add them to a high-speed blender, and stir and mix them at a temperature of 120° C. to form a premix;

[0048] Step S2: feeding the premix into a twin-screw extruder, controlling the temperature of each zone to: 200°C for zone 1, 210°C for zone 2, 220°C for zone 3, 220°C for zone 4, and 210°C for zone 5, and performing melt extrusion granulation to obtain the sheath layer material.

[0049] The preparation method of the polymer anti-ultraviolet functional agent is the same as that in Example 1.

[0050] Comparative Example 1

[0051] Preparation of sheath material:

[0052] Step S1, according to parts by weight, weighing 60 parts of high-density polyethylene, 15 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 10 parts of nitrile rubber, 3 parts of 2-[2-hydroxy-5-[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]phenyl]-2H-benzotriazole, 1.5 parts of polyethylene wax, 0.5 parts of antioxidant 1076, and 6 parts of calcium carbonate, adding them to a high-speed blender, stirring and mixing at a temperature of 110° C. to form a premix;

[0053] Step S2: feeding the premix into a twin-screw extruder, controlling the temperature of each zone to: 200°C for zone 1, 210°C for zone 2, 220°C for zone 3, 220°C for zone 4, and 210°C for zone 5, and performing melt extrusion granulation to obtain the sheath layer material.

[0054] Comparative Example 2

[0055] Preparation of sheath material:

[0056] Step S1, according to parts by weight, weigh 60 parts of high-density polyethylene, 15 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 10 parts of nitrile rubber, 1.5 parts of polyethylene wax, 0.5 parts of antioxidant 1076, and 6 parts of calcium carbonate, add them into a high-speed blender, and stir and mix them at a temperature of 110° C. to form a premix;

[0057] Step S2: feeding the premix into a twin-screw extruder, controlling the temperature of each zone to: 200°C for zone 1, 210°C for zone 2, 220°C for zone 3, 220°C for zone 4, and 210°C for zone 5, and performing melt extrusion granulation to obtain the sheath layer material.

[0058] Performance Testing

[0059] Table 1 - Performance test results

[0060]

[0061] The tensile performance test method refers to the standard GB / T 1040.2-2022. Specimens of the same specifications were taken and placed at room temperature for 3 months. The tensile strength was tested using a 300mJ / cm 2 The specimens were irradiated with a mercury lamp for 12 hours, and the tensile properties were tested. The anti-ultraviolet aging performance was evaluated by calculating the difference in tensile properties before and after irradiation. Generally speaking, the smaller the difference, the better the anti-ultraviolet aging performance, and vice versa.

[0062] The heat resistance stability test method is: place a sample with a specification of 5cm×5cm×4mm at a temperature of 150°C, observe the time it takes for the sample to curl, soften, yellow, crack, etc., and evaluate the heat resistance stability.

[0063] Analysis and test results show that the overall comprehensive performance of the sheath layer material prepared in the embodiment of the present invention is excellent. After the polymer anti-UV functional agent is replaced with a conventional small molecule type 2-[2-hydroxy-5-[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]phenyl]-2H-benzotriazole anti-UV auxiliary agent, migration may occur during storage and the advantages of the polymer anti-UV functional agent structure cannot be utilized, so the various performances are significantly reduced.

[0064] A UV-resistant cable is prepared using the sheath layer material prepared in Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention. The specific preparation method includes the following steps:

[0065] Step 1: Preparation of conductor core

[0066] Twist 5 copper wires together to form a conductor core;

[0067] Step 2: Preparation of cables

[0068] The sheath layer material is added into the extruder and extruded and coated on the surface of the conductor core to produce the cable.

[0069] Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core ideas, including the best mode, and also enable any technician in the field to practice the present invention, including making and using any device or system, and implementing any combined method. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention. The scope of patent protection of the present invention is defined by the claims and may include other embodiments that can be thought of by those skilled in the art. If these other embodiments have structural elements similar to the literal description of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements that are not substantially different from the literal description of the claims, then these other embodiments should also be included in the scope of the claims.

[0070] Based on the ideal embodiments of the present invention, and with reference to the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical scope of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an anti-ultraviolet aging cable, characterized in that: The electric wire and cable comprises a conductor core and a sheath layer covering the outer side of the conductor core; The sheath layer is formed by extruding and coating the sheath layer material on the surface of the conductor core; The sheath layer material includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: High-density polyethylene 55-75 parts, maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene 10-20 parts, rubber additives 5-15 parts, polymer anti-ultraviolet functional agent 1-4 parts, lubricant 1-2 parts, antioxidant 0.5-1 parts, filler 5-10 parts; The preparation method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Preparation of sheath material After weighing all the raw materials according to their weight, add them into a high-speed mixer, stir and mix them at a temperature of 100-120°C, transfer them into a twin-screw extruder, and perform melt extrusion and granulation to obtain the sheath layer material; Step 2: Preparation of conductor core Twist 3-5 copper wires together to form a conductor core; Step 3: Preparation of cables The sheath layer material is added into the extruder and extruded and coated on the surface of the conductor core to produce the cable.

2. The method for preparing a UV-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rubber additive is any one of EPDM rubber, nitrile rubber or styrene butadiene rubber.

3. The method for preparing a UV-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the polymer anti-ultraviolet functional agent is as follows: Nitrogen is introduced into the polymerization kettle, and air is exhausted. Then, a reactive UV absorber and N,N-dimethylformamide are added into the polymerization kettle. After the addition is completed, stirring is started. After the stirring is uniformly mixed at a stirring rate of 500-1000 r / min, adamantane polymerization monomer and a phase transfer catalyst are added into the polymerization kettle. After the addition is completed, heating is started. The temperature is gradually increased to 90-100°C at a heating rate of 2-3°C / min. The temperature is kept and stirred for 9-18 hours under the temperature condition. The N,N-dimethylformamide is evaporated and removed. The material is cooled and discharged. After a purification process, a polymer anti-UV functional agent can be obtained.

4. The method for preparing a UV-resistant cable according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reactive ultraviolet absorber is prepared by the following method: 2-[2-hydroxy-5-[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]phenyl]-2H-benzotriazole and tetrahydrofuran are added to a reaction kettle. After the addition is completed, nitrogen is introduced for protection. Then, a functionalizing reagent and triethylamine are added to the reaction kettle under stirring. After the addition is completed, the temperature is raised to 50-60° C., and the reaction is stirred for 3-6 hours. The solvent is removed by rotary evaporation, and the temperature is lowered and the material is discharged to obtain a reactive ultraviolet absorber.

5. The method for preparing a UV-resistant cable according to claim 4, characterized in that: The molar ratio of the 2-[2-hydroxy-5-[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]phenyl]-2H-benzotriazole to the functionalizing agent is 1:

1.

6. The method for preparing a UV-resistant cable according to claim 4, characterized in that: The functionalizing agent is mercaptosuccinic acid or 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid.

7. The method for preparing a UV-resistant cable according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adamantane polymerization monomer is 1-(2',4'-di(glycidyl ether)phenyl)adamantane.

8. The method for preparing a UV-resistant cable according to claim 3, characterized in that: The phase transfer catalyst is any one of tetrabutylammonium bromide, tetramethylammonium bromide, tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate or N,N-dimethylbenzylamine.

9. The method for preparing a UV-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubricant is polyethylene wax or liquid paraffin; the antioxidant is at least one of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 1076 or antioxidant 168; the filler is at least one of fumed silica, calcium carbonate, talc or titanium dioxide.

10. An anti-ultraviolet aging type cable, characterized in that: The method is as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images