Rock mining device

Abstract

The invention provides a rock mining device, and belongs to the field of mining devices. Comprising a first fracturing area and a second fracturing area, the second fracturing area is located in the rock foundation pit, and the second fracturing area and the first fracturing area are oppositely arranged; each of the first fracturing area and the second fracturing area comprises a plurality of phase change fracturing steps which are sequentially connected from bottom to top; and the carbon dioxide phase change cracking device is used for cracking and crushing the phase change cracking step. The problem that in the prior art, a rock mining device is large in safety risk is solved. The technical effect that the safety performance of rock mining is greatly guaranteed is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mining devices, in particular to a rock mining device. Background Art

[0002] In urban construction, the development of a large number of underground rail transit projects has made rock mining in foundation pits a common operation. However, existing rock mining technologies in foundation pits have a series of difficult problems. First, the relatively narrow excavation pit presents significant obstacles to the operation of various mining equipment. Traditional large-scale mining machinery struggles to maneuver flexibly within the confined space, resulting in low efficiency and significantly increased operational difficulty. For example, large-scale drilling equipment cannot freely adjust its angle and position due to the limited size of the excavation pit, affecting drilling accuracy and progress, and thus slowing down the entire mining process. Safety risks are also a major pain point in rock mining within foundation pits. Due to the enclosed space, harmful gases generated during blasting and mining are difficult to expel quickly and easily accumulate within the pit, posing a serious threat to the lives of construction workers. Even with ventilation equipment, achieving ideal ventilation is difficult. Furthermore, blasting vibrations significantly impact the stability of foundation pit slopes, potentially causing slope collapse and other accidents, further compromising construction safety. Furthermore, foundation pits are often surrounded by existing buildings or underground pipelines. The noise and vibrations generated by traditional mining methods can easily damage surrounding structures, affecting their stability. They can also damage underground pipelines, leading to severe disruptions in water, electricity, and gas supplies. In summary, rock mining in foundation pits faces many defects such as limited space, high safety risks, low efficiency and great impact on the surrounding environment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a rock mining device to solve the defect of high safety risk of rock mining devices in the prior art, and realize a rock mining device that greatly guarantees the safety performance of rock mining.

[0004] The present invention provides a rock mining device, comprising: The first fracture zone is located in the rock foundation pit; The second fracturing zone is located in the rock foundation pit and is arranged opposite to the first fracturing zone; Phase change cracking steps, the first cracking zone and the second cracking zone each include a plurality of phase change cracking steps connected sequentially from bottom to top; Carbon dioxide phase change cracker, carbon dioxide phase change cracker is used to crack and crush phase change cracking steps.

[0005] In addition, the rock mining device according to the present invention may also have the following additional technical features: In some embodiments of the present invention, further comprising: a first continuous wall, wherein the plurality of phase change cracking steps in the first cracking zone are all located in the first continuous wall; a second continuous wall, the second continuous wall being connected to the first continuous wall, and the plurality of phase change cracking steps in the second cracking zone being all located in the second continuous wall; The second continuous wall and the first continuous wall are connected to form a rock foundation pit.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present invention, further comprising: Phase change cracking holes: each phase change cracking step is provided with a phase change cracking hole; During operation, the carbon dioxide phase change cracking device is arranged in the phase change cracking hole of the phase change cracking step to be broken.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present invention, further comprising: a first reinforced concrete beam, both ends of which are connected to the first continuous wall; The second reinforced concrete beam is connected to the second continuous wall at both ends.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, further comprising: The protective device is located above the multiple phase change cracking steps and the first reinforced concrete beam and the second reinforced concrete beam are both provided with the protective device.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the protective device comprises: A plurality of bamboo frame boards are provided, covering the plurality of phase change crack holes, and at least one bamboo frame board is provided on each of the first reinforced concrete beam and the second reinforced concrete beam; Steel pipes, used to connect multiple bamboo frame panels; Carpet, covered on multiple bamboo panels.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the protective device further comprises: Sandbags, laid on multiple bamboo frame boards; Cannon quilt, covering the sandbags.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, further comprising: a conductive network electrically connected to the carbon dioxide phase change cracker; The initiator is electrically connected to the conductive network.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the carbon dioxide phase change cracker comprises: The heating pipe is electrically connected to the conductive network; Filling valve, the heating pipe is connected to the filling valve; a liquid storage tank connected to the heating pipe; Safety piece, connected to the liquid storage tank; Energy unloader, connected to the safety piece.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the conductive network includes: A main line, which is electrically connected to the detonator; Branch line, which is electrically connected to the main line; The ignition head is electrically connected to the branch line. When working, the ignition head is electrically connected to the heating tube.

[0014] In summary, the present application includes the following beneficial technical effects: by setting two fracturing zones, the first fracturing zone and the second fracturing zone, and multiple phase change fracturing steps in combination with a carbon dioxide phase change fracturing device to perform rock fracturing and crushing, the safety performance is greatly guaranteed while being able to operate in a small space. Moreover, since multiple carbon dioxide phase change fracturing devices can be used to fracture and crush rocks at the same time, the efficiency of rock fracturing and crushing is also high while the impact on the surrounding environment is also small. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiment below. The accompanying drawings are for illustration purposes only and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. The same reference numerals are used throughout the accompanying drawings to denote the same components. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 The overall structural diagram of the rock mining device according to some embodiments of the present invention is schematically shown.

[0016] Figure 2 The structure of a carbon dioxide phase change fracturing device of a rock mining device according to some embodiments of the present invention is schematically shown in a cross-sectional view.

[0017] Figure 3 The structural diagram of the cutting slot of the rock mining device according to some embodiments of the present invention is schematically shown.

[0018] Figure 4 The structural diagram of the phase change fracture step structure of the rock mining device according to some embodiments of the present invention is schematically shown.

[0019] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram illustrating changes in the resistance line of a phase change fracture step of a rock mining device according to some embodiments of the present invention is shown.

[0020] Figure 6 The diagram schematically shows the arrangement of phase change crack arrest holes of a phase change cracking step of a rock mining device according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 7A first view schematically illustrates a structural diagram of a protective device of a rock mining device according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 8 A second view schematically illustrates a structural diagram of a protective device of a rock mining device according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 9 A third view schematically illustrates the structural diagram of a protective device of a rock mining device according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 10 Schematically illustrates a schematic structural diagram of a protective device of a rock mining device according to some embodiments of the present invention, including a schematic structural diagram of a quilt and a schematic structural diagram of a sandbag arrangement.

[0025] Figure 11 The figure schematically shows a structural diagram of the connection between the conductive network and the initiator of the rock mining device according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] Reference numerals: 1. First cracking zone, 11. First continuous wall, 12. First protective layer, 13. First reinforced concrete beam, 2. Second cracking zone, 21. Second continuous wall, 22. Second protective layer, 23. Second reinforced concrete beam, 3. Excavator, 4. Phase change cracking step, 41. Step slope, 42. Step plane, 43. Phase change cracking hole, 5. Carbon dioxide phase change cracker, 51. Energy unloader, 52. Safety plate, 53. Liquid storage tank, 54. Heating tube, 55. Charging valve, 56. Detonator, 57. Main line, 58. Branch line, 59. Ignition head, 6. Cutting groove, 61. First free surface, 62. Second free surface, 7. Pulling tube, 8. Foundation pit beam, 9. Protective device, 91. Bamboo frame board, 92. Steel pipe, 93. Carpet, 94. Wire mesh, 95. Gun blanket, 96. Sandbag, 97. Anchor steel bar. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0028] It should be understood that the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific example embodiments only and are not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "one", "an", and "" as used herein may also be meant to include plural forms. The terms "comprise", "include", "contain", and "have" are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or parts, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, parts, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring them to be performed in the specific order described or illustrated, unless the order of execution is clearly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0029] Although the terms first, second, third, etc. can be used in the text to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms can only be used to distinguish an element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first", "second" and other numerical terms do not imply order or sequence when used in the text. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below can be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teaching of the example embodiments.

[0030] For ease of description, spatially relative terms may be used herein to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to another element or feature as shown in the figures, such as "inside," "outside," "inside," "outside," "below," "beneath," "above," and the like. Such spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is flipped, an element described as "below" or "below" another element or feature would then be oriented as "above" or "above" another element or feature. Thus, the example term "below" may include both above and below orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations and the spatially relative descriptors used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a rock mining device is proposed, comprising a first fracturing zone 1, a second fracturing zone 2, a phase change fracturing step 4 and a carbon dioxide phase change fracturing device 5; The first fracturing zone 1 and the second fracturing zone 2 are arranged opposite to each other. Both the first fracturing zone 1 and the second fracturing zone 2 include a plurality of phase change fracturing steps 4 sequentially connected from bottom to top. The carbon dioxide phase change fracturing device 5 is used for fracturing and breaking the plurality of phase change fracturing steps 4.

[0032] In the above embodiment, it should be noted that the first fracturing zone 1 and the second fracturing zone 2 are both located in the rock foundation pit; there are multiple carbon dioxide phase change fracturing devices 5, and each phase change fracturing step 4 needs phase change fracturing and crushing, and is fractured and crushed by at least one carbon dioxide phase change fracturing device 5. When the rock is crushed, the multiple phase change fracturing steps 4 of the first fracturing zone 1 and the multiple phase change fracturing steps 4 of the second fracturing zone 2 are staggered and alternately subjected to carbon dioxide phase change fracturing construction to reduce the disturbance effect of phase change fracturing on the continuous walls at both ends of the foundation pit.

[0033] In addition, it also includes multiple excavators 3. Multiple excavators 3 are arranged at intervals on the multiple phase change fracturing steps 4 of the first fracturing zone 1, and multiple excavators 3 are arranged at intervals on the multiple phase change fracturing steps 4 of the second fracturing zone 2. After the carbon dioxide phase change fracturing device 5 is used for fracturing and crushing, multiple excavators 3 are used to transport the crushed rocks to the outside world.

[0034] Each phase change fracturing step 4 includes a step slope 41 and a step plane 42. The angle between the step slope 41 and the step plane 42 is an obtuse angle. When fracturing and crushing rocks, the carbon dioxide phase change fracturing device 5 is inserted into the step plane 42 to perform fracturing and crushing work.

[0035] The angle of the step slope 41 is between 60 and 90 degrees to avoid excessive resistance at the bottom of the fracturing hole, preventing rock fracturing. If the rock is too hard and neither a liquid breaker nor a cracking hook can increase the step slope angle, the CO2 phase-change fracturing holes 43 can be arranged using an inclined drilling method. The inclination of the holes should be consistent with the angle of the step fracture surface.

[0036] Each phase change fracturing step 4 is provided with a cutting groove 6 before being fractured and crushed by the carbon dioxide phase change fracturing device 5. The two side surfaces of the cutting groove 6 are respectively a first free surface 61 and a second free surface 62. The cutting groove 6 creates a lateral free surface of the first free surface 61 or the second free surface 62 for the carbon dioxide phase change fracturing rock, so as to achieve a better crushing effect and avoid the occurrence of a poor rock fracturing and crushing effect due to the rock clamping effect.

[0037] The technical effect achieved by the above embodiment is: using the carbon dioxide phase change cracker 5 to perform phase change cracking on rocks has the following benefits: First, it has essential safety features. It is very safe in aspects such as storage, transportation, carrying, use, and recycling. The host is separated from the carbon dioxide phase change fracturing device 5, and the time from filling to fracturing and breaking is relatively short. The liquid carbon dioxide filling only takes 1 - 3 minutes, and the time from ignition to the end only takes 4 milliseconds. There are no misfires during the implementation process, and no gun checking is required. The safety warning distance is short, there are no safety hazards, and the carbon dioxide phase change fracturing device 5 is convenient to recycle.

[0038] Second, it can be both directionally fractured and delayed controlled. Especially in special environments such as residential areas, tunnels, subways, underground mines, etc., there are no destructive vibrations and short waves during the implementation process, and there is no destructive impact on the surrounding environment.

[0039] Third, in stone mining, it does not damage the texture structure, and the成材率 and efficiency are relatively high.

[0040] Fourth, there are no detonators, gunpowders, explosives, flammable items, or hazardous chemicals. There is no need for a pyrotechnics depot, the management is simple, the operation is easy to learn, the number of operators is small, and no professional personnel are required to be on duty.

[0041] Fifth, the material source is rich, and materials can be obtained locally. It improves efficiency, increases benefits, and reduces costs. Before filling carbon dioxide, all are non-explosive items. After filling, there is no high temperature, no voltage, and it will not self-explode. As long as the operating procedures are strictly followed, the entire construction operation process is quite safe.

[0042] Sixth, in emergency rescue and disaster relief, all facilities can be transported on any transportation vehicle. However, detonators, gunpowders, explosives, etc. are controlled items and do not have this advantage. A large amount of rescue time can be saved.

[0043] In summary, by setting two fracturing zones, namely the first fracturing zone 1 and the second fracturing zone 2, and multiple phase change fracturing steps 4 in cooperation with the carbon dioxide phase change fracturing device 5 for rock fracturing and breaking, the safety performance is greatly guaranteed, and it can operate in a small space. Moreover, since multiple carbon dioxide phase change fracturing devices 5 can be used to simultaneously fracture and break the rock; therefore, the efficiency of rock fracturing and breaking is relatively high, and the impact on the surrounding environment is also relatively small.

[0044] Optionally, as Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, it further includes a first diaphragm wall 11 and a second diaphragm wall 21. The first diaphragm wall 11 and the second diaphragm wall 21 are connected to each other, and multiple phase change fracturing steps 4 are all located within the structure formed after the connection of the first diaphragm wall and the second diaphragm wall 21; the shapes of the first diaphragm wall 11 and the second diaphragm wall 21 are both "匚"-shaped, and the first diaphragm wall 11 and the second diaphragm wall 21 are arranged oppositely and connected to each other.

[0045] After the second diaphragm wall 21 and the first diaphragm wall 11 are connected, they enclose and form a rock foundation pit. It should be noted that the term "成材率" in the original text seems to be incorrect. I translated it as "成材率" according to the original text. If it is a wrong term, please correct it according to the actual situation.

[0046] In the above optional embodiments, it should be noted that the first continuous wall 11 and the second continuous wall 21 are both continuous walls of the foundation pit, which are used to withstand the soil pressure and water pressure outside the foundation pit, provide a stable support structure for foundation pit excavation, prevent the side walls of the foundation pit from collapsing, and ensure construction safety in the foundation pit.

[0047] Optional, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, each phase change fracture step 4 is provided with a phase change fracture hole 43 . When in operation, the carbon dioxide phase change fracture device 5 is placed in the phase change fracture hole 43 of the phase change fracture step 4 to be fractured.

[0048] In the above optional embodiment, it should be noted that a plurality of phase change cracking holes 43 are formed on each phase change cracking step 4 in the first cracking zone 1 and each phase change cracking step 4 in the second cracking zone 2 .

[0049] The number of the multiple phase change fracture holes 43 of each phase change fracture step 4 is four, five or six, etc.; when the number of the multiple phase change fracture holes 43 of the phase change fracture step 4 is four, the shape of their arrangement combination is a parallelogram, and the four phase change fracture holes 43 are respectively located at the four corners of the parallelogram; when the number of the multiple phase change fracture holes 43 of the phase change fracture step 4 is five or six or more, the multiple phase change fracture holes 43 are arranged in a straight line; the distance between two adjacent phase change fracture holes 43 is between 1.7 meters and 2 meters, and as the depth of the rock layer increases and the rock strength increases, the distance between the phase change fracture holes 43 can be appropriately reduced, and can be set to a=1.5 meters to 1.8 meters.

[0050] A first protective layer 12 is provided in the first fracturing zone 1, and the first protective layer 12 is located between the phase change cracking hole 43 of each phase change cracking step 4 in the first fracturing zone 1 and the first continuous wall 11; a second protective layer 22 is provided in the second fracturing zone 2, and the second protective layer 22 is located between the phase change cracking hole 43 of each phase change cracking step 4 in the second fracturing zone 2 and the second continuous wall 21.

[0051] When rock is crushed on one of the phase change fracturing steps 4, at least one carbon dioxide phase change fracturing device 5 and a pulling tube 7 are provided in each of the multiple phase change fracturing holes 43 on the corresponding phase change fracturing step 4. The pulling tube 7 is located above the corresponding carbon dioxide phase change fracturing device 5.

[0052] The length of the minimum resistance line W of the carbon dioxide phase change cracking device 5 in each phase change cracking hole 43 is between 1.5m and 2.3m.

[0053] Each time cracking holes are arranged for the corresponding phase change cracking step 4, the minimum resistance line of the phase change cracking hole 43 closest to the first continuous wall 11 or the phase change cracking hole 43 closest to the second continuous wall 21 should be equal to 1.5m, so as to ensure that the cracking energy is released from the free surface direction as much as possible, reduce the proportion of energy transmitted from the corresponding first protective layer 12 or the corresponding second protective layer 22 into the first continuous wall 11 and the second continuous wall 21, and weaken the impact of the cracking vibration on the first continuous wall 11 and the second continuous wall 21.

[0054] The distance between each two adjacent phase change crack holes 43 is between 1.7 meters and 2.0 meters.

[0055] The protective rock layer thickness between the phase change cracking holes 43 closest to the first or second diaphragm wall 11 or 21 and the corresponding wall should be greater than 1.5 meters. Vibration test sensors should be installed within 3 meters of the first or second diaphragm wall 11 or 21 to measure the vibration level caused by phase change cracking on the diaphragm wall. The impact of the cracking vibration should be analyzed by combining monitoring data such as retaining pile displacement, support axial force, groundwater level, ground subsidence, and horizontal displacement of deep soil. If any indicator in the linkage monitoring system reaches a warning value, the protective layer thickness should be increased or the layout of the phase change cracking holes 43 should be adjusted.

[0056] The beneficial effect of the above optional embodiment is that the provision of the phase change fracturing holes 43 can effectively provide a fracturing space for the carbon dioxide phase change fracturing device 5, thereby ensuring the reliability of rock fracturing and crushing.

[0057] Optional, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, it also includes a first reinforced concrete beam 13 and a second reinforced concrete beam 23 . Both ends of the first reinforced concrete beam 13 are connected to the first continuous wall 11 , and both ends of the second reinforced concrete beam 23 are connected to the second continuous wall 21 .

[0058] In the above optional embodiment, it should be noted that the first reinforced concrete beam 13 and the second reinforced concrete beam 23 are both foundation pit beams 8; the first reinforced concrete beam 13 is located above the first cracking zone 1, and the second reinforced concrete beam 23 is located above the second cracking zone 2.

[0059] The beneficial effect of the above optional embodiment is that the provision of the first reinforced concrete beam 13 and the second reinforced concrete beam 23 can further increase the stability of the first continuous wall 11 and the second continuous wall 21, thereby ensuring the reliability of rock fracturing and crushing.

[0060] Optional, such as Figures 7 to 10 As shown, a protective device 9 is also included. The first reinforced concrete beam 13 and the second reinforced concrete beam 23 are both provided with a protective device 9 . The protective device 9 is located above the multiple phase change cracking steps 4 .

[0061] The beneficial effects of the above optional embodiment are: the protection device 9 can shield the broken rocks, avoid the continuous wall from being disturbed during the phase change cracking of the rocks, and cover the flying stones to prevent the flying stones from occurring, thereby ensuring construction safety.

[0062] Optional, such as Figures 7 to 10 As shown, the protective device 9 includes multiple bamboo frame boards 91, steel pipes 92 and carpets 93. The multiple bamboo frame boards 91 are connected by steel pipes 92. At least one bamboo frame board 91 is provided on the first reinforced concrete beam 13 and the second reinforced concrete beam 23. The multiple bamboo frame boards 91 correspondingly cover the top of the multiple phase change cracking holes 43, and the carpet 93 covers the multiple bamboo frame boards 91.

[0063] In the above optional embodiment, it should be noted that the carpet 93 and the bamboo frame board 91 are connected by binding or bonding.

[0064] The beneficial effect of the above optional embodiment is that the carpet 93 can cover the small rocks that fly out due to rock cracking, thereby preventing the small rocks from flying out.

[0065] Optional, such as Figures 7 to 10 As shown, the protective device 9 further includes a gun blanket 95 and a plurality of sandbags 96 . The plurality of sandbags 96 are sequentially laid on the plurality of bamboo frame boards 91 , and the gun blanket 95 covers the plurality of sandbags 96 .

[0066] In the above optional embodiment, it should be noted that it also includes a wire mesh 94, which is covered on the gun blanket 95, and the wire mesh 94 is fixed to the first continuous wall 11 or the second continuous wall 21 or the rock in the foundation pit or one or more of the first reinforced concrete beam 13 or the second reinforced concrete beam 23 through anchoring steel bars 97.

[0067] The beneficial effect of the above optional embodiment is that the provision of multiple sandbags 96 can provide secondary protection for phase change fractured rocks, and the sand in the sandbags 96 is used to disperse the vibration and impact force of rock fracture, thereby reducing the probability of rocks flying out.

[0068] The provision of the blast quilt 95 can provide a third level of protection for the phase change crack holes 43 and the phase change cracked rocks, further reducing the probability of stones flying out; the provision of the wire mesh 94 can further increase safety.

[0069] The bamboo frame 91, the blasting blanket 95 and the sandbag 96 form a triple protection to ensure that the rock does not crack and there is no flying stone, thus ensuring construction safety.

[0070] Optional, such as Figure 2 and Figure 11As shown, the carbon dioxide phase change fracturing device 5 includes an energy unloader 51, a safety plate 52, a liquid storage tank 53, a heating pipe 54 and a charging valve 55. The energy unloader 51, the safety plate 52, the liquid storage tank 53, the heating pipe 54 and the charging valve 55 are connected in sequence and are all arranged in the corresponding phase change fracturing hole 43 when working.

[0071] In the above optional embodiment, it should be noted that the heating tube 54 is connected to the filling valve 55; when the pressure generated by the gasification of liquid carbon dioxide reaches the ultimate strength of the energy unloader 51, the energy unloader 51 will break, thereby releasing the high-pressure gas from the release tube and acting on the coal rock mass to achieve the purpose of fracturing.

[0072] The safety piece 52 is used to block the pressure relief channel to prevent accidental release of gas when the set pressure is not reached.

[0073] When the internal pressure increases to a level that exceeds the pressure that the safety piece 52 can withstand, the safety piece 52 will rupture, allowing the liquid storage chamber to communicate with the outside world, thereby releasing the internal air pressure and preventing the device from bursting due to excessive air pressure.

[0074] The presence of the safety piece 52 enhances the safety and reliability of the rupture device.

[0075] The liquid storage tank 53 is a component used to store liquid carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide fracturing device.

[0076] The heating pipe 54 is used to heat the liquid carbon dioxide in the liquid storage tank 53 to gasify it and increase the gas pressure.

[0077] The filling valve 55 is used to fill the liquid storage tank 53 with liquid carbon dioxide.

[0078] The beneficial effect of the above optional embodiment is that the safety performance and fracturing effect of the fracturing device are ensured by the coordinated arrangement of the energy unloader 51 , the safety plate 52 , the liquid storage tank 53 , the heating pipe 54 and the filling valve 55 .

[0079] Optional, such as Figure 2 and Figure 11 As shown, it also includes an initiator 56 and a conductive network, the conductive network is electrically connected to the carbon dioxide phase change cracker 5; the initiator 56 is electrically connected to the conductive network; specifically, the initiator 56 is connected to the heating tube 54 through the conductive network.

[0080] In the above optional embodiment, it should be noted that the working principle of the carbon dioxide phase change fracturing device 5 for fracturing rocks is that carbon dioxide gas can be converted into liquid under a certain high pressure. The liquid carbon dioxide is compressed into the cylindrical container carbon dioxide phase change fracturing device 5 by a high-pressure pump, and the safety film, rupture disc, heating tube 54 and sealing ring are installed. The alloy cap is tightened to complete the preparation work before fracturing.

[0081] The carbon dioxide phase change cracker 5 , the initiator 56 and the power cord are brought to the fracturing site, the carbon dioxide phase change cracker 5 is inserted into the drill hole and fixed, and the initiator 56 is connected.

[0082] The instantaneous pulse current ignites heating tube 54, triggering a rapid combustion reaction. This releases a large amount of heat, instantly vaporizing the liquid carbon dioxide, causing it to expand rapidly and generate high pressure. Since the volume of liquid carbon dioxide expands approximately 600 times upon vaporization, the rapid vaporization within the enclosed space of the carbon dioxide phase-change cracker 5 instantly causes the pressure inside the device to reach a high pressure of over 300 MPa.

[0083] The high pressure causes the rupture disc to shear and break, and the high-pressure gas rushes out of the pressure relief valve instantly, exerting a strong impact on the surrounding medium, causing it to be destroyed and displaced.

[0084] The entire process, from ignition to completion, takes just 0.4 milliseconds, instantly releasing high-pressure gas to fracture and loosen the rock. Operating at low temperatures, it does not mix with surrounding liquids or gases, producing no harmful gases, arcs, or sparks, and is unaffected by high temperatures, high humidity, or extreme cold. It dilutes gas during underground fracturing and crushing, without vibration or dust.

[0085] Carbon dioxide is an inert gas and a non-flammable and explosive substance. The cracking and fragmentation process is a process of volume expansion, which is physical work rather than a chemical reaction.

[0086] Optional, such as Figure 2 and Figure 11 As shown, the conductive network includes a main line 57, a branch line 58 and a ignition head 59. The branch line 58 is electrically connected to the detonator 56 through the main line 57. The branch line 58 is electrically connected to the ignition head 59. When working, the ignition head 59 is electrically connected to the heating tube 54.

[0087] In the above optional embodiment, it should be noted that a plurality of branch lines 58 are connected in parallel to the main line 57 , each branch line 58 is electrically connected to a ignition head 59 , and each ignition head 59 is electrically connected to a heating tube 54 of a carbon dioxide phase change cracker 5 .

[0088] The beneficial effect of the above optional embodiment is that, by providing the main line 57, the branch line 58 and the ignition head 59, multiple carbon dioxide fracturing devices can simultaneously perform rock fracturing and crushing work, thereby increasing the efficiency of rock mining.

[0089] The present application sets the first fracturing zone 1 and the second fracturing zone 2 relative to each other, and each fracturing zone is composed of a plurality of phase change fracturing steps 4 connected from bottom to top. This layout provides an orderly division of the working area for rock mining. The step slope 41 of each phase change fracturing step 4 forms an obtuse angle with the step plane 42, and a phase change fracturing hole 43 is provided on the step plane 42 for inserting the carbon dioxide phase change fracturing device 5. This design can make the fracturing energy more concentrated on the rock, and use the obtuse angle structure to guide the direction of rock crushing and improve the fracturing effect. At the same time, before fracturing and crushing, each phase change fracturing step 4 opens a cutting groove 6 to create a first free surface 61 and a second free surface 62, which effectively reduces the rock clamping effect and greatly improves the rock fracturing and crushing effect. Compared with traditional mining methods, it can make the rock crushing more sufficient and uniform, and reduce the workload of secondary crushing. In addition, from the perspective of the operation method, multiple carbon dioxide phase change fracturing devices 5 correspond to each phase change fracturing step 4, and during construction, the first and second fracturing zones are staggered and alternately fractured. This method significantly reduces the disturbance to the continuous walls at both ends of the foundation pit. The first continuous wall 11 and the second continuous wall 21 serve as the supporting structure of the foundation pit, bearing the external soil pressure and water pressure, ensuring the safety and stability of the foundation pit excavation, and the reasonable fracturing construction sequence further maintains its stability. In addition, multiple excavators 3 are arranged at intervals on the phase change fracturing steps 4 of each fracturing zone. After the rock is fractured and crushed, the rock is transported to the outside in a relay manner, achieving efficient connection of mining operations, greatly improving mining efficiency, and shortening the construction period. Specifically, in actual work, first, a cutting groove 6 is mined from the phase change fracture step 4 at the top by mechanical breaking, and then the carbon dioxide phase change fracture device 5 is used to mine the phase change fracture step 4 at the top. After the initial mining of the top phase change fracture step 4 is completed, the second layer of phase change fracture step 4 is mined in the same way, and so on, until the bottom phase change fracture step 4 is mined. Then, the carbon dioxide phase change fracture device 5 is used to mine from the bottom phase change fracture step 4 to the top phase change fracture step 4 or from the top phase change fracture step 4 to the bottom phase change fracture step 4 in sequence, until all the rocks are mined.

[0090] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A rock mining device, characterized in that: include: A first fracturing zone (1), wherein the first fracturing zone (1) is located in a rock foundation pit; A second fracturing zone (2), the second fracturing zone (2) being located in the rock foundation pit, and the second fracturing zone (2) being arranged opposite to the first fracturing zone (1); Phase change cracking steps (4), the first cracking zone (1) and the second cracking zone (2) both include a plurality of phase change cracking steps (4) connected sequentially from bottom to top; A carbon dioxide phase change cracking device (5) is used to crack and break the phase change cracking step (4).

2. The rock mining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A first continuous wall (11), wherein the plurality of phase change cracking steps (4) of the first cracking zone (1) are all located within the first continuous wall (11); a second continuous wall (21), wherein the second continuous wall (21) is connected to the first continuous wall (11), and the plurality of phase change cracking steps (4) of the second cracking zone (2) are all located within the second continuous wall (21); The second continuous wall (21) and the first continuous wall (11) are connected to enclose a rock foundation pit.

3. The rock mining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Phase change cracking holes (43), each of the phase change cracking steps (4) is provided with the phase change cracking holes (43); During operation, the carbon dioxide phase change cracking device (5) is arranged in the phase change cracking hole (43) of the phase change cracking step (4) to be broken.

4. The rock mining device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: A first reinforced concrete beam (13), both ends of which are connected to the first continuous wall (11); The second reinforced concrete beam (23) has both ends connected to the second continuous wall (21).

5. The rock mining device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: A protective device (9) is located above the plurality of phase change cracking steps (4), and the protective device (9) is provided on both the first reinforced concrete beam (13) and the second reinforced concrete beam (23).

6. The rock mining device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The protective device (9) comprises: a plurality of bamboo frame boards (91) correspondingly covering the plurality of phase change cracking holes (43), and at least one bamboo frame board (91) is provided on each of the first reinforced concrete beam (13) and the second reinforced concrete beam (23); A steel pipe (92) for connecting a plurality of the bamboo frame panels (91); A carpet (93) is covered on the plurality of bamboo frame boards (91).

7. The rock mining device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The protective device (9) further comprises: Sandbags (96) are laid on the plurality of bamboo frame boards (91); A cannon quilt (95) is covered on the sandbag (96).

8. The rock mining device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Also includes: A conductive network electrically connected to the carbon dioxide phase change cracker (5); An initiator (56) is electrically connected to the conductive network.

9. The rock mining device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The carbon dioxide Phase change crackers include: A heating pipe (54) electrically connected to the conductive network; A filling valve (55), wherein the heating pipe (54) is connected to the filling valve (55); A liquid storage tank (53) connected to the heating pipe (54); A safety piece (52) connected to the liquid storage tank (53); The energy unloader (51) is connected to the safety piece (52).

10. The rock mining device according to claim 9, characterized in that The conductive network comprises: A main line (57), the main line (57) being electrically connected to the detonator (56); a branch line (58), the branch line (58) being electrically connected to the main line (57); A ignition head (59) is electrically connected to the branch line (58). When in operation, the ignition head (59) is electrically connected to the heating tube (54).

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