Rock mass quality evaluation method and evaluation device based on TBM tunneling surrounding rock micro-seismic monitoring

Abstract

The invention relates to a rock mass quality evaluation method and evaluation device based on TBM tunneling surrounding rock micro-seismic monitoring, and the method comprises the steps: collecting a micro-seismic signal generated by rock mass fracture during tunneling of a full face tunnel boring machine TBM; processing the micro-seismic signal to obtain a mechanical wave signal meeting a preset condition; and extracting at least one rock mass wave velocity parameter according to the mechanical wave signal, analyzing rock strength and rock mass integrity information according to the at least one rock mass wave velocity parameter, and generating a rock mass quality evaluation index according to the rock strength and rock mass integrity information. Therefore, the problems that in the related technology, a rock mass quality evaluation method can only obtain local point data, the coverage range is limited, the overall state of the rock mass in front of tunneling is difficult to comprehensively reflect, the detection period is long, and the dynamic change of surrounding rock is difficult to reflect in real time are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rock mass quality evaluation, and in particular to a rock mass quality evaluation method and evaluation device based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock during TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) excavation. Background Art

[0002] TBM (Transport Bombardment) technology is widely used in tunnel and underground engineering construction due to its high efficiency and safety. The stability of the surrounding rock during TBM excavation is directly related to the safety and economic efficiency of the project.

[0003] In related technologies, the evaluation of rock quality mainly relies on drilling sampling and laboratory testing. Core samples are obtained by drilling at preset points and transported to the laboratory for a series of physical and mechanical tests to evaluate parameters such as compressive strength, tensile strength, and elastic modulus, thereby deriving the quality grade of the rock mass.

[0004] However, in related technologies, drilling sampling can only obtain local point data with limited spatial coverage, making it difficult to fully reflect the overall state of the rock mass ahead of excavation. In addition, the process from sampling to laboratory testing usually takes a certain amount of time, which cannot meet the real-time decision-making needs of rapid TBM excavation and urgently needs improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a rock mass quality evaluation method and evaluation device based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock during TBM excavation, in order to solve the technical problems in related technologies such as long cycle, limited spatial coverage, inability to capture subtle changes, and difficulty in reflecting dynamic changes of surrounding rock in real time.

[0006] The first aspect of the present application provides a rock quality evaluation method based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rocks during TBM excavation, comprising the following steps: collecting microseismic signals generated by rock fracture during the excavation of a full-face tunnel boring machine (TBM); processing the microseismic signals to obtain mechanical wave signals that meet preset conditions; extracting at least one rock mass wave velocity parameter based on the mechanical wave signal, analyzing rock strength and rock mass integrity information based on the at least one rock mass wave velocity parameter, and generating a rock mass quality evaluation index based on the rock strength and rock mass integrity information.

[0007] Through the above technical means, microseismic signals generated by rock fracture during TBM excavation are collected. After processing, the rock strength and rock integrity information are comprehensively analyzed to generate rock quality evaluation indicators. This can monitor the rock state in real time and continuously, comprehensively reflect the overall condition of the surrounding rock, and provide timely and accurate data support for the construction process.

[0008] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the processing of the microseismic signal to obtain a mechanical wave signal that meets preset conditions includes: performing wavelet processing and local gain amplification processing on the microseismic signal to obtain a processed microseismic signal; and extracting and picking up P-wave arrival information based on the microseismic signal to generate a mechanical wave signal that meets the preset conditions.

[0009] By using the above technical means, the P-wave arrival information can be extracted and picked up based on the microseismic signals, and timely warnings can be issued when abnormal stress concentration or fracture trends appear in the rock mass. This enables real-time perception and dynamic tracking of the surrounding rock state, providing strong technical support for rock stability assessment and risk prevention and control during TBM excavation.

[0010] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, extracting at least one rock mass wave velocity parameter based on the mechanical wave signal includes: analyzing the propagation time and propagation path of the microseismic signal based on the mechanical wave signal; and calculating the rock mass wave velocity of the at least one rock mass wave velocity parameter based on the propagation time and the propagation path.

[0011] Through the above technical means, the rock mass velocity of at least one rock mass velocity parameter is calculated based on the propagation time and propagation path of the microseismic signal. Therefore, by accurately obtaining and calculating the velocity parameters, the embodiments of the present application can provide basic data support for subsequent rock mass strength analysis, integrity assessment, and quality grading.

[0012] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the calculation formula for the rock mass wave velocity may be:

[0013]

[0014] Among them, V p is the equivalent average P-wave velocity of the rock mass in the monitoring section; L is the length of the monitoring section; t is the propagation time of the signal in the monitoring section; i is the number of segments with different wave velocities within the monitoring section; L i is the length of the i-th segment within the monitoring range; V ai is the actual average wave velocity of the i-th segment within the monitoring range.

[0015] By using the above technical means, the equivalent average P-wave velocity of the rock mass in the monitoring section is calculated, and comprehensive wave velocity information can be obtained throughout the entire monitoring section, covering more rock mass areas and enabling real-time monitoring of the rock mass status during excavation. At the same time, wave velocity measurement can provide more reliable data support, accurately reflecting the mechanical properties, integrity and potential geological problems of the rock mass, contributing to a more scientific assessment of rock mass quality, improving the safety of the construction process and the accuracy of decision-making.

[0016] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, generating a rock quality evaluation index based on the rock strength and rock integrity information includes: calculating a rock quality evaluation index value based on the rock strength and rock integrity information; matching a rock quality level based on the rock quality evaluation index to determine the rock quality evaluation index.

[0017] Through the above technical means, the rock quality evaluation index value is calculated based on the rock strength and rock integrity information, thereby determining the rock quality evaluation index. This can greatly improve the standardization and accuracy of rock quality evaluation. The quantified calculation of the rock quality evaluation index value makes the evaluation result more objective, avoids the errors caused by subjective judgment, and provides more accurate and clear rock quality data support for TBM excavation construction, effectively improving the scientific nature of construction decision-making and the safety and efficiency of the construction process.

[0018] The second aspect of the present application provides a rock quality evaluation device based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock during TBM excavation, including: an acquisition module for acquiring microseismic signals generated by rock fracture during full-face tunnel boring machine (TBM) excavation; a processing module for processing the microseismic signals to obtain mechanical wave signals that meet preset conditions; an evaluation module for extracting at least one rock wave velocity parameter based on the mechanical wave signal, analyzing rock strength and rock integrity information based on the at least one rock wave velocity parameter, and generating a rock quality evaluation index based on the rock strength and rock integrity information.

[0019] Through the above technical means, microseismic signals generated by rock fracture during TBM excavation are collected. After processing, the rock strength and rock integrity information are comprehensively analyzed to generate rock quality evaluation indicators. This can monitor the rock state in real time and continuously, comprehensively reflect the overall condition of the surrounding rock, and provide timely and accurate data support for the construction process.

[0020] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the processing module includes: a processing unit for performing wavelet processing and local gain amplification processing on the microseismic signal to obtain a processed microseismic signal; a generation unit for extracting and picking up P-wave arrival information based on the microseismic signal to generate the mechanical wave signal of the preset condition.

[0021] By using the above technical means, the P-wave arrival information can be extracted and picked up based on the microseismic signals, and timely warnings can be issued when abnormal stress concentration or fracture trends appear in the rock mass. This enables real-time perception and dynamic tracking of the surrounding rock state, providing strong technical support for rock stability assessment and risk prevention and control during TBM excavation.

[0022] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the evaluation module includes: an analysis unit for analyzing the propagation time and propagation path of the microseismic signal based on the mechanical wave signal; and a first calculation unit for calculating the rock wave velocity of the at least one rock wave velocity parameter based on the propagation time and the propagation path.

[0023] Through the above technical means, the rock mass velocity of at least one rock mass velocity parameter is calculated based on the propagation time and propagation path of the microseismic signal. Therefore, the accurate acquisition and calculation of the velocity parameter can provide basic data support for subsequent rock mass strength analysis, integrity assessment, and quality classification.

[0024] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the calculation formula for the rock mass wave velocity is:

[0025]

[0026] Among them, V p is the equivalent average P-wave velocity of the rock mass in the monitoring section; L is the length of the monitoring section; t is the propagation time of the signal in the monitoring section; i is the number of segments with different wave velocities within the monitoring section; L i is the length of the i-th segment within the monitoring range; V ai is the actual average wave velocity of the i-th segment within the monitoring range.

[0027] By using the above technical means, the equivalent average P-wave velocity of the rock mass in the monitoring section is calculated, and comprehensive wave velocity information can be obtained throughout the entire monitoring section, covering more rock mass areas and enabling real-time monitoring of the rock mass status during excavation. At the same time, wave velocity measurement can provide more reliable data support, accurately reflecting the mechanical properties, integrity and potential geological problems of the rock mass, contributing to a more scientific assessment of rock mass quality, improving the safety of the construction process and the accuracy of decision-making.

[0028] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the evaluation module includes: a second calculation unit, used to calculate the rock quality evaluation index value based on the rock strength and rock integrity information; a determination unit, used to match the rock quality level according to the rock quality evaluation index and determine the rock quality evaluation index.

[0029] Through the above technical means, the rock quality evaluation index value is calculated based on the rock strength and rock integrity information, thereby determining the rock quality evaluation index. This can greatly improve the standardization and accuracy of rock quality evaluation. The quantified calculation of the rock quality evaluation index value makes the evaluation result more objective, avoids the errors caused by subjective judgment, and provides more accurate and clear rock quality data support for TBM excavation construction, effectively improving the scientific nature of construction decision-making and the safety and efficiency of the construction process.

[0030] The third aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the rock quality evaluation method based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock during TBM excavation as described in the above embodiment.

[0031] The fourth aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the program is executed by a processor, it implements the above-mentioned rock quality evaluation method based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock during TBM excavation.

[0032] The fifth aspect of the present application provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which, when executed, is used to implement the above-mentioned rock quality evaluation method based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock during TBM excavation.

[0033] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of a microseismic monitoring system according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of a microseismic monitoring system for surrounding rock during TBM excavation according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of acceleration sensors according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of a rock mass quality evaluation method based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock during TBM excavation according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a mechanical wave signal after wavelet transformation according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a rock mass quality evaluation device based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock during TBM excavation according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 7 The present invention is a structural diagram of an electronic device provided according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Reference numerals:

[0043] 10 - Rock mass quality evaluation device based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock during TBM excavation; 100 - acquisition module, 200 - processing module and 300 - evaluation module; 701 - memory, 702 - processor and 703 - communication interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present application, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0045] The following describes a rock mass quality evaluation method and apparatus based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock during TBM excavation according to an embodiment of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings. In response to the technical problems of the rock mass quality evaluation methods mentioned in the above background art, such as long cycle times, limited coverage, inability to capture subtle changes, and difficulty in reflecting dynamic changes of surrounding rock in real time, the present application provides a rock mass quality evaluation method based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock during TBM excavation. In this method, mechanical wave information generated by rock mass fracture during TBM excavation is obtained through microseismic monitoring technology. Combined with the signal processing method of wavelet analysis, the rock mass wave velocity is effectively extracted, further indirectly characterizing the rock strength and rock mass integrity, and ultimately generating a comprehensive evaluation index of rock mass quality. Microfracture signals generated by stress concentration or structural disturbance within the rock mass during TBM excavation can be captured in real time. The method has high sensitivity and spatial resolution, avoids time delays and spatial limitations in sampling and testing, realizes refined monitoring of the evolution process of microscopic fracture of the surrounding rock, dynamically reflects the changing characteristics of the rock mass structure, and can also realize early identification and risk warning of potential unstable areas, significantly improving the safety of excavation construction. This solves the problems of rock quality evaluation methods in related technologies, such as long cycle, limited coverage, and difficulty in reflecting dynamic changes of surrounding rocks in real time.

[0046] Before explaining the rock mass quality evaluation method based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock during TBM excavation provided by the embodiment of the present application, the system architecture and application scenarios involved in the embodiment of the present application are first explained. Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 .

[0047] like Figure 1As shown, the microseismic monitoring system consists of a signal amplifier 105, a signal processor 106, a control computer 108, and an accelerometer 104. When a TBM (Transportation Machine) excavates rock mass 101, a microfracture source 102 is generated within the excavation face. The resulting mechanical wave signal 103 propagates through the rock mass 101 to the accelerometer 104. The signal is then received and transmitted to the control computer 108 after passing through an integration device 107. The signal amplifier 105 performs local signal gain amplification on the clean mechanical wave information. The signal processor 106 extracts P-wave arrival information from the amplified signal. The control computer 108 controls signal acquisition throughout the entire process. The accelerometer 104 is typically buried in the rock mass 101 to receive the mechanical wave signal 103 generated by rock fracture during TBM excavation.

[0048] Furthermore, if Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, depending on the tunnel excavation cross-section size (typically 3-14 meters) and the available operating environment, no fewer than four acceleration sensors 104 are spatially arranged. Generally speaking, acceleration sensors 104 are distributed side by side from the arch haunch to the arch crown on both sides of the tunnel. The first row of acceleration sensors is 40-80 meters from the tunnel face, and adjacent rows are spaced 20-40 meters apart. The acceleration sensors are buried near the tunnel surface 109.

[0049] Based on the system architecture and application scenarios proposed in the above embodiments, the rock quality evaluation method based on microseismic monitoring of the surrounding rock of TBM excavation in the embodiment of the present application can be implemented. The method is described in detail below in combination with the execution process of the rock quality evaluation method based on microseismic monitoring of the surrounding rock of TBM excavation.

[0050] Specifically, Figure 4 A flow chart of a rock mass quality evaluation method based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock during TBM excavation provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown in FIG, the rock mass quality evaluation method based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock during TBM excavation includes the following steps:

[0052] In step S401, microseismic signals generated by rock mass fracture during tunneling by a full-face tunnel boring machine (TBM) are collected.

[0053] In the embodiments of this application, during TBM excavation, when the rock mass is subjected to the forces of cutterhead thrust, ground stress disturbance, or structural surface shear, tiny fractures or slippage occur within the rock mass. These fractures release low-energy elastic waves, or microseismic signals. By deploying a highly sensitive microseismic monitoring system around the tunnel or on the excavation equipment, these microseismic fluctuations can be collected in real time, capturing information such as the timing, location, and intensity of internal rock fracture events. This provides important raw data for subsequent analysis of rock mass wave velocity, strength characteristics, integrity assessment, and instability risk warnings. This system offers the advantages of being non-contact, non-destructive, and continuous in real time.

[0054] In step S402 , the microseismic signal is processed to obtain a mechanical wave signal that meets a preset condition.

[0055] It should be noted that since microseismic signals will be affected by geological noise, mechanical vibration, environmental interference, etc. during the propagation process, the original received signals are often mixed and noisy, and need to be processed to obtain mechanical wave signals that meet the preset conditions.

[0056] The preset conditions may include that the signal-to-noise ratio of the mechanical wave signal must reach a certain threshold, and that the signal must contain a complete wave group structure, including a leading noise segment, a main wave segment, and a tail wave segment, to ensure the accuracy of subsequent P-wave pickup and propagation time calculation. The preset conditions can be set by those skilled in the art based on actual circumstances and are not specifically limited here.

[0057] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the microseismic signal is processed to obtain a mechanical wave signal that meets preset conditions, including: performing wavelet processing and local gain amplification processing on the microseismic signal to obtain a processed microseismic signal; extracting and picking up P-wave arrival information based on the microseismic signal to generate a mechanical wave signal that meets preset conditions.

[0058] Among seismic waves, P waves (primary waves) are the fastest-propagating longitudinal waves that arrive at the receiver first. Accurately identifying the first arrival time of P waves is crucial for calculating wave velocity, inverting the earthquake source location, and subsequent rock mass evaluation.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present application, due to the numerous noise interference sources during the on-site TBM construction phase, the effective signals collected by the microseismic monitoring system will be subject to various noise interferences. During the identification process of rock fracture signals, other types of signals need to be eliminated.

[0060] Specifically, the embodiment of the present application uses a continuous wavelet transform method to perform time-frequency analysis on the original signal, extract the time-frequency domain features of the typical signal, and effectively identify the rock fracture signal. The specific formula can be shown as follows:

[0061]

[0062] Among them, W(τ,s) is the continuous wavelet transform time-scale spectrum, τ is the time window shift parameter, s is the time window scale parameter, is the wavelet basis function, and f(t) is the original mechanical wave signal.

[0063] Furthermore, after filtering the microseismic signal, we can obtain Figure 5 Among the various types of signals shown, the micro-fracture signal is the effective signal that needs to be obtained in the embodiment of the present application.

[0064] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, only P waves are selected for picking up, because S waves are easily interfered by various noises and are difficult to pick up.

[0065] Furthermore, the filtered information of rock fracture is imported into the coordinate system, and the P-wave arrival time is picked up based on the known coordinates of the tunnel face and the acceleration sensor.

[0066] In the embodiment of the present application, by performing wavelet processing and local gain amplification processing on the microseismic signal, high-quality P-wave information that can be used for calculation can be extracted from the original microseismic data, providing reliable input for rock velocity calculation, intensity inversion, structure identification, etc., significantly improving the practicality and accuracy of microseismic monitoring.

[0067] In step S403, at least one rock velocity parameter is extracted according to the mechanical wave signal, rock strength and rock integrity information is analyzed according to the at least one rock velocity parameter, and a rock quality evaluation index is generated according to the rock strength and rock integrity information.

[0068] It should be noted that the rock mass velocity parameter mainly refers to the longitudinal wave velocity (V p ), shear wave velocity (V s ) and its ratio (V p / V s ), which can be a dynamic indicator of the internal structural state of the rock mass. Specifically, rock mass wave velocity parameters can be used to assess rock mass integrity. Higher wave velocity generally indicates denser rock mass, fewer fractures, and better integrity. Rock mass wave velocity parameters can also identify unfavorable geology. Low wave velocity areas may contain fracture zones, faults, cavities, or high water content areas.

[0069] For example, the rock mass velocity parameter V p At 5000-6000m / s, it may be complete granite, while V p When the speed is lower than 3000m / s, it may be in the fracture zone, and the V of the fault zone p May drop to 2500m / s, V p / V s The ratio increases to above 2.0, while the Vp May be lower, while V p / V s The ratio increased significantly.

[0070] In the embodiments of the present application, the rock strength and rock integrity information that can be inverted through microseismic wave velocity data comprehensively reflects the mechanical properties and structural state of the surrounding rock. As the basic parameters for constructing rock quality evaluation indicators, it has important guiding value for construction risk identification, equipment control strategy optimization and support design.

[0071] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, extracting at least one rock mass wave velocity parameter based on the mechanical wave signal includes: analyzing the propagation time and propagation path of the microseismic signal based on the mechanical wave signal; and calculating the rock mass wave velocity of at least one rock mass wave velocity parameter based on the propagation time and propagation path.

[0072] In some embodiments, the propagation time represents the time it takes for a signal to propagate from the source to the sensor, which can be obtained by picking up the first arrival time of the P wave in the microseismic signal; the propagation path represents the propagation trajectory from the source to the sensor, which can also be determined based on the spatial geometric position relationship between the source and the seismic detector.

[0073] Specifically, the embodiments of the present application analyze the propagation time and path of microseismic signals to calculate the rock mass P-wave velocity, a key parameter for evaluating surrounding rock quality. Because microseismic monitoring systems use uniform wave velocity for earthquake source location, it is necessary to obtain the average P-wave velocity of the rock mass within the microseismic monitoring range. Therefore, the embodiments of the present application employ the equivalent wave velocity principle to calculate the equivalent average P-wave velocity of the rock mass within the microseismic monitoring range.

[0074] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the calculation formula of the rock mass wave velocity can be expressed as:

[0075]

[0076] Among them, V p is the equivalent average P-wave velocity of the rock mass in the monitoring section; L is the length of the monitoring section; t is the propagation time of the signal in the monitoring section; i is the number of segments with different wave velocities within the monitoring section; L i is the length of the i-th segment within the monitoring range; V ai is the actual average wave velocity of the i-th segment within the monitoring range.

[0077] In a specific embodiment, during the TBM excavation process, the embodiment of the present application can deploy a microseismic monitoring array to collect the arrival time of the P wave propagating in the rock mass to each detection point after the source excitation, and calculate the rock mass wave velocity in combination with the geometric path length. The obtained wave velocity parameters can be used to invert rock strength, judge the integrity of the surrounding rock, and further be used for rock mass quality evaluation and excavation strategy optimization.

[0078] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, a rock quality evaluation index is generated based on rock strength and rock integrity information, including: calculating the rock quality evaluation index value based on rock strength and rock integrity information; matching the rock quality level according to the rock quality evaluation index to determine the rock quality evaluation index.

[0079] For example, in an embodiment of the present application, the rock strength and rock integrity can be indirectly characterized based on the rock P-wave velocity extracted from microseismic monitoring, and the obtained rock strength and rock integrity information can be brought into a general rock quality evaluation method to calculate the rock quality evaluation index BQ that comprehensively considers the rock strength and rock integrity, and perform a graded evaluation of the surrounding rock quality.

[0080] As a possible implementation method, the specific principles of the embodiment of the present application can be as follows:

[0081] The rock mass quality is classified according to the index BQ, and the quantitative index R of the classification factor is used. c and K v Calculate the BQ value:

[0082] BQ=100+3R c +250K v ,

[0083] R c =0.038V p -50,

[0084]

[0085] Among them, BQ is the rock mass quality evaluation index, R c is the saturated uniaxial compressive strength of rock, K v is the integrity factor, V p Equivalent average P-wave velocity of rock mass, V pl This is the rock P-wave velocity obtained from indoor testing.

[0086] It should be noted that when R c >90K v +30, R c =90K v +30 and K v Substitute into the formula to calculate the BQ value; when K v >0.04R c +0.4, K v =0.04R c +0.4 and R c Substitute into the formula to calculate the BQ value.

[0087] Furthermore, according to the calculated BQ value, the rock mass quality can be graded and evaluated. Table 1 is a rock mass quality grading table, as shown in Table 1.

[0088] Table 1

[0089]

[0090] According to the rock mass quality evaluation method based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock during TBM excavation proposed in the embodiment of the present application, the mechanical wave information generated by rock mass fracture during TBM excavation can be obtained through microseismic monitoring technology, and the rock mass wave velocity can be effectively extracted by combining the signal processing method of wavelet analysis, further indirectly characterizing the rock strength and rock mass integrity, and finally generating a comprehensive evaluation index of rock mass quality. As a result, microfracture signals generated by stress disturbance or structural change in the rock mass can be captured in real time during TBM excavation, and dynamic perception of the mechanical properties and structural stability of the surrounding rock can be achieved, providing a real-time, continuous and accurate data basis for rock mass quality evaluation, realizing early identification and risk warning of potential unstable areas, and improving the safety of excavation construction. As a result, the problems of long cycle, limited coverage, and difficulty in reflecting the dynamic changes of the surrounding rock in the rock mass quality evaluation methods in related technologies are solved.

[0091] Next, a rock mass quality evaluation device based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock during TBM excavation according to an embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0092] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a rock mass quality evaluation device based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock during TBM excavation according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0093] like Figure 6 As shown, the rock mass quality evaluation device 10 based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rocks during TBM excavation includes: an acquisition module 100 , a processing module 200 and an evaluation module 300 .

[0094] The acquisition module 100 is used to acquire microseismic signals generated by rock mass fracture during tunneling by a full-face tunnel boring machine (TBM).

[0095] The processing module 200 is used to process the microseismic signal to obtain a mechanical wave signal that meets preset conditions.

[0096] The evaluation module 300 is used to extract at least one rock mass velocity parameter based on the mechanical wave signal, analyze rock strength and rock mass integrity information based on the at least one rock mass velocity parameter, and generate a rock mass quality evaluation index based on the rock strength and rock mass integrity information.

[0097] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the processing module 200 includes: a processing unit and a generating unit.

[0098] The processing unit is used to perform wavelet processing and local gain amplification processing on the microseismic signal to obtain a processed microseismic signal.

[0099] The generating unit is used to extract and pick up the P-wave arrival information according to the microseismic signal to generate a mechanical wave signal with preset conditions.

[0100] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the evaluation module 300 includes: an analysis unit and a first calculation unit.

[0101] The analysis unit is used to analyze the propagation time and propagation path of the microseismic signal based on the mechanical wave signal.

[0102] The first calculation unit is configured to calculate a rock mass wave velocity of at least one rock mass wave velocity parameter according to the propagation time and the propagation path.

[0103] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the calculation formula for the rock mass wave velocity is:

[0104]

[0105] Among them, V p is the equivalent average P-wave velocity of the rock mass in the monitoring section; L is the length of the monitoring section; t is the propagation time of the signal in the monitoring section; i is the number of segments with different wave velocities within the monitoring section; L i is the length of the i-th segment within the monitoring range; V ai is the actual average wave velocity of the i-th segment within the monitoring range.

[0106] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the evaluation module 300 includes: a second calculation unit and a determination unit.

[0107] The second calculation unit is used to calculate the rock mass quality evaluation index value based on the rock strength and rock mass integrity information.

[0108] The determination unit is used to match the rock mass quality level according to the rock mass quality evaluation index and determine the rock mass quality evaluation index.

[0109] It should be noted that the above explanation of the embodiment of the rock mass quality evaluation method based on microseismic monitoring of TBM excavation surrounding rock is also applicable to the rock mass quality evaluation device based on microseismic monitoring of TBM excavation surrounding rock in this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0110] According to the rock quality evaluation device based on microseismic monitoring of TBM excavation surrounding rock proposed in the embodiment of the present application, micro-fracture signals generated by stress disturbance or structural change in the rock mass can be captured in real time during TBM excavation, thereby realizing dynamic perception of the mechanical properties and structural stability of the surrounding rock, providing a real-time, continuous and accurate data basis for rock quality evaluation, realizing early identification and risk warning of potential unstable areas, and improving the safety of excavation construction.

[0111] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device may include:

[0112] A memory 701 , a processor 702 , and a computer program stored in the memory 701 and executable on the processor 702 .

[0113] When the processor 702 executes the program, the rock mass quality evaluation method based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock during TBM excavation provided in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0114] Furthermore, the electronic device further includes:

[0115] The communication interface 703 is used for communication between the memory 701 and the processor 702 .

[0116] The memory 701 is used to store computer programs that can be run on the processor 702 .

[0117] The memory 701 may include a high-speed RAM memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory.

[0118] If the memory 701, processor 702, and communication interface 703 are implemented independently, the communication interface 703, memory 701, and processor 702 can be interconnected via a bus and communicate with each other. The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus. Buses can be divided into address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 7 Only one thick line is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0119] Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the memory 701, the processor 702 and the communication interface 703 are integrated on a chip, the memory 701, the processor 702 and the communication interface 703 can communicate with each other through an internal interface.

[0120] The processor 702 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present application.

[0121] This embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned rock mass quality evaluation method based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock during TBM excavation is implemented.

[0122] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which can run computer instructions. When the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the rock quality evaluation method based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock during TBM excavation provided in an embodiment of the present application is implemented.

[0123] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or N embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0124] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of this application, "N" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0125] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, fragment or portion of code comprising one or N executable instructions for implementing a custom logical function or process step, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes alternative implementations in which functions may be performed in a different order than shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in a reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present application pertain.

[0126] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing the logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (e.g., a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include the following: an electrical connection with one or N wires (electronic devices), a portable computer disk cartridge (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program can be obtained electronically by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or processing it in other suitable ways as necessary, and then storing it in a computer memory.

[0127] It should be understood that various parts of the present application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiment, the N steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented using hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following technologies known in the art: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application-specific integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0128] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the method of the above embodiment can be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

[0129] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0130] The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, etc. Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Persons skilled in the art may make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A rock mass quality evaluation method based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock during TBM excavation, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Collect microseismic signals generated by rock mass fracture during tunneling by a full-face tunnel boring machine (TBM); Processing the microseismic signal to obtain a mechanical wave signal that meets preset conditions; At least one rock mass velocity parameter is extracted according to the mechanical wave signal, rock strength and rock mass integrity information is analyzed according to the at least one rock mass velocity parameter, and a rock mass quality evaluation index is generated according to the rock strength and rock mass integrity information.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The processing of the microseismic signal to obtain a mechanical wave signal that meets a preset condition includes: performing wavelet processing and local gain amplification processing on the microseismic signal to obtain a processed microseismic signal; The P-wave arrival information is extracted and picked up according to the microseismic signal to generate the mechanical wave signal of the preset condition.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The extracting at least one rock mass wave velocity parameter according to the mechanical wave signal comprises: analyzing the propagation time and propagation path of the microseismic signal according to the mechanical wave signal; The rock mass wave velocity of the at least one rock mass wave velocity parameter is calculated according to the propagation time and the propagation path.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The calculation formula of the rock mass wave velocity is: Among them, V p is the equivalent average P-wave velocity of the rock mass in the monitoring section; L is the length of the monitoring section; t is the propagation time of the signal in the monitoring section; i is the number of segments with different wave velocities within the monitoring section; L i is the length of the i-th segment within the monitoring range; V ai is the actual average wave velocity of the i-th segment within the monitoring range.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein Generating a rock mass quality evaluation index according to the rock strength and rock mass integrity information includes: Calculating a rock mass quality evaluation index value based on the rock strength and rock mass integrity information; The rock mass quality evaluation index is matched with the rock mass quality level to determine the rock mass quality evaluation index.

6. A rock mass quality evaluation device based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock during TBM excavation, characterized in that: include: The acquisition module is used to collect microseismic signals generated by rock fracture during the excavation of the full-face tunnel boring machine (TBM); a processing module, configured to process the microseismic signal to obtain a mechanical wave signal that meets preset conditions; An evaluation module is used to extract at least one rock mass velocity parameter based on the mechanical wave signal, analyze rock strength and rock mass integrity information based on the at least one rock mass velocity parameter, and generate a rock mass quality evaluation index based on the rock strength and rock mass integrity information.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that The processing module includes: a processing unit, configured to perform wavelet processing and local gain amplification processing on the microseismic signal to obtain a processed microseismic signal; A generating unit is used to extract and pick up P-wave arrival information according to the microseismic signal to generate a mechanical wave signal with the preset conditions.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the rock mass quality evaluation method based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock during TBM excavation as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: The program is executed by a processor to implement the rock mass quality evaluation method based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock during TBM excavation as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that The computer program is executed to implement the rock mass quality evaluation method based on microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock during TBM excavation as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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