A tunnel atmospheric pollution prevention control system based on tail gas collection monitoring means

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of prevention tunnel atmospheric pollution control systems based on tail gas collection monitoring means, it is related to tunnel atmospheric pollution prevention and control technical field.In the present application, collection monitoring mechanism is installed at intervals in tunnel, wind-driven impeller group is arranged between collection and efficiency wind channel and tail gas collection wind channel, the air inlet of backflow wind channel is connected with the air outlet of detection processing equipment, every two collection monitoring mechanisms correspond to a group of flow direction control mechanism, flow direction control mechanism is communicated with backflow wind channel, negative pressure air extraction component is communicated with the two tail gas collection wind channels on corresponding position, negative pressure air extraction wind channel is connected with the air inlet of exhaust fan at the top of tunnel, and the exhaust fan is used to transport the collected tail gas to detection processing equipment.The present application can ensure tail gas collection effect under reducing fan operating power when monitoring that tunnel interior is at low wind pressure low concentration or high wind pressure low concentration or low wind pressure high concentration, achieves the purpose of reducing electric energy loss and preventing atmospheric pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel air pollution prevention and control technology, and in particular relates to a tunnel air pollution prevention and control system based on exhaust gas collection and monitoring methods. Background Technology

[0002] In tunnels, especially long ones, pollutants can easily accumulate. When traffic jams occur inside long tunnels, a large number of cars, with their engines running, create a large source of exhaust emissions. This causes a large accumulation of vehicle exhaust in the tunnel. Pollutants such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur oxides in vehicle exhaust can harm people's health.

[0003] During the collection and monitoring of vehicle exhaust emissions in tunnels, when traffic congestion occurs, i.e. during peak traffic hours, the usual approach to ensure the air quality inside the tunnel is to run the tunnel fans at full capacity. However, when the traffic congestion is prolonged, running the fans at full capacity increases energy consumption, making it impossible to achieve efficient collection and monitoring of exhaust emissions in the tunnel by operating the fans at low power.

[0004] To address these issues, we provide a control system for preventing air pollution in tunnels based on exhaust gas collection and monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a control system for preventing air pollution in tunnels based on exhaust gas collection and monitoring. Through the specific structural design of the first collection component, the second collection component, the air duct connection component, the negative pressure extraction component, the flow direction control component, and the return air duct, this invention solves the problem that when the traffic jam in the tunnel is long, the full-load operation of the fan will increase the power consumption and make it impossible to achieve efficient collection and monitoring of exhaust gas in the tunnel by operating the fan at low power.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: The present invention is a tunnel air pollution prevention control system based on exhaust gas collection and monitoring, including a collection and monitoring mechanism. The collection and monitoring mechanism is installed at equal intervals in the tunnel. The collection and monitoring mechanism includes a first collection component and a second collection component symmetrically arranged. The first collection component and the second collection component each include a collection efficiency improvement air duct, an exhaust gas collection air duct, and a wind-driven impeller assembly. The wind-driven impeller assembly is rotatably arranged between the collection efficiency improvement air duct and the exhaust gas collection air duct. A return air duct is provided, with its inlet end connected to the outlet of a detection and processing device outside the tunnel. The return air duct is arranged in a "U" shape in the tunnel. A flow direction control mechanism is provided for each pair of... The data collection and monitoring unit corresponds to a set of flow control mechanisms, which are connected to the return air duct. The flow control mechanism includes a horizontally sliding air duct docking assembly and a negative pressure exhaust air duct, which is assembled from several negative pressure exhaust components. The negative pressure exhaust components are connected to two tail gas collection air ducts at corresponding positions. The negative pressure exhaust air duct is connected to the air inlet of the exhaust fan at the top of the tunnel. The exhaust fan is used to transport the collected tail gas to the detection and processing equipment. Both the first and second collection components also include a wind pressure sensor and a concentration detector. When low wind pressure and high concentration are detected at a certain position, the control air duct docking assembly is connected to the collection efficiency improvement air duct at that position to accelerate tail gas collection.

[0007] In some embodiments, both the first acquisition component and the second acquisition component further include a first mounting base installed on the tunnel sidewall. A wind guide hood is fixedly installed on the first mounting base, a hollow wind guide box is fixedly installed on the wind guide hood, and a negative pressure wind gathering box is fixedly installed on the hollow wind guide box. The surface of the negative pressure wind gathering box has a plurality of air inlets communicating with its inner cavity. Two mounting plates are symmetrically fixedly installed on the periphery of the negative pressure wind gathering box, and the wind pressure sensor and the concentration detector are respectively installed on the corresponding mounting plates.

[0008] In some embodiments, a first negative pressure collection pipe is fixedly installed on the top of the negative pressure gathering box, and a gathering hopper connected to it is installed at the bottom of the hollow air guide box. The gathering hopper and the first negative pressure collection pipe are connected by a second negative pressure collection pipe. The exhaust gas collection duct consists of a negative pressure gathering box, a first negative pressure collection pipe, a gathering hopper, a hollow air guide box, and a second negative pressure collection pipe.

[0009] In some embodiments, a first collection efficiency improvement tube communicating with the top position of one side of the air guide shroud is installed, and a second collection efficiency improvement tube communicating with the bottom position of the other side of the air guide shroud is installed. Both the first collection efficiency improvement tube and the second collection efficiency improvement tube are mounted on a first mounting base. The collection efficiency improvement air duct is composed of the first collection efficiency improvement tube, the air guide shroud, and the second collection efficiency improvement tube.

[0010] In some embodiments, the wind-driven impeller assembly includes a linkage shaft rotatably mounted between the air guide shroud, the hollow air guide box, and the negative pressure air gathering box. A first wind-driven wheel, a second wind-driven wheel, and a negative pressure impeller are respectively mounted on the linkage shaft. The first wind-driven wheel is disposed inside the air guide shroud, the second wind-driven wheel is disposed inside the hollow air guide box, and the negative pressure impeller is disposed inside the negative pressure air gathering box.

[0011] In some embodiments, the negative pressure extraction assembly includes a second mounting base installed at the top of the tunnel, on which a negative pressure extraction pipe is fixedly installed. Two extraction connecting pipes are symmetrically connected to the periphery of the negative pressure extraction pipe. The extraction connecting pipes are connected to a first negative pressure collection pipe at a corresponding position via flanges. The negative pressure extraction pipes are connected to each other via flanges. The negative pressure extraction duct is composed of several negative pressure extraction pipes and extraction connecting pipes.

[0012] In some embodiments, the return air duct consists of a first return air duct, a second return air duct, an exhaust air duct, and several third return air ducts. The first return air duct is used to connect to the air outlet of the detection and processing equipment. The second return air duct is connected to the corresponding two third return air ducts by flanges. Adjacent three third return air ducts are connected by flanges. A sealing component for sealing the end of the corresponding negative pressure exhaust pipe is fixedly installed on the second return air duct.

[0013] In some embodiments, the flow control mechanism further includes a flow control component; wherein the flow control component includes a third mounting base installed on the tunnel sidewall, a flow control box fixedly mounted on the third mounting base, a duct extending into the inner cavity of the flow control box being mounted on the top of the duct, a fixing sleeve being connected to the top of the duct, the fixing sleeve being mounted on a third return duct, a duct hole communicating with the duct being opened on the third return duct, and a solenoid valve being mounted on the duct.

[0014] In some embodiments, a partition plate sleeved on the air duct is slidably disposed inside the flow direction control box; an elastic element connected to the partition plate is disposed at the top of the flow direction control box; a current-gathering magnetic plate is slidably disposed inside the flow direction control box; an electromagnet repelling the current-gathering magnetic plate is installed at the bottom of the flow direction control box; a transmission gear plate is fixed between the current-gathering magnetic plate and the partition plate; a limiting ring located above the current-gathering magnetic plate is fixed inside the flow direction control box; an internally threaded tube passing through both sides of the internally threaded tube is rotatably disposed inside the flow direction control box; a transmission gear meshing with the transmission gear plate is installed on the circumferential side of the internally threaded tube; a first sealed tube communicating with its inner cavity is fixed on one side of the flow direction control box; a second sealed tube communicating with its inner cavity is fixed on the other side of the flow direction control box; the first sealed tube and the second sealed tube are coaxially disposed.

[0015] In some embodiments, the duct connection assembly includes a duct connecting pipe that slides between a first sealed pipe and a second sealed pipe. The duct connecting pipe has a first flow port and a second flow port on its peripheral side. A first connector is installed at the end of the duct connecting pipe near the first flow port, and a second connector is installed at the end of the duct connecting pipe near the second flow port. A vertical support plate is fixed on the peripheral side of the duct connecting pipe, and a horizontal screw that engages with the internal thread of the pipe is fixed on the vertical support plate.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention arranges several collection and monitoring mechanisms at equal intervals in the tunnel. Each collection and monitoring mechanism is equipped with two collection points, that is, the first collection component and the second collection component on each collection and monitoring mechanism correspond to one collection point, so as to meet the dual exhaust gas collection in a relatively wide tunnel. When the wind pressure sensor and concentration detector detect that the tunnel is in a low wind pressure and low concentration or a high wind pressure and low concentration, the controller controls the exhaust fan to reduce the operating power. At this time, the air at each collection point in the tunnel is under negative pressure and enters the first negative pressure collection pipe through the corresponding negative pressure wind gathering box, wind gathering hopper and second negative pressure collection pipe respectively. Then, it flows upward from the first negative pressure collection pipe and converges into the negative pressure exhaust duct and is transported to the detection and processing equipment. In this way, the air collection at each collection point in the tunnel can be achieved by the exhaust fan operating at low power, thereby reducing the purpose of power consumption.

[0017] 2. By arranging air-gathering hoppers and air inlets with different directions, this invention can achieve multi-directional air collection at the corresponding collection points of the first or second collection components, thereby improving the air collection effect at the collection points. When the exhaust gas collection duct is in a negative pressure environment, the air at the collection point in the tunnel enters the first negative pressure collection pipe directly through the negative pressure air-gathering box. On the other hand, the air is gathered into the first negative pressure collection pipe through the air-gathering hopper and the second negative pressure collection pipe. The air entering the first negative pressure collection pipe is then gathered into the negative pressure exhaust duct through the negative pressure exhaust component and transported to the detection and processing equipment.

[0018] 3. In this invention, when the airflow passes through the collection and efficiency improvement duct, the first wind-driven wheel inside the air guide hood rotates under the action of the airflow. Under the action of the linkage shaft, it drives the second wind-driven wheel and the negative pressure impeller to rotate synchronously. During the rotation of the negative pressure impeller, the air at the collection point is accelerated to enter the negative pressure air-gathering box and flows upward along the first negative pressure collection pipe to the negative pressure exhaust duct. At the same time, during the rotation of the second wind-driven wheel, the air at the collection point is accelerated to enter the first negative pressure collection pipe along the air-gathering bucket, the hollow air guide box and the second negative pressure collection pipe to achieve convergence. Thus, the air at the collection point from different directions is accelerated to enter the negative pressure exhaust duct, which not only improves the collection efficiency of the exhaust gas at the collection point but also improves the exhaust gas collection effect.

[0019] 4. When the wind pressure sensor and concentration detector at one or more collection points detect low wind pressure and high concentration inside the tunnel, indicating a traffic jam, the controller controls the exhaust fan to operate at normal or low power. During the operation of the exhaust fan, the airflow in the return duct is controlled to enter the first or second collection efficiency enhancement pipe along the duct connection assembly at these collection points. This drives the rotation of the wind-driven impeller assembly at these collection points, accelerating the air from these collection points to enter the negative pressure exhaust pipe along the exhaust gas collection duct. The exhaust fan then transports the collected vehicle exhaust gas to the detection and processing equipment to complete the detection and purification of the collected gas. By reducing the fan power during traffic jams to ensure exhaust gas collection efficiency, the invention achieves the goal of reducing power consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent control system for tunnel ventilation fans based on exhaust gas collection in this invention.

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of the local structure at point A in the middle.

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Top view of the structure.

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of the local structure at point B.

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A structural side view.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the data acquisition and monitoring mechanism in this invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the first or second acquisition component in this invention.

[0028] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of the local structure at point C.

[0029] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first acquisition component or the second acquisition component in this invention.

[0030] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A structural diagram from another angle.

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the flow control mechanism in this invention.

[0032] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the flow direction control component in this invention.

[0033] Figure 13 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the flow direction control component in this invention.

[0034] Figure 14 This is another structural cross-sectional view of the flow direction control component in this invention.

[0035] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air duct docking assembly in this invention.

[0036] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0037] 1-Data acquisition and monitoring mechanism; 2-First data acquisition component; 3-Second data acquisition component; 4-Flow direction control mechanism; 5-Duct connection component; 6-Negative pressure extraction component; 7-Wind pressure sensor; 8-Concentration detector; 9-First mounting base; 10-Air guide hood; 11-Hollow air guide box; 12-Negative pressure air gathering box; 13-Air inlet; 14-Mounting plate; 15-First negative pressure data acquisition pipe; 16-Air gathering hopper; 17-Second negative pressure data acquisition pipe; 18-First data acquisition efficiency enhancement pipe; 19-Second data acquisition efficiency enhancement pipe; 20-Linkage rotating shaft; 21-First wind drive wheel; 22-Second wind drive wheel; 23-Negative pressure impeller; 24-Second mounting base; 25-Negative pressure extraction pipe; 26-Extraction connection pipe. 27-First return air duct, 28-Second return air duct, 29-Exhaust air duct, 30-Third return air duct, 31-Sealing component, 32-Flow direction control assembly, 33-Third mounting base, 34-Flow direction control box, 35-Guide duct, 36-Fixing sleeve, 37-Solenoid valve, 38-Divider plate, 39-Elastic element, 40-Focusing magnetic plate, 41-Transmission gear plate, 42-Limiting ring, 43-Internal threaded pipe, 44-Transmission gear, 45-First sealed pipe, 46-Second sealed pipe, 47-Air duct connecting pipe, 48-First flow port, 49-Second flow port, 50-First connector, 51-Second connector, 52-Vertical support plate, 53-Horizontal screw. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] For a specific implementation example, please refer to Implementation Example 1. Figure 1-15 This invention relates to a tunnel air pollution prevention control system based on exhaust gas collection and monitoring, comprising a collection and monitoring unit 1, a return air duct, a flow direction control unit 4, and a negative pressure exhaust air duct; the collection and monitoring unit 1 is installed at equal intervals in the tunnel, and the collection and monitoring unit 1 includes a first collection component 2 and a second collection component 3 symmetrically arranged (it should be noted that...). Figure 6 The above is just one arrangement of the data collection and monitoring agency 1. Another arrangement of the data collection and monitoring agency 1 is the same as... Figure 6 The only difference is that... Figure 6 The first acquisition component 2 is named the second acquisition component 3, and the second acquisition component 3 is named the first acquisition component 2, as shown in the example. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the structures of the various data acquisition and monitoring units 1 from left to right are identical, except for the arrangement of the first acquisition component 2 and the second acquisition component 3 on each unit 1. Specifically, the first acquisition component 2 on the first acquisition and monitoring unit 1 on the left is located at the bottom, and the second acquisition component 3 on the first acquisition and monitoring unit 1 on the left is located at the top. Similarly, the second acquisition component 3 on the second acquisition and monitoring unit 1 on the left is located at the bottom, and the first acquisition component 2 on the second acquisition and monitoring unit 1 on the left is located at the top. In other words, for... Figure 3 The acquisition components in the bottom row are arranged from left to right as follows: First acquisition component 2, Second acquisition component 3, First acquisition component 2, Second acquisition component 3… Second acquisition component 3; For Figure 3 The collection components in the upper row are arranged sequentially from left to right as follows: second collection component 3, first collection component 2, second collection component 3, first collection component 2…first collection component 2. Both first collection component 2 and second collection component 3 include a collection efficiency improvement duct, an exhaust gas collection duct, and a wind-driven impeller assembly. The wind-driven impeller assembly is rotatably positioned between the collection efficiency improvement duct and the exhaust gas collection duct. When the wind-driven impeller assembly rotates, it improves the collection efficiency of vehicle exhaust gas from the exhaust gas collection duct within the tunnel.

[0040] The air inlet of the return air duct is connected to the air outlet of the detection and processing equipment outside the tunnel. The return air duct is arranged in a "U" shape in the tunnel. It should be noted that the detection and processing equipment in this embodiment is a conventional exhaust gas detection and purification equipment in the prior art, and the technology is already very mature. Therefore, the internal structure of the detection and processing equipment will not be described in detail here. The vehicle exhaust gas collected inside the tunnel is purified after detection. The gas discharged after purification flows back into the return air duct through the air outlet.

[0041] Each pair of data acquisition and monitoring units 1 corresponds to a set of flow direction control units 4. The flow direction control unit 4 is connected to the return air duct and includes a horizontally sliding air duct docking assembly 5; for example Figure 3 As shown, a set of flow control mechanisms 4 (i.e., two symmetrically arranged flow control mechanisms 4) is arranged between the first and second data acquisition and monitoring units 1 from left to right. A set of flow control mechanisms 4 is arranged between the third and fourth data acquisition and monitoring units 1. Following this arrangement, a set of flow control mechanisms 4 is also arranged between the last two data acquisition and monitoring units 1.

[0042] The negative pressure exhaust duct is assembled from several negative pressure exhaust components 6 (connected by flanges for easy disassembly and assembly). The negative pressure exhaust components 6 are connected to two tail gas collection ducts at corresponding positions (i.e., the negative pressure exhaust components 6 are connected to the tail gas collection ducts on the first collection component 2 and the second collection component 3 on both sides). The negative pressure exhaust duct is connected to the air inlet of the exhaust fan at the top of the tunnel. The exhaust fan is used to transport the collected tail gas to the detection and processing equipment. During the operation of the exhaust fan, the air inside each tail gas collection duct on both sides is extracted through the negative pressure exhaust duct, so that a negative pressure environment is formed inside each tail gas collection duct. This allows the air at each collection point in the tunnel to be drawn into the tail gas collection duct, and then from the tail gas collection duct into the negative pressure exhaust duct and transported to the detection and processing equipment to complete the detection and purification of the collected gas. When the tail gas concentration in the tunnel is detected to be low, the exhaust fan is controlled to reduce its operating power to save energy.

[0043] Both the first acquisition component 2 and the second acquisition component 3 also include a wind pressure sensor 7 and a concentration detector 8. When a low wind pressure and high concentration are detected at a certain location (indicating that the tunnel is in a peak traffic jam period), the control air duct docking component 5 is connected to the acquisition efficiency-enhancing air duct at that location to accelerate exhaust gas acquisition. At this time, the air acquisition at the acquisition point can be accelerated without changing the operating power of the exhaust fan, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the concentration of vehicle exhaust gas at the acquisition point. That is, under the condition that the exhaust fan is operating at normal power or low power, the efficiency of vehicle exhaust gas acquisition in the tunnel can be improved.

[0044] In some implementation schemes, such as Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, both the first acquisition component 2 and the second acquisition component 3 further include a first mounting base 9 installed on the tunnel sidewall. A wind guide hood 10 is fixedly installed on the first mounting base 9. A hollow wind guide box 11 is fixedly installed on the wind guide hood 10. A negative pressure wind gathering box 12 is fixedly installed on the hollow wind guide box 11. Several air inlets 13 communicating with its inner cavity are opened on the surface of the negative pressure wind gathering box 12. Two mounting plates 14 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the periphery of the negative pressure wind gathering box 12. The wind pressure sensor 7 and the concentration detector 8 are respectively installed on the corresponding mounting plates 14. In this embodiment, the wind pressure sensor 7 and the concentration detector 8 are both commonly used detection devices. The wind pressure sensor 7 is used to detect the wind pressure in the tunnel, while the concentration detector 8 (i.e., the concentration sensor) is used to detect the exhaust gas concentration in the tunnel.

[0045] In some implementation schemes, such as Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, a first negative pressure collection pipe 15 is fixedly installed on the top of the negative pressure air collecting box 12, and an air collecting hopper 16 connected to it is installed at the bottom of the hollow air guide box 11. The air collecting hopper 16 and the first negative pressure collection pipe 15 are connected by a second negative pressure collection pipe 17. The exhaust gas collection duct consists of the negative pressure air collecting box 12, the first negative pressure collection pipe 15, the air collecting hopper 16, the hollow air guide box 11, and the second negative pressure collection pipe 17. By arranging the air collecting hoppers 16 and the air inlets 13 with different directions, corresponding air can be collected from the first collection component 2 or the second collection component 3. Multi-directional air collection at the collection point can improve the air collection effect at the collection point. When the exhaust gas collection duct is in a negative pressure environment, the air at the collection point in the tunnel enters the first negative pressure collection pipe 15 directly through the negative pressure air gathering box 12. On the other hand, the air is gathered into the first negative pressure collection pipe 15 through the air gathering hopper 16 and the second negative pressure collection pipe 17. The air entering the first negative pressure collection pipe 15 is then gathered into the negative pressure exhaust duct through the negative pressure exhaust assembly 6 and transported to the detection and processing equipment.

[0046] Several data collection and monitoring units 1 are arranged at equal intervals inside the tunnel. Each data collection and monitoring unit 1 has two data collection points, that is, the first data collection component 2 and the second data collection component 3 on each data collection and monitoring unit 1 correspond to one data collection point, so as to meet the dual exhaust gas collection in a wide tunnel (i.e., dual exhaust gas collection in a multi-lane tunnel). When the wind pressure sensor 7 and the concentration detector 8 detect that the wind pressure and concentration inside the tunnel are low, that is, when no vehicles are passing through the tunnel (generally at night), the controller controls the exhaust fan to reduce the operating power. At this time, the air at each data collection point inside the tunnel is under negative pressure and enters the first negative pressure collection pipe 15 through the corresponding negative pressure air gathering box 12, air gathering hopper 16 and second negative pressure collection pipe 17 respectively. Then, it flows upward from the first negative pressure collection pipe 15 and converges into the negative pressure exhaust duct and is transported to the detection and processing equipment. In this way, the air collection at each data collection point inside the tunnel can be achieved by the low-power operation of the exhaust fan, thereby reducing the power consumption.

[0047] When the wind pressure sensor 7 and concentration detector 8 detect that the tunnel is under high wind pressure and low concentration, i.e., when the tunnel is under smooth traffic (no traffic jams and low vehicle density), the controller controls the exhaust fan to reduce its operating power. At this time, the air at each sampling point inside the tunnel, under negative pressure, enters the first negative pressure sampling pipe 15 through the corresponding negative pressure air collecting box 12, air collecting hopper 16, and second negative pressure sampling pipe 17. Then, it flows upward from the first negative pressure sampling pipe 15 and converges into the negative pressure exhaust duct and is transported to the detection and processing equipment. Due to the high speed of the cars driving in the tunnel, high wind pressure is generated, and the high airflow generated by the high wind pressure enters the air collecting hopper 16 along the direction of the car's travel. The airflow entering the wind-gathering hopper 16 drives the wind-driven impeller assembly to rotate, thereby accelerating the air at the collection point to enter the first negative pressure collection pipe 15 through the air inlet 13 and the negative pressure wind-gathering box 12. At the same time, the airflow entering the wind-gathering hopper 16 enters the first negative pressure collection pipe 15 along the second negative pressure collection pipe 17. In this way, air from multiple directions at the collection point can be accelerated and collected into the first negative pressure collection pipe 15, and then accelerated and collected into the negative pressure exhaust duct and transported to the detection and processing equipment. Thus, the air collection at each collection point in the tunnel can be accelerated by the low-power exhaust fan, achieving the purpose of reducing power consumption and improving exhaust gas collection efficiency.

[0048] Specific embodiment two, based on specific embodiment one, such as Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, a first collection efficiency improvement pipe 18 connected to the top of one side of the air guide shroud 10 is installed, and a second collection efficiency improvement pipe 19 connected to the bottom of the other side of the air guide shroud 10 is installed. Both the first collection efficiency improvement pipe 18 and the second collection efficiency improvement pipe 19 are installed on the first mounting base 9. The collection efficiency improvement air duct is composed of the first collection efficiency improvement pipe 18, the air guide shroud 10 and the second collection efficiency improvement pipe 19. When the airflow flows inside the collection efficiency improvement air duct, it will drive the wind-driven impeller assembly to rotate, thereby accelerating the air (air mixed with vehicle exhaust) at the collection point in the tunnel into the exhaust gas collection air duct. This achieves the accelerated entry of the air at the collection point into the negative pressure exhaust air duct, which is then transported to the detection and processing equipment under the action of the exhaust fan, thereby greatly improving the collection efficiency of the air at the collection point in the tunnel.

[0049] In some implementation schemes, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the wind-driven impeller assembly includes a linkage shaft 20 (rotatably connected by bearings to reduce the resistance of the entire wind-driven impeller assembly during rotation) rotatably mounted between the air guide shroud 10, the hollow air guide box 11, and the negative pressure air collection box 12. A first wind-driven wheel 21, a second wind-driven wheel 22, and a negative pressure impeller 23 are respectively mounted on the linkage shaft 20. (It should be noted that in this embodiment, the first wind-driven wheel 21, the second wind-driven wheel 22, and the negative pressure impeller 23 are all made of lightweight materials, allowing the airflow flowing in the efficiency-enhancing duct to easily drive the entire wind-driven impeller assembly to rotate.) The first wind-driven wheel 21 is located inside the air guide shroud 10, the second wind-driven wheel 22 is located inside the hollow air guide box 11, and the negative pressure impeller 23 is located inside the negative pressure air collection box 12. Inside the air collecting box 12, when the airflow passes through the collection and efficiency improvement air duct, the first wind drive wheel 21 inside the air guide shroud 10 rotates under the action of the airflow. Under the action of the linkage shaft 20, it drives the second wind drive wheel 22 and the negative pressure impeller 23 to rotate synchronously. During the rotation of the negative pressure impeller 23, the air at the collection point is accelerated to enter the interior of the negative pressure air collecting box 12 and flows upward along the first negative pressure collection pipe 15 to the negative pressure exhaust air duct. At the same time, during the rotation of the second wind drive wheel 22, the air at the collection point is accelerated to enter the first negative pressure collection pipe 15 along the air collecting hopper 16, the hollow air guide box 11 and the second negative pressure collection pipe 17 to achieve convergence. Thus, the air at the collection point from different directions is accelerated to enter the negative pressure exhaust air duct.

[0050] In some implementation schemes, such as Figure 1 and Figure 6As shown, the negative pressure extraction assembly 6 includes a second mounting base 24 installed at the top of the tunnel (specifically, a support frame is arranged at the top of the tunnel according to installation needs, and the second mounting base 24 on each negative pressure extraction assembly 6 is connected to the support frame by fasteners). A negative pressure extraction pipe 25 is fixedly installed on the second mounting base 24. Two extraction connecting pipes 26 are symmetrically connected to the periphery of the negative pressure extraction pipe 25. The extraction connecting pipes 26 are connected to the first negative pressure collection pipe 15 at the corresponding position by flanges. Each negative pressure extraction pipe 25 is connected to the others by flanges. The negative pressure extraction duct consists of several negative pressure extraction pipes 25 and extraction connecting pipes. The system consists of pipes 26. During the operation of the exhaust fan, the air inside each negative pressure exhaust pipe 25 is extracted and transported to the detection and processing equipment. At this time, a negative pressure is formed at the connection port between each negative pressure exhaust pipe 25 and the corresponding exhaust pipe 26, which causes the air inside each exhaust pipe 26 to be drawn into the negative pressure exhaust pipe 25. Thus, the air (mixed with automobile exhaust) at each collection point can be negatively extracted into the negative pressure exhaust pipe 25 through each exhaust gas collection duct. The collected automobile exhaust is then transported to the detection and processing equipment by the exhaust fan to complete the detection and purification of the collected gas.

[0051] In some implementation schemes, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the return air duct consists of a first return air duct 27, a second return air duct 28, an exhaust air duct 29, and several third return air ducts 30. The first return air duct 27 is used to connect to the air outlet of the testing and processing equipment. The second return air duct 28 is connected to the corresponding two third return air ducts 30 through flanges. Adjacent third return air ducts 30 are connected through flanges. A sealing element 31 for sealing the end of the corresponding negative pressure exhaust pipe 25 is fixedly installed on the second return air duct 28. In the initial state, Figure 3 The air duct connection components 5 on each flow control mechanism 4 in the upper and middle rows are all tightly connected to the second collection efficiency improvement pipe 19 on the first collection component 2 on its right. The air duct connection components 5 on each flow control mechanism 4 in the lower row are all tightly connected to the first collection efficiency improvement pipe 18 on the first collection component 2 on its left. When the wind pressure sensor 7 and concentration detector 8 at one or more collection points detect that the tunnel is in a state of low wind pressure and high concentration, that is, when the tunnel is in a state of congestion, the controller controls the exhaust fan to operate at normal power (or low power). During the operation of the exhaust fan, the airflow in the return air duct is controlled to enter the first collection efficiency improvement pipe 18 or the second collection efficiency improvement pipe 19 along the air duct connection components 5 at these collection points, thereby driving the rotation of the wind drive impeller group at these collection points to accelerate the air at these collection points to enter the negative pressure exhaust pipe 25 along the exhaust gas collection air duct. The collected vehicle exhaust gas is then transported to the detection and processing equipment by the action of the exhaust fan to complete the detection and purification of the collected gas.

[0052] Specific embodiment three, based on specific embodiment two, such as Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the flow control mechanism 4 also includes a flow control component 32; wherein, the flow control component 32 includes a third mounting base 33 installed on the tunnel sidewall, a flow control box 34 fixedly installed on the third mounting base 33, a guide pipe 35 extending into its inner cavity installed on the top of the flow control box 34, a fixing sleeve 36 connected to the top of the guide pipe 35, the fixing sleeve 36 installed on the third return air pipe 30, a guide hole communicating with the guide pipe 35 is opened on the third return air pipe 30, and a solenoid valve 37 is installed on the guide pipe 35. When the solenoid valve 37 is opened, the gas in the third return air pipe 30 can enter the guide pipe 35 along the guide hole, and then enter the inner cavity of the flow control box 34 through the guide pipe 35.

[0053] In some implementation schemes, such as Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, a partition plate 38 is slidably installed inside the flow control box 34 and sleeved on the air guide duct 35. The partition plate 38 ensures that the gas entering the inner cavity of the flow control box 34 is completely below it. An elastic element 39 connected to the partition plate 38 is installed at the top of the flow control box 34. A current-gathering magnetic plate 40 is slidably installed inside the flow control box 34. An electromagnet repelling the current-gathering magnetic plate 40 is installed at the bottom of the flow control box 34. A transmission gear plate 41 is fixed between the current-gathering magnetic plate 40 and the partition plate 38. A limiting ring 42 is fixed inside the flow control box 34 above the current-gathering magnetic plate 40. An internally threaded pipe 43 is rotatably installed inside the flow control box 34, penetrating both sides. A transmission gear 44 meshing with the transmission gear plate 41 is installed on the circumferential side of the internally threaded pipe 43. A first sealed tube 45 connected to the inner cavity of the control box 34 is fixed to one side, and a second sealed tube 46 connected to the inner cavity of the control box 34 is fixed to the other side. The first sealed tube 45 and the second sealed tube 46 are coaxially arranged. In the initial state, the current-gathering magnetic plate 40 is abutting against the bottom of the control box 34. At this time, the elastic element 39 is in a compressed state. When the electromagnet at the bottom of the control box 34 is energized, the current-gathering magnetic plate 40 is subjected to a strong magnetic repulsion force and moves upward. The partition plate 38, which moves upward synchronously with the current-gathering magnetic plate 40, gradually compresses the elastic element 39 until the current-gathering magnetic plate 40 presses against the bottom of the limiting ring 42. During this process, the transmission gear plate 41, which moves upward synchronously with the current-gathering magnetic plate 40, drives the transmission gear 44 to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the internal thread tube 43.

[0054] In some implementation schemes, such as Figure 11 and Figure 15As shown, the duct connection assembly 5 includes a duct connecting pipe 47 that slides between the first sealed pipe 45 and the second sealed pipe 46. The duct connecting pipe 47 has a first flow port 48 and a second flow port 49 on its peripheral side. A first connector 50 is installed at the end of the duct connecting pipe 47 near the first flow port 48, and a second connector 51 is installed at the end of the duct connecting pipe 47 near the second flow port 49. A vertical support plate 52 is fixed to the peripheral side of the duct connecting pipe 47, and a horizontal screw 53 that is threaded into the internally threaded pipe 43 is fixed on the vertical support plate 52. In the initial state... Figure 3 The second connectors 51 on the duct connection components 5 corresponding to each flow control mechanism 4 in the upper and middle rows are all tightly connected to the second collection efficiency tube 19 on the first collection component 2 on its right. The second connectors 51 on the duct connection components 5 corresponding to each flow control mechanism 4 in the lower row are all tightly connected to the first collection efficiency tube 18 on the first collection component 2 on its left. At this time, the first flow port 48 on the duct connection pipe 47 is located inside the flow control box 34, while the second flow port 49 is located inside the second sealed pipe 46 and is blocked. When the wind pressure sensor 7 and concentration detector 8 at one or more collection points detect that the tunnel is in a state of low wind pressure and high concentration, that is, when the tunnel is in a state of congestion, the controller controls the exhaust fan to operate at normal power and controls the opening of the solenoid valves 37 at these collection points. During the operation of the exhaust fan... The airflow in the return air duct enters the air guide pipe 35 through the air guide holes at these collection points, and then enters the inner cavity of the control box 34 through the air guide pipe 35. The airflow in the inner cavity of the control box 34 enters the air duct connecting pipe 47 through the first flow port 48, and then enters the first collection efficiency improvement pipe 18 or the second collection efficiency improvement pipe 19 through the air duct connecting pipe 47. This drives the rotation of the wind-driven impeller assembly at these collection points to accelerate the air at these collection points to enter the negative pressure exhaust pipe 25 along the exhaust gas collection air duct. The collected automobile exhaust gas is then transported to the detection and processing equipment by the exhaust fan to complete the detection and purification of the collected gas. When the wind pressure sensor 7 and the concentration detector 8 at the collection point detect a change from low wind pressure and high concentration to low wind pressure and low concentration or high wind pressure and low concentration, the control system controls the closing of the solenoid valve 37 at that collection point.

[0055] When the wind pressure sensor 7 and concentration detector 8 detect that one or more sampling points on the left side of the upper row of flow control mechanisms 4 (i.e., the location of the left-side flow control mechanism 4) are at low wind pressure and high concentration, or when one or more sampling points on the right side of the lower row of flow control mechanisms 4 (i.e., the location of the right-side flow control mechanism 4) are at low wind pressure and high concentration, the control system controls the electromagnets at these sampling points to be energized. The current-gathering magnetic plate 40 is subjected to a strong magnetic repulsive force and moves upward to press against the bottom of the limiting ring 42. The upward-moving transmission gear plate 41 drives the transmission gear. 44 rotates, thereby driving the internal threaded tube 43 to rotate. Under the threaded engagement of the internal threaded tube 43 and the horizontal screw 53, the air duct connecting pipe 47 at these collection points is driven to move until the first connecting joint 50 on the upper air duct connecting assembly 5 is tightly inserted with the first collection efficiency improvement tube 18 on the left, or the first connecting joint 50 on the lower air duct connecting assembly 5 is tightly inserted with the second collection efficiency improvement tube 19 on the right. At this time, the second flow port 49 on the air duct connecting pipe 47 is located inside the flow control box 34, while the first flow port 48 is blocked inside the first sealed tube 45.

[0056] Subsequently, the controller controls the exhaust fan to operate at normal power and controls the opening of the solenoid valves 37 at these collection points. During the operation of the exhaust fan, the airflow in the return air duct enters the air guide pipe 35 along the air guide holes at these collection points, and then enters the inner cavity of the control box 34 through the air guide pipe 35. The airflow in the inner cavity of the control box 34 enters the air duct connecting pipe 47 along the second flow port 49, and then enters the first collection efficiency improvement pipe 18 or the second collection efficiency improvement pipe 19 through the air duct connecting pipe 47, thereby driving the rotation of the wind drive impeller assembly at these collection points to accelerate the air at these collection points to enter the exhaust gas collection air duct. The collected vehicle exhaust gas is transported to the detection and processing equipment through the negative pressure extraction pipe 25 and the action of the exhaust fan to complete the detection and purification of the collected gas. When the wind pressure sensor 7 and concentration detector 8 at the collection point detect that the low wind pressure and high concentration change to low wind pressure and low concentration or high wind pressure and low concentration, the control system controls the electromagnet at that position to de-energize and demagnetize, so that the current-gathering magnetic plate 40 moves down and presses against the bottom of the flow control box 34 again, and the first flow port 48 moves back to the inside of the flow control box 34. That is, the air duct docking component 5 at the collection point returns to the initial position, and then the control system closes the solenoid valve 37 at the collection point.

[0057] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0058] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for using a tunnel air pollution prevention control system based on exhaust gas collection and monitoring, characterized in that, include: A data acquisition and monitoring mechanism is installed at equal intervals in the tunnel. The data acquisition and monitoring mechanism includes a first data acquisition component and a second data acquisition component arranged symmetrically. The first data acquisition component and the second data acquisition component each include a data acquisition and efficiency improvement air duct, an exhaust gas data acquisition air duct, and a wind-driven impeller assembly. The wind-driven impeller assembly is rotatably arranged between the data acquisition and efficiency improvement air duct and the exhaust gas data acquisition air duct. The return air duct is connected to the air outlet of the detection and processing equipment outside the tunnel. The return air duct is arranged in a "U" shape in the tunnel and consists of a first return air pipe, a second return air pipe, an exhaust air pipe and several third return air pipes. A flow control mechanism is provided, with each pair of data acquisition and monitoring units corresponding to a set of flow control mechanisms. The flow control mechanism is connected to the return air duct and includes a horizontally sliding air duct docking assembly. The negative pressure exhaust duct is assembled from several negative pressure exhaust components. The negative pressure exhaust components are connected to two exhaust gas collection ducts at corresponding positions. The negative pressure exhaust duct is connected to the exhaust fan inlet at the top of the tunnel. The exhaust fan is used to transport the collected exhaust gas to the detection and processing equipment. Both the first and second acquisition components also include a wind pressure sensor and a concentration detector. When low wind pressure and high concentration are detected at a certain location, the control duct docking component is connected to the acquisition efficiency-enhancing duct at that location to accelerate exhaust gas acquisition. The flow control mechanism further includes a flow control component, which includes a third mounting base installed on the tunnel sidewall. A flow control box is fixedly installed on the third mounting base. A duct extending into the inner cavity of the flow control box is installed on the top of the duct. A fixing sleeve is connected to the top of the duct. The fixing sleeve is installed on a third return duct. A duct hole communicating with the duct is opened on the third return duct. A solenoid valve is installed on the duct. The flow direction control box has a partition plate that is sleeved on the air duct inside. The top of the flow direction control box has an elastic element connected to the partition plate. The flow direction control box has a current-gathering magnetic plate that is slidably installed inside. The bottom of the flow direction control box has an electromagnet that is magnetically repelled by the current-gathering magnetic plate. A transmission gear plate is fixed between the current-gathering magnetic plate and the partition plate. The flow direction control box has a limiting ring fixed inside, located above the current-gathering magnetic plate. The flow direction control box has an internally threaded tube that passes through both sides. The internally threaded tube has a transmission gear that meshes with the transmission gear plate installed on its peripheral side. The flow direction control box has a first sealed tube that communicates with its inner cavity fixed on one side and a second sealed tube that communicates with its inner cavity fixed on the other side. The first sealed tube and the second sealed tube are coaxially arranged. The air duct docking assembly includes an air duct connecting pipe that slides between a first sealed pipe and a second sealed pipe. The air duct connecting pipe has a first flow port and a second flow port on its peripheral side. A first connector is installed at the end of the air duct connecting pipe near the first flow port, and a second connector is installed at the end of the air duct connecting pipe near the second flow port. A vertical support plate is fixed on the peripheral side of the air duct connecting pipe, and a horizontal screw that mates with the internal thread of the pipe is fixed on the vertical support plate.

2. The method of using a tunnel air pollution prevention control system based on exhaust gas collection and monitoring as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first and second acquisition components further include a first mounting base installed on the tunnel sidewall. A wind guide hood is fixedly installed on the first mounting base. A hollow wind guide box is fixedly installed on the wind guide hood. A negative pressure wind gathering box is fixedly installed on the hollow wind guide box. Several air inlets communicating with its inner cavity are opened on the surface of the negative pressure wind gathering box. Two mounting plates are symmetrically fixedly installed on the periphery of the negative pressure wind gathering box. The wind pressure sensor and the concentration detector are respectively installed on the corresponding mounting plates.

3. The method for using a tunnel air pollution prevention control system based on exhaust gas collection and monitoring as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the negative pressure gathering box is fixedly installed with a first negative pressure collection pipe, and the bottom of the hollow air guide box is installed with a gathering hopper connected to it. The gathering hopper and the first negative pressure collection pipe are connected by a second negative pressure collection pipe. The exhaust gas collection duct is composed of a negative pressure gathering box, a first negative pressure collection pipe, a gathering hopper, a hollow air guide box, and a second negative pressure collection pipe.

4. The method of using a tunnel air pollution prevention control system based on exhaust gas collection and monitoring as described in claim 3, characterized in that, A first collection efficiency improvement tube connected to the top of one side of the air guide shroud is installed, and a second collection efficiency improvement tube connected to the bottom of the other side of the air guide shroud is installed. Both the first and second collection efficiency improvement tubes are mounted on a first mounting base. The collection efficiency improvement air duct is composed of the first collection efficiency improvement tube, the air guide shroud, and the second collection efficiency improvement tube.

5. The method of using a tunnel air pollution prevention control system based on exhaust gas collection and monitoring as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The wind-driven impeller assembly includes a linkage shaft rotatably mounted between the air guide shroud, the hollow air guide box, and the negative pressure air gathering box. A first wind-driven wheel, a second wind-driven wheel, and a negative pressure impeller are respectively mounted on the linkage shaft. The first wind-driven wheel is located inside the air guide shroud, the second wind-driven wheel is located inside the hollow air guide box, and the negative pressure impeller is located inside the negative pressure air gathering box.

6. The method of using a tunnel air pollution prevention control system based on exhaust gas collection and monitoring as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The negative pressure extraction assembly includes a second mounting base installed at the top of the tunnel. A negative pressure extraction pipe is fixedly installed on the second mounting base. Two extraction connecting pipes are symmetrically connected to the periphery of the negative pressure extraction pipe. The extraction connecting pipes are connected to the first negative pressure collection pipe at the corresponding position through flanges. All negative pressure extraction pipes are connected to each other through flanges. The negative pressure extraction duct is composed of several negative pressure extraction pipes and extraction connecting pipes.

7. The method of using a tunnel air pollution prevention control system based on exhaust gas collection and monitoring as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The first return air duct is used to connect to the air outlet of the testing and processing equipment. The second return air duct is connected to the corresponding two third return air ducts through a flange. The two adjacent third return air ducts are connected through a flange. A sealing component for sealing the end of the corresponding negative pressure exhaust pipe is fixedly installed on the second return air duct.

Images