Low-voltage line monitoring and early warning method and system based on integration of districts and levels, medium and processor

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-voltage line monitoring and early warning method and system based on district and hierarchy fusion, a medium and a processor. According to the method, electrical parameters, equipment information, geographic and topological structures and environmental data are collected, then district and hierarchical division is carried out on a low-voltage line, fault analysis is carried out by fusing related information to obtain early warning information, and finally early warning is issued. The system comprises an acquisition module, a district module, a hierarchy module, an early warning module and a feedback module. A computer readable storage medium and a processor may execute the method program. Compared with the prior art, the method can integrate multiple types of data, accurately divide line areas and levels, comprehensively analyze faults, timely and accurately issue early warning, optimize early warning issuing channels and contents, establish an effective feedback follow-up mechanism, improve the accuracy and efficiency of low-voltage line monitoring and early warning, and guarantee safe and stable operation of the line.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of low-voltage line monitoring, and in particular to a low-voltage line monitoring and early warning method, system, medium and processor based on area and level fusion. Background Art

[0002] In modern power systems, low-voltage lines, the "last mile" of power transmission, are widely distributed across cities and rural areas, directly impacting user safety and power supply reliability. With rapid economic development and growing electricity demand, the scale of low-voltage lines is growing, and their operating environment is becoming increasingly complex. This poses numerous challenges to low-voltage line fault monitoring and early warning.

[0003] Traditional low-voltage line monitoring methods are relatively simple, mostly focusing on simple measurements of electrical parameters such as voltage and current, and failing to capture comprehensive line-related information. This makes it difficult to quickly and accurately determine the cause and location of complex faults, resulting in inefficient troubleshooting and repairs, and severely impacting the user experience. For example, when a line fault is caused by environmental factors, the lack of monitoring and analysis of environmental data often requires maintenance personnel to spend a significant amount of time troubleshooting, resulting in prolonged power outages.

[0004] To sum up, the existing low-voltage line monitoring and early warning technology can no longer meet the needs of current power system development. There is an urgent need for a monitoring and early warning method that can comprehensively consider multiple factors, accurately and efficiently, to ensure the safe and stable operation of low-voltage lines.

[0005] In view of this, a low-voltage line monitoring and early warning method, system, medium and processor based on area and level integration are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the lack of comprehensive, accurate, and efficient monitoring and early warning systems in existing technologies that consider multiple factors, the present invention provides a low-voltage line monitoring and early warning method, system, medium, and processor based on the integration of area and hierarchy. These methods can integrate electrical parameter data, equipment information data, geographic and topological data, and environmental data to monitor and warn low-voltage lines, improving their accuracy and efficiency. The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0007] A low-voltage line monitoring and early warning method based on area and level integration, including:

[0008] S1: Perform data collection to obtain electrical parameter data, equipment information data, geographic and topological structure data, and environmental data related to low-voltage lines;

[0009] S2: Divide the low-voltage lines into zones based on the collected data;

[0010] S3: Divide the low-voltage lines into different levels according to the collected data;

[0011] S4: Integrate the electrical information of the low-voltage line, the area information to which it belongs, and the layer information to perform fault analysis on the low-voltage line and obtain fault warning information;

[0012] S5: Issue early warning information and provide timely feedback on faults.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S2, the low-voltage line is divided into zones according to the collected data, including the following steps:

[0014] S21: assigning a weight to each collected data type;

[0015] S22: For each low-voltage line section, various types of data are combined into a data feature vector in a certain order;

[0016] S23: Select a clustering algorithm and randomly select K initial cluster centers. Each cluster center is a vector with the same dimension as the data feature vector.

[0017] S24: Calculate the distance between the data feature vector of the low-voltage line and the cluster center;

[0018] S25: For each low-voltage line section, assign it to the area with the nearest cluster center;

[0019] S26: Recalculate the mean of all data feature vectors in each area and use the mean as the new cluster center;

[0020] S27: Calculate the difference between the new cluster center and the cluster center of the previous iteration. If the difference is less than the threshold, the area division is completed. Otherwise, return to step S24 to continue iteration.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S22, the data feature vector is as follows:

[0022]

[0023] Among them, x ji Represents the i-th data feature of the j-th section of the line; j represents the low-voltage line number; m1 is the number of electrical parameters; m2 is the equipment information parameter; m3 is the geographical and topological structure parameter; m4 is the environmental data parameter.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S23, the cluster centers are as follows:

[0025]

[0026] Where k = 1, 2,…, K.

[0027] Furthermore, in step S3, the step of dividing the low-voltage lines into different levels according to the collected data includes the following steps:

[0028] S31: Determine the data and weights used for hierarchical division;

[0029] S32: Setting hierarchical classification standards, wherein the hierarchical classification standards include load standards, equipment criticality standards, and topology standards; the load standards include active power and apparent power; the equipment criticality standards include transformer rated capacity and switch breaking current; and the topology standards include line topology type;

[0030] S33: Divide the low-voltage lines into layers.

[0031] Furthermore, in step S33, the hierarchical division of the low-voltage lines includes the following steps:

[0032] The formula for calculating the load comprehensive level score is as follows:

[0033]

[0034]

[0035] The comprehensive level score of the criticality of the equipment is calculated using the following formula:

[0036]

[0037] Calculate the topology level score using the following formula:

[0038]

[0039] Taking into account the weight of each standard, the final tier score of the low-voltage line is calculated using the following formula:

[0040]

[0041] The tier of the low-voltage line is determined based on the final tier score:

[0042]

[0043] In the above formula, j is the low-voltage line; σ1, σ2, and σ3 are the weights of electrical parameter data, equipment information data, and geographical and topological structure data respectively; P1 and P2 are the active power classification thresholds; S1 and S2 are the apparent power classification thresholds; Q1 is the transformer rated capacity classification threshold; I1 is the switch breaking current classification threshold; L P (P j ) is the load level function; L S (Sj ) is the apparent power level function; L Q (Q j ) is the transformer capacity level function; L I (I j ) is the breaking capacity level function of the switch; L T (T j ) is a topology level function; Score for the comprehensive load level; Provides a comprehensive level score for equipment criticality; Score the topology level; Score for the final level; L j is the level of low voltage line j; P j is the active power of low voltage line j; S j is the apparent power of low-voltage line j; Q j is the rated capacity of the transformer of low-voltage line j; I j is the switch breaking current of low voltage line j; T j is the line topology type of low-voltage line j.

[0044] Furthermore, in step S4, the electrical information of the low-voltage line, the area information and the level information thereof are integrated to perform fault analysis on the low-voltage line to obtain fault warning information, including the following steps:

[0045] S41: Fusing the area information, layer information, and electrical information to obtain an information vector of the low-voltage line;

[0046] S42: Setting weights for the parameters in the information vector and calculating the voltage abnormality, current overload, and power abnormality of the low-voltage line;

[0047] S43: Assign failure risk coefficients to the areas and levels for quantitative processing;

[0048] S44: Calculate the failure probability of each low-voltage line section by integrating the voltage anomaly degree, current overload degree, power anomaly degree and corresponding weights, and the zone and layer fault risk coefficients;

[0049] S45: Setting a fault probability threshold and comparing it with the fault probability; if the threshold is exceeded, issuing a fault warning message.

[0050] A low-voltage line monitoring and early warning system based on the integration of area and level, applied to the above-mentioned low-voltage line monitoring and early warning method based on the integration of area and level, comprises:

[0051] An acquisition module is used to collect data to obtain electrical parameter data, equipment information data, geographic and topological structure data, and environmental data related to the low-voltage line;

[0052] The area module is used to divide the low-voltage lines into areas based on the collected data;

[0053] The hierarchical module is used to divide the low-voltage lines into different levels according to the collected data;

[0054] The early warning module is used to integrate the electrical information of the low-voltage line, the area information to which it belongs, and the layer information to perform fault analysis on the low-voltage line and obtain fault early warning information;

[0055] Feedback module, which is used to issue early warning information and provide timely feedback on faults.

[0056] A computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein when the program is running, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the above-mentioned low-voltage line monitoring and early warning method based on area and level fusion.

[0057] A processor is used to run a program, wherein when the program is running, the low-voltage line monitoring and early warning method based on area and level fusion described above is executed.

[0058] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0059] 1. Comprehensive and Accurate Fault Monitoring: Existing monitoring technologies use a single method, often limited to electrical parameter measurements. This patented method comprehensively reflects the operating status of low-voltage lines by collecting multiple types of data, including electrical parameters, equipment information, geography and topology, and the environment. Combining meteorological data with cable temperature data can more accurately determine the likelihood of faults caused by insulation aging in hot weather, avoiding misjudgments and missed faults due to missing information, significantly improving the accuracy of fault monitoring.

[0060] 2. Efficient Line Division and Management: This patented method uses collected data to perform zone and level division. Using a clustering algorithm to divide zones, lines with similar operating characteristics can be grouped together for targeted management. Level division based on load, equipment criticality, and topology clarifies line importance and risk levels. This differs from existing methods that fail to fully account for line differences, helping operations and maintenance personnel quickly locate key monitoring lines, rationally allocate O&M resources, and improve management efficiency.

[0061] 3. Timely and accurate fault warnings: This system integrates multi-source information for fault analysis, calculating the probability of failure by comprehensively considering the degree of voltage, current, and power anomalies, as well as the risk factors for faults at the zone and level. Compared to traditional early warning systems, this system can more accurately assess the likelihood of line failures. By setting thresholds and issuing timely warnings, such as notifying operations and maintenance personnel before a fault occurs, it can help prevent it and reduce outage duration and economic losses.

[0062] 4. Optimized warning release and feedback mechanisms: Multiple recipients are identified and appropriate release channels are selected for each, such as SMS push notifications for operations and maintenance personnel and pop-up notifications on the system interface for dispatchers. Information presentation is optimized, with tabular presentations and action suggestions provided to facilitate rapid decision-making. A feedback and follow-up mechanism is established to ensure effective warning processing. Archiving and analysis are also used to optimize the system and continuously improve warning reliability. These are all shortcomings of existing technologies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly describes the drawings required for the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals throughout the drawings. Elements or parts in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0064] Figure 1 The figure is a flow chart of a low-voltage line monitoring and early warning method based on the integration of area and level;

[0065] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a low-voltage line monitoring and early warning system based on the integration of areas and levels. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0067] It should be understood that when used in this application, the terms "include" and "comprising" indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0068] It should also be understood that the terms used in the present specification are only for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the present specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0069] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in this application refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0070] Example 1

[0071] like Figure 1 The figure shows a flow chart of a low-voltage line monitoring and early warning method based on the integration of area and level, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0072] S1: Data collection is performed to obtain electrical parameter data, equipment information data, geographical and topological structure data, and environmental data related to the low-voltage line.

[0073] S11: Electrical parameter data

[0074] Voltage, current, and power data: Real-time voltage and current values are collected at each line node, including the amplitude and phase information of the three-phase voltage and current. This data can be used to determine whether there are overvoltage, undervoltage, overload, or three-phase imbalance issues. Power data, such as active power, reactive power, and apparent power, can reflect the load of the line and the efficiency of power utilization. If the current of a low-voltage line in a commercial area continuously exceeds the rated value and the active power is too high, it may indicate that the area is overloaded.

[0075] Power factor and frequency data: The power factor reflects the ratio of inductive to capacitive loads in a line. A low power factor increases line losses. Frequency is a key indicator of the power system and should remain stable under normal circumstances. Frequency fluctuations may indicate system anomalies. For example, when a large number of inductive loads are in operation, the power factor will decrease; and if there is a power shortage in the grid, the frequency may drop.

[0076] Phase measurement is achieved by precisely timing and calculating the zero-crossing moments of the voltage and current signals.

[0077] Residual current: Measured using a residual current operated device or a dedicated tester. The former operates when a set value is reached, while the latter directly displays the residual current by placing a probe over the circuit being tested. This works by detecting the vector sum of the currents, which is normally zero but not zero when leakage occurs. Specific examples include residual current operated devices and residual current testers.

[0078] Three-phase imbalance: Use a three-phase power analyzer or multi-function power quality analyzer. Connect its voltage probe and current clamp to the three-phase lines. The instrument calculates the three-phase current difference, calculates the imbalance according to the formula, and displays it, reflecting the three-phase load balance.

[0079] Ground resistance: can be measured by ground resistance tester.

[0080] Insulation resistance: Measured with an insulation resistance tester (megohmmeter).

[0081] Cable temperature: Infrared thermometers measure cable temperature contactlessly. Simply aim at the cable surface and press a button to display the temperature. A temperature sensor (such as a thermocouple) is installed on the cable, converting the temperature into an electrical signal that is processed and displayed on the meter.

[0082] S12: Device information data

[0083] Equipment parameters and operating status: Parameters of various devices in the line must be recorded, such as the rated capacity and ratio of transformers, and the rated current and breaking capacity of switchgear. Furthermore, operational status information must be collected, such as the open and closed status of switches and whether fuses are blown. If the actual load rate of a transformer approaches or exceeds the rated capacity, it may overheat and affect normal operation. Abnormal open and closed states of switches may cause power outages or escalate faults.

[0084] Equipment Location and Connections: Clarifying the specific location of each device in the low-voltage circuit and the connections between them helps construct the circuit topology and provides an intuitive basis for fault analysis. For example, understanding the connection between the distribution box and each branch circuit allows for quick identification of the affected area when a branch circuit fails.

[0085] S13: Geographic and topological data

[0086] Geographic coordinate data: By acquiring geographic coordinate information for lines, towers, and equipment, and leveraging geographic information system (GIS) technology, low-voltage lines can be visually displayed on a map. This allows for rapid location of faults during troubleshooting, improving repair efficiency. In cities, the GIS system clearly shows the direction and coverage area of each low-voltage line. When a fault occurs, repair personnel can quickly reach the scene based on the geographic coordinates.

[0087] Topology data: This data captures the detailed topology of low-voltage lines, including branching patterns, connection sequences, and the relationships between different areas and voltage levels. This information allows for rapid analysis of potential fault propagation paths and impact areas. For example, if a trunk line fails, the topology can be used to determine which branch lines will be affected and which areas will experience power outages.

[0088] S14: Environmental Data

[0089] Meteorological data: Collect meteorological data for the area where the line is located, such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, rainfall, and lightning activity. High temperatures can hinder heat dissipation in cables, accelerating insulation aging; high humidity can easily lead to leakage faults; and lightning activity can cause overvoltage in lines, damaging equipment. During the summer heatwave, if low-voltage lines in a certain area are exposed to high temperatures for extended periods, the cable insulation may overheat and damage, increasing the risk of short circuits.

[0090] Surrounding environmental data: Understand the environmental conditions surrounding the line, such as whether there is construction activity and proximity to pollution sources. Construction may cause external damage to the line; pollution sources may corrode line equipment, affecting its normal operation. If a section of low-voltage line is near a construction site, excavation and lifting operations during construction may damage cables, causing line failures.

[0091] S2: Divide the low-voltage lines into zones based on the collected data.

[0092] S21: Assume that the data types collected are electrical parameter data D1, equipment information data D2, geographic and topological structure data D3, and environmental data D4. Assign weights to each collected data type, namely w1, w2, w3, and w4, and satisfy Weights can be determined based on key operational factors and analysis of historical data. For example, if a region is frequently affected by severe weather, leading to line failures, the weight of environmental data (w4) can be increased. If equipment aging is a prominent issue, the weight of equipment information data (w2) can be increased.

[0093] S22: For each low-voltage line section j, combine all types of data into a data feature vector X in a certain order. j .

[0094] Assume that the electrical parameter data D1 contains m1 parameters (such as voltage, current, power, etc.), the device information data D2 contains m2 parameters (device parameters, operating status, etc.), the geographic and topological structure data D3 contains m3 parameters (geographic coordinates, topological structure, etc.), and the environmental data D4 contains m4 parameters (meteorological data, surrounding environment, etc.). Then the data feature vector is:

[0095]

[0096] Among them, x ji represents the i-th data feature of the j-th line. For example, x j1 It may be the voltage value of the j-th line at a certain moment, It may be the rated capacity of a device on the line.

[0097] S23: Select a clustering algorithm and randomly select K initial cluster centers. Each cluster center is also a vector that is consistent with the data feature vector X. j Vectors of the same dimension.

[0098] Here we use the K-means clustering algorithm, and set the number of cluster categories to K (K is pre-set based on experience or a general understanding of route distribution). Randomly select K initial cluster centers C1, C2, ..., C K, each cluster center is also a data feature vector X j Vectors of the same dimension.

[0099] The cluster centers are as follows:

[0100]

[0101] Where k = 1, 2,…, K.

[0102] S24: Calculate the distance from the data feature vector of the low-voltage line to the cluster center.

[0103] The Euclidean distance formula is used to calculate the data feature vector X of the j-th low-voltage line j To the kth cluster center C k The distance d(X j ,C k ):

[0104]

[0105] S25: For each low-voltage line j, assign it to the area where the nearest cluster center is located. That is, find k * , making Then the jth line belongs to the kth line * an area.

[0106] S26: Recalculate the mean of all data feature vectors in each area and use the mean as the new cluster center. For the kth area, suppose there are n k Data feature vectors, new cluster centers The value of each dimension is calculated as follows:

[0107]

[0108] S27: Calculate the difference between the new cluster center and the cluster center of the previous iteration. If the difference is less than the threshold, the area division is completed. Otherwise, return to step S24 to continue iteration. For example, the total difference S of all cluster centers is calculated using the Euclidean distance.

[0109]

[0110] If S is less than a preset threshold (a very small positive number, such as 0.001), the clustering is considered to have converged and the area division is completed; otherwise, return to step S24 to continue the iteration.

[0111] S3: Divide the low-voltage lines into layers based on the collected data.

[0112] S31: Determine the data and weights for hierarchical division. Assume that the collected data set is D = {D1, D2, D3}, which represent electrical parameter data, equipment information data, and geographic and topological structure data respectively. Assign weights to each data type, namely σ1, σ2, σ3, and satisfy

[0113] S32: Setting the Tier Criteria

[0114] 1. Load standard

[0115] Assume that the active power is P, and set the active power classification thresholds to P1 and P2 (P1>P2). Define the load level function L P (P) is:

[0116]

[0117] Let the apparent power be S, and set the apparent power classification thresholds to S1 and S2 (S1>S2). Define the apparent power level function L S (S) is:

[0118]

[0119] 2. Equipment criticality standards

[0120] Assume the transformer rated capacity is Q, and set the transformer rated capacity classification threshold to Q1. Define the transformer capacity level function L Q (Q) is

[0121]

[0122] Assume the switch breaking current is I, and set the switch breaking current classification threshold to I1. Define the switch breaking capacity level function L I (I)

[0123]

[0124] 3. Topology Standards

[0125] Assume that the line topology type is T. If T is a backbone line, T = 1; if T is a branch line, T = 2; if T is a terminal line, T = 3. Define the topology structure level function L T (T) is:

[0126]

[0127] S33: Divide the low-voltage lines into layers.

[0128] For each low-voltage line j, its active power is P j , the apparent power is S j, the rated capacity of the transformer is Q j , the switch breaking current is I j , topology type is T j .

[0129] Calculate the tier score for each criterion:

[0130] Load level score L P (P j ), L S (S j ), take the average of the two as the load comprehensive level score

[0131] Equipment criticality level score L Q (Q j ), L I (I j ), take the average of the two as the comprehensive level score of equipment criticality

[0132] Topology level score

[0133] Taking into account the weight of each standard, the final level score of the route is calculated

[0134]

[0135] Determine the level L of low-voltage line j according to the final level score j :

[0136]

[0137] S4: Integrate the electrical information of the low-voltage line, the area information to which it belongs, and the level information to perform fault analysis on the low-voltage line and obtain fault warning information.

[0138] S41: integrating the area information obtained by the area division in step S2, the level information obtained by the level division in step S3, and the electrical information collected in step S1.

[0139] Z j is the area of the jth low-voltage line, L j is the level of low voltage line j, V j , I j 、P j are the voltage, current and active power of low-voltage line j, respectively, and are expressed in vector form as follows:

[0140]

[0141] The fused information vector is

[0142] S42: Set weights for each parameter in the information vector and calculate the voltage anomaly, current overload, and power anomaly of the low-voltage line. j The weight is w Z ;L j The weight is w L , The weights of each parameter are w V 、w I 、w P etc. and satisfy

[0143] w Z +w L +w V +w I +w P +…=1.

[0144] For the voltage in the electrical information, the normal voltage range is set as [V min ,V max ], when V j <V min When the voltage abnormality When V j >V max hour, When V min ≤V j ≤V max hour,

[0145] For current, set the rated current to I rated , when I j >I rated When the current overload degree When I j ≤I rated hour,

[0146] For power, set the normal power range to [P min ,P max ], the calculation method of power abnormality is similar to that of voltage. When P j <P min hour, When P j >P max hour, When P min ≤P j ≤P max hour,

[0147] S43: Assign failure risk coefficients to the zones and levels and perform quantitative processing. For example, zone information Z j If different area types are represented, a failure risk coefficient can be assigned to each area type based on historical failure data. Level information L j , the primary line fault risk coefficient is set to r L1 , the second level is set to r L2 , the third level is set to r L3 .

[0148] S44: Calculate the failure probability of each low-voltage line j by integrating the voltage anomaly degree, current overload degree, power anomaly degree and corresponding weights, area and level fault risk coefficients.

[0149]

[0150] S45: Setting the fault probability threshold P threshold ,when When the fault occurs, a warning message will be issued.

[0151] Warning information can include line number j, fault probability Possible fault types (determined based on abnormal electrical information, such as overvoltage may cause insulation damage, overload may cause line overheating, etc.), etc.

[0152] like Generate early warning information Possible fault types].

[0153] S5: Issue early warning information and provide timely feedback on faults.

[0154] Determine the recipients of warning information: Identify the personnel or systems that need to receive low-voltage line fault warning information. This mainly includes line operation and maintenance personnel, who are responsible for daily line inspections and fault handling and need to know the fault warning in time to arrange emergency repairs; power dispatchers, who need to adjust power distribution strategies based on warning information to ensure stable operation of the power system; and may also involve higher-level management departments so that they can understand the overall line operation status and make decisions. Use the set R = {r1, r2, …, r n} indicates the receiving object, r i Represents the i-th receiving object, such as r1 is the person in charge of line operation and maintenance in a certain area, r2 is the dispatcher of the power dispatching center, etc.

[0155] Select the channel for releasing early warning information: Choose the appropriate release channel based on the characteristics of the recipients and the actual situation. For line operation and maintenance personnel, SMS, mobile application push and other methods are preferred to ensure that they can receive information in a timely manner when working outdoors. For example, an early warning SMS is sent to the mobile phone of the operation and maintenance personnel through the SMS platform. The SMS content contains key information such as the line number, fault probability and possible fault type; for power dispatchers, an early warning window can be popped up in real time on the power dispatch system interface where they work. The window displays detailed early warning information and is accompanied by sound prompts to attract the attention of the dispatchers; for higher-level management departments, in addition to email notifications, reports containing statistical analysis of fault warnings can be generated regularly and sent in the form of PDF files to facilitate their comprehensive understanding of the situation.

[0156] Optimize the presentation of early warning information content: Optimize the generated early warning information to make it clearer and easier to understand, so that the recipients can make decisions quickly. Present detailed early warning information in a table format, and the table header contains fields such as "line number", "fault probability", "possible fault type", and "recommended treatment measures". For "recommended treatment measures", formulate corresponding operational suggestions based on different possible fault types. For example, if the possible fault type is "insulation damage caused by overvoltage", the recommended treatment measures are "immediately check the insulation condition of the line, focus on checking the abnormal voltage area, and replace the damaged insulation parts if necessary"; if it is "overload causing line overheating", it is recommended to "adjust the load distribution of the line, check the heating parts, and increase heat dissipation measures", etc. In this way, the recipient can intuitively obtain key information and know how to respond.

[0157] Establish a warning information feedback and follow-up mechanism: Establish a mechanism to ensure effective feedback and follow-up after the warning information is issued. After receiving the warning information, the recipient must confirm and feedback through the mobile application or dispatch system within the specified time (such as 10 minutes). The feedback information is recorded in the system, including the receiving time, confirmation time and confirmer. For lines that have issued warnings, the system automatically records the warning time and continuously monitors the line status. If the failure probability drops below the threshold within the set time (such as 1 hour), it is marked as "warning lifted"; if a fault occurs, the system records the time of the fault and pushes the relevant information to the operation and maintenance personnel to start the fault repair process. At the same time, the line status in the dispatch system is updated to remind the dispatch personnel to adjust the power distribution.

[0158] Early warning information archiving and analysis: Published early warning information is archived for subsequent query and analysis. This archived information includes the full content of the warning, the release date, feedback from recipients, and the actual subsequent performance of the line. Early warning information is regularly analyzed, with statistics compiled on the number of fault warnings and actual fault rates for different areas and levels of lines, to analyze the accuracy and effectiveness of the warning information. For example, if analysis reveals a low early warning accuracy in a particular area, further investigation may reveal errors in the data collection equipment in that area, leading to inaccurate calculations of the failure probability. This provides a basis for optimizing the monitoring system and continuously improving the reliability of early warnings.

[0159] Example 2

[0160] like Figure 2 A low-voltage line monitoring and early warning system based on the integration of area and level is applied to the above-mentioned low-voltage line monitoring and early warning method based on the integration of area and level, including:

[0161] An acquisition module is used to collect data to obtain electrical parameter data, equipment information data, geographic and topological structure data, and environmental data related to the low-voltage line;

[0162] The area module is used to divide the low-voltage lines into areas based on the collected data;

[0163] The hierarchical module is used to divide the low-voltage lines into different levels according to the collected data;

[0164] The early warning module is used to integrate the electrical information of the low-voltage line, the area information to which it belongs, and the layer information to perform fault analysis on the low-voltage line and obtain fault early warning information;

[0165] Feedback module, which is used to issue early warning information and provide timely feedback on faults.

[0166] Example 3

[0167] A computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein when the program is running, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the above-mentioned low-voltage line monitoring and early warning method based on area and level fusion.

[0168] Example 4

[0169] A processor is used to run a program, wherein when the program is running, the low-voltage line monitoring and early warning method based on area and level fusion described above is executed.

[0170] The present application discloses a low-voltage line monitoring and early warning method, system, medium and processor based on the fusion of area and level. The method first collects electrical parameters, equipment information, geographical and topological structure, and environmental data, then divides the low-voltage line into areas and levels, and then integrates relevant information to perform fault analysis to obtain early warning information, and finally issues an early warning. The system includes acquisition, area, level, early warning and feedback modules. Computer-readable storage media and processors can execute the method program. Compared with the existing technology, the present invention can integrate multiple types of data, accurately divide line areas and levels, comprehensively analyze faults, issue early warnings in a timely and accurate manner, optimize early warning release channels and content, establish an effective feedback follow-up mechanism, improve the accuracy and efficiency of low-voltage line monitoring and early warning, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the line.

[0171] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the composition of each example has been generally described in terms of function in the above description. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0172] In the embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the division of units is merely a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation, for example, multiple units can be combined into one unit, one unit can be split into multiple units, or some features can be ignored, etc.

[0173] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into a single processing unit, each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

[0174] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-0nly Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), mobile hard disk, magnetic disk or optical disk, etc., various media that can store program code.

[0175] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A low-voltage line monitoring and early warning method based on area and level fusion, characterized in that: include: S1: Perform data collection to obtain electrical parameter data, equipment information data, geographic and topological structure data, and environmental data related to low-voltage lines; S2: Divide the low-voltage lines into zones based on the collected data; S3: Divide the low-voltage lines into different levels according to the collected data; S4: Integrate the electrical information of the low-voltage line, the area information to which it belongs, and the layer information to perform fault analysis on the low-voltage line and obtain fault warning information; S5: Issue early warning information and provide timely feedback on faults.

2. The low-voltage line monitoring and early warning method based on area and level fusion according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S2, the low-voltage line is divided into zones according to the collected data, including the following steps: S21: assigning a weight to each collected data type; S22: For each low-voltage line section, various types of data are combined into a data feature vector in a certain order; S23: Select a clustering algorithm and randomly select K initial cluster centers. Each cluster center is a vector with the same dimension as the data feature vector. S24: Calculate the distance between the data feature vector of the low-voltage line and the cluster center; S25: For each low-voltage line section, assign it to the area with the nearest cluster center; S26: Recalculate the mean of all data feature vectors in each area and use the mean as the new cluster center; S27: Calculate the difference between the new cluster center and the cluster center of the previous iteration. If the difference is less than the threshold, the area division is completed. Otherwise, return to step S24 to continue iteration.

3. The low-voltage line monitoring and early warning method based on area and level fusion according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In step S22, the data feature vector is as follows: Among them, x ji Represents the i-th data feature of the j-th section of the line; j represents the low-voltage line number; m1 is the number of electrical parameters; m2 is the equipment information parameter; m3 is the geographical and topological structure parameter; m4 is the environmental data parameter.

4. The low-voltage line monitoring and early warning method based on area and level fusion according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step S23, the cluster centers are as follows: Where k = 1, 2,…, K.

5. The low-voltage line monitoring and early warning method based on area and level fusion according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S3, the low-voltage lines are divided into different levels according to the collected data, including the following steps: S31: Determine the data and weights used for hierarchical division; S32: Setting hierarchical classification standards, wherein the hierarchical classification standards include load standards, equipment criticality standards, and topology standards; the load standards include active power and apparent power; the equipment criticality standards include transformer rated capacity and switch breaking current; and the topology standards include line topology type; S33: Divide the low-voltage lines into layers.

6. The low-voltage line monitoring and early warning method based on area and level fusion according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S33, the hierarchical division of the low-voltage lines includes the following steps: The formula for calculating the load comprehensive level score is as follows: The comprehensive level score of the criticality of the equipment is calculated using the following formula: Calculate the topology level score using the following formula: Taking into account the weight of each standard, the final tier score of the low-voltage line is calculated using the following formula: The tier of the low-voltage line is determined based on the final tier score: In the above formula, j is the low-voltage line; σ1, σ2, and σ3 are the weights of electrical parameter data, equipment information data, and geographical and topological structure data respectively; P1 and P2 are the active power classification thresholds; S1 and S2 are the apparent power classification thresholds; Q1 is the transformer rated capacity classification threshold; I1 is the switch breaking current classification threshold; L P (P j ) is the load level function; L S (S j ) is the apparent power level function; L Q (Q j ) is the transformer capacity level function; L I (I j ) is the breaking capacity level function of the switch; L T (T j ) is a topology level function; Score the comprehensive load level; Provides a comprehensive level score for equipment criticality; Score the topology level; Score for the final level; L j is the level of low-voltage line j; P j is the active power of low voltage line j; S j is the apparent power of low-voltage line j; Q j is the rated capacity of the transformer of low-voltage line j; I j is the switch breaking current of low voltage line j; T j is the line topology type of low-voltage line j.

7. The low-voltage line monitoring and early warning method based on area and level fusion according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S4, the electrical information of the low-voltage line, the area information and the level information thereof are integrated to perform fault analysis on the low-voltage line to obtain fault warning information, including the following steps: S41: Fusing the area information, layer information, and electrical information to obtain an information vector of the low-voltage line; S42: Setting weights for the parameters in the information vector and calculating the voltage abnormality, current overload, and power abnormality of the low-voltage line; S43: Assign failure risk coefficients to the areas and levels for quantitative processing; S44: Calculate the failure probability of each low-voltage line section by integrating the voltage anomaly degree, current overload degree, power anomaly degree and corresponding weights, and the zone and layer fault risk coefficients; S45: Setting a fault probability threshold and comparing it with the fault probability; if the threshold is exceeded, issuing a fault warning message.

8. A low-voltage line monitoring and early warning system based on area and level integration, characterized in that: The low-voltage line monitoring and early warning method based on area and level fusion as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises: An acquisition module is used to collect data to obtain electrical parameter data, equipment information data, geographic and topological structure data, and environmental data related to the low-voltage line; The area module is used to divide the low-voltage lines into areas based on the collected data; The hierarchical module is used to divide the low-voltage lines into different levels according to the collected data; The early warning module is used to integrate the electrical information of the low-voltage line, the area information to which it belongs, and the layer information to perform fault analysis on the low-voltage line and obtain fault early warning information; Feedback module, which is used to issue early warning information and provide timely feedback on faults.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein when the program is running, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the low-voltage line monitoring and early warning method based on area and level fusion as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A processor, characterized in that: The processor is used to run a program, wherein when the program is run, the low-voltage line monitoring and early warning method based on area and level fusion as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is executed.

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