Method for loading and unloading spent fuel of nuclear reactor

Abstract

The invention relates to a nuclear reactor spent fuel loading and unloading method. The nuclear reactor spent fuel loading and unloading method comprises the following steps: S1, hoisting a transportation container from a hauling vehicle to a transfer trolley; s2, the transfer trolley is controlled to be transferred to the position below the loading well; s3, the transportation container is connected to the penetration piece connected with the loading well; s4, the loading well and the transportation container are communicated through the penetration piece, and the spent fuel in the loading well is loaded into the transportation container through the penetration piece; s5, separating the transportation container from the penetration piece; and S6, the transport container loaded with the spent fuel is transferred to the next station through the transfer trolley. According to the nuclear reactor spent fuel loading and unloading method, the transportation container is transferred to the position below the loading well, and the spent fuel in the loading well is loaded into the transportation container through the penetrating piece. In the loading process, the transport container is only transferred between the hauling vehicle and the transfer trolley, and the transfer trolley also moves below the loading well, so that the hoisting height of the transport container is relatively low, and the falling risk of the transport container is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of spent fuel treatment, and in particular to a method for loading and unloading spent fuel from a nuclear reactor. Background Art

[0002] Spent fuel, also known as irradiated spent fuel, is used nuclear fuel that has been exposed to radiation. It is typically produced by nuclear power plant reactors. Nuclear power plants have spent fuel pools for temporary storage, where the fuel is stored in racks. When the pools are nearing capacity, the spent fuel must be transferred to a dedicated spent fuel storage facility for disposal, freeing up racks to receive new spent fuel.

[0003] Spent fuel in the spent fuel pool needs to be loaded into transport containers for transfer. This is done underwater, requiring the containers to be hoisted to a cleaning well on a 20-meter platform for cleaning. This carries a high risk of falling. Furthermore, the exterior of the containers must be decontaminated and cleaned after loading, generating significant amounts of wastewater. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a method for loading and unloading spent fuel from nuclear reactors, which does not require heavy-loaded ultra-high-altitude lifting of transport containers, thereby reducing the risk of falling from high altitude during the loading process; the outside of the transport container does not need to be cleaned in a pool, thereby reducing the generation of wastewater.

[0005] The present application provides a method for loading and unloading spent fuel from a nuclear reactor, the method comprising:

[0006] Lifting the transport container from the hauling vehicle to the transfer trolley;

[0007] Controlling the transfer trolley to move to the bottom of the loading well;

[0008] connecting the transport container to a penetration connected to the loading well;

[0009] connecting the loading well and the transport container via the penetration piece, and loading the spent fuel in the loading well into the transport container via the penetration piece;

[0010] separating the transport container from the penetration;

[0011] The transport container loaded with the spent fuel is transferred to the next workstation by the transfer trolley.

[0012] In one embodiment, the step of separating the transport container from the penetration piece specifically includes:

[0013] disconnecting the loading well from the penetration piece;

[0014] draining and cleaning the penetration;

[0015] The transport container is separated from the feedthrough.

[0016] In one embodiment, the step of controlling the transfer vehicle to move to the bottom of the loading well specifically includes:

[0017] Performing pressure testing and leak testing on the transport container;

[0018] removing the outer cover and the inner cover of the transport container;

[0019] Control the transfer trolley to move to the bottom of the loading well.

[0020] In one embodiment, after the step of removing the outer cover of the transport container, the nuclear reactor spent fuel loading and unloading method further includes:

[0021] injecting an isolation fluid into the transport container;

[0022] Remove the inner cover.

[0023] In one embodiment, the step of connecting the transport container to a penetration piece connected to the loading well specifically includes:

[0024] Performing an airtightness inspection on the penetration piece and the transport container;

[0025] After the air tightness inspection is passed, an isolation liquid is injected into the penetration piece.

[0026] In one embodiment, the step of transferring the transport container loaded with the spent fuel to the next workstation by the transfer vehicle specifically includes:

[0027] Transferring the transport container to the inner cover removal station by the transfer trolley;

[0028] The inner cover is installed back into the transport container.

[0029] In one embodiment, the step of reinstalling the inner cover into the transport container specifically includes:

[0030] Performing a radioactive dose inspection on the transport container;

[0031] After the radioactive dose inspection is passed, the isolation liquid in the transport container is drained and filled with inert gas.

[0032] In one embodiment, the nuclear reactor spent fuel loading and unloading method further comprises:

[0033] transporting the transport container loaded with the spent fuel to a receiving station;

[0034] Cleaning the transport container and the towing vehicle and conducting radiation and contamination inspections;

[0035] After the radioactivity and contamination inspections are passed, the transport container is unloaded from the towing vehicle.

[0036] In one embodiment, the nuclear reactor spent fuel loading and unloading method further comprises:

[0037] Before cleaning the transport container, removing the shielding cover and the shock absorber of the transport container;

[0038] The hauling vehicle and the shipping container are cleaned.

[0039] In one embodiment, the nuclear reactor spent fuel loading and unloading method further comprises:

[0040] unloading the transport container from the hauling vehicle;

[0041] removing the spent fuel from the transport container;

[0042] The spent fuel is transferred to a storage pool.

[0043] In one embodiment, after the step of removing the spent fuel from the transport container, the nuclear reactor spent fuel loading and unloading method further includes:

[0044] The transport container is cleaned and dried.

[0045] The above-described method for loading and unloading spent nuclear reactor fuel involves transferring the transport container to the bottom of a loading well, where the spent fuel in the loading well is loaded into the transport container via a penetration. During the loading process, the transport container is transferred only between the towing vehicle and the transfer cart, which also moves beneath the loading well. Therefore, the hoisting height of the transport container is relatively low, reducing the risk of the transport container falling. Furthermore, the transport container does not enter a water tank during the entire loading process, allowing the outside of the transport container to remain clean, eliminating the need for cleaning and decontamination treatment, which helps reduce wastewater generation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spent fuel loading device provided in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 ;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spent fuel loading device provided in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 ;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a method for loading and unloading spent fuel from a nuclear reactor provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0049] Description of reference numerals:

[0050] 1. Transport container; 11. Container body; 12. Outer cover; 2. Loading well; 3. Through-piece; 4. Towing vehicle; 5. Transfer trolley; 6. Running track. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0052] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0053] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0054] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connected," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, these terms may refer to fixed connections, removable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0055] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, if a first feature is described as being "above" or "below" a second feature, or similar descriptions, this may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is described as being "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is described as being "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0056] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiment.

[0057] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spent fuel loading device provided in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spent fuel loading device provided in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 The embodiment of the present application provides a spent fuel loading device, including a penetration piece 3, a transfer trolley 5 and a running track 6. The penetration piece 3 is sealed and connected to the lower side of the loading well 2. The penetration piece 3 is provided with a through hole, and the through hole is connected to the inside of the loading well 2. A cover plate is provided at the opening where the penetration piece 3 is connected to the loading well 2. The cover plate is movably connected to the penetration piece 3 or the loading well 2. By adjusting the cover plate, the through hole can be blocked or opened to cut off the connection between the penetration piece 3 and the loading well 2 or maintain the connection between the penetration piece 3 and the loading well 2.

[0058] Below the loading well 2 are provided running tracks 6 and a transfer trolley 5, which moves along the running tracks 6. The transfer trolley 5 moves along the running tracks 6 away from the loading well 2, receiving the transport container 1 delivered by the towing vehicle 4. It can then move along the running tracks 6 toward the loading well 2, transferring the transport container 1 to below the penetration piece 3. The penetration piece 3 can be connected to the transport container 1, and the through hole of the penetration piece 3 communicates with the interior of the transport container 1. Thus, the loading well 2 and the transport container 1 are connected through the penetration piece 3, allowing the spent fuel in the loading well 2 to be loaded into the transport container 1 through the penetration piece 3.

[0059] Optionally, a limiting groove is provided on the bearing surface of the transfer trolley 5, which is used to limit the position of the transport container 1 so that the transport container 1 is placed more firmly on the transfer trolley 5. At the same time, it also plays a role in limiting the relative position of the transport container 1 and the transfer trolley 5, so that the position of the transport container 1 can be determined by positioning the transfer trolley 5, and the transport container 1 can be positioned to a position convenient for docking with the through-piece 3.

[0060] Specifically, the transport container 1 comprises a main body 11, an outer cover 12, and an inner cover. The interior of the main body 11 forms a storage space for spent fuel and is provided with a loading and unloading port. The inner cover is positioned at the loading and unloading port to cover it, while the outer cover 12 is positioned outside the inner cover to further cover the loading and unloading port. Before connecting the transport container 1 to the penetration 3, the outer cover 12 and inner cover are removed. The penetration 3 is connected to the main body 11 and communicates with the loading and unloading port, forming a loading channel between the penetration 3 and the main body 11.

[0061] Optionally, at least a portion of the through-piece 3 is configured as a telescopic tube, so that the length of the through-piece 3 can be adjusted by telescoping, thereby more flexibly adapting to different types of transport containers 1. For example, the telescopic tube can be a bellows, which has good telescoping capabilities and can also achieve radial position adjustment to adjust the radial position of the end of the through-piece 3 that communicates with the container body 11, thereby more flexibly connecting to the container body 11 and reducing the positioning requirements of the container body 11.

[0062] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a method for loading and unloading spent fuel from a nuclear reactor provided in one embodiment of the present application. This embodiment of the present application provides a method for loading and unloading spent fuel from a spent fuel pool into a transport container 1, which is then transported by a towing vehicle 4 to a dedicated fuel storage plant and then unloaded from the transport container 1 into a storage pool.

[0063] It should be noted that the method for loading and unloading spent fuel from a nuclear reactor provided in the embodiments of the present application can use the spent fuel loading device provided in the above embodiments to load the spent fuel, or can use loading devices with other structural forms. The method for loading and unloading spent fuel from a nuclear reactor is not limited to application to the above-mentioned spent fuel loading device.

[0064] Specifically, the method for loading and unloading spent fuel of a nuclear reactor includes a loading step and an unloading step, wherein the loading step includes:

[0065] S1: lifting the transport container 1 from the towing vehicle 4 to the transfer vehicle 5;

[0066] S2: Control the transfer trolley 5 to move to the bottom of the loading well 2;

[0067] S3: Connecting the transport container 1 to the penetration piece 3 connected to the loading well 2;

[0068] S4: connecting the loading well 2 and the transport container 1 through the penetration piece 3, and loading the spent fuel in the loading well 2 into the transport container 1 through the penetration piece 3;

[0069] S5: Separating the transport container 1 from the penetration piece 3;

[0070] S6: The transport container 1 loaded with the spent fuel is transferred to the next workstation via the transfer trolley 5.

[0071] The method for loading and unloading spent fuel from a nuclear reactor provided in an embodiment of the present application transfers a transport container 1 to the bottom of a loading well 2, and loads the spent fuel in the loading well 2 into the transport container 1 through a penetration piece 3. During the loading process, the transfer of the transport container 1 occurs only between the towing vehicle 4 and the transfer trolley 5, and the transfer trolley 5 also moves below the loading well 2. Therefore, the hoisting height of the transport container 1 is relatively low, reducing the risk of the transport container 1 falling. In addition, the transport container 1 does not enter the water pool during the entire loading process, and the outside of the transport container 1 can be kept clean, eliminating the need for cleaning and decontamination treatment, which helps reduce the generation of wastewater.

[0072] In some embodiments, step S1 specifically includes:

[0073] S11. Preparation of lifting station crane.

[0074] S12. Perform a routine inspection on the transfer trolley 5 and the penetration piece 3 to confirm that both are in normal working condition.

[0075] S13 . Perform a visual appearance inspection and a radioactivity activity inspection on the transport container 1 on the towing vehicle 4 to confirm that the transport container 1 is in a transferable state.

[0076] S14 , removing the shock absorber of the transport container 1 .

[0077] S15 , finally starting the crane to lift the transport container 1 from the towing vehicle 4 to the transfer trolley 5 .

[0078] In some embodiments, in step S2, the transport container 1 is first subjected to a pressure test and a sealing test, the outer cover 12 and the inner cover of the transport container 1 are removed, and then the transfer vehicle 5 is controlled to move to the bottom of the loading well 2. In this way, after the transport container 1 is moved to the bottom of the loading well 2, it can be directly connected to the penetration member 3.

[0079] Optionally, after removing the outer cover 12 of the transport container 1, an isolation liquid is injected into the transport container 1, and then the inner cover is removed. The isolation liquid is generally a water solution prepared by a nuclear power plant with a radiation isolation function. After the isolation liquid is injected into the transport container 1, it has a good radiation protection function.

[0080] Specifically, step S2 includes the following steps:

[0081] S21. Confirm that the transport container 1 is firmly placed on the transfer vehicle 5.

[0082] S22, controlling the transfer trolley 5 to move the transport container 1 to the outer cover removal station.

[0083] S23. Connect the water filling pipeline and valve system to the transport container 1.

[0084] S24 , using the outer cover hole on the outer cover 12 , perform a pressure test and a sealing test on the transport container 1 .

[0085] S25. After the test in step S23 is passed, the outer cover 12 is removed.

[0086] S26. Use the inner cover hole on the inner cover to perform a sealing test on the transport container 1, the water filling pipeline and the valve system.

[0087] S27 , opening the valve system in step S23 to fill the transport container 1 with isolation liquid.

[0088] S28, controlling the transfer trolley 5 to move the transport container 1 to the inner cover removal station, and removing the inner cover.

[0089] S29: Control the transfer trolley 5 to move along the running track 6 toward the penetration piece 3, transfer the transport container 1 to the bottom of the penetration piece 3, and control the transfer trolley 5 to stop moving. Optionally, the transport container 1 can be moved directly below the penetration piece 3, so that the penetration piece 3 forms a vertical downward loading channel, which makes it easier to transfer the spent fuel in the loading container 2 through the penetration piece 3 into the transport container 1.

[0090] In some embodiments, step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0091] S31 , sealingly connect the end of the penetration piece 3 away from the loading well 2 to the container body 11 , and make the loading port of the container body 11 communicate with the through hole of the penetration piece 3 .

[0092] S32: Perform an airtightness check on the penetration piece 3 and the transport container 1. After the airtightness check is passed, inject a spacer liquid into the penetration piece 3. At this time, the spacer liquid in the penetration piece 3 and the spacer liquid in the transport container 1 will mix.

[0093] In some embodiments, step S4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0094] S41 , opening the cover plate provided at the connection between the penetration piece 3 and the loading well 2 , so that the penetration piece 3 and the loading well 2 are connected.

[0095] S42: Load the spent fuel in the loading well 2 into the transport container 1 through the penetration piece 3. Specifically, the spent fuel can be automatically transported by a manipulator transport device provided in the loading well 2.

[0096] In some embodiments, in step S5 , the connection between the loading well 2 and the penetration piece 3 is disconnected, the water is drained and the penetration piece 3 is cleaned, and then the transport container 1 is separated from the penetration piece 3 .

[0097] Specifically, step S5 includes the following steps:

[0098] S51 , closing the cover plate provided at the connection between the penetration piece 3 and the loading well 2 , thereby disconnecting the penetration piece 3 from the loading well 2 .

[0099] S52, draining the isolation liquid in the penetration piece 3, and cleaning the inside of the penetration piece 3, and draining the cleaning water.

[0100] S53 , separating the penetration piece 3 from the transport container 1 .

[0101] In some embodiments, step S6 specifically includes the following steps:

[0102] S61 , the transport container 1 is transferred to the inner cover removal station by the transfer trolley 5 , and the inner cover is reinstalled into the transport container 1 .

[0103] S62: Perform a radioactive dose check on the transport container 1. After the radioactive dose check passes, drain the isolation liquid from the transport container 1 and fill it with an inert gas. Specifically, nitrogen can be used as the inert gas.

[0104] S62. Test the valve sealing, disassemble and clean the valve tools.

[0105] S63 , the transport container 1 is transferred to the outer cover removal station by the transfer trolley 5 , and the outer cover 12 and the air-filled drainage hole cover are reinstalled into the transport container 1 .

[0106] S64 , the transport container 1 is transferred to the lifting station by the transfer trolley 5 , and the transport container 1 is lifted from the transfer trolley 5 to the towing vehicle 4 by the crane of the lifting station.

[0107] S65. Install the shock absorber back into the transport container 1.

[0108] At this point, the spent fuel is loaded into the transport container 1. Afterwards, the towing vehicle 4 transports the transport container 1 loaded with the spent fuel to the reprocessing plant and unloads the spent fuel in the transport container 1 to the receiving station of the reprocessing plant.

[0109] Therefore, the nuclear reactor spent fuel loading and unloading method further includes an unloading step, specifically comprising:

[0110] S7: The transport container 1 loaded with the spent fuel is transported to the receiving station, the transport container 1 and the towing vehicle 4 are cleaned, and a radioactivity and contamination inspection is performed; after the radioactivity and contamination inspection are passed, the transport container 1 is unloaded from the towing vehicle 4.

[0111] S8: After the transport container 1 is unloaded from the towing vehicle 4, the spent fuel is taken out of the transport container 1; the spent fuel is transferred to a storage pool.

[0112] S9: After the spent fuel is taken out of the transport container 1, the transport container 1 is cleaned and dried.

[0113] In some embodiments, step S7 specifically includes the following steps:

[0114] S71: The hauling vehicle 4 carrying the transport container 1 enters the washing station, and the transport container 1 and the hauling vehicle 4 are inspected.

[0115] S72: Remove the shielding cover and shock absorber of the transport container 1.

[0116] S73: At the flushing station, the hauling vehicle 4 and the transport container 1 are cleaned. Specifically, the transport container 1 is cleaned by high-pressure flushing, and the hauling vehicle 4 is generally scrubbed with a rag or other tool.

[0117] S74: Drive the towing vehicle 4 carrying the transport container 1 into the spent fuel receiving station, check the transport container 1 again for damage, and rinse it again.

[0118] S75. Use the lifting equipment of the receiving station to lift the transport container 1 to the unloading pit, perform decontamination treatment on the transport container 1, and perform a gas extraction inspection.

[0119] S76, using a lifting device to lift the qualified transport container 1 onto a rail transport trolley located in the transfer channel. The rail transport trolley here can adopt a structure similar to the transfer trolley 5 mentioned above.

[0120] S77 , removing the outer cover 12 of the transport container 1 , and passing pressurized circulating water into the inner cavity of the transport container 1 to cool the transport container 1 .

[0121] S78. Use a transport trolley to deliver the cooled transport container 1 to the unloading room.

[0122] In some embodiments, step S8 specifically includes the following steps:

[0123] S81. In the unloading room, take out the spent fuel from transport container 1.

[0124] S82. Test the spent fuel and place it in the cleaning pit for cleaning if it passes the test.

[0125] S83. Place the cleaned spent fuel into a storage basket and use a crane to transport the spent fuel through the transfer waterway into the storage pool.

[0126] In some embodiments, step S9 specifically includes the following steps:

[0127] S91. Drain the isolation liquid in the transport container 1.

[0128] S92: hoist the transport container 1 to a decontamination station, and clean the inner cavity of the transport container 1 through circulating rinsing.

[0129] S93: Rinse the outer surface of the transport container 1 with high-pressure water.

[0130] S94, drying the transport container 1 through a vacuum system.

[0131] S95. Perform a comprehensive inspection on the transport container 1. If necessary, repair it. After the inspection and repair, remove the transport container 1 from the receiving station for standby use.

[0132] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0133] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for loading and unloading spent fuel from a nuclear reactor, characterized in that: The nuclear reactor spent fuel loading and unloading method comprises: Lifting the transport container (1) from the hauling vehicle (4) onto the transfer trolley (5); Controlling the transfer trolley (5) to move to the bottom of the loading well (2); Connecting the transport container (1) to a penetration (3) connected to the loading well (2); The loading well (2) and the transport container (1) are connected via the penetration piece (3), and the spent fuel in the loading well (2) is loaded into the transport container (1) via the penetration piece (3); separating the transport container (1) from the penetration piece (3); The transport container (1) loaded with the spent fuel is transferred to the next workstation via the transfer trolley (5).

2. The method for loading and unloading spent fuel from a nuclear reactor according to claim 1, wherein: The step of separating the transport container (1) from the penetration piece (3) specifically comprises: Disconnecting the loading well (2) from the penetration piece (3); Draining and cleaning the penetration (3); The transport container (1) is separated from the penetration piece (3).

3. The method for loading and unloading spent fuel from a nuclear reactor according to claim 1, wherein: The step of controlling the transfer trolley (5) to be transferred to the bottom of the loading well (2) specifically includes: Performing a pressure test and a sealing test on the transport container (1); removing the outer cover (12) and the inner cover of the transport container (1); The transfer trolley (5) is controlled to be transferred to the bottom of the loading well (2).

4. The method for loading and unloading spent fuel from a nuclear reactor according to claim 3, wherein: After the step of removing the outer cover (12) of the transport container (1), the nuclear reactor spent fuel loading and unloading method further comprises: injecting an isolation liquid into the transport container (1); Remove the inner cover.

5. The method for loading and unloading spent fuel from a nuclear reactor according to claim 1, wherein: The step of connecting the transport container (1) to the through piece (3) connected to the loading well (2) specifically comprises: Performing an airtightness inspection on the penetration piece (3) and the transport container (1); After the air tightness inspection is passed, an isolation liquid is injected into the penetration piece (3).

6. The method for loading and unloading spent fuel from a nuclear reactor according to claim 2, wherein: The step of transferring the transport container (1) loaded with the spent fuel to the next workstation by the transfer trolley (5) specifically comprises: The transport container (1) is transferred to the inner cover removal station by the transfer trolley (5); The inner cover is reinstalled into the transport container (1).

7. The method for loading and unloading spent fuel from a nuclear reactor according to claim 6, wherein: The step of reinstalling the inner cover into the transport container (1) specifically comprises: Performing a radioactive dose inspection on the transport container (1); After the radioactive dose inspection is passed, the isolation liquid in the transport container (1) is discharged and filled with inert gas.

8. The method for loading and unloading spent fuel from a nuclear reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The nuclear reactor spent fuel loading and unloading method further comprises: transporting the transport container (1) loaded with the spent fuel to a receiving station; Cleaning the transport container (1) and the hauling vehicle (4), and conducting radioactivity and contamination inspections; After the radioactivity and contamination inspections are passed, the transport container (1) is unloaded from the towing vehicle (4).

9. The method for loading and unloading spent fuel from a nuclear reactor according to claim 8, wherein: The nuclear reactor spent fuel loading and unloading method further comprises: Before cleaning the transport container (1), removing the shielding cover and the shock absorber of the transport container (1); The hauling vehicle (4) and the transport container (1) are cleaned.

10. The method for loading and unloading spent fuel from a nuclear reactor according to claim 8, wherein: After the step of unloading the transport container (1) from the towing vehicle (4), the nuclear reactor spent fuel loading and unloading method further comprises: Taking the spent fuel out of the transport container (1); The spent fuel is transferred to a storage pool.

11. The method for loading and unloading spent fuel from a nuclear reactor according to claim 10, wherein: After the step of removing the spent fuel from the transport container (1), the nuclear reactor spent fuel loading and unloading method further comprises: The transport container (1) is cleaned and dried.

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