Titanium alloy polishing solution and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of material surface treatment, and discloses a titanium alloy polishing solution and a preparation method thereof, and the polishing solution comprises the following components by weight: 10-30% of spherical alumina; 5%-10% of a dispersant; 3%-5% of a wetting agent; 5%-10% of isomeric alcohol; the preparation method comprises the following steps: heating the deionized water, adding a dispersing agent, stirring to obtain a pre-dispersed system, adding spherical aluminum oxide in a stirring state, homogenizing to form a suspension, sequentially adding a wetting agent and isomeric alcohol into the suspension to obtain a mixed solution, adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution by using citric acid or ammonia water, and stirring to obtain the spherical aluminum oxide / isomeric alcohol composite material. According to the preparation method, the nonionic dispersant is adopted, so that spherical aluminum oxide can be effectively dispersed, agglomeration and sedimentation of the polishing solution are prevented, and long-term stability and excellent polishing performance of the polishing solution are ensured; the beneficial effects of improving the stability and the polishing effect of the polishing solution are finally achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of material surface treatment, in particular to a titanium alloy polishing liquid and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Titanium alloys are widely used in aerospace, medical, and chemical industries due to their excellent physical and chemical properties. They offer high strength, low density, excellent corrosion resistance, and high-temperature performance, maintaining stable mechanical properties even in extreme environments. These properties make them ideal for manufacturing high-performance components such as aerospace engine blades, medical implants, and corrosion-resistant components in chemical equipment.

[0003] However, surface treatment, particularly polishing, is crucial during the processing and use of titanium alloys. Polishing not only improves the surface quality of titanium alloys, making them smoother and flatter, thereby reducing stress concentration and increasing the fatigue life of components, but also enhances their functionality, such as increasing reflectivity in optical applications and reducing bacterial adhesion in the biomedical field. Furthermore, high-quality surface treatment is also crucial for enhancing the appearance and aesthetics of titanium alloy components.

[0004] Traditional polishing methods include mechanical polishing, chemical polishing, and electrolytic polishing. Mechanical polishing removes surface material through physical friction, but it has problems such as low polishing efficiency, high operator skill requirements, and easy introduction of surface scratches. Although chemical polishing can achieve good surface quality, it usually requires the use of strong acid or strong alkaline solutions, which pose potential hazards to the environment and operators, and the polishing process is difficult to accurately control. Although electrolytic polishing has high polishing efficiency, the equipment is complex, the cost is high, and the adaptability to different materials is poor. These traditional polishing methods generally have the disadvantages of low polishing efficiency, unstable polishing quality, and large damage to the material surface.

[0005] With the continuous advancement of science and technology and the increasing demand for titanium alloy surface quality in industrial production, the development of a new and efficient titanium alloy polishing fluid is of great practical significance. This polishing fluid should be able to effectively remove surface roughness while avoiding excessive damage to the titanium alloy surface, ensuring a uniform and stable surface quality after polishing. In addition, the new polishing fluid should be environmentally friendly and reduce environmental pollution. Therefore, researching and developing a titanium alloy polishing fluid that can meet these requirements will not only improve the performance and quality of titanium alloy parts, but also promote the sustainable development of related industries. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (1) Technical problems solved

[0007] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a titanium alloy polishing liquid and a preparation method thereof, which have good stability, polishing effect and wettability, and solve the problems of low polishing efficiency, unstable polishing quality and great damage to the material surface in traditional polishing methods.

[0008] (2) Technical solution

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a titanium alloy polishing liquid, wherein the components and their weight ratios of the polishing liquid are as follows: 10% to 30% spherical alumina; 5% to 10% dispersant; 3% to 5% wetting agent; 5% to 10% isomeric alcohol; and the remaining component is deionized water.

[0010] Preferably, the polishing liquid comprises the following components and their weight ratios: 15% spherical alumina; 8% dispersant; 4% wetting agent; 9% isomeric alcohol; and the remaining component is deionized water.

[0011] Preferably, the components of the polishing liquid and their weight ratios are: 30% spherical alumina; 10% dispersant; 3% wetting agent; 5% isomeric alcohol; and the remaining component is deionized water.

[0012] Preferably, the particle size of the spherical alumina ranges from 1 micron to 3 microns; and the dispersant is selected from one or both of polyvinyl pyrrolidone and polyethylene glycol.

[0013] Preferably, the wetting agent is selected from one or two of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and polyether-modified silicone, and the isomeric alcohol is selected from two or three of isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol and isooctyl alcohol.

[0014] A method for preparing a titanium alloy polishing liquid is prepared according to the components and weight ratios of the above-mentioned titanium alloy polishing liquid, comprising the following preparation steps: Step 1: Prepare ingredients: prepare spherical alumina, dispersant, wetting agent, isocyanate alcohol and deionized water in the formula weight ratio; Step 2: Pre-dispersion system construction: Heat deionized water to 40-50°C, add dispersant, and stir at 500-800 rpm for 12-15 minutes until the dispersant is completely dissolved to obtain a pre-dispersion system; Step 3: Abrasive dispersion and homogenization: Add spherical alumina to the pre-dispersed system while stirring at 1000-1500 rpm. Simultaneously, start a high-speed shear and set the speed to 4000-5000 rpm for homogenization for 20-30 minutes to form a suspension. Step 4: Compounding the functional additives: sequentially add the wetting agent and the isomeric alcohol to the suspension, maintain the solution temperature ≤ 40°C, and stir at 800-900 rpm for 15-20 minutes to obtain a mixed solution; Step 5: pH adjustment and defoaming: Use citric acid or ammonia water to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to 8.0-9.5, then add 0.1%-0.5% defoaming agent, and let it stand for 10-15 minutes for vacuum defoaming; Step 6: Filtration and filling: Filter the degassed mixed solution through a 5μm filter element to remove impurities, and then seal and store away from light.

[0015] Preferably, in step 3, the spherical alumina is added in stages and the specific process is as follows: S3.1. Add spherical alumina into the pre-dispersion solution in 2-4 batches, with an interval of 4-5 minutes between each batch; S3.2. After turning on the high-speed shearing machine, add 0.1% to 0.3% of silane coupling agent simultaneously during shearing.

[0016] Preferably, the step four includes: first adding a wetting agent to the suspension, stirring for 5-8 minutes, then adding isomeric alcohol dropwise, and dynamically adjusting the stirring speed according to the solid content range of 10% to 30% alumina in the formula. When the low solid content is ≤15%, the speed is adjusted to 800-900 rpm, and when the high solid content is greater than 15%, the speed is adjusted to 1100-1200 rpm. Finally, the viscometer controls the final viscosity of the mixed solution to be between 50-200 mPa·s (25°C).

[0017] Preferably, the step five includes: when using 10% ammonia water to adjust the solution, the ammonia water is added in 3-4 intervals, with an interval of 1-2 minutes each time; when using 5% citric acid to adjust the solution, the solution is preheated to 25-30°C and then citric acid is added dropwise; the defoaming agent is selected from one of polydimethylsiloxane or modified polyether siloxane; the defoaming treatment is to place the mixed solution in a vacuum degassing machine and treat it at a pressure of -0.08 to -0.1 MPa for 3-5 minutes.

[0018] Preferably, the filtration in step six includes primary filtration and secondary filtration, wherein the primary filtration uses a 20 μm filter to remove obvious agglomerated particles, and the secondary filtration uses a 5 μm filter element to remove tiny substances. After the secondary filtration, the product is filled into a light-proof polyethylene barrel under nitrogen protection, with a residual oxygen content of ≤0.5%, and stored away from light at a temperature of 5-25°C and a relative humidity of <60%.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a titanium alloy polishing liquid and a preparation method thereof, which have the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention can achieve the beneficial effect of improving the stability of the polishing liquid and the polishing effect by optimizing the dispersant type. The present invention adopts a non-ionic dispersant. Polyvinyl pyrrolidone or polyethylene glycol can effectively disperse spherical alumina and prevent the polishing liquid from agglomerating and settling, thereby ensuring the long-term stability of the polishing liquid and excellent polishing performance.

[0020] 2. The present invention can achieve the beneficial effects of preventing titanium alloy corrosion and improving polishing efficiency by precisely controlling the pH value. Adjusting the solution pH value to 8.0-9.5 can not only avoid electrochemical corrosion of titanium alloy in an acidic environment, but also increase the material removal rate, thereby improving polishing efficiency.

[0021] 3. The present invention can achieve the beneficial effects of reducing contact angle, improving wettability and polishing quality by adding 3% to 5% of a wetting agent. The wetting agent can reduce the interfacial tension between the polishing liquid and the titanium alloy surface, allowing the polishing liquid to better wet the surface, reducing surface scratches and defects, and thus improving the polishing quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A flow chart was prepared for the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] See also Figure 1 A titanium alloy polishing liquid, the components of the polishing liquid and their weight ratio range are: spherical aluminum oxide 10% to 30%; dispersant 5% to 10%; wetting agent 3% to 5%; isomeric alcohol 5% to 10%; the remaining component is deionized water.

[0025] Specifically, spherical alumina is used as a polishing abrasive with a particle size ranging from 1 micron to 3 microns. Selecting the appropriate particle size can effectively remove the roughness of the titanium alloy surface while avoiding excessive scratches. The amount of spherical alumina added can be adjusted between 10% and 30% according to different polishing requirements to ensure a balance between polishing effect and efficiency.

[0026] Specifically, the wetting agent is selected from one or two of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and polyether modified siloxane. The wetting agent can reduce the interfacial tension between the polishing liquid and the titanium alloy surface, so that the polishing liquid can better wet the surface and improve the polishing effect. The addition amount is 3% to 5%, which can effectively improve the wettability and reduce the occurrence of surface defects.

[0027] The advantage is: by adding 3% to 5% of the wetting agent, the beneficial effects of reducing the contact angle, improving wettability and polishing quality can be achieved. The wetting agent can reduce the interfacial tension between the polishing liquid and the titanium alloy surface, so that the polishing liquid can better wet the surface, reduce surface scratches and defects, and thus improve the polishing quality.

[0028] Specifically, the dispersant is selected from one or both of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). The function of the dispersant is to uniformly disperse the spherical alumina in the polishing liquid to prevent its agglomeration and sedimentation, thereby ensuring the stability of the polishing liquid and the polishing effect. The addition amount of the dispersant is 5% to 10%, which can ensure a good dispersion effect without affecting other properties of the polishing liquid due to excessive addition. The advantages are: by optimizing the dispersant type, the beneficial effect of improving the stability of the polishing liquid and the polishing effect can be achieved. The present invention uses a non-ionic dispersant, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone or polyethylene glycol can effectively disperse spherical alumina, preventing the polishing liquid from agglomerating and settling, thereby ensuring the long-term stability of the polishing liquid and excellent polishing performance.

[0029] Specifically, the isomeric alcohol is selected from two or three of isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol and isooctyl alcohol. The isomeric alcohol plays the role of assisting dissolution, adjusting viscosity and improving polishing effect in the polishing liquid. The addition amount is 5% to 10%, and it works synergistically with other ingredients to make the performance of the polishing liquid more excellent.

[0030] Specifically, a method for preparing a titanium alloy polishing liquid is prepared according to the components and weight ratios of the above-mentioned titanium alloy polishing liquid, comprising the following preparation steps: Step 1: Prepare ingredients: prepare spherical alumina, dispersant, wetting agent, isocyanate alcohol and deionized water in the formula weight ratio; Step 2: Pre-dispersion system construction: Heat deionized water to 40-50°C, add dispersant (PVP or PEG), and stir at 500-800 rpm for 12-15 minutes until the dispersant is completely dissolved to obtain a pre-dispersion system. The purpose of this step is to fully disperse the dispersant in the deionized water to create good conditions for the subsequent dispersion of spherical alumina. Step 3: Abrasive dispersion and homogenization: Add spherical alumina to the pre-dispersion system under stirring at 1000-1500 rpm, and simultaneously start the high-speed shearing machine and set the speed to 4000-5000 rpm for homogenization. The homogenization time is 20-30 minutes to form a stable suspension. By doing so, the spherical alumina can be more evenly dispersed in the solution, thereby improving the stability of the polishing solution and the polishing effect. Step 4: Compounding functional additives: Add the wetting agent and isomeric alcohol to the suspension in sequence, maintain the solution temperature ≤40°C, and stir at 800-900 rpm for 15-20 minutes to ensure uniform mixing to obtain a mixed solution. Finally, dynamically adjust the stirring speed according to the solid content range of 10% to 30% alumina in the formula to ensure that all ingredients are fully mixed and their synergistic effects are exerted; Step 5. pH adjustment and defoaming: Use citric acid or ammonia water to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to 8.0-9.5, then add 0.1%-0.5% defoaming agent, and let it stand for 10-15 minutes for vacuum degassing. The appropriate pH value and low foaming state will help improve the stability of the polishing solution and the polishing effect; The advantages are: by precisely controlling the pH value, the beneficial effects of preventing titanium alloy corrosion and improving polishing efficiency can be achieved. Adjusting the solution pH value to 8.0-9.5 can not only avoid electrochemical corrosion of titanium alloy in an acidic environment, but also increase the material removal rate (MRR), thereby improving polishing efficiency.

[0031] Step 6. Filtration and filling: Filter the degassed mixed solution through a 5μm filter element to remove impurities, then seal and store away from light to avoid high temperature and oxidation. Strict operation during the filtration and storage process can ensure the quality and stability of the polishing liquid.

[0032] Specifically, in step 3, the spherical alumina is added in stages and the specific process is as follows: S3.1. Add spherical alumina into the pre-dispersion solution in 2-4 batches, with an interval of 4-5 minutes between each batch; S3.2. After turning on the high-speed shearing machine, add 0.1% to 0.3% of silane coupling agent during shearing to improve the interfacial bonding strength between alumina and the solution.

[0033] Specifically, step four includes: first adding a wetting agent to the suspension, stirring for 5-8 minutes, then adding isomeric alcohol dropwise, and dynamically adjusting the stirring speed according to the solid content range of 10% to 30% alumina in the formula. When the low solid content is ≤15%, the speed is adjusted to 800-900 rpm. When the high solid content is greater than 15%, the speed is adjusted to 1100-1200 rpm. Finally, the viscometer controls the final viscosity of the mixed solution to be between 50-200 mPa·s (25°C).

[0034] Specifically, step five includes: when using 10% ammonia water to adjust the solution, the ammonia water is added in 3-4 intervals, with an interval of 1-2 minutes each time; when using 5% citric acid to adjust the solution, the solution is preheated to 25-30°C, and then citric acid is added dropwise; the defoaming agent is selected from polydimethylsiloxane or modified polyether siloxane; the defoaming treatment is to place the mixed solution in a vacuum degassing machine and treat it at a pressure of -0.08 to -0.1 MPa for 3-5 minutes.

[0035] Specifically, the filtration in step six includes primary filtration and secondary filtration, wherein the primary filtration uses a 20μm filter to remove obvious agglomerated particles, and the secondary filtration uses a 5μm filter element to remove tiny substances. After the secondary filtration, the product is filled into a light-proof polyethylene barrel under nitrogen protection, with a residual oxygen content of ≤0.5%, and stored away from light at a temperature of 5-25°C and a relative humidity of <60%.

[0036] Example 1 Specifically, the components and weight ratios of the polishing liquid are: 15% spherical alumina; 8% dispersant; 4% wetting agent; 9% isomeric alcohol; and the remaining component is deionized water.

[0037] Example 2 Specifically, the components and weight ratios of the polishing liquid are: 30% spherical alumina; 10% dispersant; 3% wetting agent; 5% isomeric alcohol; and the remaining component is deionized water.

[0038] Example 3 Specifically, the components and weight ratios of the polishing liquid are: 10% spherical aluminum oxide; 5% dispersant; 5% wetting agent; 10% isomeric alcohol; and the remaining component is deionized water.

[0039] Comparative Example 1 Specifically, the composition and weight ratio of the polishing liquid are: 15% aluminum oxide; 8% SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate); 4% wetting agent; 9% isomeric alcohol; and the balance is water (the dispersant is replaced with an anionic type).

[0040] Comparative Example 2 Specifically, the composition and weight ratio of the polishing liquid are: 15% aluminum oxide; 8% dispersant (PVP); 4% wetting agent; 9% isomeric alcohol; and the balance is water (pH = 4.0, an acidic environment is created during preparation, with excess citric acid).

[0041] Comparative Example 3 Specifically, the composition and weight ratio of the polishing liquid are: 15% aluminum oxide; 8% dispersant (PVP); deionized water instead of wetting agent; 9% isomeric alcohol; and the balance is water (wetting agent missing).

[0042] The above examples and comparative examples were made into polishing liquids and subjected to performance tests. The test data are shown in the following table: Performance test data table

[0043] The following information is obtained from the above table: Effect of dispersant type: Comparative Example 1 used anionic dispersant (SDS), which did not match the surface charge of alumina, resulting in agglomeration and sedimentation, and significantly deteriorated Ra and MRR. This indicates that selecting a suitable dispersant contributes to the stability and polishing effect of the polishing solution. The nonionic dispersant (PVP or PEG) used in the examples of the present invention can effectively disperse spherical alumina, improving the stability and polishing effect of the polishing solution. Necessity of pH control: Comparative Example 2 induces electrochemical corrosion of titanium alloy under acidic conditions (pH = 4.0) and reduces polishing efficiency (MRR decreases by 60%), indicating that controlling the pH between 8.0-9.5 helps to improve polishing efficiency. The appropriate pH value in Example 2 of the present invention can not only prevent corrosion of titanium alloy, but also improve polishing efficiency.

[0044] Verification of the wetting agent function: In comparative example 3, when there is no wetting agent, the contact angle is as high as 85°, and the polishing liquid cannot be spread evenly, resulting in an increase in surface scratches (Ra increases to 0.35μm). However, adding an appropriate amount of wetting agent in Example 3 of the present invention can reduce the contact angle, improve wettability, and enable the polishing liquid to better cover and act on the titanium alloy surface, thereby improving the polishing quality and efficiency.

[0045] Summary: The titanium alloy polishing liquid of the present invention has good stability, polishing effect and wettability, and solves the problems of low polishing efficiency, unstable polishing quality and great damage to the material surface in traditional polishing methods.

[0046] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A titanium alloy polishing liquid, characterized in that: The components of the polishing liquid and their weight ratio range are: 10% to 30% of spherical aluminum oxide; 5% to 10% of dispersant; 3% to 5% of wetting agent; 5% to 10% of isomeric alcohol; and the remaining component is deionized water.

2. The titanium alloy polishing liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polishing liquid has the following components and weight ratios: 15% spherical aluminum oxide; 8% dispersant; 4% wetting agent; 9% isomeric alcohol; and the remaining component is deionized water.

3. The titanium alloy polishing liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polishing liquid has the following components and weight ratios: 30% spherical aluminum oxide; 10% dispersant; 3% wetting agent; 5% isomeric alcohol; and the remaining component is deionized water.

4. The titanium alloy polishing liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the spherical aluminum oxide ranges from 1 micron to 3 microns; the dispersant is selected from one or both of polyvinyl pyrrolidone and polyethylene glycol.

5. The titanium alloy polishing liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wetting agent is selected from one or two of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and polyether-modified silicone, and the isomeric alcohol is selected from two or three of isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol and isooctyl alcohol.

6. A method for preparing a titanium alloy polishing liquid, characterized in that: The composition and weight ratio of the titanium alloy polishing liquid according to claim 1 are prepared, comprising the following preparation steps: Step 1: Prepare ingredients: prepare spherical alumina, dispersant, wetting agent, isocyanate alcohol and deionized water in the formula weight ratio; Step 2: Pre-dispersion system construction: Heat deionized water to 40-50°C, add dispersant, and stir at 500-800 rpm for 12-15 minutes until the dispersant is completely dissolved to obtain a pre-dispersion system; Step 3: Abrasive dispersion and homogenization: Add spherical alumina to the pre-dispersed system while stirring at 1000-1500 rpm. Simultaneously, start a high-speed shear and set the speed to 4000-5000 rpm for homogenization for 20-30 minutes to form a suspension. Step 4: Compounding the functional additives: sequentially add the wetting agent and the isomeric alcohol to the suspension, maintain the solution temperature ≤ 40°C, and stir at 800-900 rpm for 15-20 minutes to obtain a mixed solution; Step 5: pH adjustment and defoaming: Use citric acid or ammonia water to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to 8.0-9.5, then add 0.1%-0.5% defoaming agent, and let it stand for 10-15 minutes for vacuum defoaming; Step 6: Filtration and filling: Filter the degassed mixed solution through a 5μm filter element to remove impurities, and then seal and store away from light.

7. The method for preparing a titanium alloy polishing liquid according to claim 6, wherein: In step 3, spherical alumina is added in stages and gradients, and the specific process is as follows: S3.

1. Add spherical alumina into the pre-dispersion solution in 2-4 batches, with an interval of 4-5 minutes between each batch; S3.

2. After turning on the high-speed shearing machine, add 0.1% to 0.3% of silane coupling agent simultaneously during shearing.

8. The method for preparing a titanium alloy polishing liquid according to claim 6, wherein: The fourth step includes: first adding a wetting agent to the suspension, stirring for 5-8 minutes, then adding isomeric alcohol dropwise, and dynamically adjusting the stirring speed according to the solid content range of 10% to 30% alumina in the formula. When the low solid content is ≤15%, the speed is adjusted to 800-900 rpm; when the high solid content is greater than 15%, the speed is adjusted to 1100-1200 rpm. Finally, the viscometer is used to control the final viscosity of the mixed solution to be between 50-200 mPa·s (25°C).

9. The method for preparing a titanium alloy polishing liquid according to claim 6, wherein: The step five comprises: when using 10% ammonia water to adjust the solution, adding the ammonia water in 3-4 intervals, each interval being 1-2 minutes; when using 5% citric acid to adjust the solution, preheating the solution to 25-30° C. and then adding citric acid dropwise; selecting a defoaming agent selected from polydimethylsiloxane or modified polyether siloxane; and degassing treatment by placing the mixed solution in a vacuum degassing machine and treating it at a pressure of -0.08 to -0.1 MPa for 3-5 minutes.

10. The method for preparing a titanium alloy polishing liquid according to claim 6, wherein: The filtration in step six includes primary filtration and secondary filtration, wherein the primary filtration uses a 20 μm filter to remove obvious agglomerated particles, and the secondary filtration uses a 5 μm filter element to remove tiny substances. After the secondary filtration, the product is filled into a light-proof polyethylene barrel under nitrogen protection, with a residual oxygen content of ≤0.5%, and stored away from light at a temperature of 5-25°C and a relative humidity of <60%.

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