System for preparing thorium

Abstract

The invention discloses a system for preparing thorium. The system comprises an exchange device and an electrolysis device, the exchange device comprises a plurality of exchange units and a connecting and driving assembly; the exchange unit comprises an upper fixed part, a lower movable part and a conducting pipe; connecting lugs are arranged on the two sides of the lower movable part respectively; the upper fixed part and the lower movable part form an exchange cavity; the lower movable part can move in the vertical direction relative to the upper fixed part, so that the volume of the exchange cavity is changed; the exchange cavity is arranged to contain resin particles; the electrolysis device comprises an anode and a cathode, the anode comprises an anode upper end shell and an anode lower end shell, and the cathode comprises a cathode upper end cover and a cathode lower end cover. The volume of the exchange cavity of the exchange unit of the system is adjustable, so that thorium ion adsorption and thorium ion elution are facilitated; and the electrolysis area of the electrolysis device is large.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a system for producing thorium. Background Art

[0002] The extraction process for metallic thorium generally includes thorium ore crushing, acid hydrolysis, ion exchange, and electrolysis. Specifically, the thorium ore is crushed into particles of a suitable size, then acid-hydrolyzed in an acid-resistant decomposition tank to form a thorium ore acid hydrolysis liquid. The thorium ore acid hydrolysis liquid is fully contacted with a cationic resin (e.g., Dowex 50) to adsorb thorium ions, and then eluted with dilute hydrochloric acid to obtain a thorium salt solution. The thorium salt solution is dried and dehydrated to obtain a solid thorium salt. The solid thorium salt is heated in an electrolytic tank to convert it into a liquid state, and then electrolysis is performed to obtain metallic thorium.

[0003] CN119776911A discloses an electrolytic cell comprising an electrolytic cell shell, a cover plate, a thermal insulation layer, a bottom insulating layer, an auxiliary heating device, a gas recovery device, a cathode guide rod, an anode guide rod, a consumable cathode, and an anode liner. The effective electrolysis area of the electrolytic cell is relatively small.

[0004] CN222709038U discloses an ion adsorption device, including an adsorption box. A rotating shaft hole is defined in the center of the bottom surface of the adsorption box. An electrode is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom surface of the adsorption box. A pulsator is movably connected to the center of the bottom surface of the adsorption box. A rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom surface of the pulsator. Pulsator teeth are fixedly disposed on the top surface of the pulsator. The rotating shaft passes through the rotating shaft hole and is fixedly connected to a motor. A connector is fixedly disposed on the upper front end of the adsorption box. A motor is fixedly connected to the front of the connector. A connector is fixedly disposed on the upper back end of the adsorption box. The connector is movably connected to one end of the rotating shaft. The connector is penetrated by the other end of the rotating shaft and fixedly connected to the electrode. Ion exchange resin plates are symmetrically fixedly connected to the curved surface of the rotating shaft. A closed door is fixedly attached to the curved surface of the rotating shaft, perpendicularly and symmetrically to the ion exchange resin plates. This device is suitable for ion exchange resin plates, but is not convenient for eluting adsorbed ions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a system for producing thorium. The system comprises an exchange unit with an adjustable exchange chamber volume, facilitating thorium ion adsorption and elution. The electrolysis device has a large electrolysis area. Furthermore, the system achieves high ion exchange efficiency. Furthermore, the electrolysis device has a short interelectrode distance, low cell voltage, and high electrolysis efficiency.

[0006] The present invention provides a system for preparing thorium, comprising an exchange device and an electrolysis device;

[0007] The switching device includes a plurality of switching units and connection and drive components;

[0008] The exchange unit includes an upper fixed part, a lower movable part and a conducting tube;

[0009] Connecting ears are respectively provided on both sides of the lower movable part;

[0010] The upper fixed portion and the lower movable portion form an exchange chamber; the lower movable portion can move in a vertical direction relative to the upper fixed portion, thereby changing the volume of the exchange chamber; the exchange chamber is configured to accommodate resin particles;

[0011] The conducting pipe is in communication with the exchange chamber, and the conducting pipe is configured to discharge the liquid in the exchange chamber out of the exchange chamber;

[0012] Multiple exchange units are arranged in multiple columns; in two adjacent exchange units in the same column, the lower end of the conducting pipe of the upper exchange unit is connected to the upper end of the conducting pipe of the lower exchange unit;

[0013] The connection and drive assembly includes a vertical rod, a transverse rod, a mounting seat and a vertical drive member;

[0014] The vertical rods are inserted into the connecting ears located in the same row and on the same side, and the vertical rods are fixed to the connecting ears;

[0015] The horizontal rod connects two adjacent vertical rods located on the same side of the exchange unit;

[0016] The mounting base is fixedly connected to the upper end of the conducting tube of the uppermost exchange unit in each column; the mounting base is configured to seal the upper end of the conducting tube of the uppermost exchange unit in each column;

[0017] One end of the vertical driving member is connected to the mounting seat, and the other end of the vertical driving member is connected to the transverse rod;

[0018] The electrolysis device includes an anode and a cathode;

[0019] The anode includes an anode upper end shell and an anode lower end shell;

[0020] The anode upper end shell comprises an anode upper end shell body and an anode upper end shell edge; the anode upper end shell body has a top opening and a bottom opening, the diameter of the top opening of the anode upper end shell body is smaller than the diameter of the bottom opening of the anode upper end shell body; the anode upper end shell edge is formed by extending downward from the bottom of the anode upper end shell body;

[0021] The anode lower end shell has a top opening and a bottom opening, the diameter of the top opening of the anode lower end shell is larger than the diameter of the bottom opening of the anode lower end shell; the top of the anode lower end shell is connected to the edge of the anode upper end shell, the bottom of the anode lower end shell is a free end, and the anode lower end shell is provided with an anode conductive hole;

[0022] The anode upper end shell and the anode lower end shell form an anode cavity with upper and lower openings, and a conducting nozzle is provided in the anode cavity; the conducting nozzle is trumpet-shaped and has a large diameter end and a small diameter end; the large diameter end of the conducting nozzle is connected to the anode conducting hole; the conducting nozzle has a communication channel;

[0023] The cathode includes a cathode upper end cover and a cathode lower end cover;

[0024] The cathode upper end cover comprises a cathode upper end cover body and a cathode upper end cover edge; the cathode upper end cover body has a top opening and a bottom opening, the diameter of the top opening of the cathode upper end cover body is smaller than the diameter of the bottom opening of the cathode upper end cover body; the cathode upper end cover edge is formed by extending downward from the bottom of the cathode upper end cover body; the cathode upper end cover is arranged outside the anode upper end shell;

[0025] The cathode lower end cover has a top opening and a bottom opening, and the diameter of the top opening of the cathode lower end cover is larger than the diameter of the bottom opening of the cathode lower end cover; the top of the cathode lower end cover is connected to the edge of the cathode upper end cover, and the bottom of the cathode lower end cover is a free end; the cathode lower end cover is arranged outside the anode lower end shell; the cathode lower end cover and the anode lower end shell do not contact each other, and an electrolysis chamber is formed between the two.

[0026] According to the system of the present invention, preferably, the upper fixing portion comprises an upper fixing seat, an upper connecting sleeve, a fixing sleeve and a first penetration sleeve;

[0027] The upper fixing seat has an upper end surface and a lower end surface that are arranged opposite to each other, and the upper fixing seat is provided with an upper fixing seat through hole;

[0028] The upper connecting sleeve is fixed to the outer edge of the lower end surface of the upper fixing seat; the upper fixing seat and the upper connecting sleeve enclose an upper exchange chamber with an open bottom;

[0029] The fixing sleeve is fixed to the upper end surface of the upper fixing seat, and the fixing sleeve is communicated with the through hole of the upper fixing seat; the fixing sleeve is arranged outside the upper exchange chamber;

[0030] The first permeable sleeve is fixed to the lower end surface of the upper fixing seat, the first permeable sleeve is connected to the through hole of the upper fixing seat, at least a portion of the first permeable sleeve is disposed in the upper exchange chamber; the first permeable sleeve is provided with a through hole;

[0031] The lower movable portion includes a lower movable seat, a lower connecting sleeve, a movable sleeve and a second penetration sleeve;

[0032] The lower movable seat has an upper end surface and a lower end surface that are arranged opposite to each other, and the lower movable seat is provided with a movable seat through hole;

[0033] The lower connecting sleeve is fixed to the outer edge of the upper end surface of the lower movable seat, and the lower movable seat and the lower connecting sleeve enclose a lower exchange chamber with an open top;

[0034] The movable sleeve is fixed to the lower end surface of the lower movable seat, and the movable sleeve is communicated with the through hole of the movable seat; the movable sleeve is arranged outside the lower exchange chamber;

[0035] The second permeable sleeve is fixed to the upper end surface of the lower movable seat, the second permeable sleeve is connected to the through hole of the movable seat, at least a portion of the second permeable sleeve is arranged in the lower exchange chamber; the second permeable sleeve is provided with a through hole;

[0036] At least a portion of the lower connecting sleeve extends into the upper connecting sleeve, and the upper exchange chamber and the lower exchange chamber form an exchange chamber;

[0037] At least a portion of the first permeable sleeve extends into the second permeable sleeve, and the first permeable sleeve and the second permeable sleeve form a permeable cavity; the exchange cavity and the permeable cavity are connected through through holes provided on the first permeable sleeve and the second permeable sleeve.

[0038] According to the system of the present invention, preferably, the exchange unit further comprises a distribution pipe group, the distribution pipe group comprising a liquid distribution pipe, a connecting pipe and a joint pipe;

[0039] The liquid distribution pipe is arranged around the outer periphery of the upper fixing portion;

[0040] The connecting pipe has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other; the first end of the connecting pipe is connected to the liquid distribution pipe, and the second end of the connecting pipe is connected to the exchange chamber;

[0041] The joint pipe has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other. The first end of the joint pipe is connected to the liquid distribution pipe, and the second end of the joint pipe is used to be connected to the liquid inlet pipe group.

[0042] According to the system of the present invention, preferably, the conducting tube comprises a conducting tube body, a first joint and a second joint;

[0043] The conducting tube body has a first end and a second end that are spaced apart from each other; at least a portion of the conducting tube body is inserted through the fixed sleeve, the permeation cavity, and the movable sleeve; the first end of the conducting tube body is flush with the top of the fixed sleeve; and a plurality of liquid conducting holes are provided on the conducting tube body disposed in the permeation cavity.

[0044] The first connector is connected to the first end of the conducting tube body. The first connector is tubular, and the outer diameter of the first connector is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the fixing sleeve. The bottom of the first connector abuts against the top of the fixing sleeve.

[0045] The second connector is connected to the second end of the conducting tube body. The second connector is tubular. The outer diameter of the second connector matches the inner diameter of the first connector or is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the first connector.

[0046] According to the system of the present invention, preferably, the exchange device further comprises a liquid inlet pipe group and a liquid discharge pipe group;

[0047] The liquid inlet pipe group includes a liquid inlet main pipe and a liquid inlet branch pipe;

[0048] The liquid inlet main pipe has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other; the first end of the liquid inlet main pipe is a closed end, and a liquid inlet control main valve is provided near the second end of the liquid inlet main pipe;

[0049] The liquid inlet branch pipe has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other; the first end of the liquid inlet branch pipe is connected to the liquid inlet main pipe, and the second end of the liquid inlet branch pipe is connected to the joint pipe;

[0050] The drainage pipe group includes a drainage main pipe and drainage branch pipes;

[0051] The drainage main pipe has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other; the first end of the drainage main pipe is a closed end, and a drainage control valve is provided near the second end of the drainage main pipe;

[0052] The drainage branch pipe has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other; the first end of the drainage branch pipe is connected to the drainage main pipe, and the second end of the drainage branch pipe is connected to the second connector of the exchange unit located at the bottom end of each column.

[0053] According to the system of the present invention, preferably, the anode further comprises an air guide tube, and the cathode further comprises a transfer tube;

[0054] The air guide tube has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other, and the first end of the air guide tube is connected to the top opening of the anode upper end shell body;

[0055] The transfer tube has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other; the first end of the transfer tube is connected to the top opening of the cathode upper end cover body; and the transfer tube is sleeved on the outer periphery of the air duct.

[0056] According to the system of the present invention, preferably, the conducting nozzle is arranged obliquely upward from the large diameter end to the small diameter end.

[0057] According to the system of the present invention, preferably, a cathode cone is provided on the inner wall of the cathode lower end cover; the bottom surface of the cathode cone is connected to the inner wall of the cathode lower end cover, and at least a portion of the cathode cone is provided in the communication channel.

[0058] According to the system of the present invention, preferably, a flow-turbulating vane is provided on the inner wall of the cathode lower end cover, and the flow-turbulating vane is provided in the electrolysis chamber; the flow-turbulating vane is configured to disturb the molten salt in the electrolysis chamber;

[0059] The cathode is rotatable relative to the anode.

[0060] According to the system of the present invention, preferably, the electrolysis device further comprises a shell and a liner tank;

[0061] The housing comprises a lower housing and an upper end cover;

[0062] The lower shell comprises a lower shell bottom plate and a lower shell side wall, wherein the lower shell bottom plate and the lower shell side wall enclose a lower shell cavity with an upper end opening;

[0063] The upper end cover covers the upper end opening of the lower shell cavity;

[0064] The liner tank body is arranged in the lower shell cavity, and at least a portion of the anode and cathode are arranged in the liner tank body;

[0065] The inner lining trough body includes an inner lining substrate, the lower end surface of the inner lining substrate is in contact with the upper end surface of the lower shell bottom plate; the end portion of the upper end surface of the inner lining substrate is inclined toward the middle, so that the height of the middle portion of the upper end surface of the inner lining substrate is lower than the height of the end portion of the upper end surface of the inner lining substrate.

[0066] The exchange chamber volume of the exchange unit of the present invention is adjustable, which can make the resin particles filled in the exchange chamber tightly filled during the adsorption process, thereby improving the adsorption efficiency of thorium ions; and the resin particles are loosely filled during the elution process, thereby improving the elution efficiency of thorium ions. The exchange device of the present invention is provided with multiple exchange units, which improves the treatment efficiency of thorium ore acid hydrolysis liquid. The electrolysis device of the present invention has a large electrolysis area, which can reduce the probability of the occurrence of local excessive electrolysis. The design of the cathode and anode of the present invention can shorten the electrode distance, reduce the cell voltage, and improve the current efficiency of the electrolytic cell. The inner substrate of the present invention facilitates the collection and full discharge of thorium. The conduction nozzle and cathode cone of the present invention can increase the electrolysis area, which is convenient for introducing the generated gas into the gas duct. The spoiler blade of the present invention disturbs the molten salt in the electrolysis chamber, thereby promoting the mass transfer of thorium ions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0067] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of a system for preparing thorium according to the present invention.

[0068] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a switching device of the present invention.

[0069] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The structural diagram of the switching unit is shown in FIG.

[0070] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The diagram shows a partial structure diagram of the upper fixing part of the exchange unit.

[0071] Figure 5 for Figure 3 The upper fixing portion is shown as a schematic structural diagram viewed from another direction.

[0072] Figure 6 for Figure 3 The diagram shows a partial structure of the lower movable part of the exchange unit.

[0073] Figure 7 for Figure 3 The lower movable part shown is a structural schematic diagram viewed from another direction.

[0074] Figure 8 for Figure 3 The diagram shows a partial structure of the conducting tube of the switching unit.

[0075] Figure 9 for Figure 3 The internal structure diagram of the switching unit is shown.

[0076] Figure 10 It is a structural diagram of the connection and drive components of the switching device of the present invention.

[0077] Figure 11 This is a schematic structural diagram of an electrolysis device of the present invention.

[0078] Figure 12 for Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the partial structure of the cathode and anode shown.

[0079] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of another electrolysis device of the present invention.

[0080] Figure 14 for Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the partial structure of the anode shown.

[0081] Figure 15 for Figure 14 A cross-sectional view of the anode is shown.

[0082] Figure 16 for Figure 13Schematic diagram of the partial structure of the cathode shown.

[0083] Figure 17 for Figure 16 A cross-sectional view of the cathode is shown.

[0084] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0085] 100-acid-resistant decomposition tank; 200-exchange device; 300-vacuum drying device; 400-electrolysis device;

[0086] 201 - Upper fixing portion; 2011 - Upper fixing seat; 2012 - Fixing sleeve; 2013 - First permeation sleeve; 20131 - Permeation portion of first permeation sleeve; 20132 - Connecting portion of first permeation sleeve; 2014 - Upper connecting sleeve; 2141 - Upper exchange chamber; 212 - Distribution pipe assembly; 2121 - Liquid distribution pipe; 2122 - Connecting pipe; 2123 - Connecting pipe; 213 - Conducting pipe; 2131 - Conducting pipe body; 2132 - Liquid guide hole; 2133 - First connector; 2134 - Second connector; 215 - Lower movable portion; 2015 - Lower movable seat; 2018 - Lower connecting sleeve; 2016 - Movable sleeve; 2017 - Second permeation sleeve; 20171 - Permeation portion of second permeation sleeve; 20172 - Connecting portion of second permeation sleeve; 2142 - Lower exchange chamber; 2019 - Connecting ear; 2081 - Vertical rod; 2082 - Transverse rod; 207 - Mounting seat; 209 - Vertical drive member; 202 - Liquid inlet main pipe; 203 - Liquid inlet branch pipe; 204 - Liquid inlet control main valve; 205 - Liquid discharge main pipe; 210 - Liquid discharge branch pipe; 206 - Liquid discharge control valve;

[0087] 401-protective layer; 402-upper end cover; 403-insulating layer; 404-lined tank body; 405-conducting channel; 406-first tube body; 407-second tube body; 408-first control valve; 409-second control valve; 411-anode; 4111-anode upper end shell; 4112-anode lower end shell; 4114-conducting nozzle; 412-air guide pipe; 410-cathode; 4101-cathode upper end cover; 4102-transfer tube; 4103-cathode lower end cover; 4104-turbine vane; 4105-cathode cone; 414-sealing cover; 415-assembly set; 416-transmission gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0088] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0089] The system for producing thorium of the present invention includes an exchange device and an electrolysis device. In certain embodiments, it also includes an acid-resistant decomposition tank and a vacuum drying device. These are described in detail below.

[0090] <Exchange Device>

[0091] The exchange device of the present invention is used for adsorbing thorium ions in thorium ore acid hydrolysis liquid and then eluting them to form a thorium salt solution.

[0092] The exchange device of the present invention comprises a plurality of exchange units and a connection and drive assembly. In certain embodiments, the exchange device further comprises a liquid inlet pipe group and a liquid outlet pipe group.

[0093] Exchange Unit

[0094] The multiple exchange units of the present invention are arranged in multiple columns. In two adjacent exchange units in the same column, the lower end of the conductive tube of the upper exchange unit is connected to the upper end of the conductive tube of the lower exchange unit. Specifically, the second connector of the upper exchange unit in the same column extends into the first connector of the lower exchange unit. This connects the conductive tubes of the two adjacent exchange units.

[0095] The exchange unit of the present invention comprises an upper fixed portion, a lower movable portion and a conducting pipe. In certain embodiments, the exchange unit further comprises a distribution pipe group.

[0096] Upper fixed part and lower movable part

[0097] The upper fixed portion and the lower movable portion of the present invention form an exchange chamber. The lower movable portion can move vertically relative to the upper fixed portion, thereby changing the volume of the exchange chamber. The exchange chamber is configured to accommodate resin particles.

[0098] The upper fixing part of the present invention comprises an upper fixing seat, an upper connecting sleeve, a fixing sleeve and a first penetration sleeve.

[0099] The upper fixing seat of the present invention has an upper end surface and a lower end surface arranged opposite to each other. The upper fixing seat is provided with an upper fixing seat through hole. The upper fixing seat through hole can be arranged in the middle of the upper fixing seat. The upper fixing seat can be in the shape of a round pancake.

[0100] The upper connecting sleeve of the present invention is fixed at the outer edge of the lower end surface of the upper fixing seat. The upper fixing seat and the upper connecting sleeve are enclosed to form an upper exchange chamber with an opening at the bottom.

[0101] The fixing sleeve of the present invention is fixed to the upper end surface of the upper fixing seat, and is connected to the through hole of the upper fixing seat. The fixing sleeve of the present invention is arranged outside the upper exchange chamber. The inner diameter of the fixing sleeve can be substantially equal to the diameter of the through hole of the upper fixing seat.

[0102] The first permeable sleeve of the present invention is fixed to the lower end surface of the upper fixed base and is in communication with the through hole of the upper fixed base. At least a portion of the first permeable sleeve is disposed in the upper exchange chamber. The first permeable sleeve is provided with a through hole. In certain embodiments, the inner diameter of the first permeable sleeve is substantially equal to the diameter of the through hole of the upper fixed base.

[0103] The first permeable sleeve of the present invention may include a first permeable sleeve permeable portion and a first permeable sleeve connecting portion. The first permeable sleeve permeable portion is a mesh structure, and the first permeable sleeve connecting portion is not provided with a through hole. The first permeable sleeve permeable portion and the first permeable sleeve connecting portion are arranged around the axial direction of the first permeable sleeve. The first permeable sleeve permeable portion and the first permeable sleeve connecting portion are arranged alternately.

[0104] The lower movable part of the present invention comprises a lower movable seat, a lower connecting sleeve, a movable sleeve and a second permeable sleeve.

[0105] The lower movable seat of the present invention has an upper end surface and a lower end surface disposed opposite each other. The lower movable seat is provided with a movable seat through hole. The movable seat through hole can be disposed in the middle of the lower movable seat. The lower movable seat can be in a circular shape. Connecting ears can be connected to both sides of the lower movable seat.

[0106] The lower connecting sleeve of the present invention is fixed to the outer edge of the upper end surface of the lower movable seat. The lower movable seat and the lower connecting sleeve together form a lower exchange chamber with an open top. The outer diameter of the lower connecting sleeve can match the inner diameter of the upper connecting sleeve. The central axes of the upper fixed seat, the lower movable seat, the lower connecting sleeve, and the upper connecting sleeve can coincide.

[0107] The movable sleeve of the present invention is fixed to the lower end surface of the lower movable seat and is in communication with the through hole of the movable seat. The movable sleeve is disposed outside the lower exchange chamber. The inner diameter of the movable sleeve can be substantially equal to the diameter of the through hole of the lower movable seat. A sealing ring can be provided on the inner wall of the movable sleeve. Multiple sealing rings can be provided. The multiple sealing rings are spaced apart along the axial direction of the movable sleeve. The sealing ring prevents liquid flowing through the conducting tube from leaking out of the connection between the conducting tube and the movable sleeve.

[0108] The second permeable sleeve of the present invention is fixed to the upper end surface of the lower movable seat. The second permeable sleeve is connected to the through hole of the movable seat. At least a portion of the second permeable sleeve is disposed in the lower exchange chamber. The second permeable sleeve is provided with a through hole. In certain embodiments, the inner diameter of the second permeable sleeve matches the outer diameter of the first permeable sleeve.

[0109] The second permeable sleeve may include a second permeable sleeve permeable portion and a second permeable sleeve connecting portion. The second permeable sleeve permeable portion is a mesh structure. The second permeable sleeve connecting portion is not provided with a through hole. The second permeable sleeve permeable portion and the second permeable sleeve connecting portion are arranged around the axial direction of the second permeable sleeve. The second permeable sleeve permeable portion and the second permeable sleeve connecting portion are arranged alternately.

[0110] At least a portion of the lower connecting sleeve extends into the upper connecting sleeve. The upper exchange chamber and the lower exchange chamber constitute an exchange chamber. The lower movable portion can move in a vertical direction relative to the upper fixed portion, thereby changing the volume of the exchange chamber.

[0111] At least a portion of the first permeable sleeve extends into the second permeable sleeve, and the first and second permeable sleeves form an permeation cavity. The exchange cavity and the permeation cavity are connected via through-holes provided in the first and second permeable sleeves. In some embodiments, the permeation portion of the second permeable sleeve is disposed correspondingly to the permeation portion of the first permeable sleeve. The second permeable sleeve connecting portion is disposed correspondingly to the connecting portion of the first permeable sleeve. This allows the permeation cavity and the exchange cavity to communicate with each other.

[0112] The exchange chamber may be filled with resin particles.

[0113] Conductive tube

[0114] The conducting pipe of the present invention is connected with the exchange chamber and is configured to discharge the liquid in the exchange chamber.

[0115] The conducting tube of the present invention comprises a conducting tube body, a first joint and a second joint.

[0116] The conductive tube body of the present invention has a first end and a second end spaced apart from each other. At least a portion of the conductive tube body is disposed within the fixed sleeve, the permeation cavity, and the movable sleeve. The first end of the conductive tube body is flush with the top of the fixed sleeve. The conductive tube body, disposed within the permeation cavity, is provided with a plurality of liquid conduction holes. The second end of the conductive tube body may be lower than the bottom of the movable sleeve. The outer diameter of the conductive tube body may be substantially equal to the inner diameter of the first permeation sleeve.

[0117] The first connector of the present invention is connected to the first end of the conducting tube body. The first connector is tubular. The outer diameter of the first connector is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the fixing sleeve. The bottom of the first connector abuts against the top of the fixing sleeve.

[0118] The second connector of the present invention is connected to the second end of the conductive tube body. The second connector is tubular. The outer diameter of the second connector matches the inner diameter of the first connector or is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the first connector. The inner diameter of the second connector can be substantially equal to the inner diameter of the conductive tube body.

[0119] Distribution pipe group

[0120] The distribution pipe group of the present invention comprises a liquid distribution pipe, a connecting pipe and a joint pipe.

[0121] The liquid distribution pipe of the present invention is arranged around the outer periphery of the upper fixing part, is arranged at the upper position of the upper fixing part, and can be annular.

[0122] The connecting tube of the present invention has a first end and a second end spaced apart from each other. The first end of the connecting tube is connected to the liquid distribution pipe. The second end of the connecting tube is connected to the exchange chamber. Multiple connecting tubes may be provided. The multiple connecting tubes are evenly arranged along the circumference of the upper fixing seat.

[0123] The joint pipe of the present invention has a first end and a second end spaced apart from each other. The first end of the joint pipe is connected to a liquid distribution pipe. The second end of the joint pipe is connected to a liquid inlet pipe assembly. The joint pipe may be provided with a joint pipe valve. The joint pipe valve is configured to control the flow of thorium ore acid hydrolysis liquid from the liquid inlet pipe assembly to the joint pipe.

[0124] Connection and drive components

[0125] The connection and driving assembly of the present invention comprises a vertical rod, a transverse rod, a mounting seat and a vertical driving member.

[0126] The vertical rods of the present invention are inserted into the connecting ears in the same row and on the same side. The vertical rods are fixed to the connecting ears. The number of the vertical rods is twice the number of rows of the exchange units.

[0127] The transverse rod of the present invention connects two adjacent vertical rods located on the same side of the exchange unit.

[0128] The mounting base of the present invention is fixedly connected to the upper end of the conducting pipe of the uppermost exchange unit in each column and is configured to seal the upper end of the conducting pipe of the uppermost exchange unit in each column.

[0129] One end of the vertical drive member of the present invention is connected to the mounting base, and the other end is connected to the transverse rod. The number of vertical drive members is the same as the number of transverse rods. The vertical drive member can be selected from one or more of a pneumatic cylinder, an electric cylinder, or a hydraulic cylinder. Preferably, the vertical drive member is a pneumatic cylinder.

[0130] Liquid inlet pipe group and liquid discharge pipe group

[0131] The liquid inlet pipe group of the present invention comprises a liquid inlet main pipe and liquid inlet branch pipes.

[0132] The present invention includes a main liquid inlet pipe having a first end and a second end spaced apart from each other. The first end of the main liquid inlet pipe is a closed end. The second end of the main liquid inlet pipe is connected to an external liquid supply device. A main liquid inlet control valve is disposed near the second end of the main liquid inlet pipe. Two adjacent rows of exchange units share the same main liquid inlet pipe.

[0133] The liquid inlet branch pipe of the present invention has a first end and a second end that are spaced apart from each other. The first end of the liquid inlet branch pipe is connected to the liquid inlet main pipe. The second end of the liquid inlet branch pipe is connected to a joint pipe. The number of liquid inlet branch pipes provided on the liquid inlet main pipe is equal to the number of exchange units sharing the liquid inlet main pipe.

[0134] The drainage pipe group of the present invention comprises a drainage main pipe and drainage branch pipes.

[0135] The present invention provides a drainage manifold having a first end and a second end spaced apart from each other. The first end of the drainage manifold is a closed end. The second end of the drainage manifold can be connected to an external liquid collecting device. A drainage control valve is provided near the second end of the drainage manifold.

[0136] The drainage branch pipe of the present invention has a first end and a second end that are separated from each other. The first end of the drainage branch pipe is connected to the drainage main pipe. The second end of the drainage branch pipe is connected to the second connector of the exchange unit located at the bottom end of each column. In some embodiments, the drainage branch pipe includes a drainage branch pipe body and a drainage connector. The drainage branch pipe body has a first end and a second end that are separated from each other. The first end of the drainage branch pipe body is connected to the drainage main pipe. The second end of the drainage branch pipe body is connected to the drainage connector. The outer diameter of the drainage connector is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the drainage branch pipe body. The inner diameter of the drainage connector matches the outer diameter of the second connector. At least a portion of the second connector of the exchange unit located at the bottom end of each column extends into the drainage connector. In this way, the conducting pipe of the exchange unit at the bottom end of each column is connected to the drainage branch pipe.

[0137] <Electrolysis Equipment>

[0138] The electrolysis device of the present invention is used to electrolyze solid thorium salts to produce metallic thorium. The electrolysis device of the present invention includes an anode and a cathode. In certain embodiments, the electrolysis device further includes one or more of a housing, a lined tank, and a rotating and sealing assembly.

[0139] anode

[0140] The anode of the present invention comprises an anode upper end shell and an anode lower end shell. In certain embodiments, the anode further comprises an air guide tube.

[0141] The anode upper end shell comprises an anode upper end shell body and an anode upper end shell edge. The anode upper end shell is arranged in the lower shell cavity.

[0142] The anode upper end shell body has a top opening and a bottom opening. The diameter of the top opening of the anode upper end shell body is smaller than the diameter of the bottom opening of the anode upper end shell body. The anode upper end shell body is trumpet-shaped.

[0143] The edge of the anode upper end shell is formed by extending downward from the bottom of the anode upper end shell body. The edge of the anode upper end shell is tubular.

[0144] The anode lower end shell has a top opening and a bottom opening. The diameter of the top opening of the anode lower end shell is larger than the diameter of the bottom opening of the anode lower end shell. The anode lower end shell is trumpet-shaped. The top of the anode lower end shell is connected to the bottom of the edge of the anode upper end shell. The bottom of the anode lower end shell is a free end. An anode conduction hole is provided on the anode lower end shell. The diameter of the top opening of the anode lower end shell is substantially equal to the diameter of the bottom opening of the anode upper end shell. The anode lower end shell is disposed in the lower shell cavity. The vertical length of the anode lower end shell is larger than the vertical length of the anode upper end shell.

[0145] The anode upper end shell and the anode lower end shell form an anode cavity with upper and lower openings. A conducting nozzle is provided in the anode cavity. The conducting nozzle is trumpet-shaped and has a large diameter end and a small diameter end. The large diameter end of the conducting nozzle is connected to the anode conduction hole. The small diameter end of the conducting nozzle is a free end. Preferably, the conducting nozzle is inclined upward from the large diameter end to the small diameter end. The conducting nozzle has a connecting channel. The connecting channel is trumpet-shaped. The connecting channel starts from the large diameter end of the conducting nozzle and ends at the small diameter end of the conducting nozzle. The large diameter end of the connecting channel is close to the large diameter end of the conducting nozzle, and the small diameter end of the connecting channel is close to the small diameter end of the conducting nozzle. This helps to increase the electrolysis area and facilitates the introduction of gas into the gas duct.

[0146] The air duct has a first end and a second end spaced apart from each other. The first end of the air duct is connected to the top opening of the anode upper end shell body. The second end of the air duct extends from the upper end cover. The second end of the air duct is disposed outside the cavity of the lower shell body. The air duct is configured to discharge gas from the cavity of the lower shell body. A gas valve may be provided on the air duct.

[0147] cathode

[0148] The cathode of the present invention includes a cathode upper end cover and a cathode lower end cover. In certain embodiments, the cathode further includes a transfer tube.

[0149] The cathode upper end cover includes a cathode upper end cover body and a cathode upper end cover edge. The cathode upper end cover is disposed within the lower housing cavity. The cathode upper end cover is disposed outside the anode upper end shell. The cathode upper end cover and the anode upper end shell do not contact each other.

[0150] The cathode upper end cover body has a top opening and a bottom opening. The diameter of the top opening of the cathode upper end cover body is smaller than the diameter of the bottom opening of the cathode upper end cover body. The cathode upper end cover body is trumpet-shaped.

[0151] The edge of the cathode upper end cover is formed by extending downward from the bottom of the cathode upper end cover body. The edge of the cathode upper end cover is tubular.

[0152] The cathode lower end cover is disposed in the lower shell cavity. The cathode lower end cover has a top opening and a bottom opening. The diameter of the top opening of the cathode lower end cover is larger than the diameter of the bottom opening of the cathode lower end cover. The cathode lower end cover is trumpet-shaped. The top of the cathode lower end cover is connected to the bottom of the edge of the cathode upper end cover. The diameter of the top opening of the cathode lower end cover is substantially equal to the diameter of the lower opening of the cathode upper end cover. The bottom of the cathode lower end cover is a free end. The cathode lower end cover is disposed outside the anode lower end shell. The cathode lower end cover and the anode lower end shell do not contact each other, and an electrolysis chamber is formed therebetween.

[0153] In some embodiments, a cathode cone is disposed on the inner wall of the cathode lower end cover. The cathode cone is conical. The bottom surface of the cathode cone is connected to the inner wall of the cathode lower end cover. A portion of the cathode cone is disposed in the communication channel. The pointed end of the cathode cone is disposed in the communication channel. In some embodiments, the pointed end of the cathode cone is substantially flush with the small-diameter end of the conduction nozzle. The cathode cone does not contact the conduction nozzle. This helps increase the electrolysis area.

[0154] In other embodiments, the inner wall of the cathode lower end cover is provided with flow-disturbing vanes. The flow-disturbing vanes are provided in the electrolysis chamber. A plurality of flow-disturbing vanes are provided. The plurality of flow-disturbing vanes are evenly arranged along the circumference of the cathode lower end cover. The flow-disturbing vanes are configured to disturb the molten salt in the electrolysis chamber.

[0155] The length of the cathode lower end cover in the vertical direction is greater than the length of the cathode upper end cover in the vertical direction.

[0156] The adapter tube has a first end and a second end spaced apart from each other. The first end of the adapter tube is connected to the top opening of the cathode upper end cover body. The adapter tube is sleeved around the outer periphery of the air duct. The second end of the adapter tube extends from the upper end cover. The second end of the adapter tube is disposed outside the cavity of the lower housing.

[0157] In some embodiments, the positions of the cathode and the anode are relatively fixed. A sealing block may be provided on the inner wall of the transfer tube. The sealing block is configured to fill the space between the transfer tube and the air duct.

[0158] In other embodiments, the cathode is rotatable relative to the anode.

[0159] case

[0160] The housing of the present invention comprises a lower housing and an upper end cover.

[0161] The lower shell includes a lower shell bottom plate and a lower shell side wall. The lower shell bottom plate and the lower shell side wall enclose a lower shell cavity with an upper end opening. The lower shell side wall may be provided with a lower shell conducting hole.

[0162] The bottom plate of the lower shell can be composed of a heat insulating layer and a protective layer. The side wall of the lower shell can be composed of a heat insulating layer and a protective layer. In the bottom plate of the lower shell and the side wall of the lower shell, the heat insulating layer is attached to the side of the protective layer close to the lower shell cavity.

[0163] The upper end cover covers the upper end opening of the lower shell cavity. The upper end cover is composed of a heat insulation layer and a protective layer. In the upper end cover, the heat insulation layer is attached to the side of the protective layer close to the lower shell cavity.

[0164] Lined tank

[0165] The inner liner tank body of the present invention is arranged in the lower shell cavity, and at least a part of the anode and the cathode are arranged in the inner liner tank body.

[0166] The liner tank includes an inner lining plate. The lower end surface of the inner lining plate abuts against the upper end surface of the lower housing bottom plate. The end portion of the upper end surface of the inner lining plate is tilted toward the middle portion, such that the middle portion of the upper end surface of the inner lining plate is lower than the end portion of the upper end surface of the inner lining plate. A bottom plate via hole may be provided in the middle portion of the inner lining plate.

[0167] The liner tank body also includes a liner sidewall. The outer surface of the liner sidewall is in contact with the inner surface of the lower shell sidewall. The liner sidewall may be provided with a liner through hole. The liner through hole and the lower shell through hole are intersecting.

[0168] A conductive channel can be provided within the inner lining substrate. The conductive channel has a first end and a second end that are spaced apart from each other. The first end of the conductive channel is connected to the base plate conductive hole. The second end of the conductive channel passes through the inner lining conductive hole and the lower shell conductive hole. This facilitates the collection of metallic thorium and facilitates its sufficient discharge.

[0169] The second end of the conductive channel is connected to a first tube. At least a portion of the first tube is disposed outside the cavity of the lower housing. The first tube is configured to discharge the electrolytically generated thorium metal from the electrolysis device. A first control valve is disposed on the first tube. The first control valve can be disposed at an end of the first tube away from the conductive channel. The thorium metal can be drawn out through the first tube by suction.

[0170] A second tube is connected to the portion of the first tube located outside the lower shell cavity. The second tube is configured to transport molten salt. A second control valve may be provided on the second tube. The second control valve may be located at an end of the second tube remote from the first tube. The lower shell cavity can be evacuated via the air duct, allowing the molten salt to flow through the second tube and the conducting channel into the inner liner tank.

[0171] Rotating and sealing components

[0172] The rotating and sealing assembly of the present invention comprises a bearing, a sealing cover, an assembly sleeve and a transmission gear. The rotating and sealing assembly of the present invention can make the cathode rotate relative to the anode.

[0173] The bearing is arranged between the air guide tube and the transfer tube, and is preferably a ceramic bearing.

[0174] The sealing cover is installed at the upper end of the transfer tube and is arranged around the air guide tube.

[0175] The assembling sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the air guide tube and is connected with the upper end of the sealing cover.

[0176] The transmission gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the assembling sleeve.

[0177] The transmission gear drives the assembly set to rotate, the assembly set drives the sealing cover to rotate, and the sealing cover drives the cathode to rotate, thereby causing the cathode to rotate relative to the anode.

[0178] <Acid-resistant decomposition tank and vacuum drying device>

[0179] The acid-resistant decomposition tank of the present invention is configured to acid-decompose the crushed thorium ore to form a thorium ore acid-decomposition liquid.

[0180] The vacuum drying device of the present invention is configured to dry and dehydrate a thorium salt solution to obtain a solid thorium salt.

[0181] Example 1

[0182] like Figure 1 As shown, the system for preparing thorium in this embodiment includes an acid-resistant decomposition tank 100 , an exchange device 200 , a vacuum drying device 300 and an electrolysis device 400 .

[0183] The acid-resistant decomposition tank 100 is used to acid-decompose the crushed thorium ore to form a thorium ore acid-decomposition liquid.

[0184] The exchange device 200 is used to adsorb thorium ions in the thorium ore acid hydrolysis liquid and then elute them to form a thorium salt solution.

[0185] The vacuum drying device 300 is used to dry and dehydrate the thorium salt solution to obtain solid thorium salt.

[0186] The electrolysis device 400 is used to electrolyze solid thorium salt to obtain metallic thorium.

[0187] like Figure 2 As shown, the exchange device 200 includes a plurality of exchange units, a connection and drive assembly, a liquid inlet pipe group, and a liquid discharge pipe group.

[0188] like Figure 3 As shown, the exchange unit includes an upper fixed portion 201 , a distribution pipe group 212 , a lower movable portion 215 and a conducting pipe 213 .

[0189] like Figure 4-5 As shown in Figure 9 , the upper fixing portion 201 includes an upper fixing seat 2011 , an upper connecting sleeve 2014 , a fixing sleeve 2012 and a first penetration sleeve 2013 .

[0190] The upper fixing seat 2011 has an upper end face and a lower end face that are arranged opposite to each other. An upper fixing seat through hole is provided in the middle of the upper fixing seat 2011. In this embodiment, the upper fixing seat 2011 is in the shape of a round cake.

[0191] The upper connecting sleeve 2014 is fixed to the outer edge of the lower end surface of the upper fixing seat 2011. The upper fixing seat 2011 and the upper connecting sleeve 2014 enclose and form an upper exchange chamber 2141 with an opening at the bottom.

[0192] The fixing sleeve 2012 is fixed to the upper end surface of the upper fixing seat 2011. The fixing sleeve 2012 is connected to the through hole of the upper fixing seat. The fixing sleeve 2012 is arranged outside the upper exchange chamber 2141. The inner diameter of the fixing sleeve 2012 is substantially equal to the diameter of the through hole of the upper fixing seat.

[0193] The first permeable sleeve 2013 is fixed to the lower end surface of the upper fixed seat 2011. The first permeable sleeve 2013 is connected to the through hole of the upper fixed seat. At least a portion of the first permeable sleeve 2013 is disposed in the upper exchange chamber 2141. The inner diameter of the first permeable sleeve 2013 is substantially equal to the diameter of the through hole of the upper fixed seat. The first permeable sleeve 2013 includes a first permeable sleeve permeable portion 20131 and a first permeable sleeve connecting portion 20132. The first permeable sleeve permeable portion 20131 has a mesh structure. The first permeable sleeve connecting portion 20132 is not provided with a through hole. The first permeable sleeve permeable portion 20131 and the first permeable sleeve connecting portion 20132 are arranged axially around the first permeable sleeve 2013, and the first permeable sleeve permeable portion 20131 and the first permeable sleeve connecting portion 20132 are alternately disposed.

[0194] The distribution pipe assembly 212 includes a liquid distribution pipe 2121 , a connecting pipe 2122 and a joint pipe 2123 .

[0195] The liquid distributing pipe 2121 is arranged around the outer circumference of the upper fixing portion 201. The liquid distributing pipe 2121 is arranged at an upper position of the upper fixing portion 201. In this embodiment, the liquid distributing pipe 2121 is annular.

[0196] The connecting tube 2122 has a first end and a second end that are spaced apart from each other. The first end of the connecting tube 2122 is connected to the liquid distribution tube 2121. The second end of the connecting tube 2122 is connected to the upper exchange chamber 2141. A plurality of connecting tubes 2122 are provided, and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the upper fixing seat 2011.

[0197] Connector pipe 2123 has a first end and a second end spaced apart from each other. The first end of connector pipe 2123 is connected to liquid distribution pipe 2121, and the second end of connector pipe 2123 is connected to the liquid inlet pipe assembly. Connector pipe 2123 is provided with a connector valve. The connector valve is used to control the flow of thorium ore acid hydrolysis liquid from the liquid inlet pipe assembly to connector pipe 2123.

[0198] like Figure 6-7 As shown in Figure 9 , the lower movable portion 215 includes a lower movable seat 2015 , a lower connecting sleeve 2018 , a movable sleeve 2016 and a second permeable sleeve 2017 .

[0199] The lower movable seat 2015 has an upper end face and a lower end face that are arranged opposite to each other. A movable seat through hole is provided in the middle of the lower movable seat 2015. Connecting ears 2019 are respectively connected to both sides of the lower movable seat 2015. In this embodiment, the lower movable seat 2015 is in the shape of a round cake.

[0200] The lower connecting sleeve 2018 is fixed to the outer edge of the upper end surface of the lower movable seat 2015. The lower movable seat 2015 and the lower connecting sleeve 2018 are enclosed to form a lower exchange chamber 2142 with an open top.

[0201] At least a portion of the lower connecting sleeve 2018 extends into the upper connecting sleeve 2014. The outer diameter of the lower connecting sleeve 2018 matches the inner diameter of the upper connecting sleeve 2014. The upper exchange chamber 2141 and the lower exchange chamber 2142 form an exchange chamber. The central axes of the upper fixed seat 2011, the lower movable seat 2015, the lower connecting sleeve 2018, and the upper connecting sleeve 2014 coincide with each other.

[0202] The movable sleeve 2016 is fixed to the lower end surface of the lower movable seat 2015. The movable sleeve 2016 is connected to the movable seat through hole. The movable sleeve 2016 is disposed outside the lower exchange chamber 2142. The inner diameter of the movable sleeve 2016 is substantially equal to the diameter of the movable seat through hole. Multiple sealing rings are disposed axially along the inner wall of the movable sleeve 2016. These sealing rings prevent liquid flowing through the conducting tube 213 from leaking out of the connection between the conducting tube 213 and the movable sleeve 2016.

[0203] The second permeable sleeve 2017 is fixed to the upper end surface of the lower movable seat 2015. The second permeable sleeve 2017 is connected to the through hole of the movable seat. At least a portion of the second permeable sleeve 2017 is disposed in the lower exchange chamber 2142. The inner diameter of the second permeable sleeve 2017 matches the outer diameter of the first permeable sleeve 2013. The second permeable sleeve 2017 includes a second permeable sleeve permeable portion 20171 and a second permeable sleeve connecting portion 20172. The second permeable sleeve permeable portion 20171 has a mesh structure. The second permeable sleeve connecting portion 20172 is not provided with a through hole. The second permeable sleeve permeable portion 20171 and the second permeable sleeve connecting portion 20172 are arranged around the axial direction of the second permeable sleeve 2017, and the second permeable sleeve permeable portion 20171 and the second permeable sleeve connecting portion 20172 are alternately disposed.

[0204] At least a portion of the first permeable sleeve 2013 extends into the second permeable sleeve 2017 , and the first permeable sleeve 2013 and the second permeable sleeve 2017 form a permeable cavity.

[0205] The second permeation sleeve permeation portion 20172 is disposed correspondingly to the first permeation sleeve permeation portion 20132. The second permeation sleeve connection portion 20171 is disposed correspondingly to the first permeation sleeve connection portion 20131. This allows the permeation chamber to communicate with the exchange chamber.

[0206] The exchange chamber is filled with resin particles.

[0207] like Figure 8-9 As shown, the conducting tube 213 includes a conducting tube body 2131 , a first joint 2133 and a second joint 2134 .

[0208] The conducting tube body 2131 has a first end and a second end that are spaced apart from each other. At least a portion of the conducting tube body 2131 is disposed within the fixed sleeve 2012, the osmotic chamber, and the movable sleeve 2016. The first end of the conducting tube body 2131 is flush with the top of the fixed sleeve 2012. The second end of the conducting tube body 2131 is lower than the bottom of the movable sleeve 2016. The conducting tube body 2131, located in the osmotic chamber, is provided with a plurality of liquid conducting holes 2132. The outer diameter of the conducting tube body 2131 is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the first osmotic sleeve 2013.

[0209] The first connector 2133 is connected to the first end of the conducting tube body 2131. The first connector 2133 is tubular. The outer diameter of the first connector 2133 is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the fixing sleeve 2012. The bottom of the first connector 2133 abuts against the top of the fixing sleeve 2012.

[0210] The second connector 2134 is connected to the second end of the conductive tube body 2131. The second connector 2134 is tubular. The outer diameter of the second connector 2134 matches the inner diameter of the first connector 2133, or is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the first connector 2133. The inner diameter of the second connector 2134 is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the conductive tube body 2131.

[0211] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, eight switching units are provided. The eight switching units are arranged in two columns, with four switching units in each column. Between two adjacent switching units in the same column, the second connector 2134 of the upper switching unit extends into the first connector 2133 of the lower switching unit. This connects the conductive tubes 213 of the two adjacent switching units.

[0212] like Figure 10 As shown, the connection and drive assembly includes a vertical rod 2081, a transverse rod 2082, a mounting seat 207 and a vertical drive member 209.

[0213] The vertical rods 2081 are arranged in the same row and on the same side of the connecting ears 2019 and are fixed to the connecting ears 2019. In this embodiment, there are 4 vertical rods 2081.

[0214] The transverse rod 2082 connects two adjacent vertical rods 2081 on the same side of the exchange unit. In this embodiment, two transverse rods 2082 are provided.

[0215] The mounting base 207 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the conducting tube 213 of the uppermost switching unit in each column. The mounting base 207 is used to seal the upper end of the conducting tube 213 of the uppermost switching unit in each column.

[0216] One end of the vertical drive member 209 is connected to the mounting base 207, and the other end of the vertical drive member 209 is connected to the transverse rod 2082. The number of the vertical drive members 209 is the same as the number of the transverse rods 2082. The vertical drive member 209 is preferably a cylinder.

[0217] like Figure 2 As shown, the liquid inlet pipe group includes a liquid inlet main pipe 202 and a liquid inlet branch pipe 203.

[0218] The liquid inlet manifold 202 has a first end and a second end that are spaced apart from each other. The first end of the liquid inlet manifold 202 is closed. The second end of the liquid inlet manifold 202 is connected to an external liquid supply device. A liquid inlet control main valve 204 is disposed near the second end of the liquid inlet manifold 202. Two adjacent rows of exchange units share a single liquid inlet manifold 202. In this embodiment, only one liquid inlet manifold 202 is provided.

[0219] The liquid inlet branch pipe 203 has a first end and a second end that are spaced apart from each other. The first end of the liquid inlet branch pipe 203 is connected to the liquid inlet main pipe 202. The second end of the liquid inlet branch pipe 203 is connected to the joint pipe 2123. The number of liquid inlet branch pipes 203 provided on the liquid inlet main pipe 202 is the same as the number of exchange units sharing the liquid inlet main pipe 202.

[0220] The drainage pipe group includes a drainage main pipe 205 and drainage branch pipes 210 .

[0221] The drainage manifold 205 has a first end and a second end that are spaced apart from each other. The first end of the drainage manifold 205 is a closed end. The second end of the drainage manifold 205 can be connected to an external liquid collection device. A drainage control valve 206 is provided near the second end of the drainage manifold 205.

[0222] The drainage branch pipe 210 includes a drainage branch pipe body and a drainage connector. The drainage branch pipe body has a first end and a second end that are spaced apart from each other. The first end of the drainage branch pipe body is connected to the drainage main pipe 205. The second end of the drainage branch pipe body is connected to the drainage connector. The outer diameter of the drainage connector is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the drainage branch pipe body. The inner diameter of the drainage connector matches the outer diameter of the second connector 2134. At least a portion of the second connector 2134 of the exchange unit at the bottom of each column extends into the drainage connector, thereby connecting the conduction pipe 213 of the exchange unit at the bottom of each column to the drainage branch pipe 210.

[0223] During operation, the vertical drive member 209 is driven to move the transverse rod 2082 upward. Transverse rod 2082 drives vertical rod 2081 upward, which in turn drives lower movable portion 215 upward, reducing the volume of the exchange chamber and tightly filling it with resin particles. The main liquid inlet control valve 204 is opened, and the thorium ore acid hydrolysis liquid enters the exchange chamber through the main liquid inlet pipe 202, the liquid inlet branch pipe 203, the joint pipe 2123, the liquid distribution pipe 2121, and the connecting pipe 2122. The tightly packed resin particles in the exchange chamber fully absorb the thorium ions in the thorium ore acid hydrolysis liquid. The absorbed liquid enters the permeation chamber and enters the conduction pipe 213 through the liquid guide hole 2132. The liquid in the conduction pipe 213 of the exchange units in the same row moves downward, enters the main liquid discharge pipe 205 through the liquid discharge branch pipe 210, and exits the exchange device.

[0224] The vertical drive member 209 is driven to move the transverse rod 2082 downward. Transverse rod 2082 drives vertical rod 2081 downward, which in turn drives lower movable portion 215 downward, expanding the volume of the exchange chamber and loosely filling the resin particles within. The main liquid inlet control valve 204 is opened, and the acid solution enters the exchange chamber through the main liquid inlet pipe 202, the liquid inlet branch pipe 203, the joint pipe 2123, the liquid distribution pipe 2121, and the connecting pipe 2122. The acid solution elutes the thorium ions adsorbed on the resin particles, forming an eluent. The eluent enters the permeation chamber and enters the conduction pipe 213 through the liquid guide hole 2132. The liquid in the conduction pipe 213 of the exchange units in the same column moves downward and enters the main liquid discharge pipe 205 through the liquid discharge branch pipe 210. The eluent collected in the drainage main pipe 205 is transported to the inlet main pipe 202, and then enters the exchange chamber again through the inlet branch pipe 203, the joint pipe 2123, the liquid distribution pipe 2121 and the connecting pipe 2122 to elute the thorium ions adsorbed on the resin particles. The elution is repeated multiple times.

[0225] like Figure 11 As described above, the electrolysis device 400 of this embodiment includes a shell, an anode 411 , a cathode 410 and a liner tank 404 .

[0226] The housing includes a lower housing and an upper end cover 402 .

[0227] The lower shell includes a bottom plate and side walls. Together, they form a lower shell cavity with an open top. The side walls are provided with lower shell conduction holes. The bottom plate comprises a thermal insulation layer 403 and a protective layer 401. The side walls also comprise a thermal insulation layer 403 and a protective layer 401. Of the bottom plate and side walls, the thermal insulation layer 403 adheres to the side of the protective layer 401 closest to the lower shell cavity.

[0228] The upper end cover 402 covers the upper end opening of the lower shell cavity. The upper end cover 402 is composed of a heat insulation layer 403 and a protective layer 401. In the upper end cover 402, the heat insulation layer 403 is attached to the side of the protective layer 401 close to the lower shell cavity.

[0229] like Figure 12 As shown, the anode 411 includes an anode upper end shell 4111 , an anode lower end shell 4112 and an air guide tube 412 .

[0230] The anode upper end shell 4111 is disposed within the lower shell cavity. It includes an anode upper end shell body and an anode upper end shell rim. The anode upper end shell body has a top opening and a bottom opening. The diameter of the top opening of the anode upper end shell body is smaller than the diameter of the bottom opening of the anode upper end shell body. The anode upper end shell body is trumpet-shaped. The anode upper end shell rim is formed by extending downward from the bottom of the anode upper end shell body. The anode upper end shell rim is tubular.

[0231] The anode lower end shell 4112 is arranged in the lower shell cavity. The anode lower end shell 4112 has a top opening and a bottom opening. The diameter of the top opening of the anode lower end shell 4112 is larger than the diameter of the bottom opening of the anode lower end shell 4112. The anode lower end shell 4112 is trumpet-shaped. The top of the anode lower end shell 4112 is connected to the bottom of the edge of the anode upper end shell. The diameter of the top opening of the anode lower end shell 4112 is substantially equal to the diameter of the lower opening of the anode upper end shell 4111. The bottom of the anode lower end shell 4112 is a free end. An anode conduction hole is provided on the anode lower end shell 4112. The length of the anode lower end shell 4112 in the vertical direction is larger than the length of the anode upper end shell 4111 in the vertical direction.

[0232] The anode upper shell 4111 and the anode lower shell 4112 form an anode cavity with upper and lower openings. A conducting nozzle 4114 is disposed within the anode cavity. The conducting nozzle 4114 is trumpet-shaped, having a large-diameter end and a small-diameter end. The large-diameter end of the conducting nozzle 4114 is connected to the anode conduction hole. The small-diameter end of the conducting nozzle 4114 is a free end. The conducting nozzle 4114 is arranged to tilt upward from the large-diameter end to the small-diameter end. The conducting nozzle 4114 has a communication channel. The communication channel begins at the large-diameter end of the conducting nozzle 4114 and ends at the small-diameter end. The communication channel is trumpet-shaped.

[0233] Gas duct 412 has a first end and a second end spaced apart from each other. The first end of gas duct 412 is connected to the top opening of the anode upper end housing. The second end of gas duct 412 extends from upper end cover 402. The second end of gas duct 412 is disposed outside the lower housing cavity. Gas duct 412 is used to discharge gas from the lower housing cavity. A gas duct control valve may be provided on gas duct 412.

[0234] The cathode 410 includes a cathode upper end cover 4101 , a cathode lower end cover 4103 and a transfer tube 4102 .

[0235] The cathode upper end cover 4101 is disposed in the lower shell cavity. The cathode upper end cover 4101 includes a cathode upper end cover body and a cathode upper end cover edge. The cathode upper end cover body has a top opening and a bottom opening. The diameter of the top opening of the cathode upper end cover body is smaller than the diameter of the bottom opening of the cathode upper end cover body. The cathode upper end cover body is trumpet-shaped. The cathode upper end cover edge is formed by extending downward from the bottom of the cathode upper end cover body. The cathode upper end cover edge is tubular. The cathode upper end cover 4101 is disposed on the outside of the anode upper end shell 4111, and the two do not contact each other.

[0236] The cathode lower end cover 4103 is disposed in the lower shell cavity. The cathode lower end cover 4103 has a top opening and a bottom opening. The diameter of the top opening of the cathode lower end cover 4103 is larger than the diameter of the bottom opening of the cathode lower end cover 4103. The cathode lower end cover 4103 is trumpet-shaped. The top of the cathode lower end cover 4103 is connected to the bottom of the edge of the cathode upper end cover. The diameter of the top opening of the cathode lower end cover 4103 is substantially equal to the diameter of the bottom opening of the cathode upper end cover 4101. The bottom of the cathode lower end cover 4103 is a free end. The cathode lower end cover 4103 is disposed outside the anode lower end shell 4112, and the two do not contact each other. An electrolysis chamber is formed between the cathode lower end cover 4103 and the anode lower end shell 4112.

[0237] The length of the cathode lower end cover 4103 in the vertical direction is greater than the length of the cathode upper end cover 4101 in the vertical direction.

[0238] A cathode cone 4105 is disposed on the inner wall of the cathode lower end cover 4103. Cathode cone 4105 is conical in shape. Its bottom surface is connected to the inner wall of the cathode lower end cover 4103. A portion of cathode cone 4105 is disposed within the communication channel. The pointed end of cathode cone 4105 is disposed within the communication channel and is substantially flush with the smaller diameter end of the conduction nozzle 4114. Cathode cone 4105 does not contact conduction nozzle 4114.

[0239] Transfer tube 4102 has a first end and a second end spaced apart from each other. The first end of transfer tube 4102 is connected to the top opening of the cathode upper end cover body. The second end of transfer tube 4102 extends from upper end cover 402. The second end of transfer tube 4102 is disposed outside the lower housing cavity. Transfer tube 4102 is sleeved around the outer periphery of gas duct 412. A sealing block is disposed on the inner wall of transfer tube 4102. The sealing block is configured to fill the space between transfer tube 4102 and gas duct 412.

[0240] like Figure 11 As shown, the liner tank body 404 is disposed in the lower shell cavity. At least a portion of the cathode 410 and anode 411 are disposed in the liner tank body 404. The liner tank body 404 includes an inner base plate and an inner liner sidewall. The lower end surface of the inner base plate is aligned with the upper end surface of the lower shell bottom plate. The outer surface of the inner liner sidewall is aligned with the inner surface of the lower shell sidewall. The inner liner sidewall is provided with an inner liner conduction hole. The inner liner conduction hole and the lower shell conduction hole are interconnected. The end of the upper end surface of the inner base plate is tilted toward the middle, so that the middle of the upper end surface of the inner base plate is lower than the height of the end of the upper end surface of the inner base plate. The bottom plate conduction hole is provided in the middle of the inner base plate. A conduction channel 405 is provided in the inner base plate. The conduction channel 405 has a first end and a second end that are spaced apart from each other. The first end of the conduction channel 405 is connected to the bottom plate conduction hole. The second end of the conductive channel 405 is penetrated through the liner conductive hole and the lower shell conductive hole.

[0241] The second end of the conductive channel 405 is connected to a first tube 406. At least a portion of the first tube 406 is disposed outside the lower housing cavity. The first tube 406 is used to discharge the electrolyzed thorium metal from the electrolysis device 400. A first control valve 408 is disposed on the first tube 406. The first control valve 408 is located at the end of the first tube 406 away from the conductive channel 405.

[0242] The portion of the first tube 406 outside the lower shell cavity is connected to a second tube 407. The second tube 407 is used to transport molten salt. A second control valve 409 is provided on the second tube 407. The second control valve 409 is provided at the end of the second tube 407 away from the first tube 406.

[0243] Example 2

[0244] The system for preparing thorium in this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1 except that the electrolysis device 400 is different from that in embodiment 1.

[0245] like Figure 13 As shown, the electrolysis device 400 includes a housing, an anode 411, a cathode 410, a liner tank 404, and a rotating and sealing assembly.

[0246] The housing includes a lower housing and an upper end cover 402 .

[0247] The lower shell includes a bottom plate and side walls. Together, they form a lower shell cavity with an open top. The side walls are provided with lower shell conduction holes. The bottom plate comprises a thermal insulation layer 403 and a protective layer 401. The side walls also comprise a thermal insulation layer 403 and a protective layer 401. Of the bottom plate and side walls, the thermal insulation layer 403 adheres to the side of the protective layer 401 closest to the lower shell cavity.

[0248] The upper end cover 402 covers the upper end opening of the lower shell cavity. The upper end cover 402 is composed of a heat insulation layer 403 and a protective layer 401. In the upper end cover 402, the heat insulation layer 403 is attached to the side of the protective layer 401 close to the lower shell cavity.

[0249] like Figure 14-15 As shown, the anode 411 includes an anode upper end shell 4111 , an anode lower end shell 4112 and an air guide tube 412 .

[0250] The anode upper end shell 4111 is disposed within the lower shell cavity. It includes an anode upper end shell body and an anode upper end shell rim. The anode upper end shell body has a top opening and a bottom opening. The diameter of the top opening of the anode upper end shell body is smaller than the diameter of the bottom opening of the anode upper end shell body. The anode upper end shell body is trumpet-shaped. The anode upper end shell rim is formed by extending downward from the bottom of the anode upper end shell body. The anode upper end shell rim is tubular.

[0251] The anode lower end shell 4112 is arranged in the lower shell cavity. The anode lower end shell 4112 has a top opening and a bottom opening. The diameter of the top opening of the anode lower end shell 4112 is larger than the diameter of the bottom opening of the anode lower end shell 4112. The anode lower end shell 4112 is trumpet-shaped. The top of the anode lower end shell 4112 is connected to the bottom of the edge of the anode upper end shell. The diameter of the top opening of the anode lower end shell 4112 is substantially equal to the diameter of the lower opening of the anode upper end shell 4111. The bottom of the anode lower end shell 4112 is a free end. An anode conduction hole is provided on the anode lower end shell 4112. The length of the anode lower end shell 4112 in the vertical direction is larger than the length of the anode upper end shell 4111 in the vertical direction.

[0252] The anode upper shell 4111 and the anode lower shell 4112 form an anode cavity with upper and lower openings. A conducting nozzle 4114 is disposed within the anode cavity. The conducting nozzle 4114 is trumpet-shaped, having a large-diameter end and a small-diameter end. The large-diameter end of the conducting nozzle 4114 is connected to the anode conduction hole. The small-diameter end of the conducting nozzle 4114 is a free end. The conducting nozzle 4114 is arranged to tilt upward from the large-diameter end to the small-diameter end. The conducting nozzle 4114 has a communication channel. The communication channel begins at the large-diameter end of the conducting nozzle 4114 and ends at the small-diameter end. The communication channel is trumpet-shaped.

[0253] Gas duct 412 has a first end and a second end spaced apart from each other. The first end of gas duct 412 is connected to the top opening of the anode upper end housing. The second end of gas duct 412 extends from upper end cover 402. The second end of gas duct 412 is disposed outside the lower housing cavity. Gas duct 412 is used to discharge gas from the lower housing cavity. A gas duct control valve may be provided on gas duct 412.

[0254] like Figure 16-17 As shown, the cathode 410 includes a cathode upper end cover 4101 , a cathode lower end cover 4103 and a transfer tube 4102 .

[0255] The cathode upper end cover 4101 is disposed in the lower shell cavity. The cathode upper end cover 4101 includes a cathode upper end cover body and a cathode upper end cover edge. The cathode upper end cover body has a top opening and a bottom opening. The diameter of the top opening of the cathode upper end cover body is smaller than the diameter of the bottom opening of the cathode upper end cover body. The cathode upper end cover body is trumpet-shaped. The cathode upper end cover edge is formed by extending downward from the bottom of the cathode upper end cover body. The cathode upper end cover edge is tubular. The cathode upper end cover 4101 is disposed on the outside of the anode upper end shell 4111, and the two do not contact each other.

[0256] The cathode lower end cover 4103 is disposed in the lower shell cavity. The cathode lower end cover 4103 has a top opening and a bottom opening. The diameter of the top opening of the cathode lower end cover 4103 is larger than the diameter of the bottom opening of the cathode lower end cover 4103. The cathode lower end cover 4103 is trumpet-shaped. The top of the cathode lower end cover 4103 is connected to the bottom of the edge of the cathode upper end cover. The diameter of the top opening of the cathode lower end cover 4103 is substantially equal to the diameter of the bottom opening of the cathode upper end cover 4101. The bottom of the cathode lower end cover 4103 is a free end. The cathode lower end cover 4103 is disposed outside the anode lower end shell 4112, and the two do not contact each other. An electrolysis chamber is formed between the cathode lower end cover 4103 and the anode lower end shell 4112.

[0257] Disturbing vanes 4104 are provided on the inner wall of the cathode lower end cover 4103. Disturbing vanes 4104 are located in the electrolysis chamber. Multiple disturbing vanes 4104 are provided. Disturbing vanes 4104 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the cathode lower end cover 4103. Disturbing vanes 4104 are used to disturb the molten salt in the electrolysis chamber.

[0258] The length of the cathode lower end cover 4103 in the vertical direction is greater than the length of the cathode upper end cover 4101 in the vertical direction.

[0259] The transfer tube 4102 has a first end and a second end that are spaced apart from each other. The first end of the transfer tube 4102 is connected to the top opening of the cathode upper end cover body. The second end of the transfer tube 4102 extends from the upper end cover 402. The second end of the transfer tube 4102 is disposed outside the lower housing cavity. The transfer tube 4102 is sleeved around the outer periphery of the air guide tube 412.

[0260] like Figure 13 As shown, the rotating and sealing assembly includes a bearing, a sealing cover 414 , a mounting sleeve 415 and a transmission gear 416 .

[0261] The bearing is provided between the air guide tube 412 and the transfer tube 4102. The bearing is preferably a ceramic bearing.

[0262] The sealing cover 414 is mounted on the upper end of the transfer tube 4102. The sealing cover 414 is disposed around the air guide tube 412.

[0263] The assembly sleeve 415 is rotatably mounted on the outer periphery of the air guide tube 412 and is connected to the upper end of the sealing cover 414 .

[0264] The transmission gear 416 is fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the assembly sleeve 415 .

[0265] The liner tank body 404 is disposed within the outer shell cavity. At least a portion of the cathode 410 and anode 411 are disposed within the liner tank body 404. The liner tank body 404 includes an inner base plate and an inner liner sidewall. The lower end surface of the inner base plate abuts the upper end surface of the lower shell bottom plate. The outer surface of the inner liner sidewall abuts the inner surface of the lower shell sidewall. The inner liner sidewall is provided with an inner liner conduction hole. The inner liner conduction hole and the lower shell conduction hole are interconnected. The end of the upper end surface of the inner base plate is tilted toward the middle, such that the middle portion of the upper end surface of the inner base plate is lower than the height of the end portion of the upper end surface of the inner base plate. The bottom plate conduction hole is provided in the middle portion of the inner base plate. A conduction channel 405 is provided within the inner base plate. The conduction channel 405 has a first end and a second end that are spaced apart from each other. The first end of the conduction channel 405 is connected to the bottom plate conduction hole. The second end of the conductive channel 405 is penetrated through the liner conductive hole and the lower shell conductive hole.

[0266] The second end of the conductive channel 405 is connected to a first tube 406. At least a portion of the first tube 406 is disposed outside the lower housing cavity. The first tube 406 is used to discharge the electrolyzed thorium metal from the electrolysis device 400. A first control valve 408 is disposed on the first tube 406. The first control valve 408 is located at the end of the first tube 406 away from the conductive channel 405.

[0267] The portion of the first tube 406 outside the lower shell cavity is connected to a second tube 407. The second tube 407 is used to transport molten salt. A second control valve 409 is provided on the second tube 407. The second control valve 409 is provided at the end of the second tube 407 away from the first tube 406.

[0268] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Any modification, improvement, or substitution that can be conceived by those skilled in the art without departing from the essential content of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for preparing thorium, characterized in that: including an exchange unit and an electrolysis unit; The switching device includes a plurality of switching units and connection and drive components; The exchange unit includes an upper fixed part, a lower movable part and a conducting tube; Connecting ears are respectively provided on both sides of the lower movable part; The upper fixed portion and the lower movable portion form an exchange chamber; the lower movable portion can move in a vertical direction relative to the upper fixed portion, thereby changing the volume of the exchange chamber; the exchange chamber is configured to accommodate resin particles; The conducting pipe is in communication with the exchange chamber, and the conducting pipe is configured to discharge the liquid in the exchange chamber out of the exchange chamber; Multiple exchange units are arranged in multiple columns; in two adjacent exchange units in the same column, the lower end of the conducting pipe of the upper exchange unit is connected to the upper end of the conducting pipe of the lower exchange unit; The connection and drive assembly includes a vertical rod, a transverse rod, a mounting seat and a vertical drive member; The vertical rods are inserted into the connecting ears located in the same row and on the same side, and the vertical rods are fixed to the connecting ears; The horizontal rod connects two adjacent vertical rods located on the same side of the exchange unit; The mounting base is fixedly connected to the upper end of the conducting tube of the uppermost exchange unit in each column; the mounting base is configured to seal the upper end of the conducting tube of the uppermost exchange unit in each column; One end of the vertical driving member is connected to the mounting seat, and the other end of the vertical driving member is connected to the transverse rod; The electrolysis device includes an anode and a cathode; The anode includes an anode upper end shell and an anode lower end shell; The anode upper end shell comprises an anode upper end shell body and an anode upper end shell edge; the anode upper end shell body has a top opening and a bottom opening, the diameter of the top opening of the anode upper end shell body is smaller than the diameter of the bottom opening of the anode upper end shell body; the anode upper end shell edge is formed by extending downward from the bottom of the anode upper end shell body; The anode lower end shell has a top opening and a bottom opening, the diameter of the top opening of the anode lower end shell is larger than the diameter of the bottom opening of the anode lower end shell; the top of the anode lower end shell is connected to the edge of the anode upper end shell, the bottom of the anode lower end shell is a free end, and the anode lower end shell is provided with an anode conductive hole; The anode upper end shell and the anode lower end shell form an anode cavity with upper and lower openings, and a conducting nozzle is provided in the anode cavity; the conducting nozzle is trumpet-shaped and has a large diameter end and a small diameter end; the large diameter end of the conducting nozzle is connected to the anode conducting hole; the conducting nozzle has a communication channel; The cathode includes a cathode upper end cover and a cathode lower end cover; The cathode upper end cover comprises a cathode upper end cover body and a cathode upper end cover edge; the cathode upper end cover body has a top opening and a bottom opening, the diameter of the top opening of the cathode upper end cover body is smaller than the diameter of the bottom opening of the cathode upper end cover body; the cathode upper end cover edge is formed by extending downward from the bottom of the cathode upper end cover body; the cathode upper end cover is arranged outside the anode upper end shell; The cathode lower end cover has a top opening and a bottom opening, and the diameter of the top opening of the cathode lower end cover is larger than the diameter of the bottom opening of the cathode lower end cover; the top of the cathode lower end cover is connected to the edge of the cathode upper end cover, and the bottom of the cathode lower end cover is a free end; the cathode lower end cover is arranged outside the anode lower end shell; the cathode lower end cover and the anode lower end shell do not contact each other, and an electrolysis chamber is formed between the two.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The upper fixing portion includes an upper fixing seat, an upper connecting sleeve, a fixing sleeve and a first penetration sleeve; The upper fixing seat has an upper end surface and a lower end surface that are arranged opposite to each other, and the upper fixing seat is provided with an upper fixing seat through hole; The upper connecting sleeve is fixed to the outer edge of the lower end surface of the upper fixing seat; the upper fixing seat and the upper connecting sleeve enclose an upper exchange chamber with an open bottom; The fixing sleeve is fixed to the upper end surface of the upper fixing seat, and the fixing sleeve is communicated with the through hole of the upper fixing seat; the fixing sleeve is arranged outside the upper exchange chamber; The first permeable sleeve is fixed to the lower end surface of the upper fixing seat, the first permeable sleeve is connected to the through hole of the upper fixing seat, at least a portion of the first permeable sleeve is disposed in the upper exchange chamber; the first permeable sleeve is provided with a through hole; The lower movable portion includes a lower movable seat, a lower connecting sleeve, a movable sleeve and a second penetration sleeve; The lower movable seat has an upper end surface and a lower end surface that are arranged opposite to each other, and the lower movable seat is provided with a movable seat through hole; The lower connecting sleeve is fixed to the outer edge of the upper end surface of the lower movable seat, and the lower movable seat and the lower connecting sleeve enclose a lower exchange chamber with an open top; The movable sleeve is fixed to the lower end surface of the lower movable seat, and the movable sleeve is communicated with the through hole of the movable seat; the movable sleeve is arranged outside the lower exchange chamber; The second permeable sleeve is fixed to the upper end surface of the lower movable seat, the second permeable sleeve is connected to the through hole of the movable seat, at least a portion of the second permeable sleeve is arranged in the lower exchange chamber; the second permeable sleeve is provided with a through hole; At least a portion of the lower connecting sleeve extends into the upper connecting sleeve, and the upper exchange chamber and the lower exchange chamber form an exchange chamber; At least a portion of the first permeable sleeve extends into the second permeable sleeve, and the first permeable sleeve and the second permeable sleeve form a permeable cavity; the exchange cavity and the permeable cavity are connected through through holes provided on the first permeable sleeve and the second permeable sleeve.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The exchange unit further comprises a distribution pipe group, which comprises a liquid distribution pipe, a connecting pipe and a joint pipe; The liquid distribution pipe is arranged around the outer periphery of the upper fixing portion; The connecting pipe has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other; the first end of the connecting pipe is connected to the liquid distribution pipe, and the second end of the connecting pipe is connected to the exchange chamber; The joint pipe has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other. The first end of the joint pipe is connected to the liquid distribution pipe, and the second end of the joint pipe is used to be connected to the liquid inlet pipe group.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The conducting pipe comprises a conducting pipe body, a first joint and a second joint; The conducting tube body has a first end and a second end that are spaced apart from each other; at least a portion of the conducting tube body is inserted through the fixed sleeve, the permeation cavity, and the movable sleeve; the first end of the conducting tube body is flush with the top of the fixed sleeve; and a plurality of liquid conducting holes are provided on the conducting tube body disposed in the permeation cavity. The first connector is connected to the first end of the conducting tube body. The first connector is tubular, and the outer diameter of the first connector is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the fixing sleeve. The bottom of the first connector abuts against the top of the fixing sleeve. The second connector is connected to the second end of the conducting tube body. The second connector is tubular. The outer diameter of the second connector matches the inner diameter of the first connector or is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the first connector.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that The exchange device also includes a liquid inlet pipe group and a liquid discharge pipe group; The liquid inlet pipe group includes a liquid inlet main pipe and a liquid inlet branch pipe; The liquid inlet main pipe has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other; the first end of the liquid inlet main pipe is a closed end, and a liquid inlet control main valve is provided near the second end of the liquid inlet main pipe; The liquid inlet branch pipe has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other; the first end of the liquid inlet branch pipe is connected to the liquid inlet main pipe, and the second end of the liquid inlet branch pipe is connected to the joint pipe; The drainage pipe group includes a drainage main pipe and drainage branch pipes; The drainage main pipe has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other; the first end of the drainage main pipe is a closed end, and a drainage control valve is provided near the second end of the drainage main pipe; The drainage branch pipe has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other; the first end of the drainage branch pipe is connected to the drainage main pipe, and the second end of the drainage branch pipe is connected to the second connector of the exchange unit located at the bottom end of each column.

6. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The anode further includes an air guide tube, and the cathode further includes a transfer tube; The air guide tube has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other, and the first end of the air guide tube is connected to the top opening of the anode upper end shell body; The transfer tube has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other; the first end of the transfer tube is connected to the top opening of the cathode upper end cover body; and the transfer tube is sleeved on the outer periphery of the air duct.

7. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The conducting nozzle is arranged obliquely upward from the large diameter end to the small diameter end.

8. The system according to claim 1, wherein: A cathode cone is provided on the inner wall of the cathode lower end cover; the bottom surface of the cathode cone is connected to the inner wall of the cathode lower end cover, and at least a portion of the cathode cone is provided in the communicating channel.

9. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The inner wall of the cathode lower end cover is provided with a flow-turbulating vane, and the flow-turbulating vane is arranged in the electrolysis chamber; the flow-turbulating vane is arranged to disturb the molten salt in the electrolysis chamber; The cathode is rotatable relative to the anode.

10. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The electrolysis device also includes a shell and a liner tank; The housing comprises a lower housing and an upper end cover; The lower shell comprises a lower shell bottom plate and a lower shell side wall, wherein the lower shell bottom plate and the lower shell side wall enclose a lower shell cavity with an upper end opening; The upper end cover covers the upper end opening of the lower shell cavity; The liner tank body is arranged in the lower shell cavity, and at least a portion of the anode and cathode are arranged in the liner tank body; The inner lining trough body includes an inner lining substrate, the lower end surface of the inner lining substrate is in contact with the upper end surface of the lower shell bottom plate; the end portion of the upper end surface of the inner lining substrate is inclined toward the middle, so that the height of the middle portion of the upper end surface of the inner lining substrate is lower than the height of the end portion of the upper end surface of the inner lining substrate.

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