Assembling and welding method for rigid space steel structure

Abstract

The invention discloses an assembling and welding method for a rigid space steel structure, which comprises the following steps: S1, modular decomposition and pre-assembling: carrying out three-dimensional modeling on a steel corridor based on a BIM platform, decomposing the whole structure into a plurality of standardized modules, and verifying by adopting laser; according to the method, accurate construction planning and real-time adjustment are achieved through application of the BIM modeling and simulation technology, the BIM technology optimizes the component decomposition, pre-assembly and installation sequence, constructors can conduct operation according to an accurate digital model, the component butt joint accuracy is improved, the simulation system prejudges welding deformation and provides a compensation strategy, and the construction efficiency is improved. And meanwhile, a high-altitude module digital system monitors installation deviation in real time, adjustment is conducted through an intelligent control algorithm, the module positioning precision is controlled within 1 cm, the stability and the installation precision of the overall structure are ensured, the construction quality is improved, and the rework rate is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of data management, in particular to an assembling and welding method for a rigid spatial steel structure. Background Art

[0002] A rigid spatial steel structure is a high-rigidity, high-stability spatial structural system primarily made of steel, achieved through rational structural design and node connections. Its core characteristic is that by optimizing material distribution, connection methods, and support systems, it ensures minimal structural deformation under load. It is suitable for large-span, ultra-high-rise buildings, or those requiring high stability.

[0003] In the prior art, such as the Chinese patent number CN114776061B, "A construction method for lossless connection of auxiliary components of steel structures with the main structure", includes the following steps: construction preparation: preparing watch chain accessories and lifeline columns, wire ropes, standard sections, and end connecting sections; assembling the watch chain and welding the columns; drilling holes distributed along the thickness direction of the standard section, and providing a suction cup at one end of the hole for covering the roof purlin to form a closed space, and then expelling the gas in the closed space by squeezing the inner concave surface, so as to achieve lossless connection with the roof purlin through the external atmospheric pressure; forming a belt chain that has not yet been closed, and welding a round tube in the middle; assembling and lifting at high altitude; providing a hole at the upper end of the round tube for installing the wire rope to pass the wire rope, and providing a rope clip at the end of the wire rope.

[0004] The construction of traditional rigid spatial steel structures (such as large-span steel corridors) usually adopts overall hoisting or high-altitude loose assembly technology. However, overall hoisting has high requirements for hoisting equipment, and there is a risk of component deformation and insufficient safety. The high-altitude loose assembly technology is greatly affected by the environment and manual operation, which can easily lead to component dislocation and unstable weld quality, thus affecting the installation accuracy. In addition, traditional processes are difficult to achieve modular collaboration, resulting in a long construction period, high cost and low efficiency. At the same time, the pre-embedded positioning accuracy of the supports is insufficient, which not only affects the stability of the overall structure, but also increases the difficulty of connecting the seismic isolation supports.

[0005] Therefore, we propose a method for assembling and welding rigid spatial steel structures in order to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for assembling and welding rigid spatial steel structures to solve the problem proposed in the above-mentioned background technology that the overall lifting has high requirements on lifting equipment, there is a risk of component deformation, and the safety is insufficient. The high-altitude loose assembly process is greatly affected by the environment and manual operation, which can easily lead to component dislocation and unstable weld quality, thereby affecting the installation accuracy. In addition, traditional processes are difficult to achieve modular coordination, resulting in a long construction period, high cost and low efficiency. At the same time, the pre-embedded positioning accuracy of the support is insufficient, which not only affects the stability of the overall structure, but also increases the difficulty of docking the seismic isolation support.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for assembling and welding a rigid spatial steel structure, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Modular decomposition and pre-assembly: 3D modeling of the steel corridor was carried out based on the BIM platform. The overall structure was decomposed into several standardized modules, which were then verified using lasers.

[0009] S2. Digital simulation and dynamic control: Use a simulation integrated system to simulate the hoisting and welding process, and use a high-altitude module digital system to monitor installation deviations in real time;

[0010] S3. High-precision seismic isolation bearing positioning: Using the transition steel plate pre-embedded technology, a transition steel plate is set on the top surface of the lower pier, and anchor holes and exhaust holes are pre-drilled;

[0011] S4. Modular high-altitude assembly and welding: Use segmented lifting combined with aerial assembly technology, and install in the order of modules divided by the BIM model;

[0012] S5. Digital collaborative management: Use the BIM platform to integrate construction data and achieve real-time monitoring of construction progress and quality.

[0013] Preferably, in step S1, three-dimensional modeling of the steel corridor is performed based on the BIM platform, and after the overall structure is decomposed into several standardized modules, laser verification is performed, including the following:

[0014] S10. Structural modularization: Based on the BIM model, the overall structure of the steel corridor is rationally divided into standardized construction modules, including steel columns, steel beams, and seismic isolation bearing units;

[0015] S11. Ground pre-assembly: All standardized modules are assembled on the ground in the pre-assembly area of the factory or construction site. During the pre-assembly process, BIM technology is used for real-time guidance, and construction simulation is combined to optimize the installation sequence;

[0016] S12. Laser scanning dimensional accuracy verification: After pre-assembly, laser scanning technology is used to perform high-precision detection of the dimensional accuracy of each module. Laser scanning can capture the three-dimensional point cloud data of the module.

[0017] Preferably, in step S12, the error is ensured to be controlled within ±3 mm, and the three-dimensional point cloud data is compared and analyzed with the BIM model to discover and adjust the error in a timely manner.

[0018] Preferably, in step S2, the hoisting and welding process is simulated by using a simulation integrated system, and the installation deviation is monitored in real time by using a high-altitude module digital system, including the following:

[0019] S20, determining the module installation sequence: During the hoisting stage, the optimal module installation sequence is determined through simulation calculations, and the layout of the hoisting points is optimized;

[0020] S21. Predicting welding deformation: During the welding process, the simulation system is used to predict possible welding deformation problems and provide corresponding compensation strategies;

[0021] S22. Monitoring module installation deviation: Relying on the high-altitude module digital system, the module installation deviation is monitored in real time, and dynamic adjustments are made through intelligent control algorithms to ensure that the module positioning accuracy is within 1 cm.

[0022] Preferably, in step S3, the thickness of the transition steel plate provided on the top surface of the lower pier is 3 mm.

[0023] Preferably, in step S3, the transition steel plate is calibrated using an adjustable pull rod and a level ruler, and the levelness is controlled to be ≤3‰.

[0024] Preferably, in step S4, the following steps are performed: a segmented hoisting combined with an aerial assembly process is used; and the modules are sequentially installed according to the BIM model.

[0025] S40, High-altitude docking: According to the order of BIM model division, the prefabricated modules are hoisted to the designated locations for high-altitude docking. The modules are fixed with temporary supports, locating pins or bolts, and then the module positions are adjusted to align with the design datum.

[0026] S41. High-altitude welding and connection reinforcement: Use high-altitude welding technology to weld the module connection parts. For key connection nodes, use multi-layer welding technology and select the appropriate welding method according to the material characteristics.

[0027] S42. Quality inspection and weld repair: After welding is completed, the weld quality is comprehensively inspected using ultra-nondestructive testing. Any welding defects found are repaired or patched in a timely manner, and the connection nodes are checked for tightness.

[0028] S43. Overall correction and post-processing: Correct the overall structure, grind the welds, spray anti-corrosion coatings and apply fire retardant coatings.

[0029] Preferably, in step S41, the welding method may be manual arc welding, gas shielded welding or submerged arc automatic welding, and a preliminary inspection is performed after the welding is completed.

[0030] Preferably, in step S42, a non-destructive testing method such as ultrasonic testing, magnetic particle testing or radiographic testing is used.

[0031] Preferably, in step S5, the BIM platform integrates construction data including hoisting parameters and weld detection data, wherein the hoisting parameters include crane selection, hoisting point arrangement, and hoisting path optimization; the weld detection data includes welding process parameters, weld grade, and ultrasonic flaw detection results. The BIM platform combines sensors, RFID tags, and GPS positioning at the construction site.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] In this method, through the application of BIM modeling and simulation technology, accurate construction planning and real-time adjustment are achieved, and installation deviations are reduced. BIM technology optimizes the component decomposition, pre-assembly and installation sequence, allowing construction personnel to operate according to precise digital models, improving the accuracy of component docking. The simulation system predicts welding deformation and provides compensation strategies to ensure stable weld quality and avoid structural deformation caused by welding stress. At the same time, the high-altitude module digital system monitors installation deviations in real time and adjusts them through intelligent control algorithms to control module positioning accuracy within 1 cm, ensuring the stability and installation accuracy of the overall structure, improving construction quality and reducing rework rate.

[0034] At the same time, the pre-assembly of standardized modules reduces the time of high-altitude operations, improves construction efficiency, and reduces the safety risks brought by high-altitude loose assembly. The simulation integration system optimizes the lifting sequence and lifting point layout, making the lifting process smoother and reducing equipment occupancy time. The embedded transition steel plate technology improves the installation accuracy of the support, avoids rework, and reduces the adjustment work caused by errors. In addition, the construction simulation optimizes the construction process, makes the installation connection smoother, shortens the construction period, reduces human errors through digital and intelligent control means, improves work efficiency, thereby reducing construction costs and improving the economy of the project. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of an assembly and welding method for a rigid spatial steel structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the implementation regulations described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a method for assembling and welding a rigid spatial steel structure, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0038] Step 1: Modular decomposition and pre-assembly: 3D modeling of the steel corridor was carried out based on the BIM platform. The overall structure was decomposed into several standardized modules, and then verified using laser.

[0039] Modular decomposition and pre-assembly include the following:

[0040] Structural modularization: Based on the BIM model, the overall structure of the steel corridor is rationally divided into standardized construction modules, including steel columns, steel beams, and seismic isolation bearing units;

[0041] Ground pre-assembly: All standardized modules are assembled on the ground in the pre-assembly area of the factory or construction site. During the pre-assembly process, BIM technology is used for real-time guidance, and construction simulation is combined to optimize the installation sequence. Modular splitting not only facilitates factory processing and improves component manufacturing accuracy, but also reduces on-site construction workload, speeds up installation progress, and improves construction quality.

[0042] Laser scanning dimensional accuracy verification: After pre-assembly, laser scanning technology is used to perform high-precision inspection of the dimensional accuracy of each module. Laser scanning can capture the three-dimensional point cloud data of the module, thereby discovering possible errors and making timely adjustments to ensure the accuracy of on-site installation.

[0043] When using laser scanning technology to perform high-precision inspections on the dimensional accuracy of each module, ensure that the error is controlled within ±3mm. Compare and analyze the three-dimensional point cloud data with the BIM model to discover and adjust errors in a timely manner.

[0044] Step 2: Digital simulation and dynamic control: Use a simulation integrated system to simulate the hoisting and welding process, and use a high-altitude module digital system to monitor installation deviations in real time;

[0045] Digital simulation and dynamic control include the following:

[0046] Determine the module installation sequence: During the hoisting phase, simulation calculations are used to determine the optimal module installation sequence and optimize the layout of lifting points to improve hoisting efficiency and reduce safety hazards.

[0047] Predict welding deformation: During the welding process, the simulation system is used to predict possible welding deformation problems and provide corresponding compensation strategies to ensure stable welding quality;

[0048] Monitoring module installation deviations: Relying on the high-altitude module digital system, the module installation deviations are monitored in real time and dynamically adjusted through intelligent control algorithms to ensure the module positioning accuracy is within 1cm. Combined with high-precision sensors, laser measurement and Internet of Things technology, slight deviations that occur during the installation process are automatically corrected, thereby improving the overall installation quality and efficiency.

[0049] Step 3: High-precision seismic isolation bearing positioning: Using the pre-embedded transition steel plate technology, a transition steel plate is set on the top surface of the lower pier, and anchor holes and exhaust holes are pre-drilled to facilitate subsequent anchoring and gas discharge. This ensures that the seismic isolation bearing can be accurately connected to the steel corridor, improving the installation accuracy and stability of the overall structure.

[0050] The thickness of the transition steel plate set on the top surface of the lower pier is 3mm;

[0051] The transition steel plates are aligned using adjustable tie rods and a level. The adjustable tie rods adjust their length to suit different installation requirements, allowing the plates to be flexibly adjusted during the connection process, ensuring the straightness of the joints and the stability of the overall structure. The level is used to measure and adjust the levelness of the steel plates, ensuring their alignment with the surrounding structure and avoiding stress concentration or installation errors caused by tilt or misalignment. Levelness is controlled to ≤3‰.

[0052] Step 4: Modular high-altitude assembly and welding: Use segmented lifting combined with aerial assembly technology to install according to the module sequence divided by the BIM model;

[0053] Modular high-altitude assembly and welding includes the following:

[0054] High-altitude docking: Prefabricated modules are hoisted in sequence using tower cranes or other lifting equipment in the order of BIM model division. They are hoisted to the designated location for high-altitude docking. After securing the modules with temporary supports, dowel pins, or bolts, the module positions are adjusted to align with the design datum to ensure stability during assembly. The module positions are adjusted to align with the design datum to prepare for subsequent welding operations.

[0055] High-altitude welding and connection reinforcement: Module connections are welded using high-altitude welding techniques to ensure weld quality meets design requirements. Multi-layer welding techniques are used for key connection points, and appropriate welding methods are selected based on material properties. Manual arc welding, gas shielded welding, or submerged arc welding can be used, and preliminary testing is performed after welding is completed.

[0056] Quality Inspection and Weld Repair: After welding is complete, ultra-nondestructive testing (NDT) is used to thoroughly inspect weld quality. Any defects found are promptly repaired or patch-welded to ensure structural strength and safety. Connecting joints are also checked for tightness to ensure overall structural stability. NDT can utilize ultrasonic testing, magnetic particle testing, or radiographic testing.

[0057] Overall correction and post-processing: The overall structure is corrected. First, the welds are polished to remove welding slag, burrs, and oxides generated during the welding process, improving the smoothness and overall aesthetics of the welds. Grinding uses tools such as angle grinders and grinding wheels to ensure that the weld surface is smooth and defect-free, and to provide a good foundation for the subsequent construction of anti-corrosion and fire-retardant coatings. At the same time, non-destructive testing such as ultrasonic testing or magnetic particle testing is carried out when necessary to check the quality of the welds and ensure that the welds are firm and free of defects such as cracks and pores. When spraying the anti-corrosion coating, the metal surface is first cleaned to remove oil, rust, and impurities. If necessary, sandblasting or pickling is performed to enhance the adhesion of the coating. Finally, the fire-retardant coating is applied to improve the fire resistance of the overall structure and enhance safety in fires. The construction of the fire-retardant coating includes base layer treatment, primer coating, main fire-retardant coating spraying, and surface protection layer construction. According to the fire resistance grade requirements, select appropriate fire retardant coatings, such as intumescent fire retardant coatings or non-intumescent fire retardant coatings, and use spraying or brushing technology to ensure uniform coating thickness and good adhesion.

[0058] Step 5. Digital collaborative management: Use the BIM platform to integrate construction data to achieve real-time monitoring of construction progress and quality. In step 5, the BIM platform integrates construction data including hoisting parameters and weld detection data. Hoisting parameters include crane selection, hoisting point layout, and hoisting path optimization; weld detection data includes welding process parameters, weld grade, and ultrasonic flaw detection results to ensure efficient and orderly progress of construction. The BIM platform is not only used for pre-construction scheme simulation and optimization, but also for real-time collection and analysis of key data during the construction process. The BIM system is combined with laser scanners, total stations, ranging sensors, etc. to achieve precise positioning of component hoisting and improve the installation accuracy of high-altitude loose components. The BIM platform combines sensors, RFID tags, and GP positioning at the construction site to achieve real-time tracking of construction progress. Managers can use the BIM platform to remotely view the construction site's hoisting progress, welding status, and quality inspection results, promptly identify problems and adjust construction plans, and improve the intelligence level of project management. The BIM platform also supports multi-party online collaboration. Construction units, supervisors, designers, and other parties can share real-time data through the BIM system to ensure information transparency and efficient communication, enhance the coordination of construction organizations, and ultimately achieve visualization, refinement, and intelligent management of the entire process.

[0059] This approach involves assembling and welding rigid spatial steel structures (such as long-span steel corridors) using a BIM platform for 3D modeling. The overall structure is then broken down into standardized modules, which are then assembled on the ground in a factory or pre-assembly area. During pre-assembly, BIM technology provides real-time guidance and, combined with construction simulation, optimizes the installation sequence. Finally, laser verification is performed to improve construction feasibility and minimize design changes.

[0060] An integrated simulation system simulates the hoisting and welding processes, calculating the optimal installation sequence and optimizing the placement of lifting points during the hoisting phase. During the welding phase, the simulation system predicts deformation and provides compensation strategies. The high-altitude module digital system monitors installation deviations in real time and dynamically adjusts using intelligent control algorithms to ensure positioning accuracy within 1 cm.

[0061] In order to improve the installation accuracy of the support, a 3mm thick transition steel plate can be embedded on the top surface of the lower pier, the horizontality can be controlled at ≤3‰, and anchor holes and exhaust holes can be pre-opened.

[0062] During installation, the prefabricated modules are hoisted and assembled at high altitude in the order specified in the BIM model. After docking, they are secured with temporary supports, dowel pins, or bolts and adjusted to the design datum. High-altitude welding processes are used for welding, with multi-layer welding techniques applied to key nodes. Appropriate welding methods are selected based on material properties to ensure structural stability and construction quality.

[0063] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for assembling and welding a rigid spatial steel structure, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Modular decomposition and pre-assembly: 3D modeling of the steel corridor was carried out based on the BIM platform. The overall structure was decomposed into several standardized modules, which were then verified using lasers. S2. Digital simulation and dynamic control: Use a simulation integrated system to simulate the hoisting and welding process, and use a high-altitude module digital system to monitor installation deviations in real time; S3. High-precision seismic isolation bearing positioning: Using the transition steel plate pre-embedded technology, a transition steel plate is set on the top surface of the lower pier, and anchor holes and exhaust holes are pre-drilled; S4. Modular high-altitude assembly and welding: Use segmented lifting combined with aerial assembly technology, and install in the order of modules divided by the BIM model; S5. Digital collaborative management: Use the BIM platform to integrate construction data and achieve real-time monitoring of construction progress and quality.

2. The method for assembling and welding a rigid spatial steel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the steel corridor is 3D modeled based on the BIM platform. After the overall structure is decomposed into several standardized modules, laser verification is performed, including the following: S10. Structural modularization: Based on the BIM model, the overall structure of the steel corridor is rationally divided into standardized construction modules, including steel columns, steel beams, and seismic isolation bearing units; S11. Ground pre-assembly: All standardized modules are assembled on the ground in the pre-assembly area of the factory or construction site. During the pre-assembly process, BIM technology is used for real-time guidance, and construction simulation is combined to optimize the installation sequence; S12. Laser scanning dimensional accuracy verification: After pre-assembly, laser scanning technology is used to perform high-precision detection of the dimensional accuracy of each module. Laser scanning can capture the three-dimensional point cloud data of the module.

3. The method for assembling and welding a rigid spatial steel structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S12, to ensure that the error is controlled within ±3 mm, the three-dimensional point cloud data is compared and analyzed with the BIM model to discover and adjust the error in a timely manner.

4. The method for assembling and welding a rigid spatial steel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the hoisting and welding process is simulated using a simulation integrated system, and the installation deviation is monitored in real time using a high-altitude module digital system, including the following: S20, determining the module installation sequence: During the hoisting stage, the optimal module installation sequence is determined through simulation calculations, and the layout of the hoisting points is optimized; S21. Predicting welding deformation: During the welding process, the simulation system is used to predict possible welding deformation problems and provide corresponding compensation strategies; S22. Monitoring module installation deviation: Relying on the high-altitude module digital system, the module installation deviation is monitored in real time, and dynamic adjustments are made through intelligent control algorithms to ensure that the module positioning accuracy is within 1 cm.

5. The method for assembling and welding a rigid spatial steel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the thickness of the transition steel plate provided on the top surface of the lower pier is 3 mm.

6. The method for assembling and welding a rigid spatial steel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the transition steel plate is calibrated using an adjustable pull rod and a level ruler, and the levelness is controlled to be ≤3‰.

7. The method for assembling and welding a rigid spatial steel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the following contents are installed in sequence according to the modules divided by the BIM model by adopting the segmented hoisting combined with the aerial assembly process: S40, High-altitude docking: According to the order of BIM model division, the prefabricated modules are hoisted to the designated locations for high-altitude docking. The modules are fixed with temporary supports, locating pins or bolts, and then the module positions are adjusted to align with the design datum. S41. High-altitude welding and connection reinforcement: Use high-altitude welding technology to weld the module connection parts. For key connection nodes, use multi-layer welding technology and select the appropriate welding method according to the material characteristics; S42. Quality inspection and weld repair: After welding is completed, the weld quality is comprehensively inspected using ultra-nondestructive testing. Any welding defects found are repaired or patched in a timely manner, and the connection nodes are checked for tightness. S43. Overall correction and post-processing: Correct the overall structure, grind the welds, spray anti-corrosion coatings and apply fire retardant coatings.

8. The method for assembling and welding a rigid spatial steel structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S41, the welding method may be manual arc welding, gas shielded welding or submerged arc automatic welding, and a preliminary inspection is performed after the welding is completed.

9. The method for assembling and welding a rigid spatial steel structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S42, a non-destructive testing method such as ultrasonic testing, magnetic particle testing or radiographic testing is used.

10. The method for assembling and welding a rigid spatial steel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the BIM platform integrates construction data including hoisting parameters and weld inspection data. The hoisting parameters include crane selection, hoisting point arrangement, and hoisting path optimization; the weld inspection data includes welding process parameters, weld grade, and ultrasonic flaw detection results. The BIM platform combines sensors, RFID tags, and GPS positioning at the construction site.

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