An aerogel-based submarine cable material, and a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

This invention provides an aerogel-based submarine cable material, its preparation method, and its application. The submarine cable material, by weight, comprises the following raw materials: 10-20 parts modified aerogel, 20-25 parts high-density polyethylene, 6-10 parts styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 4-6 parts 2,7-anthraquinone ethanesulfonic acid, 5-7 parts modified polybutylene succinate, and 2-4 parts triethyl acetylcitrate. The modified aerogel is a mixture of silane-modified aerogel and mercapto-modified aerogel in a mass ratio of 1:1-3. This invention, through the compounding of various raw materials, comprehensively improves the overall performance of the cable material, giving it excellent lightweight properties, pressure resistance, low-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, flexibility, aging resistance, and chemical stability. It also exhibits good environmental adaptability, extends the service life of cables in extreme submarine environments, and has significant social application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cable material technology, and in particular to an aerogel-based submarine cable material, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Submarine cables are cables wrapped in insulating material and laid on the seabed for telecommunications transmission. Submarine cables are divided into submarine communication cables and submarine power cables. Modern submarine cables use optical fibers as the material to transmit telephone and internet signals. Compared with terrestrial cables, submarine cables have many advantages: firstly, laying them does not require digging tunnels or using supports, thus requiring less investment and allowing for faster construction; secondly, except for landing sections, the cables are mostly on the seabed, unaffected by natural environmental factors such as wind and waves or interference from human activities, making them safe, stable, highly resistant to interference, and offering good security. However, because submarine cables are laid on the seabed in a complex environment, they must withstand the long-term impact of waves, seawater corrosion, and accidental impacts from reefs, requiring the cables to possess extremely high voltage resistance, strength, and low-temperature resistance.

[0003] With the development of the times, the pressure resistance, strength and low temperature resistance of existing submarine cables have gradually become unable to meet the needs of the market. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes an aerogel-based submarine cable material, its preparation method and application.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] A submarine cable material based on aerogel, comprising the following raw materials by weight: 10-20 parts modified aerogel, 20-25 parts high-density polyethylene, 6-10 parts styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 4-6 parts 2,7-anthraquinone disulfonic acid, 5-7 parts modified polybutylene succinate, and 2-4 parts triethyl acetylic acid citrate.

[0007] The modified aerogel is a mixture of silane-modified aerogel and mercapto-modified aerogel in a mass ratio of 1:1-3.

[0008] Furthermore, the preparation method of the silane-modified aerogel includes: adding sulfuric acid dropwise to a water glass solution to adjust the pH to 2-3, adding phenyltrimethoxysilane and stirring for 2-4 hours, then adding ammonia water dropwise until a gel is formed, freeze-drying, calcining under a nitrogen atmosphere, and cooling in the furnace to obtain the silane-modified aerogel.

[0009] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the phenyltrimethoxysilane to the water glass solution is 0.2-0.3:1; the mass concentration of the ammonia solution is 10-12%; and the calcination is carried out by raising the temperature to 300-400℃ at a heating rate of 2℃ and holding it for 1-3 hours.

[0010] Furthermore, the preparation method of the thiol-modified aerogel includes: adding sulfuric acid dropwise to a water glass solution to adjust the pH to 2-3, adding mercaptoacetic acid and water-soluble carbodiimide and stirring for 2-4 hours, then adding ammonia water dropwise until a gel is formed, freeze-drying, calcining under a nitrogen atmosphere, and cooling in the furnace to obtain the thiol-modified aerogel.

[0011] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the mercaptoacetic acid to the water-soluble carbodiimide and water glass solution is 0.05-0.1:0.08-0.2:1; the mass concentration of the ammonia water is 10-12%; and the calcination is carried out by raising the temperature to 300-350℃ at a heating rate of 2℃ and holding it for 1-2 hours.

[0012] Furthermore, the preparation method of the modified polybutylene succinate includes: mixing maleic anhydride, dicumyl peroxide and polybutylene succinate evenly and then extruding the mixture.

[0013] Furthermore, the mass ratio of maleic anhydride, dicumyl peroxide, and polybutylene succinate is 0.3-0.5:0.1-0.2:1.

[0014] A method for preparing submarine cable material based on aerogel, comprising the following steps:

[0015] The modified aerogel and high-density polyethylene were mixed at high speed and then added to a mixer and mixed at 160-180℃ for 3-5 minutes. Styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer and 2,7-anthraquinone disulfonic acid were added and stirred at medium speed. The mixture was then added to a mixer and mixed at 140-150℃ for 3-5 minutes. Finally, modified polybutylene succinate and triethyl acetyl citrate were added and stirred at low speed. The mixture was then extruded and granulated using a twin-screw extruder.

[0016] Furthermore, the high-speed stirring is performed at 1000-2000 rpm for 10-20 minutes; the medium-speed stirring is performed at 500-600 rpm for 20-30 minutes; and the low-speed stirring is performed at 100-200 rpm for 30-40 minutes.

[0017] Application of an aerogel-based submarine cable material in the preparation of submarine cables.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. This invention comprehensively improves the overall performance of cable materials by compounding various raw materials, giving them excellent lightweight, pressure resistance, low temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, flexibility, aging resistance and chemical stability, good environmental adaptability, and improving the service life of cables in extreme seabed environments.

[0020] 2. This invention enhances the performance of aerogels by modifying them with silane and mercapto groups, enabling them to be better suited for long-term application in harsh underwater environments. Specifically, phenyltrimethoxysilane-modified aerogels strengthen the interfacial bonding between the aerogel and high-density polyethylene and styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers, reducing stress concentration and improving mechanical strength and stability. Grafting silane groups also improves the hydrophobicity of the material, reducing seawater penetration and salt spray corrosion. Mercapto-modified aerogels can react with the double bonds of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers, improving the material's chemical stability and antioxidant properties, especially in corrosive environments, where the introduction of mercapto groups enhances the material's corrosion resistance and anti-aging properties.

[0021] 3. The present invention adds modified polybutylene succinate and triethyl acetylglucosinolate to improve the flexibility and low-temperature resistance of the material, reduce the risk of submarine cables breaking when bent in low-temperature environments, and triethyl acetylglucosinolate can also improve the processing fluidity. Combined with the low-density characteristics of modified aerogel, it is suitable for laying cables over long distances on the seabed.

[0022] 4. The addition of 2,7-anthraquinone disulfonic acid in this invention can stabilize free radicals in cable materials due to its redox properties, reducing corrosion of the metal parts of the cable in the seabed environment and extending its service life. The sulfonic acid groups of 2,7-anthraquinone disulfonic acid have strong adsorption properties, forming a dense protective layer on the metal surface. Together with the hydrophobic aerogel, they improve the durability and corrosion resistance of the cable. At the same time, the sulfonic acid groups form hydrogen bonds or ionic interactions with the mercapto groups and silane groups on the surface of the modified aerogel, as well as the anhydride groups of the styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, improving the dispersibility of the aerogel and reducing phase separation. The aromatic rings and ketone groups in 2,7-anthraquinone disulfonic acid help improve the structural stability of the cable material, delay the aging of the material, and avoid damage in extreme environments. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To better understand the technical content of this invention, specific embodiments are provided below to further illustrate the invention.

[0024] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the embodiments of this invention are all conventional methods.

[0025] Unless otherwise specified, all materials and reagents used in the embodiments of this invention are commercially available.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] A submarine cable material based on aerogel comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts modified aerogel (silane-modified aerogel and mercapto-modified aerogel in a mass ratio of 1:2), 23 parts high-density polyethylene, 8 parts styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 5 parts 2,7-anthraquinone disulfonic acid, 6 parts modified polybutylene succinate, and 3 parts triethyl acetylacetonate.

[0028] Preparation of silane-modified aerogel: Sulfuric acid was added dropwise to water glass solution to adjust the pH to 2.5±0.5, phenyltrimethoxysilane was added and stirred for 3 h, the mass ratio of phenyltrimethoxysilane to water glass solution was 0.25:1, and 11wt% ammonia water was added dropwise until gel was formed. The gel was freeze-dried and the temperature was raised to 350℃ at a heating rate of 2℃ and held for 2 h under nitrogen atmosphere. The gel was then cooled in the furnace to obtain silane-modified aerogel.

[0029] Preparation of thiol-modified aerogel: Sulfuric acid was added dropwise to a water glass solution to adjust the pH to 2.5±0.5. Thioglycolic acid and water-soluble carbodiimide were added and stirred for 3 h. The mass ratio of thiol-acetic acid to water-soluble carbodiimide to water glass solution was 0.08:0.15:1. Then, 11 wt% ammonia water was added dropwise until a gel was formed. The gel was freeze-dried and heated to 320 °C at a heating rate of 2 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere and held for 1.5 h. The gel was then cooled in the furnace to obtain the thiol-modified aerogel.

[0030] Preparation of modified polybutylene succinate: Maleic anhydride, dicumyl peroxide and polybutylene succinate in a mass ratio of 0.4:0.15:1 are mixed evenly and then extruded.

[0031] The preparation method of the above-mentioned aerogel-based submarine cable material includes the following specific steps:

[0032] The modified aerogel and high-density polyethylene were stirred at 150 rpm for 15 min, then added to a mixer and stirred at 170°C for 4 min. Styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer and 2,7-anthraquinone disulfonic acid were added and stirred at 550 rpm for 25 min. The mixture was then added to a mixer and stirred at 145°C for 4 min. Finally, modified polybutylene succinate and triethyl acetyl citrate were added and stirred at 150 rpm for 35 min. The mixture was then extruded and granulated using a twin-screw extruder.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] A submarine cable material based on aerogel comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts modified aerogel (silane-modified aerogel and mercapto-modified aerogel in a mass ratio of 1:1), 20 parts high-density polyethylene, 6 parts styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 4 parts 2,7-anthraquinone disulfonic acid, 5 parts modified polybutylene succinate, and 2 parts triethyl acetylacetonate.

[0035] Preparation of silane-modified aerogel: sulfuric acid was added dropwise to water glass solution to adjust the pH to 2.5±0.5, phenyltrimethoxysilane was added and stirred for 2 hours. The mass ratio of phenyltrimethoxysilane to water glass solution was 0.2:1. After completion, 10wt% ammonia water was added dropwise until gel was formed. The gel was freeze-dried and the temperature was raised to 300-400℃ at a heating rate of 2℃ under nitrogen atmosphere and held for 1-3 hours. The gel was then cooled in the furnace to obtain silane-modified aerogel.

[0036] Preparation of thiol-modified aerogel: Sulfuric acid was added dropwise to a water glass solution to adjust the pH to 2.5±0.5. Thioglycolic acid and water-soluble carbodiimide were added and stirred for 2 hours. The mass ratio of thiol-acetic acid to water-soluble carbodiimide and water glass solution was 0.05:0.08:1. Then, 10wt% ammonia water was added dropwise until a gel was formed. The gel was freeze-dried and heated to 300℃ at a rate of 2℃ under a nitrogen atmosphere and held for 1 hour. The gel was then cooled in the furnace to obtain the thiol-modified aerogel.

[0037] Preparation of modified polybutylene succinate: Maleic anhydride, dicumyl peroxide and polybutylene succinate in a mass ratio of 0.3:0.1:1 are mixed evenly and then extruded.

[0038] The preparation method of the above-mentioned aerogel-based submarine cable material includes the following specific steps:

[0039] The modified aerogel and high-density polyethylene were stirred at 1000 rpm for 10 min, then added to a mixer and stirred at 160°C for 3 min. Styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer and 2,7-anthraquinone disulfonic acid were added and stirred at 500 rpm for 20 min. The mixture was then added to a mixer and stirred at 140°C for 3 min. Finally, modified polybutylene succinate and triethyl acetyl citrate were added and stirred at 100 rpm for 30 min. The mixture was then extruded and granulated using a twin-screw extruder.

[0040] Example 3

[0041] A submarine cable material based on aerogel comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts modified aerogel (silane-modified aerogel and mercapto-modified aerogel in a mass ratio of 1:3), 25 parts high-density polyethylene, 10 parts styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 6 parts 2,7-anthraquinone disulfonic acid, 7 parts modified polybutylene succinate, and 4 parts triethyl acetylacetonate.

[0042] Preparation of silane-modified aerogel: sulfuric acid was added dropwise to water glass solution to adjust the pH to 2.5±0.5, phenyltrimethoxysilane was added and stirred for 4 h, the mass ratio of phenyltrimethoxysilane to water glass solution was 0.3:1, and 12wt% ammonia water was added dropwise until gel was formed. The gel was freeze-dried and the temperature was raised to 400℃ at a heating rate of 2℃ and held for 3 h under nitrogen atmosphere. The gel was then cooled in the furnace to obtain silane-modified aerogel.

[0043] Preparation of thiol-modified aerogel: Sulfuric acid was added dropwise to a water glass solution to adjust the pH to 2.5±0.5. Thioglycolic acid and water-soluble carbodiimide were added and stirred for 4 hours. The mass ratio of thiol-acetic acid to water-soluble carbodiimide and water glass solution was 0.1:0.2:1. Then, 12wt% ammonia water was added dropwise until a gel was formed. The gel was freeze-dried and heated to 350℃ at a heating rate of 2℃ under a nitrogen atmosphere and held for 2 hours. The gel was then cooled in the furnace to obtain the thiol-modified aerogel.

[0044] Preparation of modified polybutylene succinate: Maleic anhydride, dicumyl peroxide and polybutylene succinate in a mass ratio of 0.5:0.2:1 are mixed evenly and then extruded.

[0045] The preparation method of the above-mentioned aerogel-based submarine cable material includes the following specific steps:

[0046] The modified aerogel and high-density polyethylene were stirred at 2000 rpm for 20 min, then added to a mixer and stirred at 180°C for 5 min. Styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer and 2,7-anthraquinone disulfonic acid were added and stirred at 600 rpm for 30 min. The mixture was then added to a mixer and stirred at 150°C for 5 min. Finally, modified polybutylene succinate and triethyl acetyl citrate were added and stirred at 200 rpm for 40 min. The mixture was then extruded and granulated using a twin-screw extruder.

[0047] Comparative Example 1

[0048] The difference from Example 1 is that the modified aerogel is a silane-modified aerogel, while the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0049] The aerogel-based submarine cable material of this comparative example includes the following raw materials by weight: 15 parts of silane-modified aerogel, 23 parts of high-density polyethylene, 8 parts of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 5 parts of 2,7-anthraquinone disulfonic acid, 6 parts of modified polybutylene succinate, and 3 parts of triethyl acetylic acid citrate.

[0050] Preparation of silane-modified aerogel: Sulfuric acid was added dropwise to water glass solution to adjust the pH to 2.5±0.5, phenyltrimethoxysilane was added and stirred for 3 h, the mass ratio of phenyltrimethoxysilane to water glass solution was 0.25:1, and 11wt% ammonia water was added dropwise until gel was formed. The gel was freeze-dried and the temperature was raised to 350℃ at a heating rate of 2℃ and held for 2 h under nitrogen atmosphere. The gel was then cooled in the furnace to obtain silane-modified aerogel.

[0051] Preparation of modified polybutylene succinate: Maleic anhydride, dicumyl peroxide and polybutylene succinate in a mass ratio of 0.4:0.15:1 are mixed evenly and then extruded.

[0052] The preparation method of the above-mentioned aerogel-based submarine cable material includes the following specific steps:

[0053] Silane-modified aerogel and high-density polyethylene were stirred at 150 rpm for 15 min, then added to a mixer and stirred at 170°C for 4 min. Styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer and 2,7-anthraquinone disulfonic acid were added and stirred at 550 rpm for 25 min. Then added to a mixer and stirred at 145°C for 4 min. Finally, modified polybutylene succinate and triethyl acetyl citrate were added and stirred at 150 rpm for 35 min. The mixture was then extruded and granulated using a twin-screw extruder.

[0054] Comparative Example 2

[0055] The difference from Example 1 is that the modified aerogel is a thiol-modified aerogel, while the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0056] The aerogel-based submarine cable material of this comparative example includes the following raw materials by weight: 15 parts of mercapto-modified aerogel, 23 parts of high-density polyethylene, 8 parts of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 5 parts of 2,7-anthraquinone disulfonic acid, 6 parts of modified polybutylene succinate, and 3 parts of triethyl acetylic acid citrate.

[0057] Preparation of thiol-modified aerogel: Sulfuric acid was added dropwise to a water glass solution to adjust the pH to 2.5±0.5. Thioglycolic acid and water-soluble carbodiimide were added and stirred for 3 h. The mass ratio of thiol-acetic acid to water-soluble carbodiimide to water glass solution was 0.08:0.15:1. Then, 11 wt% ammonia water was added dropwise until a gel was formed. The gel was freeze-dried and heated to 320 °C at a heating rate of 2 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere and held for 1.5 h. The gel was then cooled in the furnace to obtain the thiol-modified aerogel.

[0058] Preparation of modified polybutylene succinate: Maleic anhydride, dicumyl peroxide and polybutylene succinate in a mass ratio of 0.4:0.15:1 are mixed evenly and then extruded.

[0059] The preparation method of the above-mentioned aerogel-based submarine cable material includes the following specific steps:

[0060] Thiol-modified aerogel and high-density polyethylene were stirred at 150 rpm for 15 min, then added to a mixer and stirred at 170°C for 4 min. Styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer and 2,7-anthraquinone disulfonic acid were added and stirred at 550 rpm for 25 min. Then added to a mixer and stirred at 145°C for 4 min. Finally, modified polybutylene succinate and triethyl acetyl citrate were added and stirred at 150 rpm for 35 min. The mixture was then extruded and granulated using a twin-screw extruder.

[0061] Comparative Example 3

[0062] The difference from Example 1 is that the modified aerogel is replaced with an aerogel, while the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0063] The aerogel-based submarine cable material of this comparative example includes the following raw materials by weight: 15 parts aerogel, 23 parts high-density polyethylene, 8 parts styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 5 parts 2,7-anthraquinone disulfonic acid, 6 parts modified polybutylene succinate, and 3 parts triethyl acetylic acid citrate.

[0064] Preparation of aerogel: sulfuric acid was added dropwise to water glass solution to adjust the pH to 2.5±0.5, and 11wt% ammonia water was added dropwise until gel was formed. The gel was freeze-dried and heated to 350℃ at a heating rate of 2℃ under nitrogen atmosphere and held for 2h. The gel was then cooled in the furnace to obtain aerogel.

[0065] Preparation of modified polybutylene succinate: Maleic anhydride, dicumyl peroxide and polybutylene succinate in a mass ratio of 0.4:0.15:1 are mixed evenly and then extruded.

[0066] The preparation method of the above-mentioned aerogel-based submarine cable material includes the following specific steps:

[0067] The aerogel and high-density polyethylene were stirred at 150 rpm for 15 min, then added to a mixer and stirred at 170°C for 4 min. Styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer and 2,7-anthraquinone disulfonic acid were added and stirred at 550 rpm for 25 min. The mixture was then added to a mixer and stirred at 145°C for 4 min. Finally, modified polybutylene succinate and triethyl acetyl citrate were added and stirred at 150 rpm for 35 min. The mixture was then extruded and granulated using a twin-screw extruder.

[0068] Comparative Example 4

[0069] The difference from Example 1 is that 2,7-anthraquinone disulfonic acid is missing, otherwise it is the same as Example 1.

[0070] The aerogel-based submarine cable material of this comparative example includes the following raw materials by weight: 15 parts modified aerogel (silane-modified aerogel and mercapto-modified aerogel in a mass ratio of 1:2), 23 parts high-density polyethylene, 8 parts styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 6 parts modified polybutylene succinate, and 3 parts triethyl acetylic acid citrate.

[0071] The preparation method of aerogel-based submarine cable material includes the following specific steps:

[0072] The modified aerogel and high-density polyethylene were stirred at 150 rpm for 15 min, then added to a mixer and stirred at 170°C for 4 min. The styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer was added and stirred at 550 rpm for 25 min, then added to a mixer and stirred at 145°C for 4 min. Finally, the modified polybutylene succinate and triethyl acetyl citrate were added and stirred at 150 rpm for 35 min. The mixture was then extruded and granulated using a twin-screw extruder.

[0073] Comparative Example 5

[0074] The difference from Example 1 is that modified polybutylene succinate and triethyl acetyl citrate are missing, but otherwise it is the same as Example 1.

[0075] The aerogel-based submarine cable material of this comparative example includes the following raw materials by weight: 15 parts modified aerogel (silane-modified aerogel and mercapto-modified aerogel in a mass ratio of 1:2), 23 parts high-density polyethylene, 8 parts styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, and 5 parts 2,7-anthraquinone disulfonic acid.

[0076] The preparation method of aerogel-based submarine cable material includes the following specific steps:

[0077] The modified aerogel and high-density polyethylene were stirred at 150 rpm for 15 min, then added to a mixer and stirred at 170°C for 4 min. Styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer and 2,7-anthraquinone disulfonic acid were added and stirred at 550 rpm for 25 min. The mixture was then added to a mixer and stirred at 145°C for 4 min. Finally, the mixture was extruded and granulated using a twin-screw extruder.

[0078] Test case

[0079] The submarine cable materials prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were processed into cable sheaths using conventional processes, and their performance was tested. The test basis and results are shown in Table 1.

[0080] Table 1

[0081]

[0082] As shown in Table 1, the cable sheaths prepared from the cable materials of Examples 1-3 of this invention possess good mechanical strength, excellent pressure resistance, and low-temperature resistance, meeting the requirements of use in complex seabed environments, extending the service life of submarine cables, and showing promising application prospects. Data from Comparative Examples 1-5 demonstrate that this invention, through the compounding of various raw materials, can comprehensively improve the overall performance of the cable material, giving it excellent lightweight properties, pressure resistance, low-temperature resistance, and chemical stability, as well as good environmental adaptability.

[0083] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A submarine cable material based on aerogel, characterized in that, According to the weight parts, it includes the following raw materials: 10-20 parts of modified aerogel, 20-25 parts of high-density polyethylene, 6-10 parts of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 4-6 parts of 2,7-anthraquinone disulfonic acid, 5-7 parts of modified polybutylene succinate, and 2-4 parts of triethyl acetylic acid citrate. The preparation method of the modified polybutylene succinate includes: mixing maleic anhydride, dicumyl peroxide and polybutylene succinate evenly and then extruding the mixture. The modified aerogel is a silane-modified aerogel and a mercapto-modified aerogel with a mass ratio of 1:1-3. The preparation method of the silane-modified aerogel includes: adding sulfuric acid dropwise to a water glass solution to adjust the pH to 2-3, adding phenyltrimethoxysilane and stirring for 2-4 hours, adding ammonia water dropwise until a gel is formed, freeze-drying, calcining under a nitrogen atmosphere, and cooling in the furnace to obtain the silane-modified aerogel. The preparation method of the thiol-modified aerogel includes: adding sulfuric acid dropwise to a water glass solution to adjust the pH to 2-3, adding mercaptoacetic acid and water-soluble carbodiimide and stirring for 2-4 hours, then adding ammonia water dropwise until a gel is formed, freeze-drying, calcining under a nitrogen atmosphere, and cooling in the furnace to obtain the thiol-modified aerogel.

2. The aerogel-based submarine cable material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the preparation method of silane-modified aerogel, the mass ratio of phenyltrimethoxysilane to water glass solution is 0.2-0.3:1; the mass concentration of ammonia water is 10-12%; and the calcination is to raise the temperature to 300-400℃ at a heating rate of 2℃ and hold it for 1-3 hours.

3. The aerogel-based submarine cable material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the preparation method of thiol-modified aerogel, the mass ratio of mercaptoacetic acid to water-soluble carbodiimide and water glass solution is 0.05-0.1:0.08-0.2:1; the mass concentration of ammonia water is 10-12%; the calcination is to raise the temperature to 300-350℃ at a heating rate of 2℃ and hold it for 1-2 hours.

4. The aerogel-based submarine cable material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the preparation method of modified polybutylene succinate, the mass ratio of maleic anhydride, dicumyl peroxide and polybutylene succinate is 0.3-0.5:0.1-0.2:

1.

5. The method for preparing aerogel-based submarine cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps include: The modified aerogel and high-density polyethylene were mixed at high speed and then added to a mixer and mixed at 160-180℃ for 3-5 minutes. Styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer and 2,7-anthraquinone disulfonic acid were added and stirred at medium speed. The mixture was then added to a mixer and mixed at 140-150℃ for 3-5 minutes. Finally, modified polybutylene succinate and triethyl acetyl citrate were added and stirred at low speed. The mixture was then extruded and granulated using a twin-screw extruder.

6. The method for preparing aerogel-based submarine cable material as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The high-speed stirring is performed at 1000-2000 rpm for 10-20 minutes; the medium-speed stirring is performed at 500-600 rpm for 20-30 minutes; and the low-speed stirring is performed at 100-200 rpm for 30-40 minutes.

7. The application of the aerogel-based submarine cable material according to any one of claims 1-4 in the preparation of submarine cables.

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