Single- and double-seed switching intelligent seed metering device with self-adjusting seed suction holes and seed metering method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a single- and double-grain switching intelligent seed metering device and seeding method with self-adjusting seed suction holes, which relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The device comprises a front housing and a rear housing, wherein the rear housing is connected to the front housing by bolts, a seeding disc is provided between the front housing and the rear housing, a negative pressure chamber is formed between the seeding disc and the rear housing, an air intake and a direct drive motor are provided on the rear housing, the direct drive motor is connected to the seeding disc, a seed filling chamber is formed between the seeding disc and the front housing, a seeding port and a seed inlet are provided on the front housing, and a visual sensor and an information processing module are provided on the seed inlet. The present invention adopts the above-mentioned single- and double-grain switching intelligent seed metering device and seeding method with self-adjusting seed suction holes, which solves the problem that traditional air-suction seed meters need to frequently replace seeding discs to adapt to different seeds and sowing requirements, improves the versatility and ease of operation of the seed metering device, reduces production and maintenance costs, and significantly optimizes sowing accuracy and operating efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a single-grain and double-grain switching intelligent seed metering device with self-adjusting seed suction holes and a seed metering method. Background Art

[0002] As the core component of a precision seeder, the performance of the seed meter directly affects the uniformity and stability of sowing and the utilization rate of seeds. At present, seed meters are mainly divided into two categories: mechanical and pneumatic. Among them, air-suction seed meters have been widely used in agricultural production due to their advantages such as less damage to seeds, strong adaptability, and high seeding accuracy. They are especially suitable for precision sowing of crops such as corn, soybeans, and cotton. However, existing air-suction seed meters still have certain limitations. For example, in order to adapt to seeds of different shapes and sizes, it is usually necessary to replace seed trays of different specifications, which not only increases the maintenance cost of the equipment, but also affects the operating efficiency. In addition, under different planting requirements, the switching between single and double seed sowing of traditional seed meters is relatively cumbersome, and it is difficult to meet the rapid adjustment of different crop varieties and agronomic requirements. In order to overcome these problems and improve the operational adaptability and ease of operation of the seeder, it is of great significance to develop an innovative air-suction seed meter. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a single-grain and double-grain switching intelligent seed metering device and seeding method with self-adjusting seed suction holes, which can identify seeds of different types and different particle sizes. Without replacing the seeding disc, the seed suction holes can adaptively adjust the aperture to achieve universal seeding; at the same time, it has the flexible switching function of single-grain and double-grain sowing modes, and can be quickly adjusted according to the planting agronomic requirements of different crops.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a single-grain and double-grain switching intelligent seed metering device with self-adjusting seed suction holes, comprising a front shell and a rear shell, wherein the rear shell is connected to the front shell by bolts, a seeding disk is arranged between the front shell and the rear shell, the seeding disk comprises an adjusting mechanism, an upper disk body and a lower disk body, the adjusting mechanism is installed between the lower disk body and the upper disk body, the adjusting mechanism comprises a slider, a connecting rod and a rotating cylinder, the rotating cylinder is arranged on the lower disk body, the rotating cylinder is connected to the connecting rod, a plurality of connecting rods are provided, and the plurality of connecting rods are all connected to the slider;

[0005] The slider is provided with a seed suction hole, and two seed suction holes are provided. A miniature spring made of shape memory alloy and a resistance wire shell are provided in the two seed suction holes.

[0006] Preferably, the slider is arranged between the upper disk body and the lower disk body, and the lower disk body and the upper disk body are both composed of a plurality of disk blocks. The lower disk body and the upper disk body are both provided with openings, grooves and slide grooves, and the slide grooves and the grooves are respectively arranged at the two ends of the same disk block, and the slide grooves are connected with the grooves on the adjacent disk blocks for the movement of the slider.

[0007] Preferably, an L-shaped groove is provided at the end of the sliding block close to the rotating cylinder, the L-shaped groove is connected to the connecting rod, and the L-shaped groove is used to limit the movement range of the connecting rod.

[0008] Preferably, the opening is connected to the seed suction hole, the diameter of the opening is larger than the diameters of the two seed suction holes, and the end of the seed suction hole is slidably connected to the slot.

[0009] Preferably, a scraper 1 and a scraper 2 are provided on the upper disc, the scraper 2 and the scraper 1 are arranged between the upper disc and the front shell, and a brush is provided inside the front shell.

[0010] Preferably, a seed filling chamber is formed between the seed disc and the front shell, a seed port and a seed inlet are provided on the front shell, a visual sensor and an information processing module are provided on the seed inlet, a negative pressure chamber is formed between the seed disc and the rear shell, an air intake and a direct drive motor are provided on the rear shell, and the direct drive motor is connected to the seed disc.

[0011] Preferably, the direct drive motor is connected to a gear, the gear is engaged with the rotating cylinder, the rotating cylinder passes through the rear shell, and an arc-shaped groove is provided on the inner surface of the rear shell.

[0012] Preferably, the information processing module includes a data acquisition unit, an image processing algorithm unit, a decision control unit and a current regulation unit, the current regulation unit is connected to the resistance wire housing and the decision control unit, the decision control unit is connected to the image processing algorithm unit, and the image processing algorithm unit is connected to the data acquisition unit.

[0013] A seeding method comprises the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Use a visual sensor to detect the size of seeds entering the seed inlet in real time;

[0015] Step 2: The information processing module adjusts the current intensity of the resistance wire housing according to the detection results, so that the resistance wire housing heats the micro spring to deform, and the opening size of the seed suction hole is adjusted to accommodate seeds of different sizes;

[0016] Step 3: By adjusting the movement position of the connecting rod, the slider slides in the chute to switch between single-seed and double-seed seeding modes;

[0017] Step 4: The external fan is powered on and connected to the air inlet to extract air, forming a negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber, and adsorbing the seeds in the seed filling chamber onto the seed suction hole;

[0018] Step 5: As the seed tray rotates, the seeds adsorbed on the seed suction holes fall from the seed outlet, completing the sowing process.

[0019] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned single-grain and double-grain switching intelligent seed metering device and seed metering method with self-adjusting seed suction holes, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) The present invention realizes the switching between single and double seeds by sliding multiple sliders in the seeding disc, replacing the operation of replacing the seeding disc for single and double seeds in the existing technology. The switching between single and double seeding modes is realized through this simple adjustment mechanism, making the seeding operation more convenient.

[0021] (2) In the present invention, the rotating drum can be rotated by a direct drive motor, thereby driving the connecting rod to move, causing the connecting rod to drive the slider, so that the slider slides in the internal groove of the seeding disk, realizing the switching between single-seed and double-seed sowing to meet different sowing needs.

[0022] (3) The present invention adopts an adjustable seed suction aperture design, which enables the seed meter to adapt to seeds of different sizes without replacing the seed disc. This innovative design not only improves the adaptability of the seed meter, but also effectively reduces the frequency of equipment component replacement, reduces production and maintenance costs, and optimizes the overall operating efficiency of the seeder.

[0023] (4) The present invention accurately adjusts the size of the seed suction hole 32 through the setting of the signal processing module and the visual sensor, thereby realizing intelligent automatic adaptation of the seed size.

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of an intelligent seed metering device with self-adjusting seed suction holes and single- and double-grain switching;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a side view of an intelligent seed metering device with self-adjusting seed suction holes and single- and double-grain switching according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the intelligent seed metering device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the intelligent seed metering device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the front housing structure of the intelligent seed metering device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rear housing structure of the intelligent seed metering device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the seeding tray of the intelligent seeding device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 The internal structure of the seeding tray of the intelligent seeding device of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 9 The internal structure of the seeding tray of the intelligent seeding device of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the seed suction hole structure of the intelligent seed metering device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a rear view of the intelligent seed metering device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the visual sensor of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the workflow of the information processing module of the present invention;

[0038] Reference numerals

[0039] 1. Front shell; 11. Seed inlet; 12. Seed discharge port; 120. Brush; 13. Baffle; 2. Rear shell; 22. Air intake; 210. Arc-shaped groove; 3. Seed plate; 31. Slider; 32. Seed suction hole; 320. Rotating cylinder; 33. Connecting rod; 34. Upper plate; 35. Lower plate; 36. Slot; 4. Direct drive motor; 41. Bearing; 42. Gear; 5. Negative pressure chamber; 6. Seed filling chamber; 7. Slide; 8. L-shaped groove; 510. Scraper 1; 520. Scraper 2; 650. Micro spring; 660. Resistance wire housing; 670. Opening; 680. Visual sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0041] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the usual meanings understood by persons of ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar terms used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects preceding the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0042] Example

[0043] See also Figures 1-13 The present invention provides a single- and double-seed switching intelligent seed metering device with self-adjusting seed suction holes, comprising a front housing 1 and a rear housing 2. The front housing 1 and rear housing 2 are adapted in shape and are detachably connected by bolts after being engaged. A seed disc 3 is disposed between the front housing 1 and rear housing 2. The front housing 1 is provided with a seed inlet 11, a seed discharge port 12, a brush 120, and a baffle 13. The chamber within the rear housing 2 is connected to a fan suction port 22 outside the rear housing 2. An arcuate groove 210 is provided on the inner surface of the rear housing 2. The rear end of the outer surface of the rear housing 2 is connected to a direct-drive motor 4. The area between the seed disc 3 and the front housing 1 forms a seed filling chamber 6. The arcuate groove 210 on the inner surface of the rear housing 2 forms a negative pressure chamber 5. Seeds are filled into the seed filling chamber 6 through the seed inlet 11, and the seed disc 3 rotates with the transmission device. When an external fan is energized and connected to the suction port 22, it draws air, creating a negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber 5, which attracts the seeds in the seed filling chamber 6 to the seed suction holes 32. As the seeding disc 3 rotates, the seeds adsorbed on the seed suction holes 32 fall from the seeding opening 12, completing the sowing process.

[0044] The seed disc 3 includes an adjusting mechanism, an upper disc body 34 and a lower disc body 35. An adjusting mechanism is installed between the lower disc body 35 and the upper disc body 34. The adjusting mechanism includes a slider 31, a connecting rod 33 and a rotating cylinder 320. The rotating cylinder 320 is arranged on the lower disc body 35. The rotating cylinder 320 is connected to the connecting rod 33. There are multiple connecting rods 33, and the multiple connecting rods 33 are all connected to the slider 31.

[0045] An L-shaped groove 8 is provided at the end of the slider 31 close to the rotating cylinder 320, and the L-shaped groove 8 is connected to the connecting rod 33. The L-shaped groove 8 is used to limit the movement range of the connecting rod 33. A seed suction hole 32 is provided at the end of the slider 31 away from the rotating cylinder 320. The seed suction hole 32 crosses the slider 31. There are two seed suction holes 32. A micro spring 650 made of shape memory alloy and a resistance wire housing 660 are provided in the two seed suction holes 32.

[0046] The slider 31 is arranged between the upper disk body 34 and the lower disk body 35. The lower disk body 35 and the upper disk body 34 are both composed of multiple disk blocks. The lower disk body 35 and the upper disk body 34 are both provided with openings 670, slots 36 and slide grooves 7. The slide grooves 7 and the slots 36 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the same disk block. The slide grooves 7 are connected to the slots 36 on the adjacent disk blocks for the movement of the slider 31.

[0047] The opening 670 is connected to the seed suction hole 32. The diameter of the opening 670 is larger than the diameter of the two seed suction holes 32. The ends of the seed suction holes 32 are slidably connected to the slots 36. In order to achieve seed adaptation under intelligent control, a seed suction hole 32 is designed in the slider 31. The micro spring 650 is made of an intelligent material shape memory alloy and has the characteristic of deforming at a specific temperature. The seed suction hole 32 is made of a rubber material, and its size and shape can be automatically adjusted according to the size of the seed. A visual sensor 680 and an information processing module are provided on the seed inlet 11. The visual sensor 680 is used to identify the size of the seeds entering the seed filling chamber 6.

[0048] During the operation of the seed meter, the switching between single and double seed sowing modes can be achieved by adjusting the movement position of the connecting rod 33. When the connecting rod 33 slides along the L-shaped groove 8 to the leftmost end, the slider 31 moves toward the inside of the seed plate 3, and the two seed suction holes 32 on the slider 31 are completely aligned with the front opening 670 of the seed plate 3. At this time, two seeds can be released to achieve the double seed sowing mode. Figure 9 The double seed sowing mode is suitable for crops that require a higher sowing density. It improves sowing efficiency by releasing two seeds each time.

[0049] When the connecting rod 33 slides to the right end of the L-shaped groove 8, the slider 31 slides to the outside of the seeding disc 3, and the seed suction hole 32 on the slider 31 is staggered with the front opening 670 of the seeding disc 3 to ensure that only one seed is released, thereby realizing the single seed sowing mode. Figure 8 This switching process is achieved by the precise sliding of the slider 31 in the chute 7, so that the number of seeds adsorbed each time can be stably controlled between one or two to meet different sowing needs.

[0050] The upper plate 34 is provided with a scraper 1 510 and a scraper 2 520 . The scraper 2 520 and the scraper 1 510 are arranged between the upper plate 34 and the front housing 1 . A brush 120 is arranged inside the front housing 1 .

[0051] In order to ensure the precise operation of the seed meter in different modes, two scrapers and a brush 120 are provided in this embodiment, namely the brush 120, scraper 1 510 and scraper 2 520. In the double-seed sowing mode, the brush 120 and the scraper work together to ensure the accuracy of the seed quantity. When the seed meter is in the double-seed sowing state, the seed suction hole 32 absorbs two seeds, and the excess seeds may adhere to the seed suction hole 32 or the surface of the seed tray 3. At this time, the brush 120 is responsible for cleaning the surface of the seed tray 3, removing excess seeds, and preventing seed accumulation; while the scraper 1 510 and the scraper 2 520 are located in the front of the seed tray 3, cleaning the residual seeds around the seed suction hole 32 and the rear of the seed tray 3, ensuring that the number of seeds adsorbed each time is always maintained at the predetermined value, avoiding seed overlap and uneven sowing due to excess seeds.

[0052] In single-seed mode, the seed metering device relies solely on the brush 120 to clear excess seeds from the seed tray surface. Scrapers 1 510 and 2 520 are not involved. Since the seed suction hole 32 typically only attracts a single seed in single-seed mode, excessive cleaning is unnecessary. The brush 120's primary function is to prevent seed accumulation or overlap, ensuring the correct number of seeds is collected each time and preventing jamming, thereby improving the accuracy of single-seed sowing.

[0053] Through the synergistic effect of the scraper and the brush 120, the seed meter can ensure accurate control of the seed quantity in both double-seed mode and single-seed mode, avoid interference caused by excess seeds, and improve sowing efficiency and accuracy.

[0054] The direct-drive motor 4 is connected to a gear 42, which meshes with a rotating cylinder 320. The rotating cylinder 320 extends through the rear housing 2, and an arcuate groove 210 is provided on the inner surface of the rear housing 2. The direct-drive motor 4 is connected to the gear 42, which meshes with the rotating cylinder 320. The rotation of the gear 42 drives the connecting rod 33 in an axial direction, thereby driving the slider 31 to slide within the slide groove 7. The lower end of the connecting rod 33 is connected to the slider 31, which has an L-shaped groove 8 at its lower end. The shape and size of this L-shaped groove 8 effectively limit the range of motion of the connecting rod 33, thereby precisely controlling the motion path of the slider 31.

[0055] To further enhance the metering device's intelligence and ease of operation, the motor communicates with the operator's control system via a wireless module. The direct-drive motor 4 is connected to a gear 42 via a bearing 41, which meshes with the rotating drum 320. Rotating the direct-drive motor 4 drives the gear 42, which in turn drives the rotating drum 320, enabling switching between single and double seed sowing modes. The operator can precisely control the sliding position of the connecting rod 33 by sending signals to the motor's wireless module using buttons or other user interfaces within the cab.

[0056] The information processing module, comprising a data acquisition unit, an image processing algorithm unit, a decision control unit, and a current regulation unit, serves as the system's core control unit. This module receives seed image data captured by the vision sensor 680, analyzes seed size in real time using a built-in image processing algorithm, and calculates the optimal size of the seed suction hole 32 based on the analysis results.

[0057] The data acquisition unit receives image data from the visual sensor 680. The image processing algorithm unit accurately measures seed size through edge detection, morphological operations, and contour recognition. The decision control unit, based on a fuzzy control algorithm, calculates the optimal size of the seed suction hole 32 based on the seed size distribution characteristics and generates a current control signal. The current regulation unit uses PWM control to precisely adjust the heating current of the resistance wire housing 660 with a control accuracy of ±0.01A. After the above process, the temperature-regulated resistance wire housing 660 drives the expansion and contraction of the micro-spring 650, thereby precisely adjusting the size of the seed suction hole 32 and achieving intelligent and automatic adaptation of seed size.

[0058] A seeding method comprises the following steps:

[0059] Step 1: Use the visual sensor 680 to detect the size of the seeds entering the seed inlet 11 in real time.

[0060] Step 2: The information processing module adjusts the current intensity of the resistance wire housing 660 according to the detection result, so that the resistance wire housing 660 heats the micro spring 650 to deform, and adjusts the opening size of the seed suction hole 32 to accommodate seeds of different sizes.

[0061] Step 3: By adjusting the movement position of the connecting rod 33, the slider 31 slides in the sliding groove 7 to achieve the switching between the single-grain and double-grain seeding modes.

[0062] Step 4: The external fan is powered on and connected to the air inlet 22 to extract air, forming a negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber 5, and adsorbing the seeds in the seed filling chamber onto the seed suction hole.

[0063] Step 5: As the seeding disc 3 rotates, the seeds adsorbed on the seed suction holes 32 are discharged from the seed discharge port 12, completing the sowing process.

[0064] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned single-grain and double-grain switching intelligent seed metering device and seeding method with self-adjustment of the seed suction hole. The present invention realizes the switching of single and double grains by sliding multiple sliders in the seeding disk, replacing the operation of replacing the seeding disk for single and double grain seeding in the existing technology. The switching of single and double grain sowing modes is realized through this simple adjustment mechanism, making the seeding operation more convenient.

[0065] In this invention, a direct-drive motor rotates the rotating drum, thereby driving the connecting rod, which in turn drives the slider, causing it to slide within the internal groove of the seed disc. By adopting an adjustable seed suction aperture, the present invention enables the seed meter to adapt to different seed sizes without replacing the seed disc. This innovative design not only improves the adaptability of the seed meter but also effectively reduces the frequency of equipment component replacement, lowering production and maintenance costs, and optimizing the overall operating efficiency of the seeder.

[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solutions of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent seed metering device with self-adjusting seed suction holes and single and double seed switching, characterized by: The seeding disc comprises a front housing and a rear housing, wherein the rear housing is connected to the front housing by bolts, and a seeding disc is provided between the front housing and the rear housing, wherein the seeding disc comprises an adjusting mechanism, an upper disc body and a lower disc body, wherein the adjusting mechanism is installed between the lower disc body and the upper disc body, and wherein the adjusting mechanism comprises a slider, a connecting rod and a rotating cylinder, wherein the rotating cylinder is provided on the lower disc body, and the rotating cylinder is connected to the connecting rod, wherein a plurality of connecting rods are provided, and each of the plurality of connecting rods is connected to the slider; The slider is provided with a seed suction hole, and there are two seed suction holes. A micro spring made of shape memory alloy and a resistance wire shell are provided in each of the two seed suction holes; The slider is arranged between the upper disk body and the lower disk body. The lower disk body and the upper disk body are both composed of a plurality of disk blocks. The lower disk body and the upper disk body are both provided with openings, slots and chutes. The chutes and the slots are respectively arranged at the two ends of the same disk block. The chutes are connected with the slots on the adjacent disk blocks to allow the slider to move. The end of the slider close to the rotating cylinder is provided with an L-shaped groove, the L-shaped groove is connected to the connecting rod, and the L-shaped groove is used to limit the movement range of the connecting rod; The opening is connected to the seed suction hole, the diameter of the opening is larger than the diameters of the two seed suction holes, and the end of the seed suction hole is slidably connected to the slot; The upper disc body is provided with a scraper 1 and a scraper 2, the scraper 2 and the scraper 1 are arranged between the upper disc body and the front shell body, and a brush is arranged inside the front shell body.

2. The single-grain and double-grain switching intelligent seed metering device with self-adjusting seed suction holes according to claim 1 is characterized by: A seed filling chamber is formed between the seed disc and the front shell, a seed port and a seed inlet are provided on the front shell, a visual sensor and an information processing module are provided on the seed inlet, a negative pressure chamber is formed between the seed disc and the rear shell, an air intake and a direct drive motor are provided on the rear shell, and the direct drive motor is connected to the seed disc.

3. The single-grain and double-grain switching intelligent seed metering device with self-adjusting seed suction holes according to claim 2 is characterized by: The direct drive motor is connected to a gear, the gear is engaged with the rotating cylinder, the rotating cylinder passes through the rear shell, and an arc-shaped groove is provided on the inner surface of the rear shell.

4. The single-grain and double-grain switching intelligent seed metering device with self-adjusting seed suction holes according to claim 3 is characterized by: The information processing module includes a data acquisition unit, an image processing algorithm unit, a decision control unit and a current regulation unit. The current regulation unit is connected to the resistance wire housing and the decision control unit, the decision control unit is connected to the image processing algorithm unit, and the image processing algorithm unit is connected to the data acquisition unit.

5. A seeding method, using the single-grain and double-grain switching intelligent seeding device with self-adjusting seed suction holes as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Use a visual sensor to detect the size of seeds entering the seed inlet in real time; Step 2: The information processing module adjusts the current intensity of the resistance wire housing according to the detection results, so that the resistance wire housing heats the micro spring to deform, and the opening size of the seed suction hole is adjusted to accommodate seeds of different sizes; Step 3: By adjusting the movement position of the connecting rod, the slider slides in the chute to switch between single-seed and double-seed seeding modes; Step 4: The external fan is powered on and connected to the air inlet to extract air, forming a negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber, and adsorbing the seeds in the seed filling chamber onto the seed suction hole; Step 5: As the seed tray rotates, the seeds adsorbed on the seed suction holes fall from the seed outlet, completing the sowing process.

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