Device and method for co-processing incineration fly ash through household garbage incineration

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for co-processing incineration fly ash through household garbage incineration, the device comprises an incinerator, a fly ash collecting device, a fly ash forming device and a fly ash remelting device, the fly ash collecting device, the fly ash forming device and the fly ash remelting device are arranged in cooperation with the incinerator, fly ash is collected through the fly ash collecting device matched with the incinerator, an adhesive is released through a fly ash collecting piece, and the fly ash forming device and the fly ash remelting device are combined. Fly ash is conveniently bonded and collected through an adhesive, then the collected fly ash is subjected to harmless treatment through a harmless treatment device, the fly ash subjected to harmless treatment is compressed into bulk fly ash through a fly ash forming device, and the bulk fly ash is conveyed into an incinerator through a guide pipe to be subjected to secondary co-firing. The sintering material is obtained after cooling, pollution is greatly reduced under the action of the adhesive and secondary co-firing of the fly ash, the structure is more compact through the fly ash collecting device, the fly ash forming device and the remelting pipeline, and manual operation is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of waste incineration, and in particular to a device and method for co-disposing of fly ash from the incineration of domestic waste. Background Art

[0002] Fly ash from municipal solid waste incineration refers to the fine solid particles in the flue gas ash produced by waste incineration. It is classified as hazardous waste due to its high content of heavy metals and dioxins. Existing fly ash treatment and disposal processes include cement kiln co-treatment, expanded clay pellet production, and unfired brick production, which have the problem of high costs. The main components of the bottom ash after municipal solid waste incineration are oxides such as silicon dioxide (SiO2), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), iron oxide (Fe2O3), calcium oxide (CaO), magnesium oxide (MgO), and sodium oxide (Na2O), which can be used as building materials. The main components of fly ash are similar to those of incineration bottom ash. Mixing and sintering fly ash that meets general solid waste requirements after pretreatment with incineration bottom ash can achieve resource utilization of fly ash without consuming additional heat energy and ensure that the properties of the slag do not change. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the shortcomings of the prior art in which fly ash and incineration bottom ash are mixed and sintered, resulting in complicated operation and high cost, and provides a device and method for the coordinated disposal of incineration fly ash from the incineration of domestic waste.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is solved by the following technical solutions: a device and method for the coordinated disposal of fly ash from the incineration of domestic waste, comprising an incinerator and a fly ash harmless treatment device, and also comprising a fly ash collection device, a fly ash forming device and a fly ash return device arranged in conjunction with the incinerator. The fly ash collection device includes a plurality of fly ash collection pieces and an ash pushing piece matched with the fly ash collection pieces, the fly ash collection piece is provided with a volume cavity, the volume cavity stores an adhesive for absorbing fly ash, the fly ash collection piece is provided with a plurality of penetration holes connected with the volume cavity, the volume cavity is provided with a piston that seals with the inner wall of the volume cavity and a transfer assembly that drives the piston to move along the volume cavity, the ash pushing piece and the piston are both provided with magnetic pieces that can be magnetically attracted to each other, and when the transfer assembly is used to drive the piston to move, the ash pushing piece and the piston are moved synchronously. The fly ash forming device includes a fly ash conveying member and a quantitative control component for controlling the size of the fly ash agglomerates. The fly ash conveying member is provided with an ash inlet and a discharge port. The ash pushing member moves to drive the fly ash on the fly ash collecting member into the ash inlet. The quantitative control component is provided at the discharge port. The quantitative control component drives the fly ash discharged from the discharge port to form agglomerates of uniform size. The fly ash recycling device includes a conveying pipe for conveying agglomerated fly ash. An initial combustion stage position is provided in the incinerator. Both ends of the conveying pipe are respectively arranged relative to the discharge port and the initial combustion stage position in the incinerator.

[0005] By adopting the above technical solution: fly ash generated during the incineration process is collected through a fly ash collection device coordinated with the incinerator. The collection method adopts an adsorption method for collection. By designing a fly ash collection piece, the adhesive is released through the fly ash collection piece. The adhesive facilitates the adhesion and collection of the fly ash, and then the fly ash is harmlessly treated by a harmless treatment device. After the fly ash is harmlessly treated, it is made into agglomerated fly ash through a fly ash forming device, and then the agglomerated fly ash is transported through a guide pipe and transported to the incinerator for secondary co-firing. After cooling, a sintered material is obtained. Under the action of the adhesive and the secondary co-firing, the pollution of the fly ash is greatly reduced.

[0006] The present invention is further configured as follows: the quantitative control component includes a cutting knife and a transfer driver that drives the cutting knife to move; the discharge port is provided with an extrusion plate, the extrusion plate is provided with a plurality of extrusion holes, and the cutting knife is controlled by the transfer driver to form fly ash clumps of the same size extruded from the extrusion holes.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the fly ash discharged from the discharge port is cut by a cutting knife into fly ash shapes of appropriate sizes. The same length of fly ash is not only convenient for transportation through the guide pipe, but also facilitates full combustion.

[0008] The present invention is further configured as follows: the quantitative control component includes a spherical mold, the spherical mold includes a fixed mold part, a movable mold part and a mold closing and transferring load, the mold closing and transferring load is used to drive the fixed mold part and the movable mold part to be close together or away from each other, the fixed mold part and the movable mold part are symmetrically provided with hemispherical grooves, when the fixed mold part and the movable mold part are close together, the two hemispherical grooves are spherically arranged, and the fixed mold part is provided with a feed hole opposite to the discharge port.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution: the fixed mold and the movable mold are combined into a spherical shape during the mold closing and shifting action, the squeezed fly ash is discharged through the discharge port and enters the spherical groove through the feed hole, driving the agglomerated fly ash to be squeezed into a regular spherical shape, and when the translation drive separates the fixed mold and the movable mold, the spherical fly ash is separated from the spherical mold and enters the guide tube.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that the agglomerated fly ash is in a spherical shape with a diameter of 1-5 mm.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution: by adopting a spherical fly ash structure, the fly ash is easily transported in the guide pipe. The present invention is further configured as follows: the feed pipe includes a drying section opposite to the discharge port and a guide section connected to the incinerator; the drying section is provided with a heat-conducting extension plate for conducting heat, and one end of the heat-conducting extension plate extends to the incinerator.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution: the agglomerated fly ash in the conveying pipe is dried by utilizing the temperature generated by the incinerator through the heat-conducting extension plate, and then transmitted to the incinerator through the guide section.

[0013] The present invention is further configured as follows: the incinerator is also equipped with a flue gas treatment device, the flue gas treatment device includes a smoke pipe and a fan arranged in the smoke pipe, and several rows of fly ash collection devices are arranged on the side of the fan facing the incinerator, each row of the fly ash collection devices is evenly spaced with several fly ash collection pieces, the fly ash collection pieces and the intervals between the adjacent fly ash collection pieces are relatively arranged, and several of the penetration holes are evenly spaced along the same axis of the fly ash collection pieces, and the axis of the penetration holes is on the side away from the ground.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the fly ash collecting piece is set on the fan side of the flue gas treatment device, and fly ash can be adhered to the fly ash collecting piece. The fly ash collecting piece and the volume cavity coaxially arranged therewith are both arranged in a cylindrical cavity. The advantage of this design is that it is easy to process and easy to move the ash pushing piece. The penetration hole is located on the side axially away from the ground. When the volume cavity is not filled with liquid or the piston is moving, the adhesive cannot be discharged from the penetration hole.

[0015] The present invention is further configured such that: a reducing agent and / or a neutralizing agent is mixed into the adhesive.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, an appropriate amount of reducing agent or neutralizing agent can be added to the adhesive according to experimental data, thereby eliminating or neutralizing toxic and harmful substances in the fly ash, thereby further reducing the toxic and harmful substances.

[0017] A method for co-disposal of fly ash from incineration of domestic waste is provided, which comprises providing a fly ash collection device, a fly ash forming device and a fly ash recycling device, and comprising the following steps: S1: collecting fly ash generated by the incinerator (1) through a fly ash collecting device (3); S2: The collected fly ash is subjected to harmless treatment through a fly ash harmless treatment device; S3: The fly ash that has been harmlessly treated is formed into agglomerated fly ash by a fly ash forming device (4); S4: mixing and sintering the agglomerated fly ash with the materials in the initial stage of burning in the incinerator (1) through the fly ash recycling device (5); S5: Cooling the material to obtain sintered material.

[0018] The present invention is further configured such that: in S4, the mass ratio of the agglomerated fly ash to the material in the initial stage of combustion in the incinerator is 1:10 to 1:30.

[0019] The present invention is further configured such that the fly ash recycling device mixes the agglomerated fly ash with the material in the initial burning stage in the incinerator and sintering the mixture at a temperature of 800-1200° C. for a sintering time of 60 min-120 min.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution: by adopting the temperature and the sintering time, the ignition reduction rate of the finally obtained sintered body is 3.17%, which is less than the thermal ignition reduction rate of the incineration furnace slag of "GB18485-2014 Municipal Waste Incineration Pollution Control Standard" is less than or equal to 5%, and the leaching toxicity of copper is 1.12 mg / L, zinc is 7.86 mg / L, cadmium is 0.021 mg / L, lead is 0.07 mg / L, total chromium is 0.082 mg / L, hexavalent chromium is 0.027 mg / L, mercury is not detected, beryllium is not detected, barium is not detected, nickel is 0.72 mg / L, total silver is not detected, and arsenic is 0.004 mg / L, which are all less than the detection limit of "GB5085.3-2007 Hazardous Waste Identification Standard Leaching Toxicity Identification". BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a device for the coordinated disposal of fly ash from the incineration of domestic waste; Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the fly ash forming device in Example 1; Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a single fly ash collection component in Example 1; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A in the middle is an enlarged schematic diagram; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the compression assembly structure in Example 1; Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the fly ash forming device in Example 1; Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the fly ash molding device in Example 2; Figure 8 1. It is a schematic diagram of the fly ash collection hopper structure; Figure 9 It is a flow chart of the method for co-disposal of fly ash from the incineration of domestic waste.

[0022] The parts designated by the numbers in the above drawings are as follows: 1. incinerator; 2. flue gas treatment device; 21. flue pipe; 22. fan; 3. fly ash collection device; 31. fly ash collection member; 311. volume chamber; 312. penetration hole; 313. piston; 314. transfer assembly; 315. guide bar; 316. guide groove; 32. ash pusher; 321. ash shoveling section; 322. ash blocking section; 323. moving section; 324. magnetic member; 33. fly ash collection hopper; 331. collection chamber; 332 , collecting plate; 333, ash outlet; 4, fly ash forming device; 41, fly ash conveying part; 411, ash inlet; 412, discharge port; 413, extrusion chamber; 42, compression assembly; 421, compression screw one; 422, compression screw two; 423, rotating motor; 43, quantitative control assembly; 431, cutting knife; 432, extrusion plate; 433, extrusion hole; 434, fixed mold; 435, movable mold; 436, mold closing and transferring; 5, fly ash returning device; 51, drying section; 52, guide section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Example 1: A device and method for co-processing fly ash from incineration of domestic waste, combined with Figure 1 , including an incinerator 1, a flue gas treatment device 2 connected to the incinerator 1, a fly ash collection device 3, a fly ash harmless treatment device, a fly ash molding device 4 and a fly ash return device 5.

[0025] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The flue gas treatment device 2 includes a smoke pipe 21, a fan 22 arranged in the smoke pipe 21, and a filter device arranged in the smoke pipe 21 for treating the gas. The fly ash collection device 3 is arranged on the side of the fan 22 facing the incinerator 1, so that when the fan 22 forms wind pressure, it is convenient for the fly ash collection device 3 to intercept and collect fly ash.

[0026] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 The fly ash collection device 3 includes a fly ash collection piece 31 and an ash pushing piece 32. A plurality of fly ash collection pieces 31 are provided and are all arranged in parallel and parallel to the ground. In this embodiment, multiple rows of fly ash collection devices 3 are provided. Each row of fly ash collection devices 3 includes a plurality of fly ash collection pieces 31. The plurality of fly ash collection pieces 31 in the same row are arranged evenly spaced apart, and the fly ash collection pieces 31 are arranged relative to the intervals between the fly ash collection pieces 31 in the adjacent rows.

[0027] See also Figure 3In this embodiment, the fly ash collecting member 31 is a cylindrical structure, and a volume cavity 311 is provided in the fly ash collecting member 31. The volume cavity 311 is cylindrical and coaxial with the fly ash collecting member 31. The fly ash collecting member 31 is evenly spaced along the same axial direction and provided with a plurality of penetration holes 312. The penetration holes 312 are connected to the volume cavity 311. The same axis formed by the plurality of penetration holes 312 is located on the axis of the fly ash collecting member 31 away from the ground. The volume cavity 311 is filled with an adhesive for sticking fly ash. A piston 313 and a transfer assembly 314 for driving the piston 313 to move along the length direction of the volume cavity 311 are provided in the volume cavity 311. In this embodiment, the transfer assembly 314 includes a transmission screw and a stepping motor for driving the transmission screw to rotate. A guide strip 315 is protruded from the inner wall of the volume cavity 311 along the length direction. Figure 4 The piston 313 is provided with a guide groove 316 that cooperates with the guide bar 315. The piston 313 is cylindrical and has a thread that cooperates with the transmission screw along the central axis. When the transmission screw is controlled to rotate by the stepping motor, the transmission screw drives the piston 313 to move linearly along the guide bar 315, thereby driving the adhesive in the volume cavity 311 to be squeezed by the piston 313, and the adhesive is discharged from the penetration hole 312 and penetrates toward the ground under the action of gravity, thereby driving the adhesive to cover the axial surface of the fly ash collection device 3, thereby facilitating the fly ash to be bonded by the adhesive. Since the several fly ash collection members 31 of each row of fly ash collection devices 3 in this embodiment are arranged at even intervals, and each row of fly ash collection members 31 is located on the same straight line perpendicular to the ground, the adhesive discharged from the uppermost fly ash collection member 31 can drip on the surface of the fly ash collection member 31 below, thereby avoiding waste.

[0028] The piston 313 divides the volume chamber 311 into a liquid chamber storing adhesive and an empty chamber. When the adhesive needs to be discharged, the piston 313 moves to drive the volume of the liquid chamber to decrease and the volume of the empty chamber to increase, so that the adhesive is discharged from the liquid chamber. The piston 313 is threadedly connected to a pipe interface, which is used to fill liquid into one side of the liquid chamber. A replenishing pipe that can be connected to the pipe interface is provided in the fly ash collection piece 31, and the replenishing pipe is connected to a storage box for storing adhesive. The piston 313 is controlled to move back and forth by the transfer component 314. After the transfer component 314 squeezes the adhesive out of the liquid chamber through the piston 313, the liquid chamber can be filled with liquid or extracted through the replenishing pipe connected to the storage box. In order to cope with the movement of the piston, part of the replenishing pipe adopts a telescopic tube structure. The liquid chamber of the fly ash collection piece at the bottom does not need to be replenished. The adhesive is replenished on the surface of the fly ash collection piece below by using adhesive dripping from the top, further avoiding waste of adhesive.

[0029] The adhesive is doped with a reducing agent or / and a neutralizing agent for neutralizing or eliminating toxic and harmful substances in the garbage, so as to facilitate a certain degree of elimination and reduction of harmful substances in the fly ash during the agglomeration process. The reducing agent can be sulfite substances, hydrogen sulfide, chlorine absorbent, etc., and the neutralizing agent can be used to neutralize the acid and alkali of the fly ash.

[0030] See also Figure 4 The ash pushing member 32 is annularly sleeved on the fly ash collecting member 31. The ash pushing member 32 includes an ash scraping section 321, an ash blocking section 322 and a moving section 323 in sequence. The ash scraping section 321 is provided with an inclined slope surface and the end of the slope surface with a large diameter is transitionally arranged toward the ash blocking section 322. The diameter of the ash blocking section 322 is larger than the maximum diameter of the ash scraping section 321. The inner ring of the moving section 323 and the outer ring of the piston 313 are both clamped and connected with a magnetic member 324. The magnetic member 324 at the moving end and The magnetic parts 324 of the piston 313 are arranged to attract each other. In this embodiment, the magnetic parts 324 are all strong magnets, and the fly ash collecting part 31 is an injection molded part. When the piston 313 moves along the fly ash collecting part 31 under the action of the transfer assembly 314, the ash pushing part 32 also moves synchronously with the piston 313. When the ash pushing part 32 moves, the ash shoveling section 321 scrapes the adhesive on the fly ash collecting part 31 together with the fly ash stuck to the adhesive to one end of the fly ash collecting part 31.

[0031] The fly ash harmless treatment device is arranged between the fly ash forming device 4 and the fly ash collecting device 3, see Figure 8 A fly ash collecting hopper 33 is provided in the fly ash collecting device. The fly ash collecting hopper 33 includes a collection chamber 331 with an open mouth and a plate-shaped collection plate 332. One end of the fly ash collecting piece 31 is inserted into the opening of the collection chamber 331. The collection plate 332 is arranged on the side of all fly ash collecting pieces 31 facing the ground. The fly ash collecting hopper 33 is provided with an ash outlet 333. The ash outlet is arranged at the lower end of the collection chamber 331, and the collection plate 332 is arranged on a slope and the lowest point of the slope is connected to the ash outlet 333. The ash outlet 333 is connected to the fly ash harmless treatment device.

[0032] The fly ash harmless treatment device adopts the existing fly ash harmless treatment equipment with fly ash washing and pyrolysis functions. The fly ash harmless treatment device first washes the fly ash with water, and then pyrolyzes the fly ash at a low temperature after drying. The conditions are heating the fly ash at 350℃~600℃ in an oxygen-free or anoxic environment for 30~90 minutes. The fly ash is prepared into a leachate according to the "HJ 557 Solid Waste Leaching Toxicity Leaching Method Horizontal Oscillation Method". The heavy metal leaching concentrations are all less than the detection limit of the "GB 8978-1996 Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard", including total mercury 0.05mg / L, total cadmium 0.1mg / L, total chromium 1.5mg / L, hexavalent chromium 0.5mg / L, total arsenic 0.5mg / L, total lead 1mg / L, total nickel 1mg / L, total silver 0.5mg / L, total copper 0.5mg / L, total zinc 2mg / L, and total manganese 2mg / L. The total dioxin residue in the fly ash is less than 50 ng-TEQ / kg (calculated on the dry weight of fly ash) meets the standards of "HJ 1134-2020 Technical Specifications for Pollution Control of Fly Ash from Incineration of Municipal Waste (Trial)", and the soluble chlorine content of fly ash is 1%~2%, which meets the standards of "HJ 1134-2020 Technical Specifications for Pollution Control of Fly Ash from Incineration of Municipal Waste (Trial)".

[0033] See also Figure 2 The fly ash after passing through the fly ash harmless treatment device enters the fly ash forming device. The fly ash forming device 4 includes a fly ash conveying member 41, a compression component 42 arranged in the fly ash conveying member 41 and a quantitative control component 43 for driving the fly ash into regular sized clumps. The fly ash conveying member 41 is a cavity structure. The fly ash conveying member 41 is provided with an ash inlet 411 opposite to the fly ash harmless treatment device and a discharge port 412 for discharging fly ash.

[0034] See also Figure 5The compression assembly 42 includes a compression screw rod 421, a compression screw rod 422 and a rotating motor 423 for driving the compression screw rod 421 to rotate. The ends of the compression screw rod 421 and the compression screw rod 422 are both keyed to a transmission gear and the two transmission gears are meshed. When the rotating motor 423 drives the compression screw rod 421 to rotate, the compression screw rod 422 is driven to rotate synchronously through the transmission gear. The compression screw rod 421 and the compression screw rod 422 both include a long axis section and a spiral section protruding from the long axis section and in the shape of a spiral blade. The spiral sections of the compression screw rod 421 and the compression screw rod 422 are meshed with each other. The long axis section of the compression screw rod 421 and the rotating motor 423 are matched through a coupling. The spiral sections of the compression screw rod 421 and the compression screw rod 422 are respectively They are respectively left-handed and right-handed, and some transmission threads are arranged opposite to the ash inlet 411. A liquid inlet pipe is also provided in the fly ash conveying member 41. The storage box for storing the adhesive enters the fly ash conveying member 41 through the liquid inlet pipe, and the fly ash inside it is bonded and evenly stirred by the compression screw 1 421 and the compression screw 2 422. An extrusion chamber 413 for extruding the fly ash is provided in the fly ash conveying member 41, and the discharge port 412 is opened in the extrusion chamber 413. After the fly ash containing the adhesive enters through the ash inlet 411, it is transmitted to the extrusion chamber 413 through the transmission threads of the compression screw 1 421 and the compression screw 2 422. When the quantitative control component 43 is discharged from the discharge port 412, the fly ash accumulates in the extrusion chamber 413, and the fly ash that continuously enters the extrusion chamber 413 forms a compressed state.

[0035] See also Figure 6 The quantitative control component 43 in this embodiment includes a cutting knife 431 and a transfer driver for driving the cutting knife 431 to move. The transfer driver in this embodiment adopts a cylinder, but is not limited to a cylinder and can also adopt a linear motor or a linear module with linear motion. The cylinder is connected to a two-position three-way reversing valve for driving the cutting knife 431 to reciprocate. When the transfer mover drives the cutting knife 431 to extend, the discharge port 412 is fixedly connected to the extrusion plate 432 by screws. The extrusion plate 432 is provided with a plurality of extrusion holes 433. The size of the extrusion hole 433 is the size required for the agglomerated fly ash. The side of the cutting knife 431 abuts against the extrusion plate 432 of the discharge port 412. When the cutting knife 431 moves, the fly ash discharged through the extrusion hole 433 is cut into separate clumps. When the side of the cutting knife 431 abuts against the extrusion hole 433, the cutting knife 431 blocks the discharge port 412, so that the fly ash continuously entering the extrusion cavity 413 can be in an extruded state in the extrusion cavity 413. When the fly ash is continuously discharged from the extrusion hole 433 on the discharge port 412, the cutting knife 431 is driven to reciprocate by the transfer driver, thereby driving the fly ash discharged from the discharge port 412 to be clumps of fly ash of the same size.

[0036] See also Figure 1 The fly ash recycling device 5 includes a feed pipe for transmitting agglomerated fly ash and a check valve provided on the feed pipe. The two ends of the feed pipe are respectively arranged opposite to the discharge port 412 and the incinerator 1. The check valve is arranged on the feed pipe at one end of the incinerator 1. When the check valve is opened, the agglomerated fly ash in the feed pipe can enter the incinerator 1. When the check valve is closed, the agglomerated fly ash can be prevented from entering the incinerator 1. The combustion fly ash or impurities in the incinerator 1 enter the feed pipe. The feed pipe includes a drying section 51 and a guide section 52 connected to the incinerator 1. A quantitative control component 43 is provided at one end of the drying section 51. The unloading place is relatively arranged. When the quantitative control component 43 cuts the fly ash discharged from the discharge port 412 to form separate agglomerated fly ash, the agglomerated fly ash falls into one end of the feed pipe. The drying section 51 is provided with a heat-conducting extension plate. One end of the heat-conducting extension plate extends into the incinerator 1. When the incinerator 1 is in a combustion state, part of the heat generated by the combustion is transmitted to the drying section 51 through the heat-conducting extension plate, and the agglomerated fly ash in the drying section 51 is dried. The feed pipe is inclined or spirally arranged downward to facilitate the agglomerated fly ash to slide or roll in the feed pipe under the action of its own gravity.

[0037] The incinerator 1 is provided with a position at the initial stage of burning, and one end of the guide section 52 of the feed pipe is provided in the incinerator 1 at the initial stage of burning relative to the position. The method for co-disposal of fly ash by incineration of domestic waste comprises the following steps: S1: collecting fly ash generated by the incinerator (1) through a fly ash collecting device (3); S2: The collected fly ash is subjected to harmless treatment through a fly ash harmless treatment device; S3: The fly ash that has been harmlessly treated is formed into agglomerated fly ash by a fly ash forming device (4); S4: mixing and sintering the agglomerated fly ash with the materials in the initial stage of burning in the incinerator (1) through the fly ash recycling device (5); S5: Cooling the material to obtain sintered material.

[0038] In this embodiment, the material in the initial stage of burning is domestic waste. The mass ratio of the fly ash added to the incinerator 1 to the mass of the material in the incinerator 1 is 1:10-1:30. The temperature when the material and fly ash are co-fired is 800-1200°C, and the sintering time is 60min-120min. After the harmless pretreatment of the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash in Experiment S2 to meet the requirements of general industrial solid waste, the dioxin content was 3.21 ng-TEQ / kg, and the heavy metal leaching concentrations were: total mercury was not detected, total cadmium was 0.23 mg / L, total chromium was 0.22 mg / L, hexavalent chromium was 0.08 mg / L, total arsenic was 0.002 mg / L, total lead was 0.24 mg / L, total nickel was 0.26 mg / L, total beryllium was not detected, total silver was not detected, total copper was 2.82 mg / L, total zinc was 33.4 mg / L, and the soluble chlorine content was 1.32%; The diameter of the pelletized fly ash in S3 is 2 cm; The mass ratio of the fly ash added to the incinerator 1 to the mass ratio of the material in the incinerator 1 is 1:15; The temperature of the material and fly ash when they are co-fired is 900℃ and the heating time is 90min. The final sintered body had a loss on ignition rate of 4.21%, which is less than the thermal loss on ignition rate of incinerator 1 slag of less than or equal to 5% in the "GB 18485-2014 Municipal Waste Incineration Pollution Control Standard". The leaching toxicity of copper was 2.47 mg / L, zinc was 33.1 mg / L, cadmium was 0.025 mg / L, lead was 0.13 mg / L, total chromium was 0.101 mg / L, hexavalent chromium was 0.033 mg / L, mercury was not detected, beryllium was not detected, barium was not detected, nickel was 0.83 mg / L, total silver was not detected, and arsenic was 0.005 mg / L, all of which were less than the detection limit of "GB 5085.3-2007 Hazardous Waste Identification Standard Leaching Toxicity Identification".

[0039] Example 2: The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment lies in the difference in the structure of the quantitative control component. Figure 7The quantitative control component 43 in this embodiment includes a fixed mold part 434, a movable mold part 435 and a mold transfer 436. In this embodiment, the mold transfer 436 adopts a linear cylinder. The mold transfer 436 is installed on the fixed mold part 434. The cylinder end of the mold transfer 436 is threadedly connected to the movable mold part 435. The mold transfer 436 is used to drive the fixed mold part 434 and the movable mold part 435 to fit together or move away from each other. The fixed mold part 434 and the movable mold part 435 are symmetrically provided with hemispherical grooves. When the mold transfer 436 drives the fixed mold part 434 and the movable mold part 435 to fit together, the hemispherical grooves form a complete spherical cavity. The spherical cavity is the same size but different from the one in the first embodiment. Regular agglomerated fly ash. In this embodiment, a spherical mold can be used to form regular spherical agglomerated fly ash, which is convenient for the spherical fly ash to move in the feed pipe. A feed hole opposite to the extrusion hole 433 is provided on the fixed mold 434. In this embodiment, both the fixed mold 434 and the movable mold 435 are provided with a number of hemispherical grooves, and the several hemispherical grooves are arranged opposite to one extrusion hole 433. Each hemispherical groove on the movable mold 435 is provided with a feed hole. When all the spherical cavities of the quantitative control component 43 are filled, the mold closing and loading 436 can drive the movable mold 435 to separate from the fixed mold 434, so that the spherical fly ash in the spherical cavity falls into the feed pipe and enters the specified position of the incinerator 1 through the feed pipe.

Claims

1. A device for co-processing fly ash from the incineration of domestic waste, comprising an incinerator (1) and a fly ash harmless treatment device, characterized in that: It also includes a fly ash collecting device (3), a fly ash forming device (4) and a fly ash returning device (5) which are arranged in conjunction with the incinerator (1). The fly ash collection device (3) comprises a plurality of fly ash collection pieces (31) and an ash pushing piece (32) matched with the fly ash collection piece (31); a volume cavity (311) is provided in the fly ash collection piece (31); an adhesive for adsorbing fly ash is stored in the volume cavity (311); the fly ash collection piece (31) is provided with a plurality of permeable holes (312) communicating with the volume cavity (311); a sealant (312) is provided in the volume cavity (311) and seals with the inner wall of the volume cavity (311); A piston (313) and a transfer assembly (314) for driving the piston (313) to move along the volume chamber (311); the ash pushing member (32) and the piston (313) are both provided with magnetic members (324) that can magnetically attract each other; when the transfer assembly (314) is used to drive the piston (313) to move, the ash pushing member (32) and the piston (313) are arranged to move synchronously; the ash pushing member (32) moves to drive the fly ash on the fly ash collecting member (31) into the fly ash harmless treatment device; The fly ash forming device (4) comprises a fly ash conveying member (41) and a quantitative control component (43) for controlling the size of agglomerated fly ash. The fly ash conveying member (41) is provided with an ash inlet (411) and a discharge port (412). The fly ash treated by the fly ash harmless treatment device enters the fly ash conveying member (41) through the ash inlet (411). The quantitative control component (43) is provided at the discharge port (412). The quantitative control component (43) drives the fly ash discharged from the discharge port (412) to be in the form of agglomerated fly ash of uniform size. The fly ash recycling device (5) comprises a conveying pipe for conveying agglomerated fly ash, a position at the initial stage of burning is provided in the incinerator (1), and two ends of the conveying pipe are respectively arranged relative to the discharge port (412) and the position at the initial stage of burning in the incinerator (1).

2. The device for co-processing fly ash from the incineration of domestic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quantitative control component (43) includes a cutting knife (431) and a transfer driver for driving the cutting knife (431) to move. The discharge port (412) is provided with an extrusion plate (432), and the extrusion plate (432) is provided with a plurality of extrusion holes (433). The cutting knife (431) is controlled by the transfer driver to extrude the fly ash from the extrusion holes (433) into agglomerated fly ash of the same size.

3. The device for co-processing fly ash from the incineration of domestic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quantitative control component (43) includes a spherical mold, which includes a fixed mold part (434), a movable mold part (435) and a mold closing and transferring device (436). The mold closing and transferring device (436) is used to drive the fixed mold part (434) and the movable mold part (435) to fit together or to be separated. The fixed mold part (434) and the movable mold part (435) are symmetrically provided with hemispherical grooves. When the fixed mold part (434) and the movable mold part (435) fit together, the two hemispherical grooves are spherically arranged. The fixed mold part (434) is provided with a feed hole opposite to the discharge port (412).

4. The device for co-processing fly ash from the incineration of domestic waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: The agglomerated fly ash is in a spherical shape with a diameter of 1-5 mm.

5. The device for co-processing fly ash from incineration of domestic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying pipe comprises a drying section (51) opposite to the discharge port (412) and a guide section connected to the incinerator (1); the drying section (51) is provided with a heat-conducting extension plate for conducting heat, and one end of the heat-conducting extension plate extends to the incinerator (1).

6. The device for co-processing fly ash from incineration of domestic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The incinerator (1) is further provided with a flue gas treatment device (2), the flue gas treatment device (2) comprising a flue pipe (21) and a fan (22) arranged in the flue pipe (21), a plurality of rows of fly ash collection devices (3) being arranged on the side of the fan (22) facing the incinerator (1), a plurality of fly ash collection pieces (31) being evenly spaced in each row of the fly ash collection devices (3), the fly ash collection pieces (31) and the intervals between adjacent fly ash collection pieces (31) being arranged relative to each other, a plurality of the penetration holes (312) being evenly spaced along the same axis of the fly ash collection piece (31), and the axis of the penetration hole (312) being arranged on the side away from the ground.

7. The device for co-processing fly ash from the incineration of domestic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reducing agent and / or a neutralizing agent is mixed into the adhesive.

8. A method for the coordinated disposal of fly ash from the incineration of domestic waste, applied to the apparatus for the coordinated disposal of fly ash from the incineration of domestic waste as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method is used to provide a fly ash collecting device (3), a fly ash forming device (4) and a fly ash recycling device (5), and comprises the following steps: S1: collecting fly ash generated by the incinerator (1) through a fly ash collecting device (3); S2: The collected fly ash is subjected to harmless treatment through a fly ash harmless treatment device; S3: The fly ash that has been harmlessly treated is formed into agglomerated fly ash by a fly ash forming device (4); S4: mixing and sintering the agglomerated fly ash with the materials in the initial stage of burning in the incinerator (1) through the fly ash recycling device (5); S5: Cooling the material to obtain sintered material.

9. The method for co-processing fly ash from incineration of domestic waste according to claim 8, characterized in that: In said S4, the mass ratio of the agglomerated fly ash to the material in the initial stage of combustion in the incinerator (1) is 1:10 to 1:

30.

10. The method for co-processing fly ash from incineration of domestic waste according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fly ash recycling device (5) mixes the agglomerated fly ash with the material in the initial burning stage in the incinerator (1) and sintering the mixture at a temperature of 800-1200° C. for a sintering time of 60 min-120 min.

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