Circuit breaker without flashover distance

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of circuit breakers, and discloses a flashover-distance-free circuit breaker which comprises a circuit breaker shell, a static contact is fixedly installed in the circuit breaker shell, a moving contact is further installed in the circuit breaker shell in a sliding mode, an arc extinguish chamber is arranged below the static contact and the moving contact, and the arc extinguish chamber is fixedly installed on the circuit breaker shell. An outer cylinder is rotatably connected in the arc extinguish chamber, an inner cylinder capable of sliding in the axial direction of the outer cylinder is coaxially and slidably connected in the outer cylinder, two or more arc extinguish grid sheets are fixedly connected in the inner cylinder in a spiral array mode, and a gas piston is rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner cylinder; when the arc is generated, thermal expansion gas is utilized to drive the inner cylinder to move axially, so that the front ends of the arc extinguishing grid sheets are actively close to a contact separation point, an air gap between a traditional arc extinguishing chamber and a contact is eliminated, the subsequent arc can directly enter an inner cylinder constraint area without crossing an external environment, the arc exposure time is greatly shortened, and the arc extinguishing efficiency is improved. And the service life of the circuit breaker is obviously prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of circuit breakers, in particular to a circuit breaker with zero arcing distance. Background Art

[0002] A circuit breaker is a critical electrical device used to protect circuits from damage caused by faults such as overloads and short circuits. Its core function is to quickly cut off the current and extinguish the arc when a fault occurs. Traditional circuit breakers typically include a contact system, an operating mechanism, and an arc extinguishing device. The performance of the arc extinguisher directly determines the circuit breaker's breaking capacity and safety. During the circuit breaker's breaking process, the arc generated at the moment the contacts separate has characteristics such as high temperature and high conductivity. If it cannot be extinguished in time, it will cause contact erosion, carbonization of the insulating material, and even equipment explosion. To this end, arc extinguishers achieve rapid dissipation of arc energy through physical segmentation, cooling, and deionization. Existing arc extinguishers mostly use a metal grid arc extinguishing structure, which uses the grid to divide the arc into multiple short arc segments connected in series. By increasing the arc voltage drop and enhancing heat dissipation, the current is forced to pass through zero and extinguish.

[0003] However, the existing arc extinguisher structure still has some technical problems in practical applications. In particular, after the arc is generated from the contact separation point, it needs to cross a certain distance before entering the arc extinguisher cavity. During this freeing process, the arc is continuously exposed to the air due to the lack of effective constraints. Its high-temperature plasma interacts with the air medium, causing the free gas to expand violently and release a large amount of heat energy. This stage not only causes the degree of ablation on the contact surface to increase, but also causes stagnation at the root of the arc, hindering the arc from quickly entering the arc extinguishing grid area and significantly prolonging the arc burning time. In addition, the existing arc extinguishing chamber mostly adopts a linearly arranged parallel grid structure. Although the arc can be divided by the grid, due to the cramped space in the grid entrance area and the lack of a gradient guidance design, the arc can only move between the limited front-end grids after entering the arc extinguisher, and it is difficult to migrate to the deep area of the arc extinguishing chamber. This defect results in an insufficient number of segments of the arc being divided, and the short arcs are thermally coupled with each other due to the dense accumulation in the entrance area, which weakens the heat dissipation efficiency of the grid. Moreover, the arc of a traditional arc extinguisher is easily retained at the entrance of the arc extinguishing chamber due to the imbalance between electromagnetic force and thermal buoyancy, and cannot be continuously driven to the efficient cooling area at the rear end of the arc extinguishing chamber.

[0004] For example, Chinese patent CN201711140880.2 proposes a mutually moving circuit breaker arc extinguishing mechanism with air cooling. Although it can suppress the air flow and make the arc more easily sucked into the second ring tube, when the arc moves along the inclined grid surface, it may contact a certain area for a long time, resulting in accelerated local ablation, shortening the grid life, and making it impossible for the arc energy to dissipate step by step. Residual free gas accumulates at the outlet of the arc extinguishing chamber, greatly increasing the risk of reignition. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (1) Technical problems solved: In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a circuit breaker with zero arcing distance, which has the advantages of reducing the arcing movement distance and reducing the erosion of the contact surface. It solves the problem that the arc needs to move a certain distance to enter the arc extinguisher, causing erosion of the contact surface.

[0006] (2) Technical solution: In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of reducing the arcing movement distance and reducing the contact surface erosion, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a circuit breaker with no arcing distance, comprising a circuit breaker housing, a static contact fixedly installed in the circuit breaker housing, a moving contact slidably installed in the circuit breaker housing, an arc extinguishing chamber is provided below the static contact and the moving contact, the arc extinguishing chamber is fixedly installed on the circuit breaker housing, an outer cylinder is rotatably connected in the arc extinguishing chamber, an inner cylinder that can slide along its axial direction is coaxially slidably connected in the outer cylinder, two or more groups of arc extinguishing grids are fixedly connected in a spiral array in the inner cylinder, a gas piston is rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner cylinder, the gas piston is fixedly installed on the circuit breaker housing, and the gas piston is communicated with the inner cylinder. When an arc is generated between the static contact and the moving contact and enters the inner cylinder, the gas in the inner cylinder expands due to heat and causes the gas piston to push the inner cylinder to move along its axial direction close to the moving contact and the static contact.

[0007] Preferably, an inner gear ring is provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder, and a gear shaft is provided at the root of the arc-extinguishing grid. The arc-extinguishing grid can rotate axially relative to the inner cylinder through the gear shaft. Two or more groups of transmission gears are provided on the inner cylinder, and one end of the two or more groups of transmission gears is meshed with the gear shaft, and the other end of the two or more groups of transmission gears is meshed with the inner gear ring. When the inner cylinder slides axially relative to the outer cylinder, the transmission gear drives the gear shaft to rotate, so that the arc-extinguishing grid rotates; the gear shaft adopts a needle roller bearing; when no arc is generated between the moving contact and the static contact, the arc-extinguishing grid is inclined toward the inner end surface of the inner cylinder; when an arc is generated between the moving contact and the static contact, the gas piston pushes the inner cylinder to move along its axial direction, the transmission gear and the inner gear ring rotate and drive the gear shaft to rotate, so that the arc-extinguishing grid rotates; when the gas piston moves to the extreme position, the arc-extinguishing grid is inclined toward the outer end surface of the inner cylinder; when the arc disappears, the amount of gas in the gas piston decreases, and the gas piston pulls the inner cylinder to reset.

[0008] Preferably, a fan is provided between the gas piston and the inner cylinder, one end of the fan is rotatably connected to the gas piston, and the other end of the fan is rotatably connected to the inner cylinder, and when the inner cylinder generates gas flow, the fan is driven to rotate.

[0009] Preferably, the gas piston is a connecting tube and an airbag tube, the connecting tube and the inner tube are coaxially rotationally connected, the airbag tube and the connecting tube are coaxially fixedly connected, the airbag tube is fixedly mounted on the circuit breaker housing, an air cavity is provided in the airbag tube, when an arc is introduced into the inner tube, the gas in the inner tube heats up and expands, causing the airbag tube to inflate and simultaneously push the connecting tube to slide along its axial direction, the airbag tube adopts an elastic reset structure, when the amount of gas in the airbag tube decreases, the airbag tube resets, and the force generated by the airbag tube structure is greater than the total resistance of the inner tube; a lubricating layer is provided between the inner tube and the outer tube.

[0010] Preferably, the airbag tube is made of heat-resistant material.

[0011] Preferably, a limiting clamp ring is provided between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, two or more groups of arc-extinguishing grids are divided into several groups and arranged axially in the same direction, and two or more groups of fixed radial linkage rods are fixedly connected between the arc-extinguishing grids arranged in the same direction, and linkage rings are fixedly connected between the radial linkage rods on the arc-extinguishing grids arranged in different directions.

[0013] Preferably, the radial linkage rod connects two or more groups of arc-extinguishing grids in series.

[0014] Preferably, a V-shaped groove is provided on the surface of the arc-extinguishing grid.

[0015] Preferably, the outer end of the inner cylinder is in an outwardly expanding funnel shape, and two or more groups of arc-extinguishing grids are distributed in a gradient, and the number of arc-extinguishing grids at the front end of the inner cylinder is greater than the number of arc-extinguishing grids at the rear end of the inner cylinder.

[0016] (III) Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a flashover-free distance circuit breaker with the following beneficial effects: 1. This arc-free distance circuit breaker uses a gas piston structure in conjunction with an inner cylinder structure. At the moment of arc generation, thermal expansion gas is used to drive the axial movement of the inner cylinder, so that the front end of the arc extinguishing grid is actively close to the contact separation point, eliminating the air gap between the traditional arc extinguishing chamber and the contact. This allows the subsequent arc to directly enter the inner cylinder confinement area without crossing the external environment, greatly shortening the arc exposure time. In addition, this dynamically adjusted inner cylinder position effectively suppresses the stagnation of the arc root and reduces the continuous ablation of the contact surface by high-temperature plasma. At the same time, the axial propulsion of the inner cylinder realizes the active intervention of the arc extinguishing structure, significantly improving the service life of the circuit breaker.

[0017] 2. The arc-free distance circuit breaker uses the arc-extinguishing grid structure in conjunction with the inner cylinder structure. The arc-extinguishing grid can form a solenoid-like structure. Under the synergistic effect of the arc current magnetic field and the arc-extinguishing grid layout, a tangential Lorentz force is generated to force the arc to migrate along a spiral trajectory toward the depth of the arc-extinguishing chamber, avoiding the path limitation of traditional linear arc-extinguishing grids. The arc movement path is extended in a spatial spiral, and the equivalent resistance and voltage drop are significantly improved. At the same time, the gradient distribution of arc-extinguishing grids with dense front ends and sparse rear ends realizes step-by-step segmentation and energy dissipation of the arc, avoiding the short arc thermal coupling effect, thereby producing a multi-stage cooling arc extinguishing mode.

[0018] 3. The arc-free distance circuit breaker uses an arc-extinguishing grid structure in conjunction with an inner gear ring structure. When an arc is generated, the arc-extinguishing grid can gradually switch from a guiding tilt in the same direction as the arc to a reverse blocking tilt. Initially, the arc-extinguishing grid is tilted in the same direction as the arc to form a continuous guiding slope, and the tangential component generated by the arc's self-generated magnetic field is used to accelerate arc migration. In the reverse tilt stage, the arc bifurcation is induced by the sharp-angle interface. Combined with the asymmetric magnetic field gradient generated by the spiral layout, the arc plasma is driven to produce a circumferential rotational motion along the inner cylinder, which not only increases the number of arc divisions, but also causes the turbulent effect to destroy the arc laminar state, expand the probability of particle collision and the heat dissipation area, and accelerate the recombination of charged particles.

[0019] 4. The arc-free distance circuit breaker uses an inner cylinder structure and a gas piston structure in combination. When an arc is generated, the gas expands to push the inner cylinder to move, and it automatically contracts and resets after the arc is extinguished. This allows the synchronous adjustment of the arc extinguishing grid position and tilt angle without an external drive device, greatly reducing the complexity of the structure and at the same time reducing the cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the arc-free distance circuit breaker in the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front view of the structure of the circuit breaker without flashover distance in the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the arc extinguishing chamber in the present invention; Figure 4 This is a front view of the arc chamber structure in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a top view of the arc chamber structure in the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Middle AA section view; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the gas piston after expansion in the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the inner cylinder in the present invention; Figure 9It is a schematic diagram of the gear shaft structure in the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1. Circuit breaker housing; 11. Static contact; 12. Moving contact; 2. Arc extinguishing chamber; 3. Outer cylinder; 31. Inner gear ring; 4. Inner cylinder; 41. Fan; 5. Arc extinguishing grid; 51. Gear shaft; 52. Transmission gear; 53. Radial connecting rod; 54. Connecting ring; 6. Gas piston; 61. Connecting cylinder; 62. Air bag cylinder; 7. Limiting snap ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] See also Figures 1-6 A circuit breaker with zero arcing distance includes a circuit breaker housing 1, a static contact 11 is fixedly installed in the circuit breaker housing 1, and a moving contact 12 is slidably installed in the circuit breaker housing 1. An arc extinguishing chamber 2 is provided below the static contact 11 and the moving contact 12, and the arc extinguishing chamber 2 is fixedly installed on the circuit breaker housing 1. An outer cylinder 3 is rotatably connected to the arc extinguishing chamber 2, and an inner cylinder 4 that can slide along its axial direction is coaxially slidably connected to the outer cylinder 3. When an arc is generated, the inner cylinder 4 can move rapidly in the axial direction, so that the front end of the arc extinguishing grid 5 is close to the contact separation point, eliminating the air gap between the traditional arc extinguishing chamber 2 and the contact, greatly shortening the arc exposure time, thereby effectively reducing the surface erosion of the contact and improving the service life of the circuit breaker. Two or more sets of arc-extinguishing grids 5 are fixedly connected to the spiral array in the inner cylinder 4. The arc-extinguishing grids 5 are spirally distributed to form a solenoid-like structure. Under the action of the arc current, a rotating magnetic field component is generated. The interaction between this magnetic field and the arc current generates a Lorentz force, which drives the arc plasma to produce circumferential rotational motion, thereby accelerating the arc cooling and deionization process. Figure 5-Figure 8 The bottom of the inner tube 4 is rotatably connected to a gas piston 6, which is fixedly mounted on the circuit breaker housing 1. This piston utilizes the expansion of high-temperature gas during arcing to drive the movement of the inner tube 4. When the arc enters the inner tube 4, the gas inside expands due to the heat, pushing the gas piston 6 to slide axially, thereby driving the inner tube 4 to move. This actively engages the arc-extinguishing grid 5, eliminating the need for an external drive device, simplifying the structure and reducing costs.

[0024] Please participate Figure 6-Figure 9The inner wall of the outer cylinder 3 is equipped with an internal gear ring 31, and the base of the arc-quenching grid 5 is provided with a gear shaft 51. The arc-quenching grid 5 can rotate axially relative to the inner cylinder 4 via the gear shaft 51. The movement of the inner cylinder 4 drives the rotation of the transmission gear 52, which in turn drives the arc-quenching grid 5. This design enables the arc-quenching grid 5 to switch from a directional guiding state to a reverse blocking state under the action of an arc, enhancing the arc segmentation and dissipation effect. The inner cylinder 4 is equipped with two or more sets of transmission gears 52. One end of the two or more sets of transmission gears 52 meshes with the gear shaft 51, and the other end of the two or more sets of transmission gears 52 meshes with the internal gear ring 31, thereby achieving a linkage between the movement of the inner cylinder 4 and the rotation of the arc-quenching grid 5. When the inner cylinder 4 slides axially, the transmission gear 52 rotates accordingly, driving the gear shaft 51 and the arc-quenching grid 5 to rotate, thereby dynamically adjusting the tilt angle of the arc-quenching grid 5 and improving arc extinguishing efficiency. When the inner cylinder 4 slides axially relative to the outer cylinder 3, the transmission gear 52 drives the gear shaft 51 to rotate, causing the arc extinguishing grid 5 to rotate. This design enables the arc extinguishing grid 5 to gradually change from the initial unidirectional guiding state to the reverse blocking state under the action of the arc, thereby enhancing the arc segmentation and dissipation effect and improving the arc extinguishing efficiency. The gear shaft 51 adopts a needle roller bearing, which has the advantages of small size, large load capacity, and small friction torque, and can meet the performance requirements of the arc extinguishing grid 5 during high-frequency rotation. The moving contact 12 and the When the static contact 11 is not generating an arc, the arc-quenching grids 5 tilt toward the inner end face of the inner cylinder 4. When an arc is generated between the moving contact 12 and the static contact 11, the gas piston 6 pushes the inner cylinder 4 axially. The transmission gear 52 rotates with the inner ring gear 31, driving the gear shaft 51 to rotate, causing the arc-quenching grids 5 to rotate. When the gas piston 6 reaches its limit, the arc-quenching grids 5 tilt toward the outer end face of the inner cylinder 4. When the arc extinguishes, the gas volume within the gas piston 6 decreases, causing the gas piston 6 to pull the inner cylinder 4 back into its original position. Two or more groups of arc-quenching grids 5 are arranged axially in the same direction. Two or more groups of fixed radial linkage rods 53 are fixedly connected between the arc-quenching grids 5 arranged in the same direction. Linking rings 54 are fixedly connected between the radial linkage rods 53 on arc-quenching grids 5 arranged in different directions. Under the action of the arc, the linkage rods and linkage rings 54 ensure that all arc-quenching grids 5 rotate synchronously, forming a uniform arc-quenching surface and improving arc-quenching effectiveness. At the same time, this design also helps to dissipate heat and cool the arc-extinguishing grid 5, thereby extending its service life.

[0025] Please participate Figure 5-Figure 9The gas piston 6 consists of a connecting tube 61 and an airbag tube 62. The connecting tube 61 is coaxially rotatably connected to the inner tube 4, and the airbag tube 62 is coaxially fixedly connected to the connecting tube 61. The airbag tube 62 is fixedly mounted on the circuit breaker housing 1 and contains an air cavity. The airbag tube 62 is fixedly mounted on the circuit breaker housing 1. The air cavity provided within the airbag tube 62 is used to store and release gas. When an arc is generated, the gas expands, pushing the inner tube 4 to move, achieving rapid movement of the inner tube 4. When an arc is introduced into the inner tube 4, the gas within the inner tube 4 heats up and expands, causing the airbag tube 62 to inflate and simultaneously push the connecting tube 61 to slide along its axial direction. The airbag tube 62 adopts an elastic reset structure. After the gas expansion pushes the inner tube 4 to move, it can automatically reset when the gas volume decreases. This design eliminates the need for an additional reset device, reducing structural complexity. When the gas volume within the airbag 62 decreases, the airbag 62 returns to its original position. The force generated by the airbag 62 structure is greater than the total resistance of the inner tube 4. This ensures that the force generated by the airbag 62 during its return is greater than the total resistance of the inner tube 4, ensuring that the inner tube 4 can reliably return to its initial position. A lubricating layer is provided between the inner tube 4 and the outer tube 3. This layer reduces frictional resistance during the sliding of the inner tube 4, improving smoothness of movement and responsiveness.

[0026] Please participate Figure 5-Figure 9A fan 41 is provided between the gas piston 6 and the inner cylinder 4. One end of the fan 41 is rotatably connected to the gas piston 6, and the other end of the fan 41 is rotatably connected to the inner cylinder 4. When the inner cylinder 4 generates gas flow, the fan 41 is driven to rotate. The purpose of the fan 41 is to utilize the energy of the gas flow in the inner cylinder 4 to drive the fan 41 to rotate. This not only helps the gas circulation and heat dissipation in the inner cylinder 4, but also further enhances the gas disturbance through the rotation of the fan 41, promotes the cooling and deionization process of the arc, and improves the arc extinguishing effect. The radial connecting rod 53 connects two or more groups of arc extinguishing grids 5 in series. V-shaped grooves are provided on the surface of the arc extinguishing grids 5. The V-shaped grooves can increase the contact area between the arc and the grid, thereby enhancing the cooling and segmentation effect of the arc. The design of the V-shaped groove can also guide the arc to move along a specific path, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of arc extinguishing. The outer end of the inner cylinder 4 adopts an outward-expanding funnel shape. The outer end of the inner tube 4 is designed in an outward-flared funnel shape to guide the arc into the inner tube 4 more smoothly, reducing the arc retention and ablation at the entrance. The airbag tube 62 is made of heat-resistant material, such as a metal bellows. The airbag tube 62 is made of heat-resistant material to withstand the high temperature environment when the arc is generated, and to prevent the normal operation of the circuit breaker from being affected by thermal deformation or damage of the material. A limit clamp 7 is provided between the inner tube 4 and the outer tube 3. The limit clamp 7 is provided between the inner tube 4 and the outer tube 3 to limit the movement range of the inner tube 4 and prevent it from being over-positioned during movement and causing structural damage or failure. Two or more groups of arc-extinguishing grids 5 are distributed in a gradient, and the number of arc-extinguishing grids 5 at the front end of the inner tube 4 is greater than the number of arc-extinguishing grids 5 at the rear end of the inner tube 4. The spacing between the spirally arranged arc-extinguishing grids 5 is distributed in a gradient manner, with the front end of the inner tube 4 being dense and the rear end being sparse, so that high-frequency segmentation is achieved when the arc enters the front end of the inner tube 4, and multiple short arcs in series are quickly established; as the arc goes deeper, the gradually increasing spacing between the arc-extinguishing grids 5 reduces the coupling effect between the short arcs, avoids heat accumulation, and forms a segmented arc extinguishing mode with step-by-step energy consumption.

[0027] Working principle: When an arc is generated between the moving contact 12 and the static contact 11, first, the initial arc will enter the inner cylinder 4 and be extinguished by the arc extinguishing grid 5. At the same time, the gas around the arc extinguishing grid 5 will be heated in this process to cause it to heat up and expand, and move along the low-pressure direction of the inner cylinder 4 into the gas piston 6 and cause it to expand, thereby pushing the inner cylinder 4 to slide along its axial direction, and making the front end of the inner cylinder 4 quickly approach the contact position where the arc is generated by the moving contact 12 and the static contact 11, so that the arc subsequently generated by the moving contact 12 and the static contact 11 can quickly enter the inner cylinder 4 and be extinguished. At the same time, during the radial movement of the inner cylinder 4, the arc entering the arc extinguishing grid 5 will move along the spiral path of multiple groups of arc extinguishing grids 5, which greatly improves the actual path of the arc, increases the resistance, and increases the arc extinguishing voltage, thereby accelerating the extinction of the arc. The spiral array of arc-quenching grids 5 forms an asymmetric spatial structure. By leveraging the arc's inherent electromagnetic field characteristics, a tangential electromagnetic force component is generated on the surface of the arc-quenching grids 5, forcing the arc to migrate along a spiral trajectory deeper into the arc-quenching chamber 2. This significantly extends the arc's total length and increases the number of arc segments. Subsequently generated arcs no longer need to cross an air gap, but instead enter the confinement area of the arc-quenching grids 5, eliminating the arc's free extension in the air in conventional structures. When the arc is extinguished, the expanded gas depletes, causing the airbag tube 62 to rapidly deflate, returning the inner tube 4 to its initial position. This eliminates the need for an additional drive mechanism.

[0028] During the arc extinguishing process, the arc is regulated by adjusting the tilt direction of the arc extinguishing grid 5 in the same direction or in the opposite direction to the arc movement direction. In the initial stage, when no arc is generated between the contact and the static contact 11, the tilt direction of the arc extinguishing grid 5 is in the same direction as the arc movement direction. Figure 6 As shown, in this state, when an arc is generated, a continuous guiding slope in the same direction as the arc movement is formed on the surface of the arc extinguishing grid 5. The tangential electromagnetic force component generated by the arc's own electromagnetic field is used to induce the arc plasma to slide rapidly along the surface of the arc extinguishing grid 5 into the inner tube 4, reducing the resistance of the arc entering the arc extinguishing chamber 2 and avoiding the arc from being retained in the entrance area. At this time, the same-direction inclination of the arc extinguishing grid 5 effectively accelerates the migration rate of the arc from the contact separation point to the arc extinguishing chamber 2, and enables the gas in the inner tube 4 to expand and heat up rapidly, thereby increasing the expansion response rate of the gas piston 6, and realizing the inner tube 4 to move quickly to the electric contact position, thereby reducing the free expansion stage of the arc in the air in the traditional structure and significantly reducing the degree of contact surface ablation.

[0029] See also Figure 7When an arc is generated between the moving contact 12 and the stationary contact 11, the inner cylinder 4 moves axially through the transmission gear 52, driving the arc-quenching grids 5 to rotate. This causes the arc-quenching grids 5 to gradually tilt in the opposite direction, forming an acute-angled contact interface with the arc's direction of motion and a reverse blocking structure. This forces the arc to bifurcate in multiple directions at the edges of the arc-quenching grids 5. The arc current generates a circular magnetic field in the closed loop formed between the arc-quenching grids 5. This magnetic field interacts with the arc's current to generate a Lorentz force component perpendicular to the surface of the arc-quenching grids 5, continuously pressing the arc into the gap between adjacent arc-quenching grids 5, achieving step-by-step arc cutting and short arc series connection. Simultaneously, the spirally arranged arc-quenching grids 5, in their reverse tilted state, generate an asymmetric electromagnetic field distribution. The magnetic field gradient forms an angle with the arc's axial motion path, driving the arc plasma to migrate along a spiral trajectory deep into the inner cylinder 4 under the action of the tangential Lorentz force. During this process, the arc propels itself in a spiral, significantly extending the arc's motion path and increasing the equivalent resistance voltage drop. Furthermore, the turbulent boundary layer formed on the surface of the reversely tilted arc-quenching grid 5 disrupts the laminar flow of the arc plasma, intensifying the disordered collisions and energy dissipation of charged particles. This also increases the contact area between the high-temperature particles, the inner cylinder 4, and the arc-quenching grid 5, accelerating heat conduction and particle recombination. When the current passes through zero, this turbulent effect causes the free gas to quickly diffuse into the low-temperature region, completely destroying the ionization conditions required for arc reignition and thus achieving rapid arc extinction.

[0030] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply the existence of any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0031] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A circuit breaker with zero arcing distance, comprising a circuit breaker housing (1), wherein a static contact (11) is fixedly mounted in the circuit breaker housing (1), a moving contact (12) is also slidably mounted in the circuit breaker housing (1), an arc extinguishing chamber (2) is provided below the static contact (11) and the moving contact (12), and the arc extinguishing chamber (2) is fixedly mounted on the circuit breaker housing (1), characterized in that: An outer cylinder (3) is rotatably connected to the arc extinguishing chamber (2), an inner cylinder (4) that can slide along its axial direction is coaxially slidably connected to the outer cylinder (3), two or more sets of arc extinguishing grids (5) are fixedly connected in a spiral array in the inner cylinder (4), a gas piston (6) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner cylinder (4), the gas piston (6) is fixedly mounted on the circuit breaker housing (1), and the gas piston (6) is connected to the inner cylinder (4). When the static contact (11) and the moving contact (12) generate an arc and enter the inner cylinder (4), the gas in the inner cylinder (4) expands due to heat, causing the gas piston (6) to push the inner cylinder (4) to move along its axial direction close to the moving contact (12) and the static contact (11).

2. The arc-free distance circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inner gear ring (31) is provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder (3), and a gear shaft (51) is provided at the root of the arc extinguishing grid (5). The arc extinguishing grid (5) can rotate axially relative to the inner cylinder (4) through the gear shaft (51). Two or more transmission gears (52) are provided on the inner cylinder (4). One end of the two or more transmission gears (52) is meshed with the gear shaft (51), and the other end of the two or more transmission gears (52) is meshed with the inner gear ring (31). When the inner cylinder (4) slides axially relative to the outer cylinder (3), the transmission gear (52) drives the gear shaft (51) to rotate, so that the arc extinguishing grid (5) rotates; the gear shaft (51) adopts a roller bearing. Needle bearing; when no arc is generated between the moving contact (12) and the static contact (11), the arc extinguishing grid (5) is tilted toward the inner end surface of the inner cylinder (4); when an arc is generated between the moving contact (12) and the static contact (11), the gas piston (6) pushes the inner cylinder (4) to move along its axial direction, the transmission gear (52) and the inner gear ring (31) rotate and drive the gear shaft (51) to rotate, so that the arc extinguishing grid (5) rotates; when the gas piston (6) moves to the extreme position, the arc extinguishing grid (5) is tilted toward the outer end surface of the inner cylinder (4); when the arc disappears, the amount of gas in the gas piston (6) decreases, and the gas piston (6) pulls the inner cylinder (4) to reset.

3. The arc-free distance circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fan (41) is provided between the gas piston (6) and the inner cylinder (4). One end of the fan (41) is rotatably connected to the gas piston (6), and the other end of the fan (41) is rotatably connected to the inner cylinder (4). When the inner cylinder (4) generates gas flow, the fan (41) is driven to rotate.

4. The arc-free distance circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas piston (6) comprises a connecting tube (61) and an airbag tube (62). The connecting tube (61) is coaxially rotatably connected to the inner tube (4). The airbag tube (62) is coaxially fixedly connected to the connecting tube (61). The airbag tube (62) is fixedly mounted on the circuit breaker housing (1). An air cavity is provided in the airbag tube (62). When an arc is introduced into the inner tube (4), the gas in the inner tube (4) expands after heating, causing the airbag tube (62) to inflate and expand while simultaneously pushing the connecting tube (61) to slide along its axial direction. The airbag tube (62) adopts an elastic reset structure. When the amount of gas in the airbag tube (62) decreases, the airbag tube (62) resets, and the force generated by the expansion of the airbag tube (62) structure is greater than the total resistance of the inner tube (4). A lubricating layer is provided between the inner tube (4) and the outer tube (3).

5. The arc-free distance circuit breaker according to claim 4, characterized in that: The airbag tube (62) is made of heat-resistant material.

6. The arc-free distance circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limiting clamping ring (7) is provided between the inner cylinder (4) and the outer cylinder (3).

7. The arc-free distance circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two or more groups of arc-extinguishing grids (5) are divided into several groups and arranged axially in the same direction, and two or more groups of radial linkage rods (53) are fixedly connected between the arc-extinguishing grids (5) arranged in the same direction, and linkage rings (54) are fixedly connected between the radial linkage rods (53) on the arc-extinguishing grids (5) arranged in different directions.

8. The arc-free distance circuit breaker according to claim 7, characterized in that: The radial linkage rod (53) connects two or more groups of arc-extinguishing grids (5) in series.

9. The arc-free distance circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: A V-shaped groove is provided on the surface of the arc extinguishing grid (5).

10. The arc-free distance circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer end of the inner cylinder (4) is in an outwardly expanding funnel shape, and two or more groups of arc-extinguishing grids (5) are distributed in a gradient manner, and the number of arc-extinguishing grids (5) at the front end of the inner cylinder (4) is greater than the number of arc-extinguishing grids (5) at the rear end of the inner cylinder (4).

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