Two-stage radial swirler with valve

Abstract

The invention provides a two-stage radial swirler with a valve, and belongs to the technical field of aero-engines, the two-stage radial swirler comprises a first-stage radial swirler located on the front side and a second-stage radial swirler located on the rear side and provided with a valve, and the second-stage radial swirler is provided with a valve structure at an inlet position of the radial outer side of a rotational flow channel. A rotational flow ring is arranged in the second-stage radial swirler, uniform radial rotational flow channels are formed in the rotational flow ring, airflow enters the radial rotational flow channels through a valve structure, and the circulation area of a second-stage rotational flow channel of the second-stage radial swirler is adjusted through self-adjustment of the valve structure. By means of the treatment scheme, the fuel oil atomization effect can be enhanced when the engine is started and ignited through the valve structure, the oil-gas matching requirement of the main combustion chamber is met in the normal working state, and the engine starting and igniting performance is improved while it is guaranteed that the large-state pneumatic performance requirement of the main combustion chamber is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of aero-engines, and in particular to a two-stage radial vortex finder with a valve. Background Art

[0002] In aircraft engine design, high-altitude ignition performance is a key indicator for evaluating the design quality of the main combustion chamber. Good ignition performance is crucial for ensuring engine safety and reliability under various environmental conditions. Achieving stable and reliable ignition is particularly challenging under high-altitude, low-temperature, and low-pressure conditions. To improve ignition performance, various improvements have been proposed, including optimizing the ignition system, adjusting the fuel supply pattern, and improving fuel atomization.

[0003] Improving fuel atomization significantly impacts ignition success and combustion efficiency. While conventional two-stage radial vortex finders can promote fuel-air mixing to a certain extent, during engine startup and ignition, the low airflow velocity makes it difficult for conventional designs to provide sufficient turbulence intensity for ideal fuel atomization, leading to an increased ignition failure rate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a two-stage radial vortex finder with a valve, which at least partially solves the problem of low ignition performance of the two-stage radial vortex finder in the prior art.

[0005] An embodiment of the present application provides a two-stage radial vortex finder with a valve, comprising a first-stage radial vortex finder located at the front side and a second-stage radial vortex finder with a valve located at the rear side. The second-stage radial vortex finder is provided with a valve structure at the radial outer inlet position of the swirl channel. A swirl ring is provided inside the second-stage radial vortex finder, and a uniform radial swirl channel is provided on the swirl ring. The airflow enters the radial swirl channel through the valve structure, and the flow area of the second-stage swirl channel of the second-stage radial vortex finder is adjusted by self-adjustment of the valve structure.

[0006] According to a specific implementation method of an embodiment of the present application, the valve structure includes a compression ring, an air intake ring, an air intake cavity, an air collecting ring, an air collecting cavity and a valve plunger which are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside. A plurality of valve plungers are evenly arranged along the circumference of the secondary radial vortex finder. The valve plunger passes through the air intake ring, the air intake cavity, the air collecting ring and the air collecting cavity in sequence along the radial direction of the secondary radial vortex finder. The air intake cavity is open toward the incoming flow side, and the other side of the air intake cavity is closed. The air collecting cavity is closed on both the front and rear sides along the air flow direction. The bottom of the valve plunger extends to the swirl ring, and the top of the valve plunger abuts against the inner wall of the compression ring; the valve plunger includes an air intake end and an air outlet end, the air intake end is communicated with the air intake cavity, and the air outlet end is communicated with the air collecting cavity; a retractable structure is provided inside the valve plunger, one end of the retractable structure abuts against the inside of the valve plunger, and the other end of the retractable structure abuts against the swirl ring.

[0007] According to a specific implementation method of an embodiment of the present application, the valve plunger is set to a hollow structure, and a partition is provided on the valve plunger, which divides the valve plunger into an air inlet end and an air outlet end through the partition, and one end of the retractable structure abuts against the side of the partition facing the air outlet end.

[0008] According to a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the partition and the gas collecting ring are located at the same radial height.

[0009] According to a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of air inlet grooves are evenly distributed circumferentially on the air inlet end of the valve plunger, and a plurality of ventilation grooves are evenly distributed circumferentially on the air outlet end of the valve plunger.

[0010] According to a specific implementation method of an embodiment of the present application, when the engine is in the maximum state, the sum of the opening areas of the intake groove and the intake end located inside the intake cavity is greater than the total opening area of the ventilation groove located inside the collecting cavity, and the total opening area of the ventilation groove located inside the collecting cavity is greater than the total opening area of the radial swirl channel.

[0011] According to a specific implementation method of the embodiment of the present application, a clamping groove is provided on the clamping ring at a position corresponding to the top of the valve plunger, and the top of the valve plunger abuts against the clamping groove, and the radial highest position of the valve plunger is controlled by the clamping groove.

[0012] According to a specific implementation method of an embodiment of the present application, a valve groove is provided on the swirl ring at a position corresponding to the bottom of the valve plunger, the bottom of the retractable structure abuts against the valve groove, and a certain distance is provided between the bottom of the air outlet end of the valve plunger and the valve groove, and the radial lowest position of the valve plunger is controlled by the valve groove.

[0013] According to a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the retractable structure is configured as a spring.

[0014] According to a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, at least three valve plungers are evenly arranged along the circumference of the secondary radial vortex finder.

[0015] Beneficial effects:

[0016] The two-stage radial vortex finder with a valve in the embodiment of the present application is based on the two-stage radial vortex finder in the main combustion chamber of a conventional engine. By designing a positive valve structure at the outer inlet position of the secondary swirl channel of the two-stage radial vortex finder, the flow area of the secondary swirl channel of the radial vortex finder can be actively controlled. When the engine is started and ignited, the area of the secondary swirl channel is reduced, thereby relatively increasing the air intake volume of the primary swirl channel to achieve the purpose of enhancing the fuel atomization effect. In the normal working state after starting, the area of the secondary swirl channel is dynamically adjusted to the required size, thereby meeting the oil and gas matching requirements of the main combustion chamber, and ultimately ensuring that the large-state aerodynamic performance requirements of the main combustion chamber are met while improving the engine starting and ignition performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-stage radial vortex finder with a valve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view in the BB direction;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a valve plunger according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 1 is an exploded view of a two-stage radial vortex finder with a valve according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1. First-stage radial vortex finder; 2. Second-stage radial vortex finder; 201. Clamping ring; 202. Inlet ring; 203. Inlet cavity; 204. Collecting ring; 205. Collecting cavity; 206. Spring; 207. Valve plunger; 208. Swirl ring; 209. Clamping groove; 210. Valve groove; 211. Partition plate; 212. Inlet end; 213. Outlet end; 214. Radial swirl channel; 215. Inlet groove; 216. Vent groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] The following describes the embodiments of the present application through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the contents disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The present application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the following embodiments and embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] It should be noted that various aspects of the embodiments within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It should be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any specific structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on this application, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that an aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number of aspects described herein can be used to implement an apparatus and / or practice a method. In addition, other structures and / or functionalities other than one or more of the aspects described herein can be used to implement this apparatus and / or practice this method.

[0026] It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present application. The illustrations only show components related to the present application and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component can be changed at will, and the component layout type may also be more complicated.

[0027] Additionally, in the following description, specific details are provided to provide a thorough understanding of the examples. However, one skilled in the art will appreciate that the aspects described can be practiced without these specific details.

[0028] The embodiment of the present application provides a two-stage radial vortex finder with a valve, as shown below. Figures 1 to 4 Provide a detailed description.

[0029] In one embodiment, a two-stage radial vortex finder with a valve includes a first-stage radial vortex finder 1 located at the front side and a second-stage radial vortex finder 2 with a valve located at the rear side. The second-stage radial vortex finder 2 is provided with a valve structure at the radial outer inlet position of the swirl channel. A swirl ring 208 is provided inside the second-stage radial vortex finder 2, and a uniform radial swirl channel 214 is provided on the swirl ring 208. The airflow enters the radial swirl channel 214 through the valve structure, and the flow area of the second-stage radial vortex finder 2 is adjusted by self-adjustment of the valve structure.

[0030] In this embodiment, the vortex finder is arranged at the inlet of the flame tube of the main combustion chamber, and together with the fuel nozzle, etc., constitutes the fuel atomization system of the main combustion chamber. On the basis of the two-stage radial vortex finder of the main combustion chamber of a conventional engine, a positive valve structure is designed at the inlet position outside the secondary swirl channel of the two-stage radial vortex finder, which can enhance the fuel atomization effect during engine start-up and ignition, and meet the oil-gas matching requirements of the main combustion chamber under normal working conditions, and ultimately ensure that the large-state aerodynamic performance requirements of the main combustion chamber are met while improving the engine starting and ignition performance.

[0031] Furthermore, the valve structure includes a clamping ring 201, an air intake ring 202, an air intake cavity 203, an air collecting ring 204, an air collecting cavity 205 and a valve plunger 207, which are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside. A plurality of valve plungers 207 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the secondary radial vortex finder 2. The valve plunger 207 passes through the air intake ring 202, the air intake cavity 203, the air collecting ring 204 and the air collecting cavity 205 in sequence along the radial direction of the secondary radial vortex finder 2. The air intake cavity 203 is opened on one side facing the incoming flow, and the other side of the air intake cavity 203 is closed. The air cavity 205 is closed on the front and rear sides along the air flow direction, the bottom of the valve plunger 207 extends to the swirl ring 208, and the top of the valve plunger 207 abuts the inner wall of the clamping ring 201; the valve plunger 207 includes an air inlet end 212 and an air outlet end 213, the air inlet end 212 is communicated with the air inlet cavity 203, and the air outlet end 213 is communicated with the air collecting cavity 205; a retractable structure is provided inside the valve plunger 207, one end of the retractable structure abuts against the inside of the valve plunger 207, and the other end of the retractable structure abuts against the swirl ring 208.

[0032] In this embodiment, the air inlet chamber 203 of the secondary radial vortex finder 2 is an annular cavity, open on the left side for air intake and closed on the right side. The outer radial air inlet ring 202 is provided with a mounting hole for a valve plunger 207. Airflow enters the air inlet chamber 203 from the left side and enters the air collecting chamber 205 through the valve plunger 207. The air collecting chamber 205 of the secondary radial vortex finder 2 is an annular cavity, closed on both sides. The outer radial air collecting ring 204 is provided with a hole that cooperates with the valve plunger 207, and the inner radial swirl ring 208 is provided with a uniform radial swirl channel 214. Airflow enters the air collecting chamber 205 through the valve plunger 207 and, after pressure stabilization, uniformly enters the swirl channel of the secondary radial vortex finder 2.

[0033] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 3 The valve plunger 207 is set to a hollow structure, and a partition 211 is provided on the valve plunger 207. The valve plunger 207 is divided into an air inlet end 212 and an air outlet end 213 by the partition 211. One end of the retractable structure abuts against the side of the partition 211 facing the air outlet end 213.

[0034] In one embodiment, the partition 211 is located at the same radial height as the gas collecting ring 204. Specifically, when the valve plunger 207 is at the initial position, the partition 211 is located at the same radial height as the gas collecting ring 204. At this time, the valve plunger 207 and the gas collecting ring 204 are in a sealed state, and the airflow is only on the side of the air inlet end 212 and cannot enter the gas collecting cavity 205. When the pressure on the side of the air inlet end 212 increases, due to the pressure difference, the valve plunger 207 moves toward the side of the air outlet end 213, the telescopic structure is compressed, and the partition 211 moves with the movement of the valve plunger 207, so that its radial height is lower than the gas collecting ring 204. At this time, the air inlet end 212 is connected to the gas collecting cavity 205, and the airflow passes through the air inlet end 212 and enters the gas collecting cavity 205, and then flows out from the air outlet end 213 to the radial swirl channel 214.

[0035] In one embodiment, the air inlet end 212 of the valve plunger 207 has multiple air inlet grooves 215 evenly distributed around the circumference, and the air outlet end 213 of the valve plunger 207 has multiple air vent grooves 216 evenly distributed around the circumference. Air flows in from the air inlet grooves 215 and out from the air vent grooves 216.

[0036] In one embodiment, when the engine is in the maximum state, the sum of the opening areas of the intake groove 215 and the intake end 212 located inside the intake cavity 203 is greater than the total opening area of the ventilation groove 216 located inside the collecting cavity 205, and the total opening area of the ventilation groove 216 located inside the collecting cavity 205 is greater than the total opening area of the radial swirl channel 214.

[0037] In one embodiment, a clamping groove 209 is provided on the clamping ring 201 at a position corresponding to the top of the valve plunger 207. The top of the valve plunger 207 abuts against the clamping groove 209, and the clamping groove 209 controls the radially highest position of the valve plunger 207. Specifically, the clamping ring 201 of the secondary radial vortex finder 2 is disposed outside the inlet ring 202, and the clamping grooves 209 are provided at circumferential positions corresponding to the valve plunger 207 to control the radially highest position of the valve plunger 207.

[0038] In one embodiment, a valve groove 210 is provided on the swirl ring 208 at a position corresponding to the bottom of the valve plunger 207. The bottom of the retractable structure abuts against the valve groove 210. A certain distance is provided between the bottom of the outlet end 213 of the valve plunger 207 and the valve groove 210. The valve groove 210 controls the lowest radial position of the valve plunger 207. Specifically, the swirl ring 208 of the secondary radial vortex finder 2 is disposed inside the gas collecting cavity 205. The valve groove 210 is provided at a circumferential position corresponding to the valve plunger 207, and the valve spring 206 is placed therein to control the lowest radial position of the valve plunger 207.

[0039] In one embodiment, the retractable structure is configured as a spring 206 .

[0040] In one embodiment, at least three valve plungers 207 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the secondary radial vortex finder 2. To ensure structural stability, intake uniformity, and intake volume requirements, the valve springs 206 and valve plungers 207 are evenly distributed at no less than three locations along the circumference.

[0041] Working principle: In the initial state of the engine not working, the valve plunger 207 is limited to the radial highest position of the clamping groove 209 of the clamping ring 201 under the elastic force of the valve spring 206. At this time, the secondary radial vortex finder 2 is in a closed state or a small flow state; when the engine is working, gas pressure begins to appear at the air inlet chamber 203 of the secondary radial vortex finder 2, and the upper surface of the partition 211 of the valve plunger 207 is affected by the gas pressure, and the lower surface is affected by the elastic force of the valve spring 206. As the engine state improves, the gas pressure on the upper surface of the partition 211 gradually increases and exceeds the elastic force of the spring 206 on the lower surface. The valve plunger 207 moves downward, increasing the flow area of the valve plunger 207, thereby increasing the intake flow of the secondary cyclone, until the engine is in the maximum state, and the lower end of the valve plunger 207 is limited to the radial lowest position of the valve groove 210 of the swirl ring 208.

[0042] The embodiment provided by the present invention is based on the two-stage radial vortex finder in the main combustion chamber of a conventional engine. By designing a positive valve structure at the outer inlet position of the secondary swirl channel of the two-stage radial vortex finder, the flow area of the secondary swirl channel of the radial vortex finder can be actively controlled. When the engine is started and ignited, the area of the secondary swirl channel is reduced, thereby relatively increasing the air intake volume of the primary swirl channel to achieve the purpose of enhancing the fuel atomization effect. In the normal working state after starting, the area of the secondary swirl channel is dynamically adjusted to the required size to meet the oil-gas matching requirements of the main combustion chamber, and finally ensuring that the large-state aerodynamic performance requirements of the main combustion chamber are met while improving the engine starting and ignition performance.

[0043] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A two-stage radial vortex finder with a valve, characterized in that: The invention comprises a primary radial vortex finder (1) located at the front side and a secondary radial vortex finder (2) with a valve located at the rear side. The secondary radial vortex finder (2) is provided with a valve structure at the radial outer inlet position of the swirl channel. A swirl ring (208) is provided inside the secondary radial vortex finder (2). A uniform radial swirl channel (214) is provided on the swirl ring (208). The airflow enters the radial swirl channel (214) through the valve structure. The flow area of the secondary swirl channel of the secondary radial vortex finder (2) is adjusted by self-regulation of the valve structure.

2. The double-stage radial vortex finder with valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve structure comprises a clamping ring (201), an air intake ring 202, an air intake cavity (203), an air collecting ring (204), an air collecting cavity (205), and a valve plunger (207) which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside. A plurality of valve plungers (207) are evenly arranged along the circumference of the secondary radial vortex finder (2). The valve plunger (207) passes through the air intake ring 202, the air intake cavity (203), the air collecting ring (204), and the air collecting cavity (205) in sequence along the radial direction of the secondary radial vortex finder (2). The air intake cavity (203) is opened on one side facing the incoming flow, and is closed on the other side. The air collecting cavity (203) is closed. 205) is closed on both sides along the air flow direction, the bottom of the valve plunger (207) extends to the swirl ring (208), and the top of the valve plunger (207) abuts against the inner wall of the clamping ring (201); the valve plunger (207) includes an air inlet end (212) and an air outlet end (213), the air inlet end (212) is communicated with the air inlet cavity (203), and the air outlet end (213) is communicated with the air collecting cavity (205); a retractable structure is provided inside the valve plunger (207), one end of the retractable structure abuts against the inside of the valve plunger (207), and the other end of the retractable structure abuts against the swirl ring (208).

3. The double-stage radial vortex finder with valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The valve plunger (207) is configured as a hollow structure. A partition (211) is provided on the valve plunger (207). The partition (211) divides the valve plunger (207) into an air inlet end (212) and an air outlet end (213). One end of the telescopic structure abuts against a side of the partition (211) facing the air outlet end (213).

4. The double-stage radial vortex finder with valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: The partition plate (211) and the gas collecting ring (204) are located at the same radial height.

5. The double-stage radial vortex finder with valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air inlet end (212) of the valve plunger (207) is uniformly distributed with multiple air inlet grooves (215) in the circumferential direction, and the air outlet end (213) of the valve plunger (207) is uniformly distributed with multiple ventilation grooves (216) in the circumferential direction.

6. The double-stage radial vortex finder with valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the engine is in the maximum state, the sum of the opening areas of the intake groove (215) and the intake end (212) located inside the intake cavity (203) is greater than the total opening area of the ventilation groove (216) located inside the gas collecting cavity (205), and the total opening area of the ventilation groove (216) located inside the gas collecting cavity (205) is greater than the total opening area of the radial swirl channel (214).

7. The double-stage radial vortex finder with valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: A clamping groove (209) is provided on the clamping ring (201) at a position corresponding to the top of the valve plunger (207), and the top of the valve plunger (207) abuts against the clamping groove (209), and the radial highest position of the valve plunger (207) is controlled by the clamping groove (209).

8. The double-stage radial vortex finder with valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: A valve groove (210) is provided on the swirl ring (208) at a position corresponding to the bottom of the valve plunger (207), the bottom of the telescopic structure abuts against the valve groove (210), a certain distance is provided between the bottom of the air outlet end (213) of the valve plunger (207) and the valve groove (210), and the lowest radial position of the valve plunger (207) is controlled by the valve groove (210).

9. The double-stage radial vortex finder with a valve according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that: The retractable structure is provided as a spring (206).

10. The double-stage radial vortex finder with a valve according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that: At least three valve plungers (207) are evenly arranged along the circumference of the secondary radial vortex finder (2).

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