Reserved horizontal hole plugging structure and construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a reserved horizontal hole plugging structure and a construction method.The reserved horizontal hole plugging structure comprises a horizontal hole formed in a floor base body in a pouring mode, a bracket base body integrally poured with the floor base body is arranged at the lower end of the hole, the bearing face of the bracket base body extends out of the edge of the hole to support a prefabricated cover plate, and anchor bolts are arranged on the bearing face; the prefabricated cover plate is provided with a matched pouring hole, a pouring gap is formed between the cover plate and the edge of a hole opening and is filled with concrete filler and expansion filler, a leveling concrete cushion layer is arranged between the bearing face and the cover plate, and specific structures and construction method steps of components such as the corbel base body are further introduced. According to the construction method, the effects that the reserved horizontal hole is effectively blocked, the structural stability is guaranteed, the waterproof performance is good, and the construction efficiency and quality are improved through the reasonable structural design and the construction method are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of building construction, and in particular to a reserved horizontal opening blocking structure and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of construction engineering, with the acceleration of urbanization and the continuous expansion of building scale, the construction of basement main structures is increasing. The construction of basements involves many complex links, among which the hoisting of equipment and materials, the installation of tower cranes and construction elevators are crucial. In order to ensure the smooth progress of these tasks, it has become a common and necessary practice to reserve horizontal construction openings during the construction of basement floor slabs. This method of reserving openings facilitates the efficient progress of construction, can improve construction efficiency and reduce construction difficulty, and thus to a certain extent promotes the development of the construction industry. Moreover, with the continuous advancement of construction technology, the treatment of these reserved openings has gradually received more attention. It is related to the stability and safety of the entire basement structure and the realization of subsequent use functions.

[0003] In previous construction projects, the conventional method for sealing horizontal openings involved a series of steps, including formwork, rebar tying, and concrete pouring. Formwork requires the construction of a specific formwork structure to ensure the desired shape and size when the concrete is poured. Rebar tying enhances the strength and stability of the structure by arranging and securing the rebar according to specific rules. Finally, concrete pouring is the key step in forming the final closed structure, involving pouring concrete into the formwork and curing it until it solidifies. These steps are widely used in construction and are a traditional method for sealing horizontal openings, achieving considerable success in many projects.

[0004] However, these existing conventional practices have many significant drawbacks. For example, construction quality is difficult to control, as it involves multiple stages, and the accuracy and quality of each stage will affect the final sealing effect. Construction costs are high, including significant expenditures on formwork materials, reinforcement materials, and labor costs. The appearance is not aesthetically pleasing, and the closed opening may have uneven surfaces after construction. The process is cumbersome, requiring multiple steps to be completed in sequence, increasing the workload of construction personnel and the difficulty of construction management. Furthermore, the construction period is long, especially the time required for concrete curing, which can delay subsequent construction processes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the present application provides a reserved horizontal opening sealing structure and construction method, which uses a corbel base to support a prefabricated cover plate to seal the horizontal opening, avoiding the tedious processes of rust removal, straightening, and binding of steel bars in the later stage. The construction quality is easier to control, and the reserved opening position is more beautiful and safe.

[0006] This application is achieved through the following technical solutions: A reserved horizontal hole sealing structure comprises a horizontal hole formed in the middle of a floor slab base by casting and a precast cover plate for sealing the horizontal hole, wherein the lower end of the horizontal hole is provided with a corbel base cast integrally with the floor slab base; the bearing surface of the corbel base extends beyond the edge of the horizontal hole to support the precast cover plate, and vertically arranged anchor bolts are provided on the bearing surface of the corbel base; casting holes adapted to the anchor bolts are provided on the precast cover plate, and a casting gap is provided between the precast cover plate and the edge of the horizontal hole; the casting holes are filled with concrete filler; the casting gap is filled with expansion filler; a leveling concrete pad is provided between the bearing surface of the corbel base and the precast cover plate.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, prefabricated cover plates are used to seal horizontal openings instead of cast-in-place concrete, eliminating the processes of frame erection, formwork pouring concrete, and maintenance. The next construction process can be carried out without waiting for the concrete to reach the designed strength, which speeds up the construction speed and saves construction period. The use of corbel base instead of plate surface steel bar stripping avoids the tedious processes of steel bar rust removal, straightening, and binding in the later stage, making the construction quality easier to control and the reserved opening position more beautiful and safer. The bearing surface of the corbel base extends out of the edge of the horizontal opening to support the prefabricated cover plate, thereby improving the stability of the prefabricated cover plate installation. The anchor bolts are matched with the casting holes and filled with concrete fillers, the casting gaps are filled with expansion fillers, and a leveling concrete cushion is set, thereby enhancing the stability of the connection between the prefabricated cover plate and the horizontal opening.

[0008] Optionally, the horizontal opening is a rectangular structure, and the corbel base includes a transverse corbel base and a longitudinal corbel base. The embedded structural steel bars in the transverse corbel base are connected to the embedded structural steel bars in the existing longitudinal main beam of the floor slab base, and the embedded structural steel bars in the longitudinal corbel base are connected to the embedded structural steel bars in the transverse corbel base.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, it is clear that the horizontal opening is a rectangular structure and the corbel base is composed of transverse and longitudinal corbel bases, making the structural arrangement of the corbel base clearer and more reasonable; the embedded structural steel bars of the transverse corbel base are connected with the embedded structural steel bars of the existing longitudinal main beam of the floor slab base, and the strong load capacity of the embedded structural steel bars of the main beam can be used to provide reliable support for the embedded structural steel bars of the corbel base, thereby enhancing the connection stability between the corbel base and the floor slab base. On this basis, the embedded structural steel bars of the longitudinal corbel base only need to be connected with the embedded structural steel bars of the transverse corbel base, which reduces the construction difficulty while ensuring the stability and safety of the entire reserved horizontal opening blocking structure, and also helps to better disperse and transfer the load to ensure the reliability of the structure.

[0010] Optionally, a leveling fixing frame is pre-embedded in the corbel base, the anchor bolts are arranged on the leveling fixing frame, and the horizontal structural steel bars pre-embedded in the floor slab base are connected through the leveling fixing frame at the reserved horizontal opening.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the strength and stability of the overall structure of the floor slab matrix are significantly improved. Specifically, in traditional construction, due to the horizontal opening in the middle of the floor slab matrix, the horizontal structural steel bars in the floor slab matrix lack an effective transition, so that the steel bars around the horizontal opening cannot form a continuous and efficient force-bearing system. When the structure is subjected to tension, pressure or shear force, stress concentration is likely to occur between the steel bars, resulting in local damage, which in turn affects the strength of the entire structure. The leveling fixing frame acts as a connecting hub, organically connecting the horizontal structural steel bars in all directions to form a unified whole. When subjected to force, the steel bars can work together to jointly bear the external force, which is effective. It effectively disperses stress, avoids damage to the structure caused by stress concentration, and thus significantly improves the strength and stability of the structure. In particular, when subjected to seismic forces, the structure can better coordinate deformation, absorb and dissipate seismic energy, reduce the degree of structural damage, and ensure the safety of personnel and property. The use of a leveling fixing frame eliminates the need for the steel structure of the corbel base to be connected to the existing main beam structure of the floor slab base. The steel structure support in the floor slab base alone can provide good bearing capacity, making the corbel base and the floor slab base complement each other structurally, further improving the strength of the entire structure. It should be pointed out that the leveling fixing frame provides a reference surface for the installation of anchor bolts, which can make the anchor bolt position more stable and accurate.

[0012] Further optionally, an adjustment support plate is threadedly connected to the anchor bolt.

[0013] By adopting the above technical scheme, the reserved horizontal hole sealing structure includes a horizontal hole, a prefabricated cover plate, a corbel base, an anchor bolt, etc. The horizontal hole is formed on the floor slab base by casting, the corbel base and the floor slab base are cast as one body, and the bearing surface extends out of the edge of the horizontal hole to support the prefabricated cover plate, and an anchor bolt is arranged on the bearing surface. The prefabricated cover plate has a casting hole adapted to the anchor bolt and a casting gap with the edge of the horizontal hole, which are filled with concrete filler and expansion filler respectively, and there is a leveling concrete cushion layer between the two. On this basis, the threaded connection adjustment support plate on the anchor bolt can realize flexible adjustment of the support height and horizontality of the prefabricated cover plate, making the installation of the prefabricated cover plate more accurate and stable, thereby ensuring the quality and stability of the horizontal hole sealing, reducing problems caused by uneven installation or unstable support, and improving the reliability of the entire sealing structure; the edge of the adjustment support plate can be provided with a wire drawing groove to facilitate the later adjustment of the support plates by pulling diagonals for leveling.

[0014] Further optionally, the frame cross-section of the leveling and fixing frame is T-shaped, including a vertically arranged anchoring plate and a bearing plate horizontally arranged on the front of the anchoring plate; the anchoring portion is provided with a plurality of first anchoring holes compatible with the embedded structural steel bars in the floor slab substrate; the back of the anchoring plate is evenly distributed with a plurality of vertically arranged reinforcing plates, and the reinforcing plates are evenly distributed with second anchoring holes for passing through the floor slab substrate and the embedded structural steel bars of the corbel substrate; the bearing plate is connected to the middle part of the anchoring plate, and a slurry retaining portion is provided at the end of the upper end of the bearing plate away from the anchoring plate, and a groove compatible with the slurry retaining portion is provided on the prefabricated cover plate; the anchor bolt is fixed on the bearing plate.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the leveling fixed frame is set to T The anchor plate and the bearing plate are provided with a first anchor hole which can be adapted and connected with the pre-embedded structural steel bars of the floor slab base, thereby improving the connection stability between the leveling fixing frame and the floor slab base; a reinforcing plate is provided on the back of the anchor plate and the second anchor holes are evenly distributed, which is convenient for the pre-embedded structural steel bars of the floor slab base and the corbel base to pass through, which can provide support for the leveling fixing frame in both the horizontal and vertical directions, thereby further enhancing the connection stability and strength of the steel structure of the floor slab base at the reserved horizontal opening; the middle part of the bearing plate is connected to the anchor plate and the upper end is provided with a slurry retaining part, and the prefabricated cover plate is provided with an adaptive groove to prevent the slurry from overflowing during pouring and ensure the construction quality; the anchor bolts are fixed on the bearing plate for easy coordination and fixation with the prefabricated cover plate, ensuring that the prefabricated cover plate is firmly installed. At the same time, the pre-embedded structural steel bars in the floor slab base are connected and the corbel base is used to support the prefabricated cover plate, thereby effectively sealing the horizontal opening, avoiding steel bar falling, reducing the tedious processes in the later stage, improving construction quality control, speeding up construction speed and saving construction period.

[0016] Further optionally, a support plate is provided between the lower end of the bearing plate and the anchoring plate, and a third anchoring hole for the corbel base pre-embedded structural steel bars to pass through is provided on the support plate.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, a support plate is set up and a third anchor hole is opened on it, so that the pre-embedded structural steel bars of the corbel base can pass through the support plate, thereby enhancing the stability of the connection between the leveling fixing frame and the corbel base, and preventing the poured concrete at the lower end of the load-bearing plate from falling due to lack of supporting force, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the entire reserved horizontal hole sealing structure.

[0018] Further optionally, the horizontal hole is a circular structure, the anchoring plate is a rectangular structure arranged on the outer edge of the bearing plate, the bearing plate is provided with a through hole adapted to the horizontal hole, and the support plate and anchor bolts are distributed circumferentially around the horizontal hole.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, for circular horizontal openings, the rectangular anchoring plate is arranged on the outer edge of the bearing plate, and cooperates with the through holes on the bearing plate that are compatible with the horizontal openings, which can better adapt to the shape characteristics of the circular openings; the support plates and anchor bolts are evenly distributed around the horizontal openings, so that the prefabricated cover plates can obtain uniform and stable support and connection, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the entire sealing structure.

[0020] Further optionally, the embedded structural steel bars in the floor slab base are provided with external threads at the end close to the leveling fixing frame, and a locking nut is threadedly connected to the external thread. The embedded structural steel bars in the floor slab base are anchored to the leveling fixing frame through the locking nut.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the external thread of the embedded structural steel bars in the floor slab base is matched with the locking nut to achieve anchoring with the leveling fixing frame, which can enhance the stability of the connection between the floor slab base and the leveling fixing frame in the horizontal opening sealing structure and improve the overall structural stability and safety.

[0022] Optionally, a rubber sealing layer is provided on the bearing surface of the corbel base; a waterproof layer is coated on the casting gap and the casting hole, and a waterproof roll layer is laid on the waterproof layer.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, a rubber sealing layer is set on the bearing surface of the corbel base, a waterproof layer is coated in the casting gap and casting hole, and a waterproof membrane is laid, so that the prefabricated cover plate and the corbel can be fitted more closely, avoiding water seepage in horizontal openings, especially horizontal openings in outdoor or water-related areas.

[0024] A construction method based on any of the above-mentioned reserved horizontal opening blocking structures specifically comprises the following steps: Step 1: Set the location and size of the reserved horizontal opening according to the design and construction requirements; Step 2: Lay out and locate the reserved horizontal opening at the construction site; Step 3: Reserve the horizontal opening steel construction, including steel bar binding, corbel production, anchor bolt embedding and concrete pouring; Step 4: Production, maintenance and storage of prefabricated cover plates; Step 5: Clean and level the bearing surface of the corbel base; Step 6: Prefabricated cover hoisting, construction and sealing; Step seven: sealing the gaps.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the construction quality is easier to control, and the location of the reserved opening is more beautiful and safer; the processes of scaffolding, formwork pouring, concrete, and maintenance are eliminated, and the next process can be carried out without waiting for the concrete to reach the designed strength, which speeds up the construction speed and saves construction time.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This application uses a corbel base to support the prefabricated cover plate to seal the horizontal opening, avoiding the tedious processes of steel bar derusting, straightening, and tying in the later stage. The construction quality is easier to control, and the reserved opening position is more beautiful and safe. 2. This application uses prefabricated cover plates instead of cast-in-place concrete to seal horizontal openings, eliminating the steps of frame erection, formwork pouring, and curing. The next step can be carried out without waiting for the concrete to reach the designed strength, thus speeding up construction and saving construction time. 3. This application provides a rubber sealing layer between the corbel base bearing surface and the prefabricated cover plate, applies a waterproof layer in the pouring gap and pouring hole, and lays a waterproof membrane to make the prefabricated cover plate fit more closely with the corbel to avoid water seepage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the reserved horizontal opening blocking structure described in Example 1; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the corbel base in Example 1; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the reserved horizontal hole blocking structure described in Example 1; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of the waterproof layer and waterproof membrane described in Example 1; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the top view of the leveling fixing frame described in Example 2; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the leveling and fixing frame described in Example 2; Figure 7 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the reserved horizontal hole blocking structure described in Example 2; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the leveling fixing frame in the second embodiment, in which the horizontal opening is reserved in a circular structure; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the leveling fixing frame with a circular structure and a reserved horizontal opening in the second embodiment; In the figure: 1. Floor slab base; 11. Transverse floor slab reinforcement; 12. Longitudinal floor slab reinforcement; 2. Corbel base; 21. Transverse corbel base; 22. Longitudinal corbel base; 23. Transverse corbel reinforcement; 24. Longitudinal corbel reinforcement; 25. Anchor bolt; 251. Adjustment support plate; 26. Leveling fixing frame; 261. Anchor plate; 2611. First anchor hole; 2612. Slurry retaining part; 262. Bearing plate; 263. Reinforcement plate; 2631. Second anchor hole; 27. Support plate; 271. Third anchor hole; 28. Locking nut; 3. Main beam; 4. Horizontal opening; 5. Prefabricated cover plate; 51. Casting hole; 52. Concrete filler; 6. Casting gap; 61. Expansion filler; 7. Leveling concrete cushion; 8. Rubber sealing layer; 9. Waterproof layer; 10. Waterproof membrane layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] Example 1 Reference Figures 1 to 3 The embodiment of the present application discloses a reserved horizontal hole blocking structure, comprising a horizontal hole 4 formed on a floor slab base 1 by casting and a precast cover plate 5 for blocking the horizontal hole 4, the lower end of the horizontal hole 4 is provided with a corbel base 2 cast integrally with the floor slab base 1; the bearing surface of the corbel base 2 extends beyond the edge of the horizontal hole 4 to support the precast cover plate 5, and vertically arranged anchor bolts 25 are provided on the bearing surface of the corbel base 2; a casting hole 51 adapted to the anchor bolt 25 is provided on the precast cover plate 5, and a casting gap 6 is provided between the precast cover plate 5 and the edge of the horizontal hole 4; the casting hole 51 is filled with concrete filler 52, and the concrete filler 52 is generally made of High-strength fine stone concrete is filled in the casting hole 51, and after solidification, the anchor bolt 25 can be tightly combined with the precast cover plate 5; the casting gap 6 is filled with expansion filler 61, which has expansion properties. Filling the casting gap 6 can prevent moisture penetration and enhance the sealing of the structure; a leveling concrete cushion layer 7 is provided between the bearing surface of the corbel base 2 and the precast cover plate 5; such a structural setting enables the precast cover plate 5 to be stably installed at the horizontal opening 4, supported by the corbel base 2, positioned by the anchor bolt 25, and then filled with concrete filler 52 and expansion filler 61, thereby ensuring the integrity and sealing of the structure and effectively improving the quality and stability of the sealing.

[0030] Specifically, refer to Figures 1 to 3The horizontal opening 4 is reserved through the casting process during the construction of the floor slab base 1. Its shape and size are determined according to actual construction requirements. The floor slab base 1 is generally made of structural steel bars and concrete. The structural steel bars play a role in enhancing the structural strength. Among them, the structural steel bars of the floor slab base 1 include transverse floor slab reinforcement 11 and longitudinal floor slab reinforcement 12. The transverse floor slab reinforcement 11 and the longitudinal floor slab reinforcement 12 are connected to the structural steel bars of the main beam 3.

[0031] Reference Figures 2 to 3 The reserved horizontal opening 4 is a rectangular structure, and the corbel base 2 includes a transverse corbel base 21 and a longitudinal corbel base 22 arranged in parallel. The embedded structural steel bars in the transverse corbel base 21 are connected to the embedded structural steel bars in the existing longitudinal main beam 3 of the floor slab base 1, and the embedded structural steel bars in the longitudinal corbel base 22 are connected to the embedded structural steel bars in the transverse corbel base 21. Specifically, the embedded structural steel bars in the corbel base 2 include transverse corbel reinforcement 23 and longitudinal corbel reinforcement 24. The transverse corbel reinforcement 23 in the transverse corbel base 21 is connected to the embedded structural steel bars in the existing longitudinal main beam 3 The embedded structural steel bars are connected, and the longitudinal corbel reinforcement 24 in the longitudinal corbel base 22 is connected with the transverse corbel reinforcement 23 in the transverse corbel base 21; this connection method allows the corbel base 2 and the floor slab base 1 to form a stable whole, which can better bear the weight of the prefabricated cover plate 5; welding or mechanical connection can be used during connection to ensure the connection strength between the steel bars; the corbel base 2 is cast integrally with the floor slab base 1, and its function is to provide reliable support for the prefabricated cover plate 5. The bearing surface of the corbel base 2 exceeds the edge of the horizontal opening 4 and can support the prefabricated cover plate 5.

[0032] Reference Figure 3 The anchor bolts 25 are arranged vertically on the bearing surface of the corbel base 2 and can be welded to the embedded structural steel bars in the corbel base 2. The anchor bolts 25 can be made of metal, such as stainless steel or carbon steel, which has high strength and corrosion resistance. When installing the anchor bolts 25, their verticality and position accuracy must be ensured to ensure that they can be accurately inserted into the casting holes 51 of the prefabricated cover plate 5 to position and anchor the prefabricated cover plate 5.

[0033] Reference Figure 3 The prefabricated cover plate 5 is prefabricated, and its reinforcement and thickness are adjusted according to different plate thicknesses and requirements; the casting holes 51 on the prefabricated cover plate 5 are for cooperating with the anchor bolts 25, and at the same time, the concrete filler 52 is filled after the installation is completed, so that the prefabricated cover plate 5 and the corbel base 2 are connected into a whole; the surface of the prefabricated cover plate 5 can be leveled to ensure the fit with the horizontal opening 4; it should be pointed out that in order to improve the flatness between the prefabricated cover plate 5 and the floor slab base 1, before the horizontal opening 4 is sealed, a leveling concrete pad 7 can be laid on the bearing surface of the corbel base 2 according to the height of the bearing surface of the corbel base 2 from the top of the floor slab base 1 and the thickness of the prefabricated cover plate 5.

[0034] Reference Figures 3 and 4 The prefabricated cover plate 5 that has been completed can be filled with an expansion filler 61 in the casting gap 6. The expansion filler 61 is a concrete slurry with an expansion agent added, and the casting hole 51 is filled with a concrete filler 52. It should be pointed out that in order to further enhance the waterproof performance of the connection part and prevent moisture from penetrating into the floor slab substrate 1, the casting gap 6 and the casting hole 51 are coated with a waterproof layer 9, and a waterproof membrane layer 10 is laid on the waterproof layer 9.

[0035] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: the reserved horizontal opening 4 sealing structure forms a stable, sealed, and waterproof overall structure through the support of the precast cover plate 5 by the corbel base 2, the positioning and connection of the anchor bolts 25, the filling of the concrete filler 52 and the expansion filler 61, the connection of various steel bars, and the installation of the leveling fixing frame 26. Compared with the traditional sealing method of supporting formwork, tying steel bars, and pouring concrete, this method reduces construction steps, improves construction quality, reduces construction costs, and shortens the construction period. Furthermore, the provision of the rubber sealing layer 8 and waterproof layer 9 enhances the waterproof performance of the structure, making it suitable for sealing horizontal openings 4 of various shapes.

[0036] Example 2 Reference Figures 5 to 7 The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that a leveling fixing frame 26 is pre-embedded in the corbel base 2, the anchor bolts 25 are set on the leveling fixing frame 26, and the horizontal structural steel bars pre-embedded in the floor slab base 1 are connected at the reserved horizontal opening 4 through the leveling fixing frame 26.

[0037] Specifically, refer to Figures 5 to 7 The cross-section of the frame of the leveling and fixing frame 26 is a T-shaped structure, including a vertically arranged anchoring plate 261 and a bearing plate 262 horizontally arranged on the front of the anchoring plate 261; a plurality of first anchoring holes 2611 are provided on the anchoring portion, which are compatible with the embedded structural steel bars in the floor slab substrate 1; a plurality of vertically arranged reinforcing plates 263 are evenly distributed on the back of the anchoring plate 261, and second anchoring holes 2631 for passing through the embedded structural steel bars of the floor slab substrate 1 and the corbel substrate 2 are evenly distributed on the reinforcing plates 263; the bearing plate 262 is connected to the middle part of the anchoring plate 261, and a slurry retaining portion 2612 is provided on the end of the upper end of the bearing plate 262 away from the anchoring plate 261, and a groove compatible with the slurry retaining portion 2612 is provided on the prefabricated cover plate 5.

[0038] Reference Figure 7The anchor bolts 25 are fixed on the bearing plate 262. This structural design makes the connection between the leveling fixing frame 26 and the floor base 1 and the corbel base 2 more secure, and the adjusting support piece 251 is threadedly connected to the anchor bolts 25. The actual bearing surface height of the corbel can be adjusted on site according to the thickness of the prefabricated cover plate 5. After the adjustment is completed, the prefabricated cover plate 5 is covered, and concrete can be poured from the pouring hole 51 to provide a leveling concrete pad 7 between the bearing surface of the corbel base 2 and the prefabricated cover plate 5; at the same time, the cooperation of the slurry retaining part 2612 and the groove can prevent the concrete filler 52 from overflowing.

[0039] Reference Figure 7 A support plate 27 is provided between the lower end of the bearing plate 262 and the anchoring plate 261, and a third anchoring hole 271 is provided on the support plate 27 for the pre-embedded structural steel bars of the corbel base 2 to pass through; the support plate 27 further enhances the structural strength of the leveling fixing frame 26 and ensures the stability of the anchor bolt 25.

[0040] Reference Figure 7 The embedded structural steel bars in the floor slab base 1 are provided with external threads at the end close to the leveling fixing frame 26, and a locking nut 28 is threadedly connected to the external threads. The embedded structural steel bars in the floor slab base 1 are anchored to the leveling fixing frame 26 through the locking nut 28; this anchoring method makes the connection between the steel bars and the leveling fixing frame 26 more reliable, thereby improving the overall stability of the structure.

[0041] It should be pointed out that, referring to Figures 8 and 9 In the structure of the leveling fixing frame 26 of this embodiment, the horizontal opening 4 can be a circular structure, and a through hole adapted to the horizontal opening 4 is provided on the bearing plate 262. While increasing the strength of the steel structure, the adaptability of the horizontal opening 4 is enhanced to facilitate flexible adjustment and placement of the equipment.

[0042] The implementation principle of this embodiment is: the leveling fixing frame 26 acts as a connecting hub, organically connecting the horizontal structural steel bars in various directions to form a unified whole. When subjected to stress, the steel bars can work together to jointly bear the external force, effectively disperse the stress, and avoid the damage to the structure caused by stress concentration, thereby significantly improving the strength and stability of the structure. In particular, when subjected to seismic force, the structure can better coordinate deformation, absorb and dissipate seismic energy, reduce the degree of damage to the structure, and ensure the safety of personnel and property; and the leveling fixing frame 26 is used, so that the steel structure of the corbel base 2 does not need to be connected to the existing main beam 3 structure of the floor slab base 1. The steel structure support in the floor slab base 1 alone can provide good bearing capacity, so that the corbel base 2 and the floor slab base 1 complement each other in structure, further improving the strength of the entire structure, while also reducing the number of tie bars arranged in the corbel base 2 and improving construction efficiency.

[0043] Example 3 Reference Figures 3 and 4 The present application discloses a construction method for implementing a reserved horizontal opening blocking structure, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Set the location and size of the reserved horizontal opening 4 according to the design and construction requirements. In this step, the location and size of the reserved opening must be accurately determined based on the building's design drawings and actual construction needs. For example, for a basement equipment lifting opening, the size of the equipment and the lifting method must be considered to ensure the opening is of the appropriate size and location. When determining the location and size, use measuring tools to accurately measure and mark them. Step 2: Lay out and locate the reserved horizontal opening 4 at the construction site. Use measuring instruments such as theodolite and level to lay out the opening according to the previously set position and size, and determine the specific boundaries of the opening. Then, use methods such as piling and stringing to ensure that the opening is positioned accurately. During the laying out and positioning process, multiple checks should be carried out to avoid errors. Step 3: Reserve the horizontal opening 4 steel construction, including steel bar binding, corbel fabrication, anchor bolt 25 embedding and concrete pouring. First, bind the steel bars according to the design requirements, fixing the steel bars at a certain spacing and arrangement to form structural reinforcement. During the binding process, pay attention to the connection method and joint position of the steel bars to ensure the strength and stability of the structural reinforcement. Then, pour the concrete. Before pouring, check and clean the formwork to ensure that the size and shape of the formwork meet the requirements. Step 4: Production, curing, and storage of the prefabricated cover plate 5. The prefabricated cover plate 5 is produced in a specialized prefabrication plant. The steel bars and concrete are configured according to the design requirements, and the size and quality of the cover plate are controlled. After production, it is necessary to perform curing. The curing time depends on the type of concrete and environmental conditions. During curing, the concrete must be kept moist to avoid cracks. After passing the curing, the prefabricated cover plate 5 is stored in a dry, ventilated place to avoid damage. Step 5. Clean and level the bearing surface of the corbel base 2; use a broom, hair dryer or other tools to clean the debris and dust on the bearing surface of the corbel base 2 to ensure that the surface is clean; then use a level meter or other tools to level it. For uneven areas, you can use grinding or repairing methods to deal with them, and lay the leveling concrete cushion 7 according to the thickness of the horizontal opening 4 measured on site; if it is an outdoor or wading area, it is also necessary to install a rubber sealing layer 8 on the bearing surface of the corbel base 2 and apply waterproof ointment; Step 6: Hoisting and closing of the prefabricated cover plate 5; Use a crane or other equipment to hoist the prefabricated cover plate 5 above the reserved horizontal opening 4, slowly lower it and adjust its position so that the casting holes 51 on the prefabricated cover plate 5 are aligned with the anchor bolts 25 on the corbel base 2; then place the prefabricated cover plate 5 on the bearing surface of the corbel base 2 for preliminary fixing; Step seven, sealing the gap; fill the casting hole 51 with concrete filler 52 and fill the casting gap 6 with expansion filler 61 to ensure that the gap is well sealed; after filling, smooth the surface so that it is flush with the surrounding floor substrate 1 surface.

[0044] The implementation principle of the embodiment of the present application is as follows: the construction method operates in accordance with scientific and reasonable steps, from the setting of the reserved opening to the final gap sealing, each link is closely connected, ensuring the quality and stability of the reserved horizontal opening 4 sealing structure; through precise positioning and laying out, the position and size of the opening are guaranteed to be accurate; the steel bar structure binding and concrete pouring ensure the strength of the structure; the production and maintenance of the prefabricated cover plate 5 ensure the quality of the cover plate; the cleaning and leveling of the bearing surface of the corbel base 2 provide a good foundation for the installation of the prefabricated cover plate 5; the hoisting construction and gap sealing make the structure form a whole, realizing the effective sealing of the horizontal opening 4; compared with traditional construction methods, this method reduces the construction process, shortens the construction period, reduces the construction cost, improves the construction quality, and has significant advantages.

[0045] Example 4 Reference Figure 5 The embodiment of the present application discloses a construction method based on the reserved horizontal opening sealing structure of the second embodiment. Different from the above-mentioned construction, in step three, the structural steel bars in the floor slab base 1 are connected to the leveling fixing frame 26, and the level of the leveling fixing frame 26 needs to be controlled by a spirit level during the process of tightening the leveling fixing frame 26; and in step five, the position of the support piece 251 can be adjusted to pre-support the prefabricated cover plate 5, and then concrete slurry is filled into the gap between the horizontal opening 4 and the prefabricated cover plate 5 through the casting hole 51 to form a leveling concrete cushion layer 7.

[0046] The implementation principle of the embodiment of the present application is: in this construction method, the leveling fixing frame 26 acts as a connecting hub, organically connecting the horizontal structural steel bars in various directions together to form a unified whole. When subjected to force, the steel bars can work together to jointly bear the external force, effectively disperse the stress, and avoid the damage to the structure caused by stress concentration, thereby significantly improving the strength and stability of the structure. At the same time, it simplifies the construction of the leveling concrete cushion layer 7, reduces the number of reinforcements arranged in the corbel base 2, and greatly improves the construction efficiency.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A reserved horizontal hole blocking structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a horizontal opening (4) formed in the middle of a floor slab base (1) by casting and a precast cover plate (5) for blocking the horizontal opening (4), wherein the lower end of the horizontal opening (4) is provided with a corbel base (2) cast integrally with the floor slab base (1); the bearing surface of the corbel base (2) extends beyond the edge of the horizontal opening (4) to support the precast cover plate (5), and vertically arranged anchor bolts (25) are provided on the bearing surface of the corbel base (2); a casting hole (51) adapted to the anchor bolt (25) is provided on the precast cover plate (5), and a casting gap (6) is provided between the precast cover plate (5) and the edge of the horizontal opening (4); the casting hole (51) is filled with concrete filler (52); the casting gap (6) is filled with expansion filler (61); and a leveling concrete cushion layer (7) is provided between the bearing surface of the corbel base (2) and the precast cover plate (5).

2. The reserved horizontal opening blocking structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The horizontal opening (4) is of rectangular structure. The corbel base (2) comprises a transverse corbel base (21) and a longitudinal corbel base (22). The embedded structural steel bars in the transverse corbel base (21) are connected to the embedded structural steel bars in the existing longitudinal main beam (3) of the floor slab base (1). The embedded structural steel bars in the longitudinal corbel base (22) are connected to the embedded structural steel bars in the transverse corbel base (21).

3. The reserved horizontal hole blocking structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A leveling fixing frame (26) is pre-embedded in the corbel base (2), the anchor bolts (25) are arranged on the leveling fixing frame (26), and the horizontal structural steel bars pre-embedded in the floor slab base (1) are connected at the reserved horizontal opening (4) through the leveling fixing frame (26).

4. The reserved horizontal opening blocking structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: An adjusting support plate (251) is threadedly connected to the anchor bolt (25).

5. The reserved horizontal opening blocking structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The frame cross section of the leveling fixing frame (26) is a T-shaped structure, comprising a vertically arranged anchoring plate (261) and a bearing plate (262) arranged horizontally on the front of the anchoring plate (261); the anchoring portion is provided with a plurality of first anchoring holes (2611) adapted to the pre-embedded structural steel bars in the floor slab base (1); the back of the anchoring plate (261) is uniformly provided with a plurality of vertically arranged reinforcing plates (263), and the reinforcing plates (263) are uniformly provided with A second anchoring hole (2631) is provided through which the pre-embedded structural steel bars pass through the floor slab base (1) and the corbel base (2); the bearing plate (262) is connected to the middle of the anchoring plate (261), and a slurry retaining portion (2612) is provided at the upper end of the bearing plate (262) away from the anchoring plate (261); a groove is provided on the prefabricated cover plate (5) that is compatible with the slurry retaining portion (2612); and the anchor bolt (25) is fixed to the bearing plate (262).

6. The reserved horizontal opening blocking structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A support plate (27) is provided between the lower end of the bearing plate (262) and the anchor plate (261), and a third anchor hole (271) for the pre-embedded structural steel bars of the corbel base (2) to pass through is provided on the support plate (27).

7. The reserved horizontal opening blocking structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The horizontal opening (4) is a circular structure, the anchoring plate (261) is a rectangular structure arranged on the outer edge of the bearing plate (262), the bearing plate (262) is provided with a through hole adapted to the horizontal opening (4), and the support plate (27) and the anchor bolt (25) are both arranged in the circumference of the horizontal opening (4).

8. The reserved horizontal opening blocking structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The embedded structural steel bars in the floor slab base (1) are provided with external threads at the end close to the leveling fixing frame (26), and a locking nut (28) is threadedly connected to the external threads. The embedded structural steel bars in the floor slab base (1) are anchored to the leveling fixing frame (26) via the locking nut (28).

9. The reserved horizontal hole blocking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rubber sealing layer (8) is provided on the bearing surface of the corbel base (2); a waterproof layer (9) is coated on the casting gap (6) and the casting hole (51), and a waterproof roll is laid on the waterproof layer (9).

10. A construction method based on the reserved horizontal opening blocking structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1: Set the position and size of the reserved horizontal opening (4) according to the design and construction requirements; Step 2: Laying out and positioning the reserved horizontal opening (4) at the construction site; Step 3: Reserve horizontal opening (4) Steel construction, including steel bar binding, corbel making, anchor bolt embedding and concrete pouring; Step 4: production, maintenance and storage of the prefabricated cover plate (5); Step 5: Clean and level the bearing surface of the corbel base (2); Step 6: Prefabricated cover plate (5) hoisting construction and sealing; Step seven: sealing the gaps.

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