Anchorage device and system for side slope anchor cable anchoring and axial force testing and installation method

Abstract

The invention discloses an anchorage device and system for side slope anchor cable anchoring and axial force testing and an installation method.The anchorage device comprises an anchor ring and a split type clamp used for being installed in an inner hole of the anchor ring, the anchor ring is in an integral circular ring shape, and a plurality of limiting grooves are annularly and evenly formed in the top of the inner wall of the anchor ring; the split type clamp comprises a plurality of limiting clamps and a plurality of non-limiting clamps, each of the limiting clamps and the non-limiting clamps comprises a vertical arc and separated edges located at the two ends of the vertical arc, the vertical arcs are matched with the inner wall of the anchor ring, the limiting clamps are provided with limiting plates extending outwards at the tops of the vertical arcs, and the limiting plates are matched with the limiting grooves; first notches are axially formed in the branch edges, and the first notches in the branch edges on the two sides form cable penetrating holes. The axial force borne by the anchor cable can be more accurately tested by monitoring the circumferential strain of the outer wall of the anchor ring, and the device has the advantages of being simple in structure, convenient to operate and reasonable in stress.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of slope anchor cable anchoring, and in particular to an anchor device, a system and an installation method for slope anchor cable anchoring and axial force testing. Background Art

[0002] Prestressed anchor cables are a crucial component of slope support in slope construction. Changes in the axial force of these cables are crucial to slope stability. Therefore, a certain percentage of these cables undergo long-term axial force monitoring, resulting in a limited monitoring range. Currently, the primary method for monitoring anchor cable axial force is to install an axial force meter beneath the traditional anchor to monitor changes in the cable's axial force. However, traditional anchor cable axial force meters typically cost over 1,000 yuan, while slope anchor cables number in the tens of thousands. This is especially true for hydraulic engineering slopes, where tens or even hundreds of thousands of cables can be found. Therefore, the continued use of traditional axial force meters for monitoring is prohibitively expensive.

[0003] Considering that anchor cables must use anchors to clamp and lock steel strands, that is, the cable body, if technological innovations can be made to the anchors, it can not only realize the function of anchoring steel strands, but also solve the need for axial force monitoring of anchor cables. Inexpensive ordinary strain gauges can be used to test key parameters of new anchors to monitor the axial force of anchor cables. Combined with Internet of Things technology, axial force monitoring of slope anchor cables over a larger range can be carried out, and timely warnings can be given to local dangerous conditions on the slopes.

[0004] In the prior art, Chinese patent document CN112378555 B discloses an intelligent anchor and a method for testing the axial force of an anchor rod. The intelligent anchor comprises a first anchor ring and a second anchor ring, and a first and a second split anchor are installed in the middle of the inner cavity of the first and second anchor rings after assembly. This intelligent anchor has the following problems when used: (1) The anchor ring adopts a split structure and is a non-axisymmetric structure, which leads to uneven stress on the anchor ring. The presence of the protruding lock ear further exacerbates the uneven stress inside the anchor ring, making the hoop stress of the anchor ring more complex and the measurement accuracy poor. (2) The split anchor ring requires bolts and nuts to lock, which not only significantly increases the complexity of construction, but also the tightness of the locking has a huge impact on the split deformation of the anchor ring, which in turn affects the hoop strain of the anchor ring body and aggravates its unevenness; (3) The installation direction of the split anchor and the installation deflection angle of the clip will superimpose the non-axisymmetric effect of the anchor ring, further aggravating the asymmetry between the anchor ring and the anchor, making the stress on the anchor ring more complex and changeable.

[0005] These three factors severely impact the non-uniform stress on the anchor ring. Furthermore, the installation of the split-type anchor fixture and clips results in a high degree of variability in the hoop strain of the ring and the axial force acting on the anchor cable, making it difficult to achieve an ideal linear correlation. Therefore, addressing the challenges of achieving uniform stress on the anchor ring, improving the linear correlation between the hoop strain of the ring and the axial force acting on the anchor cable, and addressing the impact of the split-type anchor fixture and clip installation on the stability of the linear correlation are pressing issues. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide an anchor, a system and a method for slope anchor cable anchoring and axial force testing to solve the technical problems raised in the background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides an anchor for slope anchor cable anchoring and axial force testing, comprising an anchor ring and a split clamp for being installed in the inner hole of the anchor ring, the anchor ring being an overall circular ring shape, and a plurality of limit grooves are evenly distributed in an annular manner on the top of the inner wall of the anchor ring, the split clamp comprises a plurality of limit clamps and a plurality of non-limit clamps, the limit clamps and the non-limit clamps both comprise a vertical vertical arc and a dividing edge at both ends of the vertical arc, the vertical arc matches the inner wall of the anchor ring, the limit clamp is provided with a limit plate extending outward at the top of the vertical arc, the limit plate matches the limit groove, a first notch is axially provided on the dividing edge, the first notch on the dividing edge on both sides constitutes a cable through hole, and the cable through hole is used to clamp and fix the cable body through an arc-shaped clip.

[0008] The cable hole includes a tapered slope surface and a cylindrical surface connected to the lower end of the tapered slope surface. At least two arc-shaped clips for clamping and fixing the cable body are installed in the cable hole. The arc-shaped clips have a clamping surface and a tapered surface. The clamping surface matches the cable body, and the tapered surface matches the tapered slope surface of the cable hole.

[0009] The anchor ring is at the same height as the split clamp.

[0010] The anchor ring is provided with two limiting grooves, which are arranged diagonally. The limiting clamps include a first limiting clamp and a second limiting clamp, and the non-limiting clamps include a third clamp and a fourth clamp.

[0011] Each of the cable-passing holes is composed of two symmetrical first notches.

[0012] A reserved hole is further provided at the center of the split clamp. The reserved hole is composed of second notches evenly distributed on the limiting clamp and the non-limiting clamp. The reserved hole is used for grouting or inserting the cable body.

[0013] A system for slope anchor cable anchoring and axial force testing adopts the anchor for slope anchor cable anchoring and axial force testing. A test strain gauge is installed at the height midline position of the outer wall of the anchor ring, and the test strain gauge is electrically connected to a data collector through a wire.

[0014] The test strain gauge includes a first test strain gauge and a second test strain gauge. The first test strain gauge is located on the center line of two relatively limiting fixtures, and the second test strain gauge is located on the center line of two relatively non-limiting fixtures.

[0015] A compensation strain gauge is also installed at the midline position of the outer wall height of the anchor ring, and the compensation strain gauge is electrically connected to the data collector through a wire; the compensation strain gauge includes a third compensation strain gauge, and the third compensation strain gauge is located at the joint between adjacent limiting clamps and non-limiting clamps.

[0016] An installation method for installing the system for slope anchor cable anchoring and axial force testing includes the following steps: S1. Install the anchor ring: Install the anchor ring on the anchor head of the anchor cable to be tensioned, and insert the anchor cable into the inner hole of the anchor ring; S2. Install the split clamps: Install the split clamps into the inner holes of the anchor rings one by one, insert the limit plates of the limit clamps into the limit grooves of the anchor rings, insert the non-limit clamps into the anchor rings, and insert the cables into the cable holes. S3. Adhere and install the test strain gauge and the compensation strain gauge on the outer wall of the anchor ring, and clear the strain value of the data collector; S4. Tensioning and locking: insert an arc-shaped clip into the cable hole, use a tensioning jack to tension the anchor cable, measure the axial force of the anchor cable through the test strain gauge and the compensation strain gauge, and lock the anchor cable after tensioning to the designed tension value.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects: 1. The anchor ring is annular, with vertical inner and outer walls, which makes the anchor ring very stress-resistant. When the inner wall is subjected to relatively uniform radial pressure, the hoop stress of the outer wall is relatively uniform and has a good correlation with the radial stress of the inner wall. The radial stress of the inner wall has a good correlation with the tension of the anchor cable. Therefore, by monitoring the hoop strain of the outer wall of the anchor ring, the axial force of the anchor cable can be tested more accurately.

[0018] 2. The cable body is fixed with a split clamp. The split clamp is provided with a cable hole that matches the position of the cable body. Each cable hole is cut into two parts, so that the split clamp can be easily installed into the inner hole of the anchor ring.

[0019] 3. After the arc-shaped clip clamps the cable body, the tapered slope of the cable hole matches the tapered surface of the clip. Under the tension of the anchor cable, the split clamp separates radially, so that the vertical arc of the split clamp abuts against the inner wall of the anchor ring. The anchor ring forms a good constraint on the split clamp, ensuring that the split clamp and the arc-shaped clip can reliably clamp the cable body.

[0020] 4. The present invention also proposes a construction method for the anchor, which has the advantages of easy operation and safe construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the anchor device of the present invention after installation.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the anchor ring of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the split clamp of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the top structure of the third clamp and the fourth clamp of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic top view of the first limiting clamp and the second limiting clamp of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a bottom view of the first and second position limiting clamps of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 2 Middle AA section view.

[0029] Figure 8 for Figure 2 Middle BB cross-section.

[0030] Figure 9 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the front view structure.

[0031] Figure 10 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the right view structure.

[0032] Figure 11 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the left view structure.

[0033] Figure 12 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the front view structure.

[0034] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the installation structure of the arc-shaped clip of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 14 for Figure 13 Cross-section of the middle CC.

[0036] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the test system of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the structure of the test system of the present invention.

[0038] Reference numerals: Anchor ring 100, limiting groove 101, inner hole 102, inner wall 103, outer wall 104; Split clamp 110, first limiting clamp 111, second limiting clamp 112, third clamp 113, fourth clamp 114, vertical arc 115, dividing edge 116, cable hole 117, reserved hole 118, limiting plate 119, tapered slope surface 120, cylindrical surface 121, arc-shaped clamping piece 122, first clamping piece 123, second clamping piece 124, clamping surface 125, tapered surface 126; A first test strain gauge 130 , a second test strain gauge 131 , a third compensation strain gauge 132 , a data collector 133 , a wire 134 , and a cable body 135 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0040] Example 1: See also Figure 1-16 An anchor for slope anchor cable anchoring and axial force testing, comprising an anchor ring 100 and a split fixture 110 for installation in the inner hole 102 of the anchor ring. The anchor ring 100 is an overall annular shape, and a plurality of limiting grooves 101 are evenly distributed in an annular manner on the top of the inner wall 103 of the anchor ring 100. The split fixture 110 comprises a plurality of limiting fixtures and a plurality of non-limiting fixtures. Both the limiting fixture and the non-limiting fixture comprise a vertical droop 115 and a droop located on the droop. The dividing edges 116 at both ends of 115, the vertical arc 115 matches the inner wall of the anchor ring 100, and the limiting clamp is provided with a limiting plate 119 extending outward at the top of the vertical arc 115. The limiting plate 119 matches the limiting groove 101. A first notch is axially provided on the dividing edges 116. The first notches on the dividing edges 116 on both sides constitute a cable hole 117, and the cable hole 117 is used to clamp the fixed cable body 135 through the arc-shaped clip 122.

[0041] The anchor ring 100 is in the shape of an entire ring, and the inner wall 103 and the outer wall 104 are both perpendicular to the top end face and the bottom end face, so that the anchor ring 100 is very well stressed. When the inner wall 103 is subjected to relatively uniform radial pressure, the hoop stress of the outer wall 104 is relatively uniform and has a good correlation with the radial stress of the inner wall 103. The radial stress of the inner wall 103 has a good correlation with the tension of the cable body 135. Therefore, by monitoring the hoop strain of the outer wall 104 of the anchor ring 100, the axial force exerted on the cable body 135 can be tested more accurately.

[0042] The limit plate 119 is installed in the limit groove 101, thereby limiting the position of the limit clamp. The cable body 135 is fixed by a split clamp 110, which is provided with a cable hole 117 matching the position of the cable body, so that the split clamp can be easily installed into the inner hole 102 of the anchor ring 100.

[0043] After the arc-shaped clamping piece 122 clamps the cable body 135, under the action of the tension of the anchor cable, the split clamp 100 separates radially, so that the vertical arc 115 of the split clamp 110 presses against the inner wall 103 of the anchor ring. The anchor ring 100 forms a good constraint on the split clamp 110, ensuring that the split clamp 110 and the arc-shaped clamping piece 122 form a reliable clamping of the anchor cable.

[0044] In this embodiment, see Figure 9-12 The cable hole 117 includes a tapered slope surface 120 and a cylindrical surface 121 connected to the lower end of the tapered slope surface 120. At least two arc-shaped clips 122 for clamping and fixing the cable body 135 are installed in the cable hole 117. The arc-shaped clip 122 has a clamping surface 125 and a tapered surface 126. The clamping surface 125 matches the cable body 135, and the tapered surface 126 matches the tapered slope surface 120 of the cable hole 117.

[0045] In this embodiment, see Figure 1 、 3 , 13, 14, each cable hole 117 is provided with two arc-shaped clips 122 for clamping and fixing the cable body 135, namely a first clip 123 and a second clip 124. The first clip 123 and the second clip 124 are both wedge-shaped semicircular arc structures.

[0046] In this embodiment, the anchor ring 100 and the split clamp 110 have the same height.

[0047] See also Figure 1-8 Two limiting grooves 101 are provided on the anchor ring 100, and the two limiting grooves 101 are arranged diagonally. The limiting clamps include a first limiting clamp 111 and a second limiting clamp 112, and the non-limiting clamps include a third clamp 113 and a fourth clamp 114.

[0048] Specifically, each cable hole 117 is composed of two symmetrical first notches, so that the force on the anchor ring 100 is more uniform.

[0049] Furthermore, a reserved hole 118 is provided at the center of the split clamp 110. This reserved hole 118 is formed by second notches evenly distributed on the limiting clamp and the non-limiting clamp. This reserved hole 118 is used for grouting or for inserting the cable body 135. When the reserved hole 118 is used to insert the cable body 135, its structure is the same as that of the cable insertion hole 117.

[0050] Example 2: Based on Example 1, a system for slope anchor cable anchoring and axial force testing adopts an anchor for slope anchor cable anchoring and axial force testing. A test strain gauge is bonded and installed at the height midline position of the outer wall 104 of the anchor ring 100, and the test strain gauge is electrically connected to the data collector 133 through a wire 134.

[0051] The test strain gauge includes a first test strain gauge 130 and a second test strain gauge 131 . The first test strain gauge 130 is located on the center line of two opposing limiting fixtures, and the second test strain gauge 131 is located on the center line of two opposing non-limiting fixtures.

[0052] A compensation strain gauge is also bonded and installed at the midline position of the outer wall height of the anchor ring 100, and the compensation strain gauge is electrically connected to the data collector 133 through a wire 134; the compensation strain gauge includes a third compensation strain gauge 132, and the third compensation strain gauge 132 is located at the joint between adjacent limiting clamps and non-limiting clamps.

[0053] Through the above structure, the axial force of the cable body 135 can be measured at a relatively low cost, and has the advantages of convenient operation, simple construction, and safety.

[0054] In this embodiment, see Figure 16 The first test strain gauge 130 and the second test strain gauge 131 are installed horizontally, the third compensation strain gauge 132 is located between the first test strain gauge 130 and the second test strain gauge 131, and the third compensation strain gauge 132 is installed vertically.

[0055] Example 3: Based on Example 2, the present invention further proposes an installation method for installing the system for slope anchor cable anchoring and axial force testing. The installation method includes the following steps: S1. Install the anchor ring 100: Install the anchor ring 100 at the anchor head of the cable body 135 to be tensioned, and insert the cable body 135 into the inner hole of the anchor ring 100; S2. Install the split clamp 110: Install the split clamp 110 into the inner hole of the anchor ring 100 in sequence, insert the limiting plate 119 of the limiting clamp into the limiting groove 101 of the anchor ring 100, insert the non-limiting clamp into the anchor ring 100, and insert the cable body 135 into the cable hole 117 respectively; S3. Adhere and install the test strain gauge and the compensation strain gauge on the outer wall of the anchor ring 100, and clear the strain value of the data collector 133; S4. Tensioning and locking: insert the arc-shaped clip 122 into the cable hole 117, use the tensioning jack to tension the anchor cable, measure the axial force of the anchor cable through the test strain gauge and the compensation strain gauge, and lock the cable body 135 after tensioning to the designed tension value.

[0056] Compared with the intelligent anchor and the method for testing the anchor rod axial force disclosed in CN112378555 B, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) The split clamp 110 of the present invention adopts axisymmetric cutting. The split clamp 110 uniformly squeezes the anchor ring 100 along the radial axis, and the anchor ring 100 is subjected to more uniform force. The effect of the clamp installation direction causing uneven circumferential stress on the anchor ring is significantly reduced. However, the split anchor in CN112378555 B adopts parallel cutting, which results in a significant influence of its installation direction on the uneven force on the anchor ring. (2) The anchor ring 100 of the present invention adopts an integral ring structure and is axially symmetrical. The axially symmetrical characteristics of the superimposed clamp greatly improve the stability of the hoop stress uniformity of the anchor ring; (3) Since the split clamp 110 is an axisymmetric structure, when the arc-shaped clip is installed, the interaction of forces greatly reduces the influence of the installation angle of the arc-shaped clip, thereby greatly reducing its influence on the linear correlation between the annular stress of the anchor ring and the axial force of the anchor cable.

Claims

1. An anchor for slope anchor cable anchoring and axial force testing, comprising an anchor ring (100) and a split clamp (110) for installation in an inner hole (102) of the anchor ring, characterized in that: The anchor ring (100) is in the shape of an entire ring. A plurality of limiting grooves (101) are evenly distributed in an annular pattern on the top of the inner wall (103) of the anchor ring (100). The split clamp (110) includes a plurality of limiting clamps and a plurality of non-limiting clamps. The limiting clamps and the non-limiting clamps both include a vertical vertical arc (115) and a split edge (116) located at both ends of the vertical arc (115). The vertical arc (115) matches the inner wall of the anchor ring (100). The limiting clamp is provided with a limiting plate (119) extending outward at the top of the vertical arc (115). The limiting plate (119) matches the limiting groove (101). A first notch is axially provided on the split edge (116). The first notches on the split edges (116) on both sides constitute a cable hole (117). The cable hole (117) is used to clamp and fix the cable body (135) through an arc-shaped clamp (122).

2. The anchor for slope anchor cable anchoring and axial force testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cable hole (117) comprises a tapered slope surface (120) and a cylindrical surface (121) connected to the lower end of the tapered slope surface (120). At least two arc-shaped clips (122) for clamping and fixing the cable body (135) are installed in the cable hole (117). The arc-shaped clips (122) have a clamping surface (125) and a tapered surface (126). The clamping surface (125) matches the cable body (135), and the tapered surface (126) matches the tapered slope surface (120) of the cable hole (117).

3. The anchor for slope anchor cable anchoring and axial force testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor ring (100) and the split clamp (110) have the same height.

4. The anchor for slope anchor cable anchoring and axial force testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor ring (100) is provided with two limiting grooves (101), the two limiting grooves (101) are arranged diagonally, the limiting clamps include a first limiting clamp (111) and a second limiting clamp (112), and the non-limiting clamps include a third clamp (113) and a fourth clamp (114).

5. The anchorage for slope anchor cable anchoring and axial force testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the cable-through holes (117) is composed of two symmetrical first notches.

6. The anchor for slope anchor cable anchoring and axial force testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reserved hole (118) is further provided at the center of the split clamp (110). The reserved hole (118) is formed by second notches evenly distributed on the limiting clamp and the non-limiting clamp. The reserved hole (118) is used for grouting or inserting the cable body (135).

7. A system for slope anchor cable anchoring and axial force testing, characterized by: An anchor for slope anchor cable anchoring and axial force testing according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used, wherein a test strain gauge is installed at the height midline position of the outer wall (104) of the anchor ring (100), and the test strain gauge is electrically connected to the data collector (133) through a wire (134).

8. The system for slope anchor cable anchoring and axial force testing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The test strain gauge comprises a first test strain gauge (130) and a second test strain gauge (131), wherein the first test strain gauge (130) is located on the center line of two relative limiting clamps, and the second test strain gauge (131) is located on the center line of two relative non-limiting clamps.

9. The system for slope anchor cable anchoring and axial force testing according to claim 8, characterized in that: A compensating strain gauge is also installed at the midline position of the outer wall height of the anchor ring (100), and the compensating strain gauge is electrically connected to the data collector (133) via a wire (134); the compensating strain gauge includes a third compensating strain gauge (132), and the third compensating strain gauge (132) is located at the joint between adjacent limiting clamps and non-limiting clamps.

10. An installation method, characterized in that: For installing the system for slope anchor cable anchoring and axial force testing according to claim 9, the installation method comprises the following steps: S1. Install the anchor ring (100): Install the anchor ring (100) at the anchor head of the cable body (135) to be tensioned, and insert the cable body (135) into the inner hole of the anchor ring (100); S2. Install the split clamp (110): Install the split clamp (110) into the inner hole of the anchor ring (100) in sequence, insert the limiting plate (119) of the limiting clamp into the limiting groove (101) of the anchor ring (100), insert the non-limiting clamp into the anchor ring (100), and insert the cable body (135) into the cable hole (117) respectively; S3, bonding and installing a test strain gauge and a compensation strain gauge on the outer wall of the anchor ring (100), and clearing the strain value of the data collector (133); S4, tensioning and locking: inserting an arc-shaped clip (122) into the cable hole (117), using a tensioning jack to tension the anchor cable, measuring the axial force of the anchor cable by a test strain gauge and a compensation strain gauge, and locking the cable body (135) after tensioning to the designed tension value.

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