Intelligent coal gangue selecting equipment based on Internet of Things

Abstract

The invention discloses intelligent coal gangue selecting equipment based on the Internet of Things. The intelligent coal gangue selecting equipment comprises a sensing module, a control module, a sorting module, a data storage module, a feedback module and a safe exit module. The sensing module collects coal material characteristic signals, the control module processes the signals and generates sorting instructions, the sorting module executes efficient sorting, the data storage module analyzes sorting data, the feedback module outputs results through the display unit and the voice prompt unit, and the safe exit module protects equipment when the environment is abnormal. Through modular design and intelligent processing, the problems that traditional equipment is low in efficiency and insufficient in precision are solved, and the sorting efficiency and the equipment reliability are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of coal sorting and intelligent control, and in particular to intelligent coal gangue sorting equipment based on the Internet of Things. Background Art

[0002] To improve coal sorting efficiency and reduce labor costs, the coal industry is gradually introducing intelligent equipment for gangue sorting. However, in practice, traditional gangue sorting equipment often relies on manual operation or simple mechanization, resulting in low efficiency and insufficient precision. Furthermore, equipment operating status monitoring and data management are often performed independently, lacking real-time and interoperability, which can lead to equipment failures not being detected and addressed in a timely manner. To address this issue, we propose an IoT-based intelligent coal gangue sorting device to optimize the sorting process and improve overall operational efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the invention is to provide an intelligent coal gangue sorting device based on the Internet of Things, which solves the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0004] The present invention is implemented as follows: an intelligent coal gangue sorting device based on the Internet of Things includes a perception module, a control module, a sorting module, a data storage module, a feedback module and a safe exit module; the perception module, the sorting module, the control module, the data storage module and the feedback module are connected by signals, the perception module sends a detection signal to the control module for processing, the control module transmits the processed signal to the data storage module for analysis, and the data storage module transmits the analysis result to the feedback module; the control module transmits the processed signal to the safe exit module.

[0005] Furthermore, an intelligent coal gangue sorting device based on the Internet of Things also includes: a simulated load unit, which sends a load signal to the sorting module, and the sorting module sends a sorting status signal to the control module for processing.

[0006] Furthermore, the sorting module includes a first sorting unit, a second sorting unit, a third sorting unit and a fourth sorting unit, and the first sorting unit, the second sorting unit, the third sorting unit and the fourth sorting unit respectively send a first sorting signal, a second sorting signal, a third sorting signal and a fourth sorting signal to the control module for processing.

[0007] Furthermore, the perception module includes a first sensing unit and a second sensing unit, and the first sensing unit and the second sensing unit respectively send a first sensing signal and a second sensing signal to the control module for processing.

[0008] Furthermore, the control module processes signals in the following order: perception module, sorting module, data storage module and feedback module.

[0009] Furthermore, the perception module sends the environmental signal to the control module for processing, and the control module transmits the processed environmental signal to the safe exit module, and the safe exit module is set with an environmental threshold.

[0010] Furthermore, the feedback module includes a display unit and a voice prompt unit. The display unit adopts a liquid crystal display screen. The display unit and the voice prompt unit receive the analysis results transmitted by the data storage module.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides an intelligent coal gangue sorting device based on the Internet of Things, which realizes accurate identification and efficient sorting of gangue in the coal sorting process through a sensing module, a sorting module, a control module, a data storage module and a feedback module. The first sensing unit and the second sensing unit in the sensing module respectively collect physical property signals of the coal material, such as density, hardness, etc., and transmit the collected signals to the control module for processing. The control module generates a sorting instruction based on the received signal and a preset algorithm, and sends it to the sorting module to perform the sorting operation. The first sorting unit, the second sorting unit, the third sorting unit and the fourth sorting unit in the sorting module respectively sort gangue of different particle sizes or characteristics to ensure the efficiency and accuracy of the sorting process.

[0012] The data storage module receives the sorting data transmitted by the control module, and conducts an in-depth analysis of the data to generate information such as sorting efficiency and equipment operating status. This information is transmitted to the feedback module, which presents the sorting results in a visual manner through the display unit, and at the same time broadcasts key information such as sorting efficiency, equipment operating status, and changes in environmental parameters through the voice prompt unit. The perception module also monitors the equipment operating environment, such as temperature and humidity, in real time, and transmits the environmental signal to the control module for processing. After processing the environmental signal, the control module sends the result to the safe exit module. The safe exit module is set with an environmental threshold. When the environmental parameters exceed the preset range, the safe exit module triggers the protection mechanism and stops the equipment from running to avoid equipment damage or a decrease in sorting accuracy due to environmental abnormalities.

[0013] In addition, the simulated load unit is used to simulate the load changes in the actual sorting process and send the load signal to the sorting module. The sorting module adjusts the sorting strategy according to the received load signal, thereby improving the adaptability and stability of the sorting process. The first sensing unit and the second sensing unit in the perception module are respectively installed at the feed port and the discharge port of the equipment. The first sensing unit uses an infrared sensor to detect the volume and shape characteristics of the material, and the second sensing unit uses a pressure sensor to detect the weight and density characteristics of the material. The first sorting unit, the second sorting unit, the third sorting unit and the fourth sorting unit in the sorting module are respectively fixed to the main frame of the equipment by bolts, and the sorting units are linked by flexible connectors to ensure the coordination of the sorting action.

[0014] The core component of the control module adopts a high-performance embedded processor, which integrates a multi-channel signal input interface and a high-speed data processing unit. It can simultaneously receive and process multiple signals from the perception module and the sorting module. The data storage module adopts a distributed storage architecture, which contains multiple independent storage units. Each storage unit is responsible for storing specific types of data, such as sorting efficiency data, equipment operation status data and environmental parameter data. The display unit in the feedback module adopts a high-resolution LCD screen with an anti-glare coating on the surface, which can clearly display the sorting results in strong light environments. The voice prompt unit uses a directional speaker with an adjustable sound propagation direction to ensure that the operator can accurately receive voice information.

[0015] The safety exit module is equipped with an environmental threshold adjustment knob, and the operator can manually adjust the environmental threshold according to actual needs to adapt to different working environments. The simulation load unit is connected to the sorting module through an elastic connector, which contains multiple adjustable load blocks. By changing the number or position of the load blocks, different load conditions can be simulated. The first sensor unit and the second sensor unit in the perception module are respectively fixed to the designated positions of the equipment by a snap-fit structure, which is convenient for disassembly and maintenance. The first sorting unit, the second sorting unit, the third sorting unit and the fourth sorting unit in the sorting module all adopt a modular design, and the sorting units are connected by standardized interfaces to facilitate replacement and upgrading.

[0016] The present invention effectively solves the problems of low efficiency, insufficient precision and lack of real-time monitoring of equipment operation status of traditional gangue sorting equipment through the above technical means, realizes the intelligence and efficiency of the coal sorting process, and significantly improves the sorting efficiency and equipment operation reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the intelligent coal gangue separation equipment based on the Internet of Things of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2Detailed structural diagram of the sorting module in the present invention.

[0019] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1. Perception module; 2. Control module; 3. Sorting module; 4. Data storage module; 5. Feedback module; 6. Safety exit module; 7. Simulated load unit; 8. First sorting unit; 9. Second sorting unit; 10. Third sorting unit; 11. Fourth sorting unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention provides an intelligent coal gangue separation device based on the Internet of Things, the overall structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a sensing module 1, a control module 2, a sorting module 3, a data storage module 4, a feedback module 5, a safety exit module 6, and a simulated load unit 7. These modules and units are connected via signals to form a complete system for accurately identifying and efficiently sorting gangue during the coal sorting process. The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] The perception module 1 is the starting point for signal collection of the entire device, which includes a first sensing unit and a second sensing unit. The first sensing unit is installed at the feed port of the equipment and uses an infrared sensor to detect the volume and shape characteristics of the material; the second sensing unit is installed at the discharge port and uses a pressure sensor to detect the weight and density characteristics of the material. The first sensing unit and the second sensing unit are respectively fixed to the designated positions of the equipment by a snap-on structure, which is convenient for disassembly and maintenance. The perception module 1 transmits the collected first sensor signal and the second sensor signal to the control module 2 for processing. In addition, the perception module 1 also monitors the operating environment of the equipment, such as temperature and humidity, in real time, and sends the environmental signal to the control module 2. After processing the received environmental signal, the control module 2 transmits it to the safe exit module 6 to determine whether the protection mechanism needs to be triggered.

[0022] The control module 2 is the core processing unit of the entire device. Its core components use high-performance embedded processors, and it integrates a multi-channel signal input interface and a high-speed data processing unit. The control module 2 can simultaneously receive and process multiple signals from the perception module 1 and the sorting module 3. After analyzing the received signals, the control module 2 generates sorting instructions and sends the sorting instructions to the sorting module 3 to perform the sorting operation. The control module 2 is also responsible for transmitting the processed signals to the data storage module 4 for further analysis, and transmitting the analysis results to the feedback module 5. In addition, the control module 2 transmits the environmental signal processing results to the safe exit module 6. If the environmental parameters exceed the preset range, the safe exit module 6 will trigger the protection mechanism and stop the equipment operation.

[0023] The sorting module 3 is the actual execution unit of the device, which includes a first sorting unit 8, a second sorting unit 9, a third sorting unit 10 and a fourth sorting unit 11. Figure 2 As shown, the first sorting unit 8, the second sorting unit 9, the third sorting unit 10 and the fourth sorting unit 11 are respectively fixed to the main frame of the equipment by bolts, and the sorting units are linked by flexible connectors to ensure the coordination of the sorting action. The first sorting unit 8 sorts the gangue with larger particle size, the second sorting unit 9 sorts the gangue with medium particle size, the third sorting unit 10 sorts the gangue with smaller particle size, and the fourth sorting unit 11 sorts the gangue with special characteristics (such as high hardness or high density). Each sorting unit adopts a modular design, and the sorting units are connected by standardized interfaces for easy replacement and upgrading. The sorting module 3 performs the sorting operation according to the sorting instruction sent by the control module 2, and sends the first sorting signal, the second sorting signal, the third sorting signal and the fourth sorting signal to the control module 2 for processing.

[0024] The data storage module 4 utilizes a distributed storage architecture, containing multiple independent storage units, each responsible for storing a specific type of data. For example, one unit stores sorting efficiency data, another stores equipment operating status data, and yet another stores environmental parameter data. The data storage module 4 receives the sorting data transmitted by the control module 2 and conducts in-depth analysis to generate information such as sorting efficiency and equipment operating status. This information is then transmitted to the feedback module 5, which is used to visualize the sorting results and broadcast key information.

[0025] Feedback module 5 includes a display unit and a voice prompt unit. The display unit utilizes a high-resolution LCD screen with an anti-glare coating, enabling clear display of sorting results even in bright lighting conditions. The voice prompt unit utilizes a directional speaker with adjustable sound propagation direction, ensuring accurate reception of voice information by the operator. The feedback module 5 receives analysis results transmitted by the data storage module 4 and presents changes in sorting efficiency, equipment operating status, and environmental parameters visually and verbally via the display unit and voice prompt unit, respectively.

[0026] The safety exit module 6 is equipped with an environmental threshold adjustment knob, allowing the operator to manually adjust the environmental threshold according to actual needs to adapt to different working environments. The safety exit module 6 receives the environmental signal processing results transmitted by the control module 2 and determines whether to trigger the protection mechanism based on the preset environmental threshold. If the environmental parameters exceed the preset range, the safety exit module 6 triggers the protection mechanism and stops the equipment to prevent damage to the equipment or loss of sorting accuracy due to environmental anomalies.

[0027] The simulated load unit 7 is connected to the sorting module 3 via elastic connectors and contains multiple adjustable load blocks. By varying the number and position of the load blocks, the simulated load unit 7 can simulate different load conditions and transmit load signals to the sorting module 3. The sorting module 3 adjusts its sorting strategy based on the received load signals, thereby improving the adaptability and stability of the sorting process.

[0028] In practical application, the device operates as follows: First, the first and second sensing units in the perception module 1 respectively collect signals of the physical characteristics of the coal material, such as volume, shape, weight, and density, and transmit these signals to the control module 2. The control module 2 analyzes the received signals, generates sorting instructions, and sends these sorting instructions to the sorting module 3 to execute the sorting operation. The first, second, third, and fourth sorting units 8, 9, 10, and 11 in the sorting module 3 respectively sort gangue of different particle sizes or characteristics and transmit sorting status signals to the control module 2. The control module 2 transmits the sorting status signals to the data storage module 4 for analysis, generating information such as sorting efficiency and equipment operating status. The data storage module 4 transmits the analysis results to the feedback module 5, which presents the sorting results visually and verbally via the display unit and voice prompt unit, respectively. Simultaneously, the perception module 1 monitors the equipment's operating environment in real time and transmits environmental signals to the control module 2. The control module 2 processes the environmental signals and transmits the results to the safe exit module 6. If environmental parameters exceed a preset range, the safety exit module 6 triggers a protection mechanism, halting equipment operation. Furthermore, the simulated load unit 7 simulates the load changes during the actual sorting process and sends a load signal to the sorting module 3. The sorting module 3 adjusts the sorting strategy based on the load signal, thereby improving the adaptability and stability of the sorting process.

[0029] As can be seen from the above-described specific embodiments, the present invention achieves intelligent and efficient coal sorting through the coordinated operation of the sensing module 1, control module 2, sorting module 3, data storage module 4, feedback module 5, safe exit module 6, and simulated load unit 7. The connections, positions, and coordination between each module and unit have been carefully designed to ensure reliable operation and accurate sorting.

[0030] In order to better enable relevant personnel in this technical field to fully understand and implement the present invention, the implementation principle of the present invention is supplemented below with reference to a specific application scenario.

[0031] First, when the coal material enters the equipment's feed port, the first sensing unit in sensing module 1 uses an infrared sensor to detect the material's volume and shape characteristics. The infrared sensor emits an infrared beam and receives the reflected signal, calculating the material's contour based on the reflection time difference. This information is converted into an electrical signal and transmitted to control module 2. Simultaneously, the second sensing unit in sensing module 1 uses a pressure sensor to detect the material's weight and density characteristics. The pressure sensor measures the change in pressure exerted by the material and, based on the known contact area, calculates the material's density parameter. This data is then transmitted to control module 2 in the form of an electrical signal. The high-performance embedded processor in control module 2 processes the multiple signals received in real time and generates sorting instructions using a built-in algorithm. This algorithm, based on a preset gangue identification model and the material's volume, shape, weight, and density characteristics, determines whether the material is the target gangue and, accordingly, generates sorting instructions for different particle sizes or characteristics.

[0032] Then, the control module 2 sends the generated sorting instruction to the sorting module 3 to perform the sorting operation. Figure 2 As shown, the first sorting unit 8, second sorting unit 9, third sorting unit 10, and fourth sorting unit 11 in the sorting module 3 are respectively used to sort waste rock of different particle sizes or characteristics. The first sorting unit 8 screens waste rock of larger particle sizes through mechanical vibration screening, and its vibration frequency is dynamically adjusted by the control module 2 to meet the fluidity requirements of different materials. The second sorting unit 9 and the third sorting unit 10 respectively use airflow sorting and magnetic sorting technologies to accurately separate medium-sized and small-sized waste rock. The fourth sorting unit 11 is specifically designed to process waste rock with special characteristics, such as high-hardness or high-density materials. It is equipped with high-strength wear-resistant materials and an adjustable pressure device to ensure the stability of the sorting process. The sorting units are linked by flexible connectors to ensure coordinated operation. After sorting is completed, the sorting module 3 sends the first sorting signal, the second sorting signal, the third sorting signal, and the fourth sorting signal to the control module 2 for further processing.

[0033] During the sorting process, the simulated load unit 7 maintains signal interaction with the sorting module 3 through elastic connectors. The multiple adjustable load blocks inside the simulated load unit 7 can adjust their position or number according to the actual working conditions, thereby simulating different load conditions. For example, when processing high-humidity coal materials, the simulated load value can be increased by increasing the number of load blocks, thereby triggering the sorting module 3 to adjust the sorting strategy, such as reducing the vibration frequency or increasing the airflow intensity, to avoid a decrease in sorting efficiency due to material adhesion. This dynamic adjustment mechanism significantly improves the equipment's adaptability to complex working conditions.

[0034] At the same time, the sensing module 1 also monitors the equipment operating environment, such as temperature and humidity parameters, in real time. When the ambient temperature exceeds a preset threshold, the sensing module 1 transmits the environmental signal to the control module 2. The control module 2 analyzes the received environmental signal and sends the result to the safe exit module 6. The safe exit module 6 uses the built-in environmental threshold adjustment knob to determine whether the current environment exceeds the allowable range. If the environmental parameters exceed the preset range, for example, if the temperature is too high and may cause the equipment to overheat, the safe exit module 6 will trigger the protection mechanism, stop the equipment operation, and issue an alarm signal, thereby effectively preventing damage to the equipment or a decrease in sorting accuracy due to environmental anomalies.

[0035] In addition, the data storage module 4 receives the sorting data transmitted by the control module 2 and performs an in-depth analysis on it. The design of the distributed storage architecture enables each independent storage unit to efficiently store specific types of data. For example, one storage unit records sorting efficiency data, another storage unit records equipment operating status data, and another storage unit records environmental parameter data. Through comprehensive analysis of these data, the data storage module 4 generates key information such as sorting efficiency curves and equipment operating status reports, and transmits the analysis results to the feedback module 5. The display unit in the feedback module 5 uses a high-resolution LCD screen, which can clearly present the changes in sorting efficiency, equipment operating status and environmental parameters. The voice prompt unit broadcasts key information through a directional speaker, such as "sorting efficiency reaches 95%" or "ambient temperature is close to the upper limit", to ensure that operators can grasp the equipment operating status in a timely manner.

[0036] As can be seen from the above steps, the present invention achieves intelligent and efficient coal sorting through the coordinated operation of the sensing module 1, control module 2, sorting module 3, data storage module 4, feedback module 5, safe exit module 6, and simulated load unit 7. The connection, positional relationship, and coordination between each module and unit have been carefully designed to ensure reliable equipment operation and accurate sorting. The specific functional implementation principles of each module are also fully explained, enabling those skilled in the art to successfully implement the technical solutions of the present invention based on the contents of this specification.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. The intelligent coal gangue separation equipment based on the Internet of Things is characterized by: It includes a perception module (1), a control module (2), a sorting module (3), a data storage module (4), a feedback module (5) and a safe exit module (6); The sensing module (1), the sorting module (3), the control module (2), the data storage module (4) and the feedback module (5) are connected via signals; the sensing module (1) sends a detection signal to the control module (2) for processing; the control module (2) transmits the processed signal to the data storage module (4) for analysis; and the data storage module (4) transmits the analysis result to the feedback module (5); The control module (2) transmits the processed signal to the safe exit module (6).

2. The intelligent coal gangue separation equipment based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a simulated load unit (7), which sends a load signal to the sorting module (3), and the sorting module (3) sends a sorting state signal to the control module (2) for processing.

3. The intelligent coal gangue separation equipment based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sorting module (3) comprises a first sorting unit (8), a second sorting unit (9), a third sorting unit (10) and a fourth sorting unit (11); the first sorting unit (8), the second sorting unit (9), the third sorting unit (10) and the fourth sorting unit (11) respectively send a first sorting signal, a second sorting signal, a third sorting signal and a fourth sorting signal to the control module (2) for processing.

4. The intelligent coal gangue separation equipment based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The perception module (1) comprises a first sensing unit and a second sensing unit, wherein the first sensing unit and the second sensing unit respectively send a first sensing signal and a second sensing signal to the control module (2) for processing.

5. The intelligent coal gangue separation equipment based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The control module (2) processes signals in the following order: perception module (1), sorting module (3), data storage module (4) and feedback module (5).

6. The intelligent coal gangue separation equipment based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The perception module (1) sends an environmental signal to the control module (2) for processing, and the control module (2) transmits the processed environmental signal to the safety exit module (6), and the safety exit module (6) is provided with an environmental threshold adjustment knob.

7. The intelligent coal gangue separation equipment based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The feedback module (5) comprises a display unit and a voice prompt unit. The display unit adopts a liquid crystal display screen. The display unit and the voice prompt unit receive the analysis results transmitted by the data storage module (4).

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