Photovoltaic-photothermal integrated device coupled air source heat pump control system and method

Abstract

The application provides a photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated device coupled air source heat pump control system and method, which comprises a photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated device, an air source heat pump, a heat storage water tank, a control system, a water circulation system and a sensor acquisition system. The sensor acquisition system comprises a solar radiation sensor, an outlet water temperature sensor, an environmental temperature sensor, a hot water tank temperature sensor and a return water temperature sensor. The control system is used for collecting and determining a corresponding control strategy according to the environmental temperature, the solar radiation intensity, the heat storage water tank water temperature, the photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated device outlet water temperature and the user side water circulation system return water temperature. The air source heat pump is controlled to operate based on the air source heat pump starting strategy in the control strategy, so that the reliability and utilization of the heat pump control system are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat pump control, and in particular to a control system and method for a photovoltaic-thermal integrated device coupled with an air source heat pump. Background Technology

[0002] The use of renewable energy has received widespread attention. In the residential sector, hot water demand accounts for a significant proportion of energy consumption. While traditional gas and electric water heaters are technologically mature, they suffer from high carbon emissions and low energy efficiency.

[0003] Air source heat pumps (ASHPs), as a highly efficient heating technology, extract heat from ambient air and exhibit high energy efficiency. However, their performance deteriorates significantly in cold climates. Low temperatures reduce the heat exchange temperature difference on the evaporator side, decreasing heating capacity and the coefficient of performance (COP), and may even lead to frosting, requiring additional energy for defrosting. To maintain heating capacity, auxiliary electric heating is typically required, further reducing the overall system efficiency and limiting the widespread application of air source heat pumps in cold regions.

[0004] Photovoltaic-thermal integrated devices (PVT) combine photovoltaic power generation and heat harvesting functions, effectively improving energy efficiency through comprehensive utilization of solar energy. To overcome the performance limitations of air source heat pumps in cold climates, air source heat pumps are combined with solar energy technology.

[0005] While research on PVT and air-source heat pump water heating systems has yielded some results, several limitations remain. In terms of system structure, PVT and air-source heat pumps lack compatibility, making it impossible to dynamically acquire various control parameters. Regarding control strategies, many rely on simple temperature thresholds or timed control, which cannot adapt to dynamic changes in solar radiation and ambient temperature, hindering the achievement of optimal energy efficiency for coordinated system operation. This results in low reliability and utilization of heat pump control.

[0006] Therefore, in order to solve the problems of low reliability and low utilization rate of heat pump control systems in the existing technology, this solution is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, this invention innovatively proposes a photovoltaic-thermal integrated device coupled with an air source heat pump control system and method, which effectively solves the problem of low reliability and utilization rate of heat pump control systems caused by the prior art, and effectively improves the reliability and utilization rate of heat pump control systems.

[0008] The first aspect of this invention provides a photovoltaic-thermal integrated device coupled with an air-source heat pump control system, comprising: a photovoltaic-thermal integrated device, an air-source heat pump, a hot water storage tank, a control system, a water circulation system, and a sensor acquisition system. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated device absorbs solar radiation to generate low-temperature hot water. The air-source heat pump absorbs the heat generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device and uses the generated heat to heat cold water in the hot water storage tank. The water circulation system includes a user-side water circulation system and a heat source-side water circulation system. The user-side water circulation system transports hot water from the hot water storage tank to the user end and returns cold water from the user end to the hot water storage tank. The heat source-side water circulation system circulates cold water from the hot water storage tank to the air-source heat pump and / or the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device for further processing. The system heats the water and returns the heated water to the hot water storage tank. The hot water storage tank stores cold water and delivers the heated water to the user. The sensor acquisition system includes a solar radiation sensor installed at the water supply end of the user-side water circulation system, an outlet water temperature sensor installed at the outlet of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device, an ambient temperature sensor installed indoors and outdoors, a hot water storage tank temperature sensor installed inside the hot water storage tank, and a return water temperature sensor installed at the return end of the user-side water circulation system. The control system collects and determines the corresponding control strategy based on the ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, hot water storage tank temperature, photovoltaic-thermal integrated device outlet water temperature, and return water temperature at the return end of the user-side water circulation system. Based on the air source heat pump start-up strategy in the control strategy, the system controls the operation of the air source heat pump.

[0009] The second aspect of this invention provides a control method for a photovoltaic-thermal integrated device coupled with an air source heat pump, which is implemented based on the control system for a photovoltaic-thermal integrated device coupled with an air source heat pump described in the first aspect of this invention, and includes: The sensor acquisition system collects ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, hot water storage tank temperature, photovoltaic-thermal integrated device outlet water temperature, and user-side water circulation system return water temperature in real time. The control system determines the corresponding control strategy based on the collected ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, hot water storage tank temperature, photovoltaic-thermal integrated device outlet water temperature, and user-side water circulation system return water temperature. Based on the air source heat pump start-up strategy in the control strategy, the system controls the operation of the air source heat pump.

[0010] The technical solution adopted in this invention has the following technical effects: 1. The sensor acquisition system in the technical solution of this invention includes a solar radiation sensor installed at the water supply end of the user-side water circulation system, an outlet water temperature sensor installed at the outlet of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device, an ambient temperature sensor installed indoors and outdoors, a hot water storage tank temperature sensor installed inside the hot water storage tank, and a return water temperature sensor installed at the return water end of the user-side water circulation system. The control system is used to collect and determine the corresponding control strategy based on the ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, hot water storage tank temperature, photovoltaic-thermal integrated device outlet water temperature, and return water temperature at the return water end of the user-side water circulation system. Based on the air source heat pump start-up strategy in the control strategy, the system controls the operation of the air source heat pump, effectively solving the problem of low reliability and utilization rate of the heat pump control system caused by the existing technology, and effectively improving the reliability and utilization rate of the heat pump control system.

[0011] 2. In the technical solution of this invention, the evaporator in the air source heat pump absorbs heat from the low-temperature circulating cold water generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device to produce gaseous refrigerant, and delivers the gaseous refrigerant to the condenser through an expansion valve; the condenser liquefies the gaseous refrigerant and uses the heat generated by liquefaction to heat the cold water in the condenser, thereby delivering hot water to the hot water storage tank, and then delivers the liquefied refrigerant to the evaporator through a compressor; the PVT outlet pipe delivers the low-temperature hot water generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device to the evaporator inlet pipe, or delivers the high-temperature circulating hot water generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device to the hot water storage tank; the PVT inlet pipe delivers the cold water in the evaporator outlet pipe or the cold water in the hot water storage tank to the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device; this effectively improves the accuracy of control and the system's response capability; the air source heat pump recovers and utilizes the low-temperature heat energy generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device, avoiding the energy waste of low-temperature hot water due to insufficient solar radiation.

[0012] 3. The control system in the technical solution of this invention further includes: an electrical system, wherein the battery is used to store the electricity generated in the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device; the inverter is used to convert the DC power generated in the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device into AC power, and to transmit the converted AC power to the municipal power grid and the user system respectively, and to convert the AC power in the municipal power grid into DC power, and to charge the battery with the converted DC power; the photovoltaic battery management system (BMS) is used to manage the charging and discharging process of the battery; the operating mode of the photovoltaic battery management system (BMS) and the inverter can be controlled, so that the electricity generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device can be used efficiently, thereby improving the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system.

[0013] 4. In the technical solution of this invention, a comprehensive index W is calculated using a weighted threshold method based on the collected ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, hot water storage tank temperature, photovoltaic-thermal integrated device outlet water temperature, and user-side water circulation system return water temperature. Based on the numerical range of the comprehensive index W, a layered start-up logic is used to control the operation mode of the air source heat pump. The weighting coefficients of ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, and hot water storage tank temperature change rate are dynamically adjusted according to seasonal and regional climate characteristics or user preferences. This allows for adjustment of the air source heat pump's operating mode based on real-time environmental conditions and solar radiation, improving the reliability of system control.

[0014] 5. Before calculating the comprehensive index W using the weighted threshold method in the technical solution of this invention, the method further includes: determining the start-up strategy of the auxiliary electric heater based on the water temperature of the hot water storage tank, thereby ensuring the reliability of the heat pump system control in cold regions.

[0015] 6. In the technical solution of this invention, the hot water supply strategy of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device is determined based on the outlet water temperature of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device, and the heating object is adjusted to provide hot water source from the hot water storage tank; the utilization rate of the heat pump system control is improved; the electrical control system determines the power supply strategy of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device based on the battery capacity data sent by the photovoltaic battery management system (BMS), thereby improving the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system.

[0016] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device in the system of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the control flow of the hot water supply strategy, the auxiliary electric heater start-up strategy, and the air source heat pump start-up strategy in the system of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the control flow of the power supply strategy of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention (I). Figure 5This is a schematic diagram (II) of the control flow of the power supply strategy of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device in the system of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the method of Embodiment 2 in the present invention.

[0019] Photovoltaic-thermal integrated device (1): tempered glass (101), PV battery cell (102), thermally conductive copper plate (103), thermally conductive copper tube (104), encapsulant film (105), composite film (106), aluminum alloy frame (107). Heat pump system (2), evaporator (201), condenser (202), expansion valve (203), compressor (204); Hot water storage tank (3), auxiliary electric heater (4), control system (5), water supply temperature sensor (6), solar radiation sensor (7) and flow sensor (8), first water pump (9), user return water pipe (10), user terminal (11), condenser inlet pipe (12), condenser outlet pipe (13), user hot water pipe (14), first diversion valve (15), second diversion valve (16), second water pump (17), battery (18), inverter (19), photovoltaic battery management system (BMS) (20), outlet water temperature sensor (21), ambient temperature sensor (22), hot water storage tank temperature sensor (23), return water temperature sensor (24), electrical control system (25), municipal power grid (26), evaporator inlet pipe (27), evaporator outlet pipe (28), PVT outlet pipe (29), PVT inlet pipe (30). Detailed Implementation

[0020] To clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the invention. To simplify the disclosure of the invention, components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples. This repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. It should be noted that the components illustrated in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. Descriptions of well-known components, processing techniques, and processes are omitted in this invention to avoid unnecessarily limiting the invention.

[0021] Example 1 like Figure 1As shown, this invention provides a photovoltaic-thermal integrated device coupled with an air-source heat pump control system, comprising: a photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1, an air-source heat pump 2, a hot water storage tank 3, a control system 5, a water circulation system, and a sensor acquisition system. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1 absorbs solar radiation to generate low-temperature hot water; the air-source heat pump 2 absorbs the heat generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1 and uses the generated heat to heat the cold water in the hot water storage tank 3; the water circulation system includes a user-side water circulation system and a heat source-side water circulation system; the user-side water circulation system transports the hot water in the hot water storage tank 3 to the user end and transports the user-end return cold water to the hot water storage tank 3; the heat source-side water circulation system circulates the cold water in the hot water storage tank 3 to the air-source heat pump 2 or the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1 for heating, and... The heated hot water is returned to the hot water storage tank 3; the hot water storage tank 3 is used to store cold water and deliver the heated hot water to the user end; the sensor acquisition system includes a solar radiation sensor 7 installed at the water supply end of the user-side water circulation system, an outlet water temperature sensor 21 installed at the outlet of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device, an ambient temperature sensor 22 installed indoors and outdoors, a hot water storage tank temperature sensor 23 installed inside the hot water storage tank 3, and a return water temperature sensor 24 installed at the return water end of the user-side water circulation system; the control system 5 is used to collect and determine the corresponding control strategy based on the ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, hot water storage tank water temperature, photovoltaic-thermal integrated device outlet water temperature, and return water temperature at the return water end of the user-side water circulation system, and control the operation of the air source heat pump 1 based on the air source heat pump start-up strategy in the control strategy.

[0022] The photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1 includes, from top to bottom, tempered glass 101, encapsulating film 105, PV battery cell 102, composite film 106, thermally conductive copper plate 103, and thermally conductive copper pipe 104. Tempered glass 101 serves as a surface protective layer, providing physical protection and light transmission. Encapsulating film 105 is used to encapsulate and fix the PV battery cell 102. Composite film 106 provides moisture protection and electrical isolation protection for the thermally conductive copper plate 103 and thermally conductive copper pipe 104. The thermally conductive copper plate 103 and thermally conductive copper pipe 104 form a heat conduction structure to achieve heat dissipation.

[0023] like Figure 2As shown, the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1 uses liquid-cooled PVT modules, employing water as the cooling medium. Heat is dissipated through metal conduits or plates attached to the back of the photovoltaic panels. This absorbs solar radiation, heats the hot water storage tank, and provides power generation for the system. The encapsulating film 105 can be an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film, and the composite film 106 can be a three-layer polyvinyl fluoride composite film or a TPT composite film. Tempered glass 101 serves as a surface protective layer, providing high-strength physical protection and light transmission. The encapsulating film 105 encapsulates and fixes the PV battery cells 102. The composite film 106 provides moisture protection, UV resistance, and electrical isolation. A thermally conductive copper plate 103 and a thermally conductive copper pipe 104 form a highly efficient heat conduction structure, enabling rapid heat dissipation. The entire module is encapsulated and fixed using a high-strength aluminum alloy frame 107.

[0024] The air source heat pump 2 includes an evaporator 201, a condenser 202, an expansion valve 204, and a compressor 203. The evaporator 201 absorbs heat from the low-temperature circulating cold water generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1 to produce gaseous refrigerant, and delivers the gaseous refrigerant to the condenser 202 through the expansion valve. The condenser 202 liquefies the gaseous refrigerant and uses the heat generated by liquefaction to heat the cold water in the condenser 202, thereby delivering hot water to the hot water storage tank 3. The liquefied refrigerant is then delivered to the evaporator 201 through the compressor 203. The air source heat pump 2 uses the environmentally friendly refrigerant R410a and has the ability to operate stably in low-temperature environments.

[0025] The heat source side water circulation system includes a condenser inlet pipe 12, a condenser outlet pipe 13, an evaporator inlet pipe 27, an evaporator outlet pipe 28, a PVT outlet pipe 29, a PVT inlet pipe 30, a first diversion valve 15, and a second diversion valve 16. The condenser inlet pipe 12 is used to circulate cold water in the hot water storage tank 3 to the condenser 202 for heating, and the condenser outlet pipe 13 is used to return the heated hot water to the hot water storage tank 3. The evaporator inlet pipe 27 is used to transport the low-temperature circulating cold water generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device (1) to the evaporator 201, and the evaporator outlet pipe 28 is used to transport the low-temperature circulating cold water in the evaporator 201 to the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1. The PVT outlet pipe 29 is used to transport the low-temperature hot water generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1 to the evaporator 202. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1 delivers high-temperature circulating hot water generated in the photovoltaic inlet pipe 27 to the hot water storage tank 3; the PVT inlet pipe 30 delivers cold water from the evaporator outlet pipe 28 or the hot water storage tank 3 to the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1; the first diversion valve 15 is located between the PVT outlet pipe 29 and the evaporator inlet pipe 27, and is used to deliver low-temperature circulating cold water generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1 to the evaporator inlet pipe 27, or to deliver high-temperature circulating hot water generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1 to the hot water storage tank 3; the second diversion valve 16 is located between the PVT inlet pipe 30 and the evaporator outlet pipe 28, and is used to deliver both the hot water storage tank 3 and the circulating cold water return generated by the evaporator 201 to the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1.

[0026] The air source heat pump 2 is mainly used to circulate the cold water in the hot water storage tank 3 to the condenser 202 for heating, and to return the heated hot water to the hot water storage tank 3 and deliver the hot water to the user terminal 11. On the other hand, it is used for waste heat recovery. The low-temperature hot water generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1 is used to exchange heat with the low-temperature refrigerant in the evaporator 201, thereby increasing the evaporation temperature, reducing the risk of condensation, and improving the efficiency of the air source heat pump.

[0027] The user-side water circulation system includes a first water pump 9, a user return water pipe 10, a user hot water pipe 14, and a user terminal 11. The first water pump 9 is installed on the user return water pipe 10 and is used to transport the return water from the user terminal 11 to the hot water storage tank 3. The user hot water pipe 14 is used to transport the hot water in the hot water storage tank 3 to the user terminal 11. The user terminal 11 may include air conditioning terminal equipment and user electrical equipment.

[0028] The hot water storage tank 3 is used to store hot water and provide a stable hot water supply. Preferably, the hot water storage tank 3 is a layered hot water storage tank to improve heat storage efficiency, and is equipped with an auxiliary electric heater 4 to provide supplementary heating when solar energy and heat pump heating are insufficient.

[0029] Preferably, the sensor acquisition system also includes a water supply temperature sensor 6 and a flow sensor 8 installed at the water supply end of the user-side water circulation system, which can acquire the water supply temperature and flow rate of the hot water storage tank.

[0030] The control system 5 can employ a PLC programmable logic controller and be equipped with a sensor acquisition system to collect parameters such as ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, hot water storage tank temperature, water supply flow rate, and water supply temperature, displaying these parameters on the control system 5. Based on a preset intelligent control strategy, it controls the operation of the air source heat pump 2 and the auxiliary electric heater 4. The core of the control system lies in the intelligent control strategy, including temperature and solar radiation intensity threshold control, and power consumption control.

[0031] Preferably, a photovoltaic-thermal integrated device coupled with an air source heat pump control system further includes: an electrical system comprising a battery 18, an inverter 19, a photovoltaic battery management system (BMS) 20, an electrical control system 25, and a municipal power grid 26. The battery 18 is used to store the electricity generated in the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1; the inverter 19 is used to convert the direct current (DC) generated in the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device into alternating current (AC), and to transmit the converted AC to the municipal power grid 26 and the user system respectively, and to convert the AC to DC in the municipal power grid 26 and to charge the battery 18 with the converted DC; the photovoltaic battery management system (BMS) 20 is used to manage the charging and discharging process of the battery 18; the electrical control system 25 is installed in the user's room and is communicatively connected to the photovoltaic battery management system (BMS) 20 and the inverter 19 respectively, and is used to control the operating mode of the photovoltaic battery management system (BMS) 20 and the inverter 19.

[0032] In this embodiment, the control strategies of the control system 5 include the air source heat pump start-up strategy, the hot water storage tank electric auxiliary heating start-up control strategy, and the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device hot water supply strategy.

[0033] Among them, such as Figure 3 As shown, the specific start-up strategy for air source heat pumps is as follows: Based on the collected ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, and hot water temperature in the storage tank, a comprehensive index W is calculated using a weighted threshold method. Based on the range of values ​​for the comprehensive index W, an air source heat pump start-up strategy is determined. Based on the air source heat pump start-up strategy, a hierarchical start-up logic is used to control the operation mode of air source heat pump 2.

[0034] Specifically, based on the collected ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, and hot water tank temperature, the comprehensive index W is calculated using a weighted threshold method as follows: , , , , , in: The ambient temperature threshold for independently starting air source heat pump 2; The temperature threshold of the hot water storage tank when the air source heat pump 2 is started independently; The threshold of solar radiation intensity received by the PVT when the air source heat pump 2 is running independently; The daily system energy consumption threshold for when air source heat pump 2 is started independently; , , , This is the threshold judgment function; , , These are the weighting coefficients for ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, and the rate of change of water temperature in the hot water storage tank, respectively. To collect ambient temperature in real time; Solar radiation intensity; The water temperature in the hot water storage tank; The system energy consumption for the day (can be calculated based on the current and voltage of the air source heat pump obtained from the control system, or obtained through other means; this embodiment does not impose any restrictions here). , , , All of these are pre-set thresholds; Among them, the weighting coefficients of ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, and the rate of change of hot water temperature in the storage tank are dynamically adjusted according to seasonal, regional climate characteristics, or user preferences. Specifically: , , in: Let be the average outdoor ambient temperature of the i-th season; Let be the average solar radiation intensity in the i-th season; i = 1, 2, 3, 4 represent spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. Weighting coefficient of the rate of change of water temperature in hot water storage tank Adjustments are made based on daily staff feedback and operational data, with each adjustment incrementing or decreasing by a preset step size of 0.05.

[0035] Specifically, the ambient temperature threshold for independently starting ASHP can be set based on the climate conditions of different regions, the actual usage habits of users, and the characteristics of system equipment. Temperature threshold of hot water storage tank PVT received radiation intensity threshold The weighting coefficients for ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, and the rate of change of water temperature in the hot water storage tank. , , Optimizations and adjustments will be made. For example, in regions with cold winters and weak solar radiation, the ambient temperature threshold for independently activating ASHP can be appropriately lowered. and solar radiation intensity threshold At the same time, the weighting coefficients were adjusted to increase the weight of ambient temperature on the ASHP start-up judgment; in order to better adapt to changes in energy supply and demand in different seasons and further improve the system's energy efficiency and operational stability.

[0036] During the adaptive adjustment phase after system completion, the weighting coefficients are adjusted daily on a weekly cycle based on collected user feedback. This feedback includes whether the hot water supply temperature is suitable, whether the supply is timely, and whether any abnormalities occur during system operation. Simultaneously, daily system operating data is recorded, such as ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, changes in the hot water storage tank temperature, and the operating power and duration of the air source heat pump. Based on daily user feedback and operating data, the weighting coefficients are adjusted by increasing or decreasing them by 0.05 each time. If user feedback indicates that the hot water supply is untimely on a given day, the weighting coefficient for the rate of change in the hot water storage tank temperature is directly adjusted based on this feedback. Adjust the height accordingly.

[0037] Based on seasonal variations, the solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature differ significantly across seasons, impacting the system's heating demand differently. In winter, when it's cold and solar radiation is weak, the system automatically increases the solar radiation intensity weighting coefficient. Because low ambient temperatures in winter significantly impact hot water supply, the ambient temperature weighting coefficient is automatically increased. In low temperatures, it promptly activates high-power mode to ensure hot water supply; in summer, when ambient temperatures are high and solar radiation is strong, it automatically reduces the solar radiation intensity weighting coefficient. and ambient temperature weighting coefficient .

[0038] Adjustments are made based on regional climate characteristics. For example, in northern regions, where winters are long and cold and solar radiation is weak, the weighting factor for solar radiation intensity is automatically increased. and ambient temperature weighting coefficient This ensures timely heating from the system. For example, in southern regions where summers are hot and solar radiation is strong, the system automatically reduces the solar radiation intensity weighting coefficient. and ambient temperature weighting coefficient This reduces the number of ASHP startups and lowers energy consumption.

[0039] Adjustments can be made based on user preferences. For users who have high requirements for timely hot water supply, the weighting coefficient of the hot water storage tank temperature change rate can be appropriately increased. Users with low requirements for timely hot water supply can appropriately reduce the weighting coefficient of the hot water storage tank temperature change rate. The control system 5 obtains the average solar radiation intensity and average outdoor ambient temperature for each season (spring, summer, autumn, and winter) from historical data, and then automatically calculates the system weights.

[0040] Based on the numerical range of the comprehensive index W, the air source heat pump start-up strategy is determined. Based on the air source heat pump start-up strategy, the operation mode of air source heat pump 2 is specifically controlled by a layered start-up logic as follows: when When the air source heat pump 2 is started and the high-power operation mode of the air source heat pump is turned on, the water temperature of the hot water storage tank is quickly increased to ensure timely hot water supply. when When starting, activate air source heat pump 2 and enable the low-power operation mode built into the air source heat pump.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device coupled air source heat pump control system also includes an auxiliary electric heater 4 installed inside the hot water storage tank for heating the cold water inside the hot water storage tank; the control strategy also includes a start-up strategy for the auxiliary electric heater 4. like Figure 3 As shown, before calculating the comprehensive index W using the weighted threshold method, the following steps are also included: determining the start-up strategy of the auxiliary electric heater 4 based on the water temperature of the hot water storage tank, specifically: When the hot water storage tank is running at the set supply temperature greater than the water temperature of the hot water storage tank The hot water storage tank is set to supply a certain temperature. With the water temperature of the hot water storage tank The difference between them is greater than the minimum temperature difference set for electric auxiliary heating. (or When ), start air source heat pump 2 separately; When the hot water storage tank is running at the set supply temperature greater than the water temperature of the hot water storage tank The hot water storage tank is set to supply a specific temperature. With the water temperature of the hot water storage tank The difference between them should not exceed the minimum temperature difference set for electric auxiliary heating. (or Furthermore, the system energy consumption on that day Not greater than the system energy consumption threshold for the day At the same time, the air source heat pump 2 and the auxiliary electric heater 4 are started respectively; and the air source heat pump is in low power operation mode. When the hot water storage tank is running at the set supply temperature No greater than the water temperature of the hot water storage tank Control the air source heat pump 2 to stop heating (the air source heat pump operates alone for heating), or control both the air source heat pump 2 and the auxiliary electric heater 4 to stop heating (both the air source heat pump and the auxiliary electric heater operate for heating).

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, before determining the start-up strategy of the auxiliary electric heater based on the water temperature of the hot water storage tank, the process also includes: determining the hot water supply strategy of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1 based on the outlet water temperature of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device, specifically: When the outlet water temperature of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device The return water temperature is lower than the return water temperature at the user-side water circulation system return end. At that time, the low-temperature circulating cold water produced by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1 is introduced into the evaporator 201 of the air source heat pump 2, and the cold energy released by the evaporator 201 of the air source heat pump 2 is absorbed through the heat exchange process. When the outlet water temperature of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device The return water temperature shall not be less than the return water temperature at the return end of the user-side water circulation system. At that time, the high-temperature circulating hot water produced by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1 is introduced into the hot water storage tank 3 to provide heat for the hot water storage tank.

[0043] The heat exchange process is as follows: the evaporator 201 absorbs heat from the low-temperature circulating cold water generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1 to generate gaseous refrigerant, and delivers the generated gaseous refrigerant to the condenser 202 through the expansion valve; the condenser 202 liquefies the gaseous refrigerant and uses the heat generated by liquefaction to heat the cold water in the condenser 202, thereby delivering hot water to the hot water storage tank 3, and delivering the liquefied refrigerant to the evaporator 201 through the compressor 203.

[0044] Specifically, when user terminal 11 has a heat load demand, control system 5 judges the current temperature of the hot water storage tank. If the temperature of the hot water storage tank is... Temperature greater than the set temperature of the hot water storage tank Then, the hot water storage tank 3 supplies hot water to the user terminal 11 through the user hot water pipe 27, and the user return water returns to the hot water storage tank 3 through the user return water pipe 10 and the first water pump 9. If the temperature of the hot water storage tank... Temperature lower than the set temperature of the hot water storage tank Start the air source heat pump system or auxiliary electric heater.

[0045] Due to the dynamic changes in environmental factors, the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1 has limitations in terms of hot water supply stability, making it difficult to continuously output hot water that meets demand. Therefore, an in-depth evaluation of its hot water supply performance is conducted. When the outlet hot water temperature of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1... Greater than the return water temperature at the user end 11 When the first diversion valve 15 is adjusted, the hot water generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1 is supplied to the hot water storage tank 3 through the PVT outlet pipe 29. When the outlet hot water temperature of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1... Less than 11 return water temperature at the user end When adjusting the first diversion valve 15, the relatively hot water generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1 flows to the evaporator 201 through the evaporator inlet pipe 27, taking away the cooling capacity of the evaporator. The relatively low temperature hot water then returns to the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1 through the evaporator outlet pipe 28, the second diversion valve 16, the second water pump 17, and the PVT inlet pipe 30, thereby improving the heating performance of the heat pump unit.

[0046] Furthermore, control system 5 determines the start-stop strategy of the air source heat pump. When the hot water storage tank reaches the set temperature... With the temperature of the hot water storage tank The temperature difference is greater than the minimum temperature difference required for electric auxiliary heating to start. To improve energy efficiency, the air source heat pump 2 is turned on separately, while the auxiliary electric heater 4 is turned off. When the hot water storage tank is set to temperature... With the temperature of the hot water storage tank The temperature difference is less than the minimum temperature difference required for electric auxiliary heating to start. At that time, and the system energy consumption on that day When the system energy consumption is below the set daily threshold, the air source heat pump 2 and auxiliary electric heater 4 are activated simultaneously to further accelerate the temperature rise of the hot water storage tank. Meets the set temperature of the hot water storage tank .

[0047] When the air source heat pump is turned on, hot water is supplied from the condenser 202 to the hot water storage tank 3 through the condenser outlet pipe 13. Low-temperature return water from the hot water storage tank 3 enters the condenser 202 through the condenser inlet pipe 12 for heat exchange. Furthermore, the control system 5 determines the operating mode of the air source heat pump 2 and calculates a comprehensive index based on the input set parameters and real-time monitoring parameters from the sensors. ,when When the value equals 0, the air source heat pump activates its low-power mode, reducing energy consumption. When the temperature is not equal to 0, the air source heat pump low-high rate mode is activated to quickly bring the temperature of the hot water storage tank to near the set temperature range, thereby improving the timeliness of the water supply system.

[0048] Furthermore, such as Figures 4-5 As shown, the power control system determines the power supply strategy for the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device based on the battery capacity data sent by the photovoltaic battery management system (BMS). Specifically: The electrical control system obtains the user's current input of the system's power demand. (This may also include the electricity demand for hot water storage tanks and heat pump units, etc.) Real-time electricity costs Peak and off-peak electricity rates for the day (This can be obtained via wireless network or human-computer interaction module), and the instantaneous power generation of the photovoltaic system is obtained through the photovoltaic battery management system (BMS). Battery capacity SOC; When photovoltaic instantaneous power generation Exceeding the user system's power demand When the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device prioritizes supplying power to the user's system, the surplus power is used to charge the battery. When the battery's state of charge (SOC) exceeds a first preset threshold (e.g., 95%), the surplus power generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device will be sold to the municipal power grid. When the battery's SOC is not greater than the first preset threshold, if the real-time electricity price... Peak and off-peak electricity rates for the day If they are equal, the municipal power grid will be used to charge the battery; When photovoltaic instantaneous power generation Not greater than the user system's power demand When the battery capacity is less than a first preset threshold (e.g., 95%) and greater than a second preset threshold (e.g., 5%), it is determined whether the battery capacity is less than the first preset threshold and greater than the second preset threshold. The battery supplies power to the user system; if the battery capacity is not less than the first preset threshold, or not greater than the second preset threshold, it is determined whether the battery capacity is not greater than the second preset threshold. If the battery capacity is not greater than the second preset threshold ( The battery is charged using the municipal power grid; if the battery capacity is greater than the second preset threshold ( The battery supplies power to the user system.

[0049] Specifically, when the user terminal 11 and the air source heat pump 2 have electricity demand, the electrical control system 25 calculates the real-time electricity demand. The photovoltaic battery management system (BMS20) obtains real-time photovoltaic power generation. Battery State of Load (SOC). Real-time photovoltaic power generation. Greater than real-time electricity demand The photovoltaic-thermal integrated device 1 prioritizes supplying power to the air source heat pump 2 and the user terminal 11. Excess power is used to charge the battery 18. When the battery's state of charge (SOC) exceeds 95%, the excess power is sold to the municipal power grid 26. When the real-time photovoltaic power generation... Less than real-time electricity demand It is necessary to consider whether the battery 18 or the municipal power grid 26 can supply power. When the battery load state SOC is greater than 5% and less than 95%, the battery (18) should be given priority to supply power to the user terminal 11 and the air source heat pump 2. When the battery load state SOC is less than 5%, the power supply should be switched to the municipal power grid 26 for municipal supplementary power.

[0050] The battery peak-valley energy storage mode uses a 25-networked electronic control system to monitor peak-valley electricity prices in real time. Time, when real-time electricity price When the peak-valley electricity rate is equal to the off-peak electricity rate, if the battery capacity of battery 18 is less than 95%, the municipal power grid will charge the battery until the capacity is greater than 95%.

[0051] The sensor acquisition system in this invention includes a solar radiation sensor installed at the water supply end of the user-side water circulation system, an outlet water temperature sensor installed at the outlet of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device, an ambient temperature sensor installed both indoors and outdoors, a hot water storage tank temperature sensor installed inside the hot water storage tank, and a return water temperature sensor installed at the return water end of the user-side water circulation system. The control system is used to collect and determine corresponding control strategies based on ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, hot water storage tank temperature, photovoltaic-thermal integrated device outlet water temperature, and return water temperature at the return water end of the user-side water circulation system. Based on the air source heat pump start-up strategy in the control strategy, the system controls the operation of the air source heat pump, effectively solving the problem of low reliability and utilization rate of the heat pump control system caused by the existing technology, and effectively improving the reliability and utilization rate of the heat pump control system.

[0052] In this invention, the evaporator in the air-source heat pump absorbs heat from the low-temperature circulating cold water generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device to produce gaseous refrigerant, which is then transported to the condenser via an expansion valve. The condenser liquefies the gaseous refrigerant and uses the heat generated from liquefaction to heat the cold water in the condenser, thereby delivering hot water to a hot water storage tank. The liquefied refrigerant is then transported to the evaporator via a compressor. The PVT outlet pipe delivers the low-temperature hot water generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device to the evaporator inlet pipe, or delivers the high-temperature circulating hot water generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device to the hot water storage tank. The PVT inlet pipe delivers the cold water from the evaporator outlet pipe or the cold water from the hot water storage tank to the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device. This effectively improves the accuracy of control and the system's responsiveness. By using the air-source heat pump to recover and utilize the low-temperature heat energy generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device, energy waste of low-temperature hot water due to insufficient solar radiation is avoided.

[0053] The control system in this invention further includes: an electrical system, wherein the battery is used to store the electricity generated in the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device; the inverter is used to convert the direct current generated in the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device into alternating current, and to transmit the converted alternating current to the municipal power grid and the user system respectively, and to convert the alternating current in the municipal power grid into direct current, and to charge the battery with the converted direct current; the photovoltaic battery management system (BMS) is used to manage the charging and discharging process of the battery; the operating mode of the photovoltaic battery management system (BMS) and the inverter can be controlled, so that the electricity generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device can be used efficiently, thereby improving the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system.

[0054] In this invention, a comprehensive index W is calculated using a weighted threshold method based on collected ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, hot water storage tank temperature, photovoltaic-thermal integrated device outlet water temperature, and user-side water circulation system return water temperature. Based on the range of the comprehensive index W, a layered start-up logic is used to control the air source heat pump's operation mode. The weighting coefficients of ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, and hot water storage tank temperature change rate are dynamically adjusted according to seasonal and regional climate characteristics or user preferences. This allows for adjustments to the air source heat pump's operating mode based on real-time environmental conditions and solar radiation, improving the reliability of system control.

[0055] Before calculating the comprehensive index W using the weighted threshold method in the technical solution of this invention, the method further includes: determining the start-up strategy of the auxiliary electric heater based on the water temperature of the hot water storage tank, thereby ensuring the reliability of the heat pump system control in cold regions.

[0056] In this invention, the hot water supply strategy for the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device is determined based on the outlet water temperature, and the heating target is adjusted to provide hot water from the hot water storage tank; this improves the utilization rate of the heat pump system control; and the electrical control system determines the power supply strategy for the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device based on the battery capacity data sent by the photovoltaic battery management system (BMS), thereby improving the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system.

[0057] Example 2 like Figure 6 As shown, the technical solution of the present invention also provides a control method for a photovoltaic-thermal integrated device coupled with an air source heat pump, which is based on a control system for a photovoltaic-thermal integrated device coupled with an air source heat pump in Embodiment 1, and includes: S1, the sensor acquisition system collects ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, hot water storage tank temperature, photovoltaic-thermal integrated device outlet water temperature, and user-side water circulation system return water temperature in real time. In step S1, a solar radiation sensor installed at the water supply end of the user-side water circulation system collects solar radiation intensity in real time; an outlet water temperature sensor installed at the outlet of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device collects the outlet water temperature of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device in real time; an outdoor temperature sensor installed indoors and outdoors collects indoors and outdoors temperatures in real time; a hot water storage tank temperature sensor installed inside the hot water storage tank collects the hot water storage tank temperature in real time; and a return water temperature sensor installed at the return water end of the user-side water circulation system collects the return water temperature of the user-side water circulation system in real time.

[0058] S2, the control system determines the corresponding control strategy based on the collected ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, hot water storage tank temperature, photovoltaic-thermal integrated device outlet water temperature, and user-side water circulation system return water temperature, and controls the operation of the air source heat pump based on the air source heat pump start-up strategy in the control strategy.

[0059] In step S2, the control strategies of the control system in this embodiment include the air source heat pump start-up strategy, the electric auxiliary heating start-up control strategy of the hot water storage tank, the hot water supply strategy of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device, and the control strategy of the photovoltaic power generation and municipal power supply system.

[0060] Among them, the execution process of the air source heat pump start-up strategy, the hot water storage tank electric auxiliary heating start-up control strategy, and the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device hot water supply strategy (such as...) Figure 3 The steps shown are the same as those in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0061] The sensor acquisition system in this invention includes a solar radiation sensor installed at the water supply end of the user-side water circulation system, an outlet water temperature sensor installed at the outlet of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device, an ambient temperature sensor installed both indoors and outdoors, a hot water storage tank temperature sensor installed inside the hot water storage tank, and a return water temperature sensor installed at the return water end of the user-side water circulation system. The control system is used to collect and determine corresponding control strategies based on ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, hot water storage tank temperature, photovoltaic-thermal integrated device outlet water temperature, and return water temperature at the return water end of the user-side water circulation system. Based on the air source heat pump start-up strategy in the control strategy, the system controls the operation of the air source heat pump, effectively solving the problem of low reliability and utilization rate of the heat pump control system caused by the existing technology, and effectively improving the reliability and utilization rate of the heat pump control system.

[0062] In this invention, the evaporator in the air-source heat pump absorbs heat from the low-temperature circulating cold water generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device to produce gaseous refrigerant, which is then transported to the condenser via an expansion valve. The condenser liquefies the gaseous refrigerant and uses the heat generated from liquefaction to heat the cold water in the condenser, thereby delivering hot water to a hot water storage tank. The liquefied refrigerant is then transported to the evaporator via a compressor. The PVT outlet pipe delivers the low-temperature hot water generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device to the evaporator inlet pipe, or delivers the high-temperature circulating hot water generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device to the hot water storage tank. The PVT inlet pipe delivers the cold water from the evaporator outlet pipe or the cold water from the hot water storage tank to the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device. This effectively improves the accuracy of control and the system's responsiveness. By using the air-source heat pump to recover and utilize the low-temperature heat energy generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device, energy waste of low-temperature hot water due to insufficient solar radiation is avoided.

[0063] The control system in this invention further includes: an electrical system, wherein the battery is used to store the electricity generated in the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device; the inverter is used to convert the direct current generated in the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device into alternating current, and to transmit the converted alternating current to the municipal power grid and the user system respectively, and to convert the alternating current in the municipal power grid into direct current, and to charge the battery with the converted direct current; the photovoltaic battery management system (BMS) is used to manage the charging and discharging process of the battery; the operating mode of the photovoltaic battery management system (BMS) and the inverter can be controlled, so that the electricity generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device can be used efficiently, thereby improving the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system.

[0064] In this invention, a comprehensive index W is calculated using a weighted threshold method based on collected ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, hot water storage tank temperature, photovoltaic-thermal integrated device outlet water temperature, and user-side water circulation system return water temperature. Based on the range of the comprehensive index W, a layered start-up logic is used to control the air source heat pump's operation mode. The weighting coefficients of ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, and hot water storage tank temperature change rate are dynamically adjusted according to seasonal and regional climate characteristics or user preferences. This allows for adjustments to the air source heat pump's operating mode based on real-time environmental conditions and solar radiation, improving the reliability of system control.

[0065] Before calculating the comprehensive index W using the weighted threshold method in the technical solution of this invention, the method further includes: determining the start-up strategy of the auxiliary electric heater based on the water temperature of the hot water storage tank, thereby ensuring the reliability of the heat pump system control in cold regions.

[0066] In this invention, the hot water supply strategy for the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device is determined based on the outlet water temperature, and the heating target is adjusted to provide hot water from the hot water storage tank; this improves the utilization rate of the heat pump system control; and the electrical control system determines the power supply strategy for the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device based on the battery capacity data sent by the photovoltaic battery management system (BMS), thereby improving the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system.

[0067] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic-thermal integrated device coupled with an air-source heat pump control system, characterized in that, The system includes: a photovoltaic-thermal integrated device, an air-source heat pump, a hot water storage tank, a control system, a water circulation system, and a sensor acquisition system. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated device absorbs solar radiation to generate low-temperature hot water. The air-source heat pump absorbs the heat generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device and uses this heat to heat the cold water in the hot water storage tank. The water circulation system includes a user-side water circulation system and a heat source-side water circulation system. The user-side water circulation system transports the hot water from the storage tank to the user and returns the cold water from the user to the storage tank. The heat source-side water circulation system circulates the cold water from the storage tank to the air-source heat pump or the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device for heating and returns the heated hot water to the storage tank. The hot water storage tank is used to store cold water and deliver heated hot water to the user end. The sensor acquisition system includes a solar radiation sensor installed at the water supply end of the user-side water circulation system, an outlet water temperature sensor installed at the outlet of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device, an ambient temperature sensor installed indoors and outdoors, a hot water storage tank temperature sensor installed inside the hot water storage tank, and a return water temperature sensor installed at the return water end of the user-side water circulation system. The control system is used to collect and determine the corresponding control strategy based on the ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, hot water storage tank water temperature, photovoltaic-thermal integrated device outlet water temperature, and user-side water circulation system return water temperature, and controls the operation of the air source heat pump based on the air source heat pump start-up strategy in the control strategy; specifically including: Based on the collected ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, and hot water tank temperature, a comprehensive index W is calculated using a weighted threshold method. Based on the numerical range of the comprehensive index W, an air source heat pump startup strategy is determined. Based on this strategy, a tiered startup logic control method is used to manage the air source heat pump's operation. Specifically, the calculation of the comprehensive index W using the weighted threshold method based on the collected ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, and hot water tank temperature is as follows: ， ， ， ， ， in: The ambient temperature threshold for independently starting an air source heat pump; The temperature threshold of the hot water storage tank when the air source heat pump is running independently; The threshold of solar radiation intensity received by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device when the air source heat pump is running independently; The daily system energy consumption threshold for when the air source heat pump is started independently; , , , This is the threshold judgment function; , , These are the weighting coefficients for ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, and the rate of change of water temperature in the hot water storage tank, respectively. To collect ambient temperature in real time; Solar radiation intensity; The water temperature in the hot water storage tank; This represents the system's energy consumption for the day. Among them, the weighting coefficients of ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, and the rate of change of hot water temperature in the storage tank are dynamically adjusted according to seasonal, regional climate characteristics, or user preferences. Specifically: ， ， in: Let be the average outdoor ambient temperature of the i-th season; Let be the average solar radiation intensity in the i-th season; Weighting coefficient of the rate of change of water temperature in hot water storage tank Adjustments are made based on daily staff feedback and operational data, with each adjustment incrementing or decreasing by a preset step size of 0.

05.

2. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated device coupled with an air source heat pump control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, An air source heat pump includes an evaporator, a condenser, an expansion valve, and a compressor. The evaporator is used to absorb heat from the low-temperature circulating cold water generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device to produce gaseous refrigerant, and the gaseous refrigerant is delivered to the condenser through the expansion valve. The condenser is used to liquefy the gaseous refrigerant and use the heat generated by liquefaction to heat the cold water in the condenser, thereby delivering the hot water to the hot water storage tank, and delivering the liquefied refrigerant to the evaporator through the compressor; The heat source-side water circulation system includes a condenser inlet pipe, a condenser outlet pipe, an evaporator inlet pipe, an evaporator outlet pipe, a PVT outlet pipe, a PVT inlet pipe, a first diversion valve, and a second diversion valve. The condenser inlet pipe circulates cold water from the hot water storage tank to the condenser for heating, and the condenser outlet pipe returns the heated hot water to the hot water storage tank. The evaporator inlet pipe delivers low-temperature circulating cold water generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device to the evaporator, and the evaporator outlet pipe delivers low-temperature circulating cold water from the evaporator to the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device. The PVT outlet pipe delivers low-temperature hot water generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device to the evaporator. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated device generates high-temperature circulating hot water, which is then transported to the hot water storage tank via the inlet pipe. The PVT inlet pipe is used to transport cold water from the evaporator outlet pipe or the hot water storage tank to the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device. The first diversion valve is located between the PVT outlet pipe and the evaporator inlet pipe to transport low-temperature circulating cold water generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device to the evaporator inlet pipe, or to transport high-temperature circulating hot water generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device to the hot water storage tank. The second diversion valve is located between the PVT inlet pipe and the evaporator outlet pipe to transport both the hot water storage tank and the circulating cold water return from the evaporator to the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device.

3. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated device coupled with an air source heat pump control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, it also... include: The power system includes a battery, an inverter, a photovoltaic battery management system (BMS), an electrical control system, and a municipal power grid. The battery stores the electricity generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device. The inverter converts the direct current (DC) generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device into alternating current (AC), and transmits the converted AC to the municipal power grid and the user system. It also converts AC from the municipal power grid into DC and charges the battery. The BMS manages the charging and discharging process of the battery. The electrical control system is located indoors and communicates with both the BMS and the inverter to control their operation.

4. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated device coupled with an air source heat pump control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the numerical range of the comprehensive index W, the air source heat pump start-up strategy is determined. Based on the air source heat pump start-up strategy, the tiered start-up logic control mode of the air source heat pump is specifically as follows: when When the air source heat pump is activated and its high-power operation mode is turned on, the water temperature in the hot water storage tank is quickly increased to ensure timely hot water supply. when When needed, start the air source heat pump and activate its built-in low-power operation mode.

5. A photovoltaic-thermal integrated device coupled with an air source heat pump control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic-thermal integrated device coupled with an air-source heat pump control system also includes an auxiliary electric heater installed inside the hot water storage tank for heating the cold water inside the tank; the control strategy also includes a startup strategy for the auxiliary electric heater; before calculating the comprehensive index W using the weighted threshold method, the system further includes: determining the startup strategy for the auxiliary electric heater based on the water temperature in the hot water storage tank, specifically: When the operating set supply temperature of the hot water storage tank is greater than the water temperature of the hot water storage tank, and the difference between the operating set supply temperature of the hot water storage tank and the water temperature of the hot water storage tank is greater than the minimum temperature difference set by the electric auxiliary heating, the air source heat pump will be started separately. When the operating set supply temperature of the hot water storage tank is greater than the water temperature of the hot water storage tank, and the difference between the operating set supply temperature of the hot water storage tank and the water temperature of the hot water storage tank is not greater than the minimum temperature difference set by the electric auxiliary heating, and the system energy consumption on the day is not greater than the system energy consumption threshold on the day, the air source heat pump and the auxiliary electric heater are started respectively, and the air source heat pump is in low power operation mode. When the operating set supply temperature of the hot water storage tank is not higher than the water temperature of the hot water storage tank, the air source heat pump will stop heating, or both the air source heat pump and the auxiliary electric heater will stop heating.

6. A photovoltaic-thermal integrated device coupled with an air source heat pump control system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The control strategy also includes a hot water supply strategy for the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device; Before determining the start-up strategy of the auxiliary electric heater based on the water temperature of the hot water storage tank, the process also includes: determining the hot water supply strategy of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device based on the outlet water temperature of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device, specifically: When the outlet water temperature of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device is lower than the return water temperature at the return end of the user-side water circulation system, the low-temperature circulating cold water produced by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device is introduced into the evaporator of the air source heat pump, and the cold energy released by the evaporator of the air source heat pump is absorbed through the heat exchange process. When the outlet water temperature of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device is not lower than the return water temperature at the return end of the user-side water circulation system, the high-temperature circulating hot water produced by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device is introduced into the hot water storage tank to provide heat for the hot water storage tank.

7. A photovoltaic-thermal integrated device coupled with an air source heat pump control system according to claim 3, characterized in that the electronic control... The system determines the power supply strategy for the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device based on the battery capacity data sent by the photovoltaic battery management system (BMS). Specifically: The electrical control system obtains the user's current input of the system's power demand. Real-time electricity bill Peak and off-peak electricity rates for the day The instantaneous power generation of the photovoltaic system is obtained through the photovoltaic battery management system (BMS). Battery capacity SOC; When photovoltaic instantaneous power generation Exceeding the user system's power demand When the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device prioritizes supplying power to the user system, the surplus power is used to charge the battery; when the battery capacity SOC is greater than a first preset threshold, the surplus power generated by the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device will be sold to the municipal power grid; when the battery capacity SOC is not greater than the first preset threshold, if the real-time electricity price... Peak and off-peak electricity rates for the day If they are equal, the municipal power grid will be used to charge the battery; When photovoltaic instantaneous power generation Not greater than the user system's power demand When the battery capacity is less than the first preset threshold and greater than the second preset threshold, the battery supplies power to the user system. If the battery capacity is not less than the first preset threshold or not greater than the second preset threshold, determine whether the battery capacity is not greater than the second preset threshold. If the battery capacity is not greater than the second preset threshold, charge the battery using the municipal power grid; if the battery capacity is greater than the second preset threshold, supply power to the user system using the battery.

8. A control method for a photovoltaic-thermal integrated device coupled with an air-source heat pump, characterized in that, Based on the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device coupled air source heat pump control system according to any one of claims 1-7, including: The sensor acquisition system collects ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, hot water storage tank temperature, photovoltaic-thermal integrated device outlet water temperature, and user-side water circulation system return water temperature in real time. The control system determines the corresponding control strategy based on the collected ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, hot water storage tank temperature, photovoltaic-thermal integrated device outlet water temperature, and user-side water circulation system return water temperature. Based on the air source heat pump start-up strategy in the control strategy, the system controls the operation of the air source heat pump.

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