Transformer substation power equipment screw looseness detection method and portable detection equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a transformer substation power equipment screw looseness detection method and portable detection equipment, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the current position of to-be-detected transformer substation power equipment; according to the current position of the substation power equipment, vibration signals and temperature signals of the surface of the substation power equipment are collected at the same time; according to the vibration signal and the temperature signal, the screw loosening condition of the substation power equipment is scored, and a first score and a second score are obtained; and based on the first score and the second score, whether the screw of the substation power equipment is loosened is judged, the vibration signal of the substation power equipment can be remotely detected under the condition that operation of the substation power equipment is not affected, and the screw loosening condition of the substation power equipment is accurately judged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application generally relates to the technical field of substation power equipment detection. More specifically, the present application relates to a method for detecting loose screws in substation power equipment and a portable detection device. Background Art

[0002] During long-term operation, the power equipment in the substation (such as transformers, circuit breakers, disconnectors, etc.) may loosen the fastening screws due to factors such as mechanical vibration and temperature changes. If it is not discovered in time, it may cause equipment failure or even lead to power system accidents. At present, the detection of loose screws in substation power equipment mainly relies on manual inspections (such as tapping method, torque wrench detection, etc.). This solution is inefficient and highly subjective, and may produce erroneous detection results. It is also impossible to monitor the vibration of substation power equipment in real time during operation. Most of the existing vibration detection equipment is contact measurement, which requires shutdown to install sensors, affecting the normal operation of substation power equipment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a non-contact, portable detection device that can accurately determine the looseness of screws in substation power equipment without affecting the operation of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to at least solve one or more of the technical problems mentioned above, the present application proposes a method for detecting loose screws of power equipment in a substation and a portable detection device in multiple aspects.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for detecting loose screws in power equipment in a substation, including:

[0005] Obtain the current location of the power equipment in the substation to be tested;

[0006] According to the current location of the substation power equipment, respectively and simultaneously collecting the vibration signal and the temperature signal of the surface of the substation power equipment;

[0007] Scoring the looseness of screws of the substation power equipment according to the vibration signal and the temperature signal to obtain a first score and a second score;

[0008] Based on the first score and the second score, it is determined whether screws of the substation power equipment are loose.

[0009] In some examples, the method further includes:

[0010] Based on a preset first weight and a second weight, the first score and the second score are integrated to generate a comprehensive score;

[0011] According to the comprehensive score, it is determined whether the screws of the power equipment in the substation are loose.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present application provides a portable detection device for executing the method for detecting loose screws of substation power equipment disclosed in the first aspect, comprising:

[0013] The positioning module is used to obtain the current location of the substation power equipment to be tested using the laser positioning principle;

[0014] A vibration measurement module, configured to collect vibration signals on the surface of the substation power equipment based on the Doppler principle according to the current location of the substation power equipment;

[0015] A temperature measurement module, configured to collect a temperature signal on the surface of the substation power equipment according to the current location of the substation power equipment;

[0016] a data processing module, configured to score the looseness of screws of the substation power equipment according to the vibration signal and the temperature signal, respectively, to obtain a first score and a second score;

[0017] The data processing module is further configured to determine whether screws of the substation power equipment are loose based on the first score and the second score.

[0018] In some examples, the data processing module is further configured to generate a comprehensive score by fusing the first score and the second score based on a preset first weight and a second weight;

[0019] According to the comprehensive score, it is determined whether the screws of the power equipment in the substation are loose.

[0020] In some examples, the data processing module is further configured to:

[0021] Converting the vibration signal on the surface of the power equipment in the substation from an optical signal to an electrical signal, and performing amplification, filtering and impedance matching on the electrical signal;

[0022] Converting the electrical signal after amplification, filtering and impedance matching from an analog signal to a digital signal;

[0023] Extracting vibration parameters from the digital signal to generate a vibration signal, wherein the vibration parameters include displacement, velocity, and acceleration.

[0024] In some examples, the data processing module is further configured to:

[0025] extracting characteristic frequencies from the vibration signal and the temperature signal respectively to generate a vibration spectrum and a temperature spectrum;

[0026] Calculating a similarity between the vibration spectrum and a normal vibration spectrum corresponding to the substation power equipment to obtain a first score;

[0027] A similarity between the temperature spectrum and a normal temperature spectrum corresponding to the power equipment in the substation is calculated to obtain a second score.

[0028] In some examples, the data processing module includes a signal conditioning circuit, a photoelectric sensor, an analog-to-digital converter, and a processor.

[0029] In some examples, the positioning module is a laser positioning device.

[0030] In some examples, the vibration measurement module is a laser Doppler vibrometer.

[0031] In some examples, the temperature measurement module is a wireless temperature sensor.

[0032] In some examples, the signal conditioning circuit includes a signal amplifier, a noise filter, and an impedance.

[0033] Through the substation power equipment screw loosening detection method and portable detection equipment provided above, it is possible to remotely detect the vibration signals (including micro-vibration signals) of the substation power equipment without affecting the normal operation of the substation power equipment, and accurately judge the looseness of the screws of the substation power equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the exemplary embodiments of the present application will become readily understood by reading the detailed description below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, several embodiments of the present application are shown in an exemplary and non-limiting manner, and the same or corresponding reference numerals represent the same or corresponding parts, wherein:

[0035] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of an exemplary process of detecting loose screws in power equipment in a substation provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 The following is a schematic diagram showing an exemplary structure of a portable substation power equipment loosening detection device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 3 An exemplary structural block diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] It should be understood that the terms "include" and "comprising" used in the description and claims of this application indicate the presence of described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0040] It should also be understood that the terms used in this specification are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. As used in this specification and claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in this specification and claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, including and including these combinations.

[0041] As used in this specification and claims, the term "if" can be interpreted as "when" or "upon" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting," depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase "if it is determined" or "if [described condition or event] is detected" can be interpreted as meaning "upon determination" or "in response to determining" or "upon detection of [described condition or event]" or "in response to detecting [described condition or event]," depending on the context.

[0042] The specific implementation of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for detecting loose screws of power equipment in a substation provided by the embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:

[0045] S101, obtaining the current location of the power equipment in the substation to be detected;

[0046] S102, based on the current location of the power equipment in the substation, simultaneously collecting vibration signals and temperature signals from the surface of the power equipment in the substation;

[0047] S103, scoring the looseness of screws of the power equipment in the substation according to the vibration signal and the temperature signal to obtain a first score and a second score;

[0048] S104: Based on the first score and the second score, determine whether screws of the power equipment in the substation are loose.

[0049] In some examples, step S104 specifically includes:

[0050] Based on a preset first weight and a second weight, the first score and the second score are integrated to generate a comprehensive score;

[0051] According to the comprehensive score, it is determined whether the screws of the power equipment in the substation are loose.

[0052] Specifically, the characteristic vectors (spectral curve graphs) corresponding to the vibration signals and temperature signals on the surface of the substation power equipment can be input into a trained machine learning model (such as an SVM model, a CNN model). The machine learning model automatically calculates the first score and the second score based on the cosine similarity algorithm and automatically determines whether the screws of the substation power equipment are loose based on the first score and the second score.

[0053] Furthermore, the comprehensive score S is calculated according to the formula S = W1S1 + W2S2, where W1 is the preset first weight, S1 is the first score, and W2 is the preset second weight, S1 is the second score. Environmental factors can affect signal acquisition. For example, strong winds can affect vibration signals, while high or low ambient temperatures can affect temperature signals. The values of weights W1 and W2 vary depending on the environment during acquisition. In strong winds, W1 is smaller and W2 is larger; in high or low ambient temperatures, W1 is larger and W2 is smaller.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, the portable detection device provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a positioning module, a vibration measurement module, a data processing module and a display module to execute the method for detecting loose screws of substation power equipment disclosed in Example 1.

[0056] The positioning module is used to obtain the current location of the substation power equipment to be detected using the laser positioning principle.

[0057] In some examples, the positioning module is a laser positioning device.

[0058] Specifically, the working principle of the laser locator is mainly based on laser ranging and angle measurement technology. It emits a laser beam to the target object and receives its reflected signal, calculates the target distance based on the speed of light and time difference, and then determines the direction through the angle encoder, ultimately achieving three-dimensional spatial positioning.

[0059] The vibration measurement module is used to collect vibration signals on the surface of the substation power equipment based on the Doppler principle according to the current location of the substation power equipment.

[0060] In some examples, the vibrometer module is a laser Doppler vibrometer.

[0061] Specifically, a laser Doppler vibrometer is a measuring instrument that uses the laser Doppler effect to measure the vibration of an object. It is a scientific instrument that can be used to perform non-contact vibration measurements on an object's surface. A laser Doppler vibrometer emits a laser beam onto the surface of the object being measured. The motion of the surface causes the reflected laser beam to undergo a Doppler frequency shift, from which the vibration amplitude and frequency of the surface can be extracted. Laser Doppler vibrometers can measure vibration without requiring mass loading, enabling non-contact measurement of surface vibration within a range of 10 meters with micron-level accuracy.

[0062] The temperature measurement module is used to collect the temperature signal on the surface of the substation power equipment according to the current location of the substation power equipment.

[0063] Specifically, the temperature measurement module is a wireless temperature sensor with a temperature measurement accuracy of ±0.5°C.

[0064] The data processing module is used to score the looseness of the screws of the substation power equipment according to the vibration signal and the temperature signal to obtain a first score and a second score.

[0065] The data processing module is further configured to determine whether screws of the power equipment in the substation are loose based on the first score and the second score.

[0066] Specifically, loose screws can reduce the contact surface of electrical components, increase resistance, and generate more heat when current passes through them. Loose screws can lead to poor contact, which can cause unstable current flow, further increasing the heat generated by the electrical components and causing the surface temperature of the components (capacitors, current transformers, and voltage transformers) to rise.

[0067] Specifically, it is also possible to further determine whether the substation power equipment has loose screws by combining the presence of an obvious gap between the screw head and the surface of the substation power equipment, or cracks between originally fitted parts (such as the connection between metal components); or the relative position between the nut and the gasket is offset, and the gasket may be tilted or twisted; or by combining the presence of scratches or rust transfer marks caused by friction on the screw or the surface of the substation power equipment (such as when a metal screw is loose and rubs against a component, revealing a new metallic luster).

[0068] In some examples, the data processing module is further used to: generate a comprehensive score by fusing the first score and the second score based on a preset first weight and a second weight; and determine whether the screws of the substation power equipment are loose based on the comprehensive score.

[0069] Specifically, when the comprehensive score is less than a preset threshold, it is determined that the screws of the power equipment in the substation are loose.

[0070] In some examples, the data processing module is further configured to:

[0071] Converting the vibration signal on the surface of the power equipment in the substation from an optical signal to an electrical signal, and performing amplification, filtering and impedance matching on the electrical signal;

[0072] Converting the electrical signal after amplification, filtering and impedance matching from an analog signal to a digital signal;

[0073] Extracting vibration parameters from the digital signal to generate a vibration signal, wherein the vibration parameters include displacement, velocity, and acceleration.

[0074] In some examples, the data processing module is further configured to:

[0075] extracting characteristic frequencies from the vibration signal and the temperature signal respectively to generate a vibration spectrum and a temperature spectrum;

[0076] Calculating a similarity between the vibration spectrum and a normal vibration spectrum corresponding to the substation power equipment to obtain a first score;

[0077] A similarity between the temperature spectrum and a normal temperature spectrum corresponding to the power equipment in the substation is calculated to obtain a second score.

[0078] Specifically, the characteristic frequencies in the vibration signal and temperature signal can be extracted by:

[0079] (1) Frequency domain analysis: Convert the time domain signal into a spectrum through FFT to identify the characteristic frequency (such as the fundamental frequency of transformer core vibration, 100 Hz);

[0080] (2) Time-frequency analysis: Wavelet transform is used to extract transient features of non-stationary signals;

[0081] (3) Envelope demodulation: Extract the modulation envelope component for high-frequency resonance signals such as bearing faults.

[0082] In some examples, the data processing module includes a signal conditioning circuit, a photodetector, an analog-to-digital converter, and a processor.

[0083] In some examples, the signal conditioning circuit includes a signal amplifier, a noise filter, and an impedance.

[0084] Specifically, the signal amplifier amplifies the electrical signal corresponding to the vibration signal on the surface of the substation power equipment, and the noise filter removes the noise in the amplified electrical signal. The adaptive impedance is selected to ensure compatibility with subsequent resistance, reduce signal distortion, and ensure that the signal quality meets the requirements of subsequent processing. Specifically, the noise filter includes a low-pass filter / band-pass filter and a digital filter. Among them, the low-pass filter / band-pass filter eliminates high-frequency noise (such as electromagnetic interference) and low-frequency drift in the amplified electrical signal, and the digital filter further reduces the noise of the amplified electrical signal and eliminates zero-point drift.

[0085] Specifically, the photoelectric detector converts the optical signal corresponding to the vibration signal captured by the vibration measurement module into an electrical signal, that is, converts the optical signal into a sinusoidal waveform. The analog-to-digital converter converts the optical signal from an analog signal to a digital signal. The processor is a digital signal processor DSP or a field programmable gate array FPGA, which is used to extract the characteristic frequency in the vibration signal, generate a vibration spectrum and compare the vibration spectrum with the normal vibration spectrum corresponding to the substation power equipment. If the vibration spectrum is inconsistent with the normal vibration spectrum, it is determined that the substation power equipment has loose screws and an early warning message is issued. Among them, the normal vibration spectra corresponding to substation power equipment of different types and sizes are different.

[0086] The display module is used to display the vibration spectrum, temperature spectrum, first score, second score and comprehensive score in real time.

[0087] Specifically, the display module uses the Linux system to integrate the human-machine operation interface and display the vibration waveform and spectrum in real time.

[0088] The loose screw detection method and portable detection equipment for substation power equipment provided in the embodiments of the present application are mainly used in substation scenarios. They can remotely detect the vibration signals (including micro-vibration signals) of substation power equipment without affecting the operation of substation power equipment, and accurately determine the loose screw conditions of substation power equipment.

[0089] Example 3

[0090] The present application also provides an electronic device. Figure 3 , Figure 3 is an exemplary structural block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the method provided in the present application when running the computer instructions.

[0091] Specifically, the processor 601 may include a central processing unit (CPU) or a graphics processing unit (GPU), or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or may be configured to implement one or more integrated circuits of the embodiments of the present application. The memory 602 may include a memory for data or instructions. For example, the memory 602 may be at least one of the following: a hard disk drive (HDD), a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a floppy disk drive, a flash memory, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a tape, a universal serial bus (USB) drive or other physical / tangible memory storage device. For another example, the memory 602 includes a removable or non-removable (or fixed) medium. For another example, the memory 602 may be inside or outside the integrated gateway disaster recovery device. The memory 602 may be a non-volatile solid-state memory. In other words, typically the memory 602 includes a tangible (non-transitory) computer-readable storage medium (such as a memory device) encoded with executable instructions, wherein the stored executable instructions, when executed by the processor 601 (such as executed by one or more processors), can implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0092] In one example, Figure 3 The electronic device shown may also include a communication interface 603 and a bus 610. The processor 601, memory 602, and communication interface 603 are connected via bus 610 and communicate with each other. The communication interface 603 is primarily used to enable communication between modules, devices, units, and / or devices within the electronic device. Bus 610, which may include hardware, software, or both, couples components of the online data traffic metering device. For example, the bus may include at least one of the following: an Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) or other graphics bus, an Enhanced Industrial Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, a Front Side Bus (FSB), a HyperTransport (HT) interconnect, an Industrial Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, an InfiniBand interconnect, a Low Pin Count (LPC) bus, a memory bus, a Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, a PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, a Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) bus, a Video Electronics Standards Association Local Area Bus (VLB) bus, or other suitable buses. Bus 610 may include one or more buses. Although the embodiments of the present application describe or illustrate a specific bus, the embodiments of the present application may consider any suitable bus or interconnection method.

[0093] In another aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon, wherein the computer program instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the aforementioned method. The computer-readable storage medium is, for example, a classic computer-readable storage medium, such as a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk storage medium device, an optical storage medium device, a flash memory device, an electrical, optical, or other physical / tangible memory storage device.

[0094] In another aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product comprising computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the methods provided by embodiments of the present application. Examples of such computer program products include software installation packages and plug-ins compatible with related software systems.

[0095] The above exemplarily describes the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods and systems of the embodiments of the present application, and describes the relevant various aspects. It should be understood that each box in the flowchart and / or block diagram or its combination can be implemented by computer program instructions, or by dedicated hardware that performs a specified function or action, or by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions. When implemented in hardware, it can be, for example, an electronic circuit, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), appropriate firmware, a plug-in, a function card, etc.; when implemented in software, it is a program or code segment used to perform the required task. The program or code segment can be stored in a memory, or transmitted on a transmission medium or communication link via a data signal carried in a carrier. The code segment can be downloaded via a computer network such as the Internet, an intranet, etc.

[0096] Although a number of embodiments have been shown and described herein, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that such embodiments are provided by way of example only. Those skilled in the art may devise numerous modifications, variations, and alternatives without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be understood that in practicing the present invention, various alternatives to the embodiments described herein may be employed.

[0097] Although the present application has shown and described a plurality of embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that such embodiments are provided by way of example only. Those skilled in the art can think of many changes, modifications and alternatives without departing from the thought and spirit of the present application. It should be understood that in the process of practicing the present application, various alternatives to the embodiments of the present application described herein can be adopted. The appended claims are intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application, and therefore cover equivalents or alternatives within the scope of these claims.

Claims

1. A method for detecting loose screws of power equipment in a substation, characterized in that: include: Obtain the current location of the power equipment in the substation to be tested; According to the current location of the substation power equipment, respectively and simultaneously collecting the vibration signal and the temperature signal of the surface of the substation power equipment; Scoring the looseness of screws of the substation power equipment according to the vibration signal and the temperature signal to obtain a first score and a second score; Based on the first score and the second score, it is determined whether screws of the substation power equipment are loose.

2. The method for detecting loose screws of power equipment in a substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Based on a preset first weight and a second weight, the first score and the second score are integrated to generate a comprehensive score; According to the comprehensive score, it is determined whether the screws of the power equipment in the substation are loose.

3. A portable detection device for executing the method for detecting loose screws of power equipment in a substation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: include: The positioning module is used to obtain the current location of the substation power equipment to be tested using the laser positioning principle; A vibration measurement module, configured to collect vibration signals on the surface of the substation power equipment based on the Doppler principle according to the current location of the substation power equipment; A temperature measurement module, configured to collect a temperature signal on the surface of the substation power equipment according to the current location of the substation power equipment; a data processing module, configured to score the looseness of screws of the substation power equipment according to the vibration signal and the temperature signal, respectively, to obtain a first score and a second score; The data processing module is further configured to determine whether screws of the substation power equipment are loose based on the first score and the second score.

4. The portable detection device for detecting screw loosening of power equipment in a substation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The data processing module is further configured to generate a comprehensive score by fusing the first score and the second score based on a preset first weight and a second weight; According to the comprehensive score, it is determined whether the screws of the power equipment in the substation are loose.

5. The portable detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The data processing module is further configured to: Converting the vibration signal on the surface of the power equipment in the substation from an optical signal to an electrical signal, and performing amplification, filtering and impedance matching on the electrical signal; Converting the electrical signal after amplification, filtering and impedance matching from an analog signal to a digital signal; Extracting vibration parameters from the digital signal to generate a vibration signal, wherein the vibration parameters include displacement, velocity, and acceleration.

6. The portable detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The data processing module is further configured to: extracting characteristic frequencies from the vibration signal and the temperature signal respectively to generate a vibration spectrum and a temperature spectrum; Calculating a similarity between the vibration spectrum and a normal vibration spectrum corresponding to the substation power equipment to obtain a first score; A similarity between the temperature spectrum and a normal temperature spectrum corresponding to the power equipment in the substation is calculated to obtain a second score.

7. The portable detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The data processing module includes a signal conditioning circuit, a photoelectric sensor, an analog-to-digital converter and a processor.

8. The portable detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning module is a laser positioning device.

9. The portable detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vibration measurement module is a laser Doppler vibrometer.

10. The portable detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The temperature measurement module is a wireless temperature sensor.

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