Self-adaptive adjustment system for current distribution of anode rod of aluminum electrolysis cell

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive adjustment system for current distribution of an anode rod of an aluminum electrolysis cell, and belongs to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis. The anode guide rods are arranged on one side of the horizontal bus at intervals; the multiple height adjusting mechanisms are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple anode guide rods, and the height adjusting mechanisms are used for driving the anode guide rods to be close to or away from the horizontal bus; the plurality of guide rod locking mechanisms are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of anode guide rods, and the guide rod locking mechanisms are used for locking and fixing the relative positions of the anode guide rods and the horizontal bus; the plurality of monitoring units are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of anode guide rods, and the monitoring units are arranged on the corresponding anode guide rods; and the control unit is electrically connected with the height adjusting mechanism, the guide rod locking mechanism and the monitoring unit. The electric signals on the guide rod can be collected and monitored in real time, the vertical position of the guide rod can be automatically adjusted, manual intervention is greatly reduced, equipment intelligence is truly achieved, and therefore the labor cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis, and in particular relates to a self-adaptive current distribution adjustment system for anode guide rods of an aluminum electrolysis cell. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the primary focus is connecting the anode guide rod to the horizontal busbar. By adjusting the horizontal busbar position, the pole pitch and voltage are adjusted. The current of a single anode guide rod is also measured when a faulty slot or during research. If the anode current distribution is too high or too low, the guide rod is hoisted from the overhead crane, the clamp is loosened, and the anode guide rod is adjusted up or down, then the clamp is tightened.

[0003] The existing technology cannot achieve precise current regulation of the anode guide rods and can only lift and lower more than 40 groups of anode guide rods at the same time. The current distribution coefficient of the anode guide rods is large, which is not conducive to efficient operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] An aluminum electrolysis cell anode guide rod current distribution adaptive adjustment system, comprising:

[0006] horizontal busbar;

[0007] A plurality of anode guide rods, wherein the plurality of anode guide rods are arranged at intervals on one side of the horizontal busbar;

[0008] A plurality of height adjustment mechanisms, each of the plurality of height adjustment mechanisms being provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of anode guide rods, and the height adjustment mechanisms being used to drive the anode guide rods toward or away from the horizontal busbar;

[0009] A plurality of guide rod locking mechanisms, each of which is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of anode guide rods, and the guide rod locking mechanisms are used to lock and fix the relative position of the anode guide rods and the horizontal busbar;

[0010] A plurality of monitoring units are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of anode guide rods, and the monitoring units are provided on the corresponding anode guide rods; the monitoring units are used to monitor the current distribution of the corresponding anode guide rods in real time;

[0011] a control unit, the control unit being electrically connected to the height adjustment mechanism, the guide rod locking mechanism, and the monitoring unit;

[0012] In which, the monitoring unit sends a monitoring signal to the control unit. When it is detected that the current of the corresponding anode guide rod is too large or too small, the control unit controls the guide rod locking mechanism to release the anode guide rod, and the height adjustment mechanism drives the anode guide rod close to or away from the horizontal busbar to adjust the anode guide rod to an appropriate height, and then the guide rod locking mechanism locks and fixes the anode guide rod.

[0013] Furthermore, the height adjustment mechanism includes a drive motor, a worm gear mechanism, a drive shaft and a roller arranged on the drive shaft, and the roller is provided with external teeth; the output end of the drive motor is drive-connected to the worm input end of the worm gear mechanism, the worm wheel of the worm gear mechanism is fixedly installed at one end of the drive shaft, and the anode guide rod is provided with a rack that meshes with the external teeth.

[0014] Furthermore, the driving motor is one of a pneumatic motor, a hydraulic motor or an electric motor.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a guide rod adjustment mechanism, which is arranged on the horizontal busbar and cooperates with the anode guide rod to provide a guiding effect on the movement of the anode guide rod.

[0016] Furthermore, the guide rod adjustment mechanism includes two guide blocks arranged opposite to each other, and the two guide blocks are fixedly mounted on the horizontal busbar via a mounting frame.

[0017] Furthermore, the guide rod locking mechanism includes a guide rod holder, a guide rod holder locking motor and a screw. The guide rod holder is fixedly mounted on the anode guide rod. The guide rod holder locking motor is fixedly mounted on the two guide blocks through a mounting plate. The screw is drive-connected to the guide rod holder locking motor. The guide rod holder is provided with an internal thread that cooperates with the screw.

[0018] Furthermore, the monitoring unit includes equidistant voltage drop measurement terminals mounted on the anode guide rod, and the equidistant voltage drop measurement terminals are electrically connected to the control unit.

[0019] Furthermore, the monitoring unit includes a Hall sensor installed on the anode guide rod, and the Hall sensor is electrically connected to the control unit.

[0020] The present invention has the following technical effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention can realize automatic adjustment of the upper and lower positions of the guide rod through real-time collection and monitoring of electrical signals on the guide rod, greatly reducing manual intervention, truly realizing intelligent equipment, and thus reducing labor costs;

[0022] 2. The present invention uses real-time acquisition and monitoring of electrical signals to make timely and reasonable adjustments to the guide rod height. Furthermore, the device uses a pneumatic motor to drive a worm gear mechanism to drive a toothed roller to move the guide rod up and down. This allows for millimeter-level accuracy, enabling precise control of guide rod consumption and significantly reducing guide rod wear.

[0023] 3. The present invention is fixed at the contact position between the busbar and the guide rod. In addition to the main body of the mechanism, no other equipment is required to assist. It has the characteristics of small size, modular structure, does not take up too much space, simple structure, not easy to damage, and easy installation, maintenance and repair. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the self-adaptive current distribution adjustment system for the anode guide rods of an aluminum electrolysis cell provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a front view of the overall structure of the self-adaptive current distribution adjustment system for the anode guide rods of an aluminum electrolysis cell provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a single anode guide rod installed on a horizontal busbar;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the movement direction of a single anode guide rod installed on a horizontal busbar;

[0028] Among them: 1. Horizontal busbar; 2. Anode guide rod; 3. Guide rod adjustment mechanism; 4. Drive motor; 5. Guide rod holder; 6. Guide rod holder locking motor; 7. Cable tray; 8. Control box; 9. Equidistant voltage drop measurement terminal; 10. Worm gear mechanism; 11. Screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] Example 1

[0030] refer to Figure 1 - Figure 4 , an aluminum electrolysis cell anode guide rod current distribution adaptive adjustment system, comprising:

[0031] Horizontal bus 1;

[0032] A plurality of anode guide rods 2 are arranged at intervals on one side of the horizontal busbar 1;

[0033] Multiple height adjustment mechanisms are provided corresponding to the multiple anode guide rods 2, and the height adjustment mechanisms are used to drive the anode guide rods 2 to move closer to or away from the horizontal busbar 1;

[0034] Multiple guide rod locking mechanisms, each of which corresponds to a plurality of anode guide rods 2, and is used to lock and fix the relative position of the anode guide rod 2 and the horizontal busbar 1;

[0035] Multiple monitoring units are provided in one-to-one correspondence with multiple anode guide rods 2, and the monitoring units are provided on the corresponding anode guide rods 2; the monitoring units are used to monitor the current distribution of the corresponding anode guide rods 2 in real time;

[0036] A control unit, the control unit being electrically connected to the height adjustment mechanism, the guide rod locking mechanism, and the monitoring unit;

[0037] Among them, the monitoring unit sends a monitoring signal to the control unit. When it is detected that the current of the corresponding anode guide rod 2 is too large or too small, the control unit controls the guide rod locking mechanism to release the anode guide rod 2, and the height adjustment mechanism drives the anode guide rod 2 close to or away from the horizontal busbar 1 to adjust the anode guide rod 2 to an appropriate height, and then the guide rod locking mechanism locks and fixes the anode guide rod 2.

[0038] In this embodiment, the height adjustment mechanism includes a drive motor 4, a worm gear mechanism 10, a drive shaft and a roller arranged on the drive shaft, and the roller is provided with external teeth; the output end of the drive motor 4 is drive-connected to the worm input end of the worm gear mechanism 10, the worm wheel of the worm gear mechanism 10 is fixedly installed at one end of the drive shaft, and the anode guide rod 2 is provided with a rack that engages with the external teeth.

[0039] In this embodiment, the driving motor 4 is one of a pneumatic motor, a hydraulic motor or an electric motor, preferably a pneumatic motor.

[0040] The driving motor 4 and the worm gear mechanism 10 are installed on the horizontal busbar 1 .

[0041] The aluminum electrolytic cell anode guide rod current distribution adaptive adjustment system provided in this embodiment also includes a guide rod adjustment mechanism 3, which is arranged on the horizontal busbar 1 and cooperates with the anode guide rod 2 to provide a guiding effect on the movement of the anode guide rod 2.

[0042] The guide rod adjustment mechanism 3 includes two guide blocks arranged opposite to each other. The two guide blocks are fixedly mounted on the horizontal busbar 1 via a mounting frame. The anode guide rod 2 can slide relative to the two guide blocks.

[0043] In this embodiment, the guide rod locking mechanism includes a guide rod holder 5, a guide rod holder locking motor 6 and a screw 11. The guide rod holder 5 is fixedly mounted on the anode guide rod 2. The guide rod holder locking motor 6 is fixedly mounted on two guide blocks through a mounting plate. The screw 11 is driven and connected to the guide rod holder locking motor 6. The guide rod holder 5 is provided with an internal thread that cooperates with the screw 11.

[0044] In this embodiment, the monitoring unit includes equidistant voltage drop measurement terminals 9 mounted on the anode guide rod 2 , and the equidistant voltage drop measurement terminals 9 are electrically connected to the control unit.

[0045] In this embodiment, the control unit is arranged in the control box 8, and the control unit of the control box 8 is electrically connected to the equidistant voltage drop measurement terminal 9, the guide rod holder locking motor 6, and the drive motor 4 through the control cable arranged on the cable tray 7.

[0046] In other embodiments, the monitoring unit may also be a Hall sensor installed on the anode guide rod 2 , and the Hall sensor is electrically connected to the control unit.

[0047] The working description of the self-adaptive adjustment system for current distribution of anode guide rods of aluminum electrolysis cells provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0048] 1. When the anode guide rod 2 is seriously damaged, the equidistant voltage drop measurement terminal transmits the electrical signal to the control box;

[0049] Specifically, since the anode guide rods have the same cross-sectional area, are made of the same material, and have similar ambient temperatures, the current can be estimated by measuring the voltage drop at equal distances;

[0050] When a Hall sensor is selected, the Hall sensor measures the magnetic field on the surface of the anode guide rod and calculates the current of each anode guide rod in combination with the total current value;

[0051] Among them, according to the principle of minimum anode current distribution value, the current that deviates too much from the average value is adjusted in the opposite direction;

[0052] 2. The control box controls the screw 11 of the guide rod holder 5 to loosen. At this time, the anode guide rod 2 will not slide down because the worm gear mechanism 10 has a self-locking function;

[0053] 3. The control box starts working through algorithm control, and the drive motor 4 drives the roller to rotate through the worm gear mechanism 10 to adjust the height of the anode guide rod 2 to the appropriate height;

[0054] Specifically, due to the real-time collection and monitoring of electrical signals, the height of the anode guide rod can be adjusted in a timely and reasonable manner. In addition, the device uses a pneumatic motor to drive a worm gear mechanism to drive the toothed roller to drive the guide rod up and down. The accuracy can reach the millimeter level, realizing precise control of the guide rod consumption, thereby greatly reducing the loss of the anode guide rod 2.

[0055] More specifically, a detection unit (equidistant voltage drop or Hall sensor) is installed on each anode guide rod. The detection signal enters the control box, and the MCU performs data analysis to adjust the guide rod to be adjusted. When adjusting the anode guide rod A, the MCU sends an execution signal m. The dynamic motor corresponding to the anode guide rod A loosens the clamp screw 11. The execution signal n sent by the MCU controls the pneumatic actuator to lift or lower the anode guide rod. The decision to stop is made based on the current feedback of the anode guide rod. When it is necessary to stop, the MCU sends a signal m to tighten the anode guide rod.

[0056] 4. After the height of the anode guide rod 2 is adjusted, the guide rod holder 5 is locked; at this point, one cycle of adjustment is completed.

[0057] The aluminum electrolytic cell anode guide rod current distribution adaptive adjustment system provided by the present invention is fixed at the contact position between the horizontal busbar and the guide rod. In addition to the main body of the mechanism, no other equipment is required to assist. It has the characteristics of small size, modular structure, does not take up too much space, simple structure, is not easy to damage, and is easy to install, maintain and repair.

[0058] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive current distribution adjustment system for anode guide rods of aluminum electrolysis cells, characterized in that: include: horizontal busbar; A plurality of anode guide rods, wherein the plurality of anode guide rods are arranged at intervals on one side of the horizontal busbar; A plurality of height adjustment mechanisms, each of the plurality of height adjustment mechanisms being provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of anode guide rods, and the height adjustment mechanisms being used to drive the anode guide rods toward or away from the horizontal busbar; A plurality of guide rod locking mechanisms, each of which is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of anode guide rods, and the guide rod locking mechanisms are used to lock and fix the relative position of the anode guide rods and the horizontal busbar; A plurality of monitoring units are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of anode guide rods, and the monitoring units are provided on the corresponding anode guide rods; the monitoring units are used to monitor the current distribution of the corresponding anode guide rods in real time; a control unit, the control unit being electrically connected to the height adjustment mechanism, the guide rod locking mechanism, and the monitoring unit; In which, the monitoring unit sends a monitoring signal to the control unit. When it is detected that the current of the corresponding anode guide rod is too large or too small, the control unit controls the guide rod locking mechanism to release the anode guide rod, and the height adjustment mechanism drives the anode guide rod close to or away from the horizontal busbar to adjust the anode guide rod to an appropriate height, and then the guide rod locking mechanism locks and fixes the anode guide rod.

2. The aluminum electrolysis cell anode guide rod current distribution adaptive adjustment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height adjustment mechanism includes a drive motor, a worm gear mechanism, a drive shaft and a roller arranged on the drive shaft, and the roller is provided with external teeth; the output end of the drive motor is drivingly connected to the worm input end of the worm gear mechanism, the worm wheel of the worm gear mechanism is fixedly installed at one end of the drive shaft, and the anode guide rod is provided with a rack that meshes with the external teeth.

3. The aluminum electrolysis cell anode guide rod current distribution adaptive adjustment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving motor is one of a pneumatic motor, a hydraulic motor or an electric motor.

4. The aluminum electrolysis cell anode guide rod current distribution adaptive adjustment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a guide rod adjustment mechanism, which is arranged on the horizontal busbar and cooperates with the anode guide rod to provide a guiding effect on the movement of the anode guide rod.

5. The aluminum electrolysis cell anode guide rod current distribution adaptive adjustment system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide rod adjustment mechanism includes two guide blocks arranged opposite to each other, and the two guide blocks are fixedly mounted on the horizontal busbar via a mounting frame.

6. The aluminum electrolysis cell anode guide rod current distribution adaptive adjustment system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The guide rod locking mechanism includes a guide rod holder, a guide rod holder locking motor and a screw. The guide rod holder is fixedly mounted on the anode guide rod. The guide rod holder locking motor is fixedly mounted on the two guide blocks through a mounting plate. The screw is drive-connected to the guide rod holder locking motor. The guide rod holder is provided with an internal thread that cooperates with the screw.

7. The aluminum electrolysis cell anode guide rod current distribution adaptive adjustment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring unit includes equidistant voltage drop measurement terminals mounted on the anode guide rods, and the equidistant voltage drop measurement terminals are electrically connected to the control unit.

8. The aluminum electrolysis cell anode guide rod current distribution adaptive adjustment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring unit includes a Hall sensor mounted on the anode guide rod, and the Hall sensor is electrically connected to the control unit.

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