Pre-combustion chamber, engine, vehicle and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a pre-combustion chamber, an engine, a vehicle and a control method, relates to the technical field of vehicles, and aims to solve the problem of poor air exchange efficiency of the pre-combustion chamber. The pre-combustion chamber comprises a pre-combustion chamber side wall, a pre-combustion cavity is defined by the pre-combustion chamber side wall, the pre-combustion chamber side wall comprises a first part and a second part, and the first part and the second part can move relatively so that the pre-combustion chamber side wall can be switched between a first state and a second state. When the side wall of the pre-combustion chamber is in the first state, an air exchange channel communicating the pre-combustion cavity with the main combustion chamber is formed between the first part and the second part. And when the side wall of the pre-combustion chamber is in the second state, the ventilation channel between the first part and the second part is closed. According to the pre-combustion chamber, the amount of residual waste gas in the pre-combustion chamber can be reduced, the gas exchange efficiency and the jet flow intensity are improved, and therefore the lean burn limit and the heat efficiency of the main combustion chamber are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a pre-combustion chamber, an engine, a vehicle and a control method. Background Art

[0002] In order to improve the stability and rapid combustion capability of the engine, the engine is configured to have a main combustion chamber and a pre-combustion chamber connected to each other, wherein the fuel burns in the pre-combustion chamber and forms a jet flame to serve as an ignition device for the main combustion chamber.

[0003] However, the traditional pre-combustion chamber is only connected to the main combustion chamber by the pre-combustion chamber nozzle, and the air flow movement is restricted. Therefore, high-temperature exhaust gas is easily retained inside the pre-combustion chamber, and the ventilation efficiency is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a precombustion chamber, an engine, a vehicle and a control method, aiming to solve the problem of poor ventilation efficiency of the precombustion chamber.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a precombustion chamber, comprising a precombustion chamber sidewall, the precombustion chamber sidewall enclosing a precombustion chamber, the precombustion chamber sidewall comprising a first portion and a second portion, the first portion and the second portion being movable relative to each other to switch the precombustion chamber sidewall between a first state and a second state. When the precombustion chamber sidewall is in the first state, a ventilation channel is formed between the first portion and the second portion, connecting the precombustion chamber with the main combustion chamber. When the precombustion chamber sidewall is in the second state, the ventilation channel between the first portion and the second portion is closed.

[0007] The pre-combustion chamber sidewall provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a first portion and a second portion. The relative movement between the first portion and the second portion enables the pre-combustion chamber sidewall to switch between a first state and a second state. Thus, when the pre-combustion chamber sidewall is in the first state, it can form a ventilation channel connecting the pre-combustion chamber and the main combustion chamber, thereby increasing the ventilation area between the pre-combustion chamber and the main combustion chamber, thereby improving the ventilation efficiency of the exhaust gas in the pre-combustion chamber and allowing the exhaust gas in the pre-combustion chamber to be fully discharged.

[0008] In some embodiments, the pre-combustion chamber is disposed within a first portion, and a first opening is defined at one end of the first portion facing the main combustion chamber. There is at least one second portion, which is disposed at the first opening and is rotatable relative to the first portion to switch the sidewall of the pre-combustion chamber between a first state and a second state.

[0009] In some embodiments, the at least one second portion is rotatable relative to the first portion about an axis parallel to the plane where the first opening is located, so as to switch the pre-combustion chamber side wall between the first state and the second state.

[0010] In some embodiments, there are multiple second portions, and the multiple second portions are arranged along the circumference of the first opening.

[0011] In some embodiments, the pre-combustion chamber further comprises a drive assembly connected to at least one second part, the drive assembly being configured to drive the at least one second part to rotate relative to the first part so as to switch the side wall of the pre-combustion chamber between the first state and the second state.

[0012] In some embodiments, the drive assembly includes a lifting ring, at least one connecting member, and a driving member. The lifting ring is disposed around the first portion. The at least one connecting member is connected between the at least one second portion and the lifting ring. The driving member is connected to the lifting ring and is configured to drive the lifting ring to move axially along the opening to switch the pre-combustion chamber sidewall between the first state and the second state.

[0013] In some embodiments, at least one second portion is provided with a spray hole.

[0014] In some embodiments, the precombustion chamber is disposed within a first portion. The ventilation passage is disposed within the first portion, which includes a first cylindrical sidewall portion. A second portion is disposed outside or inside the first portion and is rotatable relative to the first portion about a first axis to switch the precombustion chamber sidewall between a first state and a second state. The first axis is the axis of the first cylindrical sidewall portion.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first part further includes a first bottom wall portion, the first bottom wall portion is arranged at an end of the first cylindrical side wall portion facing the main combustion chamber, and the ventilation channel is arranged in the first bottom wall portion.

[0016] In some embodiments, along the circumferential direction of the first axis, a portion of the first bottom wall portion located on one side of the ventilation channel forms a first shielding portion. The second portion includes a second bottom wall portion, and the second bottom wall portion is stacked with the first bottom wall portion. The second bottom wall portion is provided with an avoidance notch, and along the circumferential direction of the first axis, a portion of the second bottom wall portion located on one side of the avoidance notch forms a second shielding portion. When the pre-combustion chamber side wall is in the first state, the first shielding portion and the second shielding portion are stacked, and the ventilation channel and the avoidance notch are opposite and connected. When the pre-combustion chamber side wall is in the second state, the first shielding portion blocks the avoidance notch, and the second shielding portion blocks the ventilation channel.

[0017] In some embodiments, there are multiple ventilation channels, all of which are provided on the first bottom wall portion and arranged circumferentially along the first axis. There are multiple avoidance notches, all of which are provided on the second bottom wall portion and arranged circumferentially along the first axis. When the pre-combustion chamber sidewall is in the first state, the multiple first shielding portions are stacked with the multiple second shielding portions, and the multiple ventilation channels are respectively opposite to and connected to the multiple avoidance notches. When the pre-combustion chamber sidewall is in the second state, the multiple first shielding portions respectively shield the multiple avoidance notches, and the multiple second shielding portions respectively shield the multiple ventilation channels.

[0018] In some embodiments, the first shielding portion or the second shielding portion is provided with a spray hole.

[0019] In some embodiments, the pre-combustion chamber further includes a drive assembly, which is connected to the first part and / or connected to the second part, and the drive assembly is used to drive the first part and the second part to rotate relative to each other so that the side wall of the pre-combustion chamber switches between the first state and the second state.

[0020] In some embodiments, the drive assembly includes a gear, a drive shaft, and a drive member. The gear meshes with the first portion and / or the gear meshes with the second portion. One end of the drive shaft is connected to the gear to drive the gear to rotate. The drive member is connected to the other end of the drive shaft.

[0021] In some embodiments, the first portion includes a first sub-portion and a second sub-portion, and the second sub-portion is connected to the end of the first sub-portion facing the main combustion chamber. The pre-combustion chamber is arranged between the second portion and the second sub-portion, and the second portion can slide relative to the first sub-portion between a first position and a second position along a first direction. The first direction is the arrangement direction of the first sub-portion and the second sub-portion. When the second portion is in the first position, the second sub-portion is staggered with the second portion along the first direction so that the side wall of the pre-combustion chamber is in the first state. When the second portion is in the second position, the second sub-portion is docked with the second portion so that the side wall of the pre-combustion chamber is in the second state.

[0022] In some embodiments, the pre-combustion chamber further comprises a slide slidably connected to the first subsection and connected to the second subsection.

[0023] In some embodiments, the sliding member includes a first sliding portion having a through hole defined therein. The second portion at the first position is further away from the first sub-portion than the second portion at the second position. When the second portion is in the first position, the first sliding portion is located between the first sub-portion and the second portion, and the through hole is in communication with the pre-combustion chamber.

[0024] In some embodiments, the second sub-portion is provided with a first engaging portion, and the second portion is provided with a second engaging portion. When the second portion is in the second position, the first engaging portion engages with the second engaging portion.

[0025] In some embodiments, the pre-combustion chamber further includes a drive assembly connected to an end of the sliding member away from the second part, and the drive assembly is used to drive the second part to slide along the first direction to switch the side wall of the pre-combustion chamber between the first state and the second state.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present application provides an engine comprising a main combustion chamber and a pre-combustion chamber as described above, wherein the pre-combustion chamber is connected to the main combustion chamber.

[0027] In a third aspect, the present application provides a vehicle comprising a vehicle body and the above-mentioned engine, wherein the engine is connected to the vehicle body.

[0028] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a control method for controlling the pre-combustion chamber described in any one of the above items, and the control method includes: when a preset condition is met, the ventilation channel is opened.

[0029] In some embodiments, the preset conditions include: the engine being in an intake stroke, and / or the engine being in an exhaust stroke.

[0030] The technical effects brought about by any implementation method in the above-mentioned second to fourth aspects can refer to the technical effects brought about by the corresponding implementation method in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an engine provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a pre-combustion chamber side wall in a first state and a second state provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the partial structure of an engine provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a first portion and a second portion of a pre-combustion chamber side wall of an engine is provided;

[0037] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Provided is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pre-combustion chamber side wall in an engine in a first state and a second state;

[0038] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a first bottom wall portion provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of a pre-combustion chamber side wall of an engine provided in an embodiment of the present application in a first state and a second state;

[0040] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the side wall of the middle pre-combustion chamber in the first state and the second state.

[0041] Reference numerals:

[0042] 1. Vehicle; 2. Chassis; 3. Body; 4. Wheels; 5. Engine; 6. Pre-combustion chamber; 7. Main combustion chamber;

[0043] 10. Pre-combustion chamber side wall; 11. Pre-combustion cavity; 12. First part; 121. First cylindrical side wall portion; 122. First bottom wall portion; 123. First shielding portion; 124. First sub-portion; 125. Second sub-portion; 126. First clamping portion; 13. Second part; 131. First opening; 132. Second bottom wall portion; 133. Avoidance gap; 134. Second shielding portion; 135. Second clamping portion; 14. Ventilation channel; 15. Drive assembly; 151. Lifting ring; 152. Connector; 153. Drive member; 153. Gear; 154. Drive shaft; 16. Nozzle; 17. Sliding member; 171. First sliding portion 172. Through hole; 18. Controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "back," "inner," "outer," and the like, indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or relative positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed, or operate in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the above-mentioned directions may be flexibly set in actual application, provided that the relative positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings are met.

[0046] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connected," and "communicated" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections. They may be directly connected, indirectly connected through an intermediary, or internally connected between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0048] In embodiments of the present invention, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, article, or apparatus comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not preclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, article, or apparatus comprising the element.

[0049] In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0050] The combustion of traditional fuels releases significant amounts of pollutants such as carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter. Lean-burn technologies and low-carbon alternative fuels can effectively reduce these harmful emissions and mitigate their negative environmental impact. However, compared to traditional fuels, some lean-burn technologies and low-carbon alternative fuels (such as ammonia) have slower flame propagation, longer ignition delays, and require higher ignition energy, making them difficult to achieve rapid combustion in conventional engines.

[0051] In order to improve the stability and rapid combustion capability of engines based on lean burn and / or low-carbon alternative fuel technology, in the prior art, the engine can be arranged into a main combustion chamber and a pre-combustion chamber that are connected, wherein the fuel burns in the pre-combustion chamber and forms a jet flame with high ignition energy to serve as an ignition device for the main combustion chamber.

[0052] However, the traditional pre-combustion chamber and the main combustion chamber are only connected by the pre-combustion chamber nozzle, and the air flow movement is restricted. Therefore, high-temperature exhaust gas is likely to remain inside the pre-combustion chamber, and the ventilation efficiency is poor. Problems such as pre-combustion chamber ablation and easy fire in the next cycle may occur, which increases the cycle variation and thus reduces the reliability of the combustion system.

[0053] Based on this, see Figure 1 , Figure 1 The following is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application. This embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle 1, which may include a chassis 2, a body 3, and wheels 4. It is understood that the vehicle 1 may be a fuel-powered vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, a gas-powered vehicle, a methanol vehicle, or the like. For example, the vehicle 1 may be a passenger vehicle such as a sedan, a sport utility vehicle (SUV), or a multi-purpose vehicle (MPV), or may be a bus, a truck, or a semi-trailer, or the like. This application does not impose any specific restrictions on this.

[0054] For example, this application is described using a fuel vehicle as an example.

[0055] The chassis 2 can be used to install the motor and other components of the vehicle 1 to form the overall shape of the vehicle 1, and receive power from the motor to make the vehicle 1 move and ensure normal driving.

[0056] The vehicle body 3 can be mounted on the chassis 2. A cabin is formed within the vehicle body 3. The cabin can accommodate the driver, passengers, or cargo. It should be noted that when the vehicle 1 is a bus or sedan, the vehicle body 3 is generally a monolithic structure. When the vehicle 1 is a truck, the vehicle body 3 is generally composed of a cab and a cargo box.

[0057] The wheels 4 can be mounted on the chassis 2 of the vehicle 1 and are components that support and rotate the vehicle 1 during travel. The wheels 4 are typically mounted at the four corners of the vehicle 1, i.e., the four wheels 4 of the vehicle 1. These wheels 4 are connected to the axles of the vehicle 1 via wheel hubs, enabling the vehicle 1 to travel smoothly on the ground.

[0058] It should be noted that the above components are merely examples of some components of the vehicle 1 and are not limitations on the specific structure of the vehicle 1 .

[0059] To provide power to the vehicle 1, continue to refer to Figure 1 The vehicle 1 further includes an engine 5 , which is connected to the vehicle body 3 .

[0060] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of an engine provided in an embodiment of the present application. The engine 5 provided in the present application may include a pre-combustion chamber 6 and a main combustion chamber 7, and the pre-combustion chamber 6 is connected to the main combustion chamber 7.

[0061] Specifically, the pre-combustion chamber 6 includes a pre-combustion chamber sidewall 10, which encloses a pre-combustion chamber 11. The pre-combustion chamber sidewall 10 includes a first portion 12 and a second portion 13. The first portion 12 and the second portion 13 are movable relative to each other to switch the pre-combustion chamber sidewall 10 between a first state and a second state. When the pre-combustion chamber sidewall 10 is in the first state, a ventilation channel 14 is formed between the first portion 12 and the second portion 13, connecting the pre-combustion chamber 11 with the main combustion chamber 7. When the pre-combustion chamber sidewall 10 is in the second state, the ventilation channel 14 between the first portion 12 and the second portion 13 is closed.

[0062] The pre-combustion chamber sidewall 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a first portion 12 and a second portion 13. The pre-combustion chamber sidewall 10 switches between a first state and a second state through the relative movement between the first portion 12 and the second portion 13. Thus, when the pre-combustion chamber sidewall 10 is in the first state, a ventilation channel 14 is formed connecting the pre-combustion chamber 11 and the main combustion chamber 7, thereby increasing the ventilation area between the pre-combustion chamber 11 and the main combustion chamber 7, thereby improving the ventilation efficiency of the exhaust gas in the pre-combustion chamber 11 and allowing the exhaust gas in the pre-combustion chamber 11 to be fully discharged.

[0063] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 , Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the structure of the pre-combustion chamber side wall 10 in the first state and the second state provided in the embodiment of the present application shows that the pre-combustion chamber 11 is provided in the first portion 12, and the first portion 12 has a first opening 131 at one end facing the main combustion chamber 7. A spark plug is provided in the pre-combustion chamber 11.

[0064] There is at least one second portion 13 , and the at least one second portion 13 is disposed at the first opening 131 and is rotatable relative to the first portion 12 , so that the pre-combustion chamber sidewall 10 switches between the first state and the second state.

[0065] In this way, the structure of the precombustion chamber 6 is simplified. Through such an arrangement, the second part 13 can rotate relative to the first part 12, so that the precombustion chamber side wall 10 can be switched between the first state and the second state, thereby facilitating the discharge of exhaust gas in the precombustion chamber 11.

[0066] It should be noted that the number of the second parts 13 can be one, two, three, four, five, six, etc. This application does not impose any limitation on this, and the number can be set according to the actual needs.

[0067] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 At least one second portion 13 can rotate relative to the first portion 12 around an axis parallel to the plane where the first opening 131 is located, so that the pre-combustion chamber side wall 10 switches between the first state and the second state. The number of second portions 13 can be one or more.

[0068] In this way, by rotating the second part 13 around an axis parallel to the plane of the first opening 131, the pre-combustion chamber side wall 10 is switched between the first state and the second state, thereby changing the air flow path in the pre-combustion chamber 11 and facilitating the discharge of exhaust gas in the pre-combustion chamber 11.

[0069] In some embodiments, there are multiple second portions 13 , and the multiple second portions 13 are arranged along the circumference of the first opening 131 .

[0070] It should be noted that the number of the second parts 13 can be two, three, four, five, six, etc. This application does not impose any limitation on this, and the number can be set according to the actual needs.

[0071] For example, this embodiment is described by taking the example that the number of the second parts 13 is five.

[0072] Continue to see Figure 3 , Figure 3 (a) shows that the pre-combustion chamber side wall 10 is in the first state, at which time a ventilation channel 14 is formed between the first portion 12 and the second portion 13 to connect the pre-combustion chamber 11 and the main combustion chamber 7. Figure 3 (b) shows the precombustion chamber 6 in the second state, and the precombustion chamber sidewall 10 in the second state. At this time, the ventilation channel 14 between the first portion 12 and the second portion 13 is closed. By switching the precombustion chamber sidewall 10 between the first and second states, the ventilation channel 14 can be opened or closed, thereby achieving rapid exhaust of the exhaust gas in the precombustion chamber 11.

[0073] In some embodiments, the pre-combustion chamber 6 further includes a drive assembly 15, which is connected to at least one second part 13, and the drive assembly 15 is used to drive at least one second part 13 to rotate relative to the first part 12 so that the pre-combustion chamber side wall 10 switches between the first state and the second state.

[0074] In this way, by providing the driving assembly 15, the angle of the second portion 13 can be automatically adjusted according to the operating state, load and other parameters of the engine 5, thereby achieving dynamic control and improving the intelligence level of the combustion process.

[0075] The engine 5 further includes a controller 18 , and the driving component 15 is connected to the controller 18 . The controller 18 is used to control the driving component 15 to adjust the operating state of the second part 13 .

[0076] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 The drive assembly 15 includes a lifting ring 151, at least one connecting member 152, and a driving member 153. The lifting ring 151 is arranged around the first part 12. In this way, the volume of the lifting ring 151 can be reduced, thereby improving the structural compactness of the drive assembly 15. At least one connecting member 152 is connected between at least one second part 13 and the lifting ring 151. Exemplarily, at least one connecting member 152 can be movably connected between at least one second part 13 and the lifting ring 151. In this way, the friction between the connecting member 152, the second part 13 and the lifting ring 151 can be reduced, thereby extending the service life.

[0077] The driver 153 is connected to the lifting ring 151 and is used to drive the lifting ring 151 to move axially along the first opening 131 to switch the pre-combustion chamber sidewall 10 between the first state and the second state. In some embodiments, the driver 153 can be a drive motor. In other embodiments, the driver 153 can also be a hydraulic drive.

[0078] The axial direction of the first opening 131 refers to the length direction of the central axis of the first opening 131 .

[0079] In some embodiments, at least one second portion 13 is provided with a spray hole 16. This allows fuel within the pre-combustion chamber 11 to be sprayed into the main combustion chamber 7 through the spray hole 16, promoting more complete combustion of the fuel within the main combustion chamber 7 and improving combustion efficiency. It should be noted that all five second portions 13 may be provided with a spray hole 16, or only a few of them. The number of spray holes 16 on each second portion 13 is not limited and can be set based on practical needs.

[0080] For example, the present application uses the example that each of the five second parts 13 may be provided with a spray hole 16 for explanation.

[0081] In some embodiments, the pre-combustion chamber 11 is disposed within the first portion 12. The ventilation channel 14 is disposed in the first portion 12, and the first portion 12 includes a first cylindrical sidewall portion 121. The second portion 13 is disposed outside the first portion 12, and the second portion 13 can rotate relative to the first portion 12 around a first axis to switch the pre-combustion chamber sidewall 10 between a first state and a second state. The first axis is the axis of the first cylindrical sidewall portion 121. Through such an arrangement, the structure of the first portion 12 and the second portion 13 can be made more compact, reducing the volume of the first portion 12 and the second portion 13, and thereby reducing the volume of the pre-combustion chamber 6.

[0082] In some other embodiments, the second portion 13 is disposed inside the first portion 12 .

[0083] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the engine 5 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The first portion 12 further includes a first bottom wall portion 122, which is disposed at the end of the first cylindrical side wall portion 121 facing the main combustion chamber 7. The ventilation passage 14 is disposed in the first bottom wall portion 122. This places the ventilation passage 14 closer to the main combustion chamber 7, facilitating the discharge of exhaust gas from the pre-combustion chamber 11. In other embodiments, the ventilation passage 14 may also be disposed in the first cylindrical side wall portion 121.

[0084] In some embodiments, participating Figure 5 , Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of the first portion 12 and the second portion 13 of the pre-combustion chamber side wall 10 in the engine 5 is provided. Figure 5 (a) is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first part 12, Figure 5 (b) is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the second portion 13. Along the circumferential direction of the first axis, the portion of the first bottom wall portion 122 located on the side of the ventilation channel 14 forms a first shielding portion 123. The second portion 13 includes a second bottom wall portion 132, which is stacked with the first bottom wall portion 122. The second bottom wall portion 132 is provided with an escape notch 133. Along the circumferential direction of the first axis, the portion of the second bottom wall portion 132 located on the side of the escape notch 133 forms a second shielding portion 134. When the pre-combustion chamber sidewall 10 is in the first state, the first shielding portion 123 and the second shielding portion 134 are stacked, and the ventilation channel 14 and the escape notch 133 are opposite and connected.

[0085] When the pre-combustion chamber sidewall 10 is in the second state, the first shielding portion 123 shields the avoidance notch 133, and the second shielding portion 134 shields the ventilation channel 14. This effectively controls the direction and distribution of airflow, ensuring connectivity between the ventilation channel 14 and the avoidance notch 133 when needed, thereby improving the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust gas in the pre-combustion chamber 11.

[0086] In some embodiments, see Figure 5 There are multiple ventilation channels 14, all provided on the first bottom wall portion 122 and arranged circumferentially about the first axis. There are also multiple avoidance notches 133, all provided on the second bottom wall portion 132 and arranged circumferentially about the first axis. This increases the total area of the ventilation channels 14 connecting the pre-combustion chamber 11 and the main combustion chamber 7, improving exhaust efficiency.

[0087] It is understood that when the pre-combustion chamber sidewall 10 is in the first state, the plurality of first shielding portions 123 are stacked with the plurality of second shielding portions, and the plurality of ventilation channels 14 are respectively opposite and connected to the plurality of avoidance notches 133. When the pre-combustion chamber sidewall 10 is in the second state, the plurality of first shielding portions 123 respectively shield the plurality of avoidance notches 133, and the plurality of second shielding portions respectively shield the plurality of ventilation channels 14.

[0088] The present application does not limit the number of ventilation channels 14. Exemplarily, the number of ventilation channels 14 is five.

[0089] join Figure 6 , Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of the pre-combustion chamber side wall 10 in the engine 5 in a first state and a second state is provided. Figure 6 In (a), the precombustion chamber sidewall 10 is in the second state, where the first blocking portion 123 blocks the avoidance notch 133, the second blocking portion 134 blocks the ventilation passage 14, and the ventilation passage 14 between the first portion 12 and the second portion 13 is closed. By switching the precombustion chamber sidewall 10 between the first and second states, the ventilation passage 14 can be opened or closed, allowing the exhaust gas in the precombustion chamber 11 to be quickly discharged. Figure 6 The pre-combustion chamber side wall 10 in (b) is in the first state. At this time, the first blocking portion 123 and the second blocking portion 134 are stacked, the ventilation channel 14 and the avoidance gap 133 are opposite and connected, and a ventilation channel 14 connecting the pre-combustion chamber 11 and the main combustion chamber 7 is formed between the first part 12 and the second part 13.

[0090] In some embodiments, Figure 7This is a schematic structural diagram of a first bottom wall portion 122 provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the first shielding portion 123 is provided with a spray hole 16. In some other embodiments, the second shielding portion is provided with a spray hole 16.

[0091] It should be noted that the number of the spray holes 16 can be one or more. This application does not limit the number of the spray holes 16. For example, one spray hole 16 is provided on the first shielding portion 123 between two adjacent avoidance gaps 133.

[0092] In some embodiments, the precombustion chamber 6 further includes a drive assembly 15 connected to the first portion 12. Drive assembly 15 is configured to drive relative rotation between the first portion 12 and the second portion 13 to switch the precombustion chamber sidewall 10 between the first and second states. Thus, by providing drive assembly 15, the relative position between the first portion 12 and the second portion 13, as well as the state of the ventilation passage 14, can be automatically adjusted based on the engine's operating state, load, and other parameters, thereby achieving dynamic control and enhancing the intelligence of the combustion process.

[0093] In some other embodiments, the drive assembly 15 is connected to the second portion 13. In yet another embodiment, the drive assembly 15 can be connected to the first portion 12 and the second portion 13 respectively.

[0094] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 The drive assembly 15 includes a gear 154, a drive shaft 155, and a drive member 153. The gear 154 meshes with the first portion 12. One end of the drive shaft 155 is connected to the gear 154 to drive the gear 154 to rotate. The drive member 153 is connected to the other end of the drive shaft 155. This structure is simple and easy to install.

[0095] In some other embodiments, the gear 154 meshes with the second portion 13 .

[0096] In some embodiments, the engine 5 further comprises a cylinder head, and the gear 154 is installed in the cylinder head, so as to reduce the volume of the engine.

[0097] In some embodiments, see Figure 8 as well as Figure 9 , Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of a pre-combustion chamber side wall 10 of an engine in a first state and a second state provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 9 for Figure 8The schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the pre-combustion chamber side wall 10 in the first state and the second state is shown. The first portion 12 includes a first sub-portion 124 and a second sub-portion 125. The second sub-portion 125 is connected to the end of the first sub-portion 124 facing the main combustion chamber 7. The pre-combustion chamber 11 is arranged between the second portion 13 and the second sub-portion 125. The second portion 13 can slide relative to the first sub-portion 124 between a first position and a second position along a first direction F1. The first direction F1 is the arrangement direction of the first sub-portion 124 and the second sub-portion 125. Figure 8 As shown in (a), when the second portion 13 is in the first position, the second sub-portion 125 and the second portion 13 are staggered along the first direction F1, so that the pre-combustion chamber side wall 10 is in the first state. Figure 8 As shown in (b), when the second portion 13 is in the second position, the second sub-portion 125 docks with the second portion 13, so that the pre-combustion chamber side wall 10 is in the second state.

[0098] Continue to see Figure 9 ,like Figure 9 As shown in (b), when the second portion 13 is in the first position, the pre-combustion chamber side wall 10 is in the first state. At this time, the second sub-portion 125 and the second portion 13 are staggered along the first direction F1, and a ventilation channel 14 is formed between the first portion 12 and the second portion 13 to connect the pre-combustion chamber 11 and the main combustion chamber 7. Figure 9 As shown in (a), when the second portion 13 is in the second position, the pre-combustion chamber sidewall 10 is in the second state. At this time, the second sub-portion 125 is connected to the second portion 13, and the ventilation channel 14 between the first portion 12 and the second portion 13 is closed. By switching the second portion 13 between the first position and the second position, the pre-combustion chamber sidewall 10 can be switched between the first state and the second state, and the ventilation channel 14 can be opened or closed, thereby achieving rapid exhaust of exhaust gas in the pre-combustion chamber 11.

[0099] In some embodiments, see again Figure 9 The pre-combustion chamber 6 further includes a sliding member 17, which is slidably connected to the first sub-portion 124 and connected to the second portion 13. By arranging the sliding member 17 to be slidably connected to the first sub-portion 124, the wear of the sliding member 17 and the first sub-portion 124 can be reduced, thereby extending the service life.

[0100] In some embodiments, the slider 17 includes a first sliding portion 171, which is provided with a through hole 172. The second portion 13 in the first position is further away from the first sub-portion 124 than the second portion 13 in the second position. When the second portion 13 is in the first position, the first sliding portion 171 is located between the first sub-portion 124 and the second portion 13, and the through hole 172 communicates with the pre-combustion chamber 11. Thus, when the second portion 13 is in the first position, the through hole 172 communicates with the ventilation passage 14, accelerating the discharge of exhaust gas from the pre-combustion chamber 11 and improving exhaust efficiency.

[0101] In some embodiments, the second sub-portion 125 is provided with a first engaging portion 126, and the second portion 13 is provided with a second engaging portion 135. When the second portion 13 is in the second position, the first engaging portion 126 engages with the second engaging portion 135. This improves the connection strength between the second sub-portion 125 and the second portion 13 and prevents deformation of the second sub-portion 125 and the second portion 13.

[0102] In some embodiments, see Figure 9 The pre-combustion chamber 6 further includes a drive assembly 15 connected to the end of the slider 17 facing away from the second portion 13. Drive assembly 15 is configured to drive the second portion 13 to slide in a first direction, thereby switching the pre-combustion chamber sidewall 10 between the first and second positions. Thus, by providing drive assembly 15, the sliding position of the second portion 13 and the state of the ventilation passage 14 can be automatically adjusted based on the engine's operating status, load, and other parameters, achieving dynamic control and enhancing the intelligence of the combustion process.

[0103] For example, the driving assembly 15 may be a camshaft type or a motor.

[0104] The present application also provides a control method for controlling the above-mentioned pre-combustion chamber. The control method includes: when a preset condition is met, the ventilation channel is opened.

[0105] In this way, by controlling the opening of the ventilation channel, the ventilation area between the pre-combustion chamber and the main combustion chamber can be increased, thereby improving the ventilation efficiency of the exhaust gas in the pre-combustion chamber and allowing the exhaust gas in the pre-combustion chamber to be fully discharged.

[0106] In some embodiments, the preset conditions include:

[0107] The engine is in an intake stroke, and / or the engine is in an exhaust stroke.

[0108] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0109] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A pre-combustion chamber, characterized in that: include: A precombustion chamber side wall (10), wherein the precombustion chamber side wall (10) encloses a precombustion cavity (11), and the precombustion chamber side wall (10) comprises a first portion (12) and a second portion (13), wherein the first portion (12) and the second portion (13) are movable relative to each other so that the precombustion chamber side wall (10) switches between a first state and a second state; When the pre-combustion chamber side wall (10) is in the first state, a ventilation channel (14) is formed between the first portion (12) and the second portion (13) to connect the pre-combustion chamber (11) and the main combustion chamber (7); When the pre-combustion chamber side wall (10) is in the second state, the ventilation channel (14) between the first portion (12) and the second portion (13) is closed.

2. The pre-combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that The pre-combustion chamber (11) is arranged in the first part (12), and a first opening (131) is provided at one end of the first part (12) facing the main combustion chamber (7); The number of the second part (13) is at least one, and at least one second part (13) is arranged at the first opening (131) and can rotate relative to the first part (12) to switch the pre-combustion chamber side wall (10) between the first state and the second state.

3. The pre-combustion chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that At least one of the second parts (13) can rotate relative to the first part (12) around an axis parallel to the plane where the first opening (131) is located, so that the pre-combustion chamber side wall (10) can be switched between the first state and the second state.

4. The pre-combustion chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that There are multiple second parts (13), and the multiple second parts (13) are arranged along the circumference of the first opening (131).

5. The pre-combustion chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that Also includes: A drive assembly (15) is connected to at least one of the second parts (13), and the drive assembly (15) is used to drive at least one of the second parts (13) to rotate relative to the first part (12) so as to switch the pre-combustion chamber side wall (10) between the first state and the second state.

6. The pre-combustion chamber according to claim 5, characterized in that The drive assembly (15) comprises: A lifting ring (151), the lifting ring (151) is arranged around the first part (12); at least one connecting member (152), said at least one connecting member (152) being connected between at least one of said second portions (13) and said lifting ring (151); A driving member (153) is connected to the lifting ring (151), and the driving member (153) is used to drive the lifting ring (151) to move axially along the first opening (131) so that the pre-combustion chamber side wall (10) switches between the first state and the second state.

7. The pre-combustion chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that At least one of the second portions (13) is provided with a spray hole (16).

8. The pre-combustion chamber according to claim 5, characterized in that The pre-combustion chamber (11) is arranged in the first part (12); the ventilation channel (14) is arranged in the first part (12), and the first part (12) includes a first cylindrical side wall portion (121); The second part (13) is arranged on the outside or inside of the first part (12), and the second part (13) can rotate around a first axis relative to the first part (12) to switch the pre-combustion chamber side wall (10) between the first state and the second state; the first axis is the axis of the first cylindrical side wall portion (121).

9. The pre-combustion chamber according to claim 8, characterized in that The first portion (12) further includes a first bottom wall portion (122), the first bottom wall portion (122) being arranged at one end of the first cylindrical side wall portion (121) facing the main combustion chamber (7), and the ventilation passage (14) being arranged at the first bottom wall portion (122).

10. The pre-combustion chamber according to claim 9, characterized in that Along the circumferential direction of the first axis, a portion of the first bottom wall portion (122) located on one side of the ventilation channel (14) forms a first shielding portion (123); The second portion (13) includes a second bottom wall portion (132), the second bottom wall portion (132) and the first bottom wall portion (122) being stacked; the second bottom wall portion (132) is provided with an avoidance notch (133), and along the circumferential direction of the first axis, a portion of the second bottom wall portion (132) located on one side of the avoidance notch (133) forms a second shielding portion (134); When the pre-combustion chamber side wall (10) is in the first state, the first shielding portion (123) and the second shielding portion (134) are stacked, and the ventilation channel (14) and the avoidance notch (133) are opposite to and communicate with each other; When the pre-combustion chamber side wall (10) is in the second state, the first shielding portion (123) shields the avoidance gap (133), and the second shielding portion shields the ventilation channel (14).

11. The pre-combustion chamber according to claim 10, characterized in that There are multiple ventilation channels (14), and the multiple ventilation channels (14) are all provided on the first bottom wall portion (122) and arranged along the circumference of the first axis; There are a plurality of the avoidance notches (133), and the plurality of the avoidance notches (133) are all provided on the second bottom wall portion (132) and arranged along the circumferential direction of the first axis; When the pre-combustion chamber side wall (10) is in the first state, the plurality of first shielding portions (123) are stacked with the plurality of second shielding portions (134), and the plurality of ventilation channels (14) are opposite to and communicate with the plurality of avoidance notches (133). When the pre-combustion chamber side wall (10) is in the second state, the plurality of first shielding portions (123) respectively shield the plurality of avoidance gaps (133), and the plurality of second shielding portions (134) respectively shield the plurality of ventilation channels (14).

12. The pre-combustion chamber according to claim 11, characterized in that The first shielding portion (123) or the second shielding portion (134) is provided with a spray hole (16).

13. The pre-combustion chamber according to claim 11, characterized in that Also includes: A drive assembly (15), wherein the drive assembly (15) is connected to the first portion (12), and / or the drive assembly (15) is connected to the second portion (13), and the drive assembly (15) is used to drive the first portion (12) and the second portion (13) to rotate relative to each other, so that the pre-combustion chamber side wall (10) switches between the first state and the second state.

14. The pre-combustion chamber according to claim 11, characterized in that The drive assembly (15) comprises: a gear (154), the gear (154) meshing with the first portion (12), and / or the gear (154) meshing with the second portion (13); a driving shaft (155), one end of the driving shaft (155) being connected to the gear (154) to drive the gear (154) to rotate; A driving member (153) is connected to the other end of the driving shaft (155).

15. The pre-combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that The first portion (12) includes a first sub-portion (124) and a second sub-portion (125), wherein the second sub-portion (125) is connected to an end of the first sub-portion (124) facing the main combustion chamber; The pre-combustion chamber (11) is arranged between the second portion (13) and the second sub-portion (125); the second portion (13) can slide relative to the first sub-portion (124) between a first position and a second position along a first direction (F1); the first direction (F1) is an arrangement direction of the first sub-portion (124) and the second sub-portion (125); When the second portion (13) is in the first position, the second sub-portion (125) and the second portion (13) are staggered along the first direction (F1) so that the pre-combustion chamber side wall (10) is in the first state; when the second portion (13) is in the second position, the second sub-portion (125) is docked with the second portion (13) so that the pre-combustion chamber side wall (10) is in the second state.

16. The pre-combustion chamber according to claim 15, characterized in that Also includes: A sliding member (17) is slidably connected to the first sub-portion (124) and connected to the second portion (13).

17. The pre-combustion chamber according to claim 16, characterized in that The sliding member (17) includes a first sliding portion (171), the first sliding portion (171) being provided with a through hole (172); the second portion (13) at the first position is further away from the first sub-portion (124) than the second portion (13) at the second position, and when the second portion (13) is in the first position, the first sliding portion (171) is located between the first sub-portion (124) and the second portion (13), and the through hole (172) is connected to the pre-combustion chamber (11).

18. The pre-combustion chamber according to claim 17, characterized in that The second sub-portion (125) is provided with a first clamping portion (126), and the second portion (13) is provided with a second clamping portion (135); when the second portion (13) is in the second position, the first clamping portion (126) is clamped with the second clamping portion (135).

19. The pre-combustion chamber according to claim 18, characterized in that Also includes: A drive assembly (15) is connected to an end of the sliding member (17) facing away from the second part (13), and the drive assembly (15) is used to drive the second part (13) to slide along a first direction so as to switch the pre-combustion chamber side wall (10) between the first state and the second state.

20. An engine, characterized in that: include: Main combustion chamber (7); The pre-combustion chamber (6) according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the pre-combustion chamber (6) is connected to the main combustion chamber (7).

21. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: Vehicle body (3); The engine (5) according to claim 20, wherein the engine (5) is connected to the vehicle body (3).

22. A control method, characterized in that: The control method is used to control the precombustion chamber according to any one of claims 1 to 19, and the control method includes: When the preset conditions are met, the ventilation channel is opened.

23. The control method according to claim 22, characterized in that: The preset conditions include: The engine is in an intake stroke, and / or the engine is in an exhaust stroke.

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