GIS insulation state analysis method and system based on sound-light-electricity composite perception

Abstract

The invention discloses a GIS insulation state analysis method and system based on sound-light-electricity composite perception, and relates to the technical field of GIS insulation detection, and the method comprises the following steps: constructing a GIS equipment virtual working environment, and installing a sound-light-electricity detection sensor and a discharge simulation device in the GIS equipment virtual working environment, so as to simulate the partial discharge fault of GIS equipment; detecting the sound-light-electricity effective detection distance of the partial discharge fault of the GIS equipment, and adjusting the distance between the adjacent sound-light-electricity detection groups to be within the effective detection distance; according to the GIS insulation state analysis method and system based on sound-light-electricity composite perception, a gas insulated switchgear (GIS) equipment discharge fault is monitored in real time, whether the GIS equipment has a partial discharge fault or not is judged, so that the insulation state of the GIS equipment is evaluated, and the effective detection distance is tested by building a sealed simulation chamber, a sound-light-electricity detection sensor and a discharge simulation device; and different effective detection distances are recorded according to different discharge intensities, so that the partial discharge fault of the GIS equipment is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of GIS insulation detection, and more specifically, to a GIS insulation status analysis method and system based on acoustic, optical and electrical composite sensing. Background Art

[0002] Gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) is a core component of power grids with the highest usage and fastest growth rate. With the widespread use of GIS equipment in power systems, power incidents caused by its failure have also increased dramatically. In recent years, the failure rate of GIS equipment has remained high. Statistics on GIS failures show that power outages caused by GIS insulation failures account for 30% of all outages. Frequent GIS insulation failures have seriously jeopardized the safe operation of power systems. Therefore, accurately detecting and evaluating the insulation condition of GIS is crucial to ensuring the safety and reliability of power systems.

[0003] Optical methods can effectively detect defects. Their inherent electromagnetic immunity compensates for the susceptibility of ultrasonic and UHF methods to field interference, resolving the problem of false positives in partial discharge. UHF and ultrasonic methods are also effective in detecting insulator defects, which can be addressed. GIS insulation status can be monitored using combined acoustic, optical, and UHF sensing. This allows for the detection of different defects using ultrasonic, optical, and UHF methods, achieving detection effectiveness, complementarity, and comprehensive coverage.

[0004] When local discharge occurs in GIS equipment, sensors for acoustic, optical and electrical detection installed at designated locations on the GIS equipment can comprehensively analyze the sound, light and electrical signals, thereby identifying abnormalities in the monitoring data of the GIS equipment and determining whether local discharge has occurred, thereby achieving real-time monitoring of the discharge phenomenon.

[0005] However, when acoustic, optical and electrical signals propagate in the air or medium, they gradually weaken as the propagation distance increases. As the distance of partial discharge in GIS equipment exceeds the detection distance of the sensor, the discharge fault may not be detected in time or the detection results may deviate. This signal attenuation phenomenon brings potential defects to the status monitoring of GIS equipment, affecting its reliability and safety.

[0006] To address the above issues, a GIS insulation status analysis method and system based on acoustic, optical and electrical composite sensing is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a GIS insulation status analysis method and system based on acoustic, optical and electrical composite sensing.

[0008] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0009] The first aspect of the present invention relates to a GIS insulation status analysis method based on acoustic, photoelectric composite sensing, the method comprising the following steps: constructing a virtual working environment for GIS equipment, installing acoustic, photoelectric detection sensors and a discharge simulation device in the virtual working environment for GIS equipment to simulate a local discharge fault in the GIS equipment; detecting the effective acoustic, photoelectric detection distance of a local discharge fault in the GIS equipment, and adjusting the distance between adjacent acoustic, photoelectric detection groups to be within the effective detection distance; and monitoring the discharge fault in the GIS equipment in real time to determine whether a local discharge fault has occurred in the GIS equipment, so as to evaluate the insulation status of the GIS equipment.

[0010] Construct a virtual working environment for GIS equipment, install acoustic and photoelectric detection sensors and discharge simulation devices in the virtual working environment of GIS equipment to simulate partial discharge failures of GIS equipment, including: building a sealed simulation chamber to simulate the gas composition, light intensity, and sound insulation effect of the inner cavity of the sealed simulation chamber of the GIS equipment working environment; installing the discharge simulation device at a fixed point and movably installing the acoustic and photoelectric detection sensors in the virtual working environment of GIS equipment.

[0011] The effective acoustic and photoelectric detection distance for detecting partial discharge faults in GIS equipment is adjusted to be within the effective detection distance, including: using a discharge simulation device to simulate discharge, continuously moving the acoustic and photoelectric detection sensor during the discharge process until the acoustic and photoelectric detection sensor cannot detect the discharge signal; the distance between the acoustic and photoelectric detection sensor and the discharge simulation device when the discharge signal cannot be detected is obtained as the effective detection distance.

[0012] Detect the effective acoustic and photoelectric detection distance of partial discharge faults in GIS equipment, and adjust the distance between adjacent acoustic and photoelectric detection groups to be within the effective detection distance, including: adjusting the discharge intensity of the discharge simulation device, and recording the effective detection distance under different discharge intensities.

[0013] Real-time monitoring of GIS equipment discharge faults is performed to determine whether partial discharge faults have occurred in the GIS equipment, so as to evaluate the insulation status of the GIS equipment. This includes: using cross wavelet transform to extract characteristic information of acoustic, optical, and electrical signals to construct a partial discharge fault assessment model; collecting the acoustic, optical, and location information of the acoustic, optical, and location signals detected by two adjacent groups of acoustic, optical, and location detection groups, and using the partial discharge fault assessment model to determine whether a partial discharge fault has occurred in the GIS equipment, as well as the fault location.

[0014] Cross-wavelet transform is used to extract characteristic information of acoustic, optical and electrical signals, and a partial discharge fault assessment model is constructed, including: using cross-wavelet transform to extract the acoustic, optical and electrical signals of an acoustic and photoelectric detection group at different positions; calculating the cross-wavelet power spectrum and cross-wavelet condensation spectrum of the acoustic, optical and electrical signals at different positions, and deriving the amplitude attenuation and frequency shift of the acoustic, optical and electrical signals with the discharge distance to obtain the reference sound pressure p0, initial light intensity I0 and initial voltage V0.

[0015] Real-time monitoring of GIS equipment discharge faults is performed to determine whether a partial discharge fault has occurred in the GIS equipment, so as to evaluate the insulation status of the GIS equipment. The partial discharge intensity S is:

[0016] S=k1L p +k1log 10 (I)+k3V

[0017] Where k1, k2 and k3 are weight coefficients,

[0018] I=I0e -αx 、V=V0e -βd They are test sound pressure level, test light intensity and test voltage respectively;

[0019] p is the test sound pressure, α is the absorption coefficient of the gas medium in the virtual working environment of the GIS equipment, and β is the attenuation constant;

[0020] x is the distance the optical signal travels, and d is the distance the electrical signal travels.

[0021] The second aspect of the present invention relates to a GIS insulation status analysis system based on acoustic, photoelectric, and composite sensing. The system utilizes the GIS insulation status analysis method based on acoustic, photoelectric, and composite sensing according to the first aspect of the present invention. The system comprises a simulation unit, an adjustment unit, and a test unit. The simulation unit is used to construct a virtual working environment for GIS equipment, in which acoustic, photoelectric, and composite sensing sensors and a discharge simulation device are installed to simulate a partial discharge fault in the GIS equipment. The adjustment unit is used to detect the effective acoustic, photoelectric, and composite sensing distance of a partial discharge fault in the GIS equipment and adjust the distance between adjacent acoustic, photoelectric, and composite sensing groups to be within the effective sensing distance. The test unit is used to monitor the discharge fault in the GIS equipment in real time, determine whether a partial discharge fault has occurred in the GIS equipment, and evaluate the insulation status of the GIS equipment. The third aspect of the present invention relates to a terminal comprising a processor and a storage medium. The storage medium is used to store instructions. The processor is used to operate according to the instructions to execute the steps of the method described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0022] A fourth aspect of the present invention relates to a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0023] The beneficial effect of this invention lies in that, compared with existing technologies, the present invention's GIS insulation status analysis method and system based on combined acoustic, photoelectric sensing utilizes a sealed simulation chamber, acoustic, photoelectric detection sensors, and a discharge simulation device to test the effective detection distance. The effective detection distance is recorded for different discharge intensities, thereby diagnosing partial discharge faults in GIS equipment. This not only improves the accuracy of GIS equipment insulation status detection but also allows for the identification of the location of partial discharge in GIS equipment, facilitating subsequent GIS equipment maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a GIS insulation status analysis method based on acoustic, optical and electrical composite sensing according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a GIS insulation status analysis system based on acoustic, optical and electrical composite sensing according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more accurate, the technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below through multiple specific embodiments. The embodiments used in the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the content of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 1 The first aspect of the present invention relates to a method for analyzing the insulation status of a GIS based on acoustic, optical and electrical composite sensing, and the method includes steps 1 to 3.

[0028] Step 1: construct a virtual working environment for GIS equipment, install acoustic and photoelectric detection sensors and a discharge simulation device in the virtual working environment to simulate partial discharge failure of GIS equipment.

[0029] The method of constructing a virtual working environment for GIS equipment and installing an acoustic-photoelectric detection sensor and a discharge simulation device in the virtual working environment of the GIS equipment to simulate a partial discharge fault of the GIS equipment includes: building a sealed simulation chamber to simulate the gas composition, light intensity, and sound insulation effect of the inner cavity of the sealed simulation chamber of the working environment of the GIS equipment; installing the discharge simulation device at a fixed point and movably installing the acoustic-photoelectric detection sensor in the virtual working environment of the GIS equipment.

[0030] The working environment of GIS equipment is simulated, and acoustic and photoelectric detection sensors and discharge simulation devices are installed to simulate the partial discharge fault detection of experimental GIS equipment, thereby simulating the use environment of GIS equipment, so as to facilitate the detection of effective distance according to the actual use of GIS equipment.

[0031] The discharge simulation device can be a partial discharge generator, specifically designed to simulate discharge phenomena within GIS equipment. Its functions include simulating discharge phenomena, adjusting discharge parameters, and collecting data. The simulated discharge phenomenon generates partial discharges under controlled experimental conditions, simulating discharge conditions that may occur in actual GIS equipment. Adjusting parameters can adjust the discharge voltage, frequency, and duration to study discharge characteristics under different conditions. The partial discharge generator is equipped with a data acquisition system to monitor the characteristics of discharge events in real time.

[0032] The simulated GIS equipment working environment is realized according to the mode of the GIS equipment to be detected. A sealed simulation chamber is built according to the internal environment of the GIS equipment, so that the gas composition inside the sealed chamber is the same as the gas composition inside the GIS equipment, the sound insulation effect inside the sealed simulation chamber is the same as the sound insulation effect of the GIS equipment, and the light intensity inside the sealed simulation chamber is the same as the light intensity inside the GIS equipment, thereby ensuring that the effective distance measured by the acoustic and photoelectric detection sensor in the sealed simulation chamber is the same as the effective detection distance inside the actual GIS equipment of the acoustic and photoelectric detection sensor.

[0033] When constructing the sealed simulation chamber, the external environment of the sealed simulation chamber is made the same as that of the GIS equipment, thereby reducing the interference of external factors on the acoustic and photoelectric detection sensor test. When aligning the acoustic and photoelectric detection sensor and the discharge simulation device, the discharge simulation device is fixed and the acoustic and photoelectric detection sensor is set to be movable. That is, the acoustic and photoelectric detection sensor can be moved within the sealed simulation chamber, thereby changing the distance between the acoustic and photoelectric detection sensor and the discharge simulation device. There should also be no obstacles between the acoustic and photoelectric detection sensor and the discharge simulation device, thereby avoiding the impact of obstacles on the acoustic and photoelectric detection sensor detection and improving the accuracy of data detection.

[0034] Step 2: Detect the effective acoustic and photoelectric detection distance of partial discharge faults in the GIS equipment, and adjust the distance between adjacent acoustic and photoelectric detection groups to be within the effective detection distance.

[0035] The effective acoustic and photoelectric detection distance for detecting partial discharge faults in GIS equipment is adjusted to be within the effective detection distance, including: using a discharge simulation device to simulate discharge, continuously moving the acoustic and photoelectric detection sensor during the discharge process until the acoustic and photoelectric detection sensor cannot detect the discharge signal; the distance between the acoustic and photoelectric detection sensor and the discharge simulation device when the discharge signal cannot be detected is obtained as the effective detection distance.

[0036] The test detects the effective detection distance of the acoustic, photoelectric and other devices, and is to make the discharge simulation device simulate discharge in a sealed simulation chamber, and make the acoustic, photoelectric and other devices detect the discharge, and continuously move the acoustic, photoelectric and other devices to increase the distance between the acoustic, photoelectric and other devices and the discharge simulation device, and perform multiple sets of data tests at different distances between the acoustic, photoelectric and other devices and the discharge simulation device, so as to improve the accuracy of data detection, until the photoelectric data measured by the acoustic, photoelectric and other devices is invalid, that is, the discharge situation of the discharge simulation device cannot be judged by the data detected by the acoustic, photoelectric and other devices.

[0037] At this point, the distance between the acoustic and photoelectric detection sensor and the discharge simulator is the effective detection distance. When measuring the effective detection distance, changing the discharge intensity of the discharge simulator changes the effective detection distance of the acoustic and photoelectric detection sensor accordingly. Recording the effective detection distance of the acoustic and photoelectric detection sensor at different discharge intensities provides data reference for subsequent partial discharge failures in GIS equipment, allowing for the measurement of the magnitude and location of partial discharge in the GIS equipment and improving detection accuracy.

[0038] Detect the effective acoustic and photoelectric detection distance of partial discharge faults in GIS equipment, and adjust the distance between adjacent acoustic and photoelectric detection groups to be within the effective detection distance, including: adjusting the discharge intensity of the discharge simulation device, and recording the effective detection distance under different discharge intensities.

[0039] To build an acoustic and photoelectric detection group, multiple acoustic and photoelectric detection groups are installed on the GIS equipment, and the distance between two adjacent acoustic and photoelectric detection groups is less than the effective detection distance. When selecting the effective detection distance data, the corresponding effective detection distance is selected based on the intensity of the partial discharge generated by the GIS equipment. When building the acoustic and photoelectric detection group, there should be no obstacles between the two acoustic and photoelectric detection groups. When there are obstacles between the two acoustic and photoelectric detection groups, the installation distance between the two acoustic and photoelectric detection groups is shortened to avoid the impact of the obstacles on the acoustic and photoelectric detection groups. The installation distance and installation location of the two acoustic and photoelectric detection groups are recorded. The insulation status of the GIS equipment is detected through the acoustic and photoelectric detection group, and the detection data is uploaded.

[0040] Step 3: Monitor the GIS equipment discharge fault in real time to determine whether the GIS equipment has a partial discharge fault, so as to evaluate the insulation status of the GIS equipment.

[0041] Data processing is the processing of data uploaded by the acoustic and photoelectric detection group, that is, denoising and normalizing the data, using cross-wavelet transform to extract the characteristic information of acoustic, optical and electrical signals, and judging whether a partial discharge fault has occurred in the GIS equipment based on the characteristic information of the processed acoustic, optical and electrical signals. The cross-wavelet transform to extract the characteristic information of acoustic, optical and electrical signals includes: pre-processing the original signals such as denoising and normalization to improve the accuracy of subsequent analysis, selecting appropriate wavelet basis functions, such as Morlet wavelet and Daubechies wavelet, etc., selecting the appropriate scale range according to the characteristics of the signal and analysis requirements, performing wavelet transform on the two signals respectively, and obtaining their time-frequency representations at different scales. By calculating the product of the wavelet transforms of the two signals, the cross-wavelet transform result is obtained, and the relationship between them is analyzed. Feature information such as peak value, phase information and localization features are extracted from the cross-wavelet transform result.

[0042] Real-time monitoring of GIS equipment discharge faults is performed to determine whether partial discharge faults have occurred in the GIS equipment, so as to evaluate the insulation status of the GIS equipment. This includes: using cross wavelet transform to extract characteristic information of acoustic, optical, and electrical signals to construct a partial discharge fault assessment model; collecting the acoustic, optical, and location information of the acoustic, optical, and location signals detected by two adjacent groups of acoustic, optical, and location detection groups, and using the partial discharge fault assessment model to determine whether a partial discharge fault has occurred in the GIS equipment, as well as the fault location.

[0043] Cross-wavelet transform is used to extract characteristic information of acoustic, optical and electrical signals, and a partial discharge fault assessment model is constructed, including: using cross-wavelet transform to extract the acoustic, optical and electrical signals of an acoustic and photoelectric detection group at different positions; calculating the cross-wavelet power spectrum and cross-wavelet condensation spectrum of the acoustic, optical and electrical signals at different positions, and deriving the amplitude attenuation and frequency shift of the acoustic, optical and electrical signals with the discharge distance to obtain the reference sound pressure p0, initial light intensity I0 and initial voltage V0.

[0044] Real-time monitoring of GIS equipment discharge faults is performed to determine whether partial discharge faults have occurred in the GIS equipment and to assess the insulation status of the GIS equipment, including:

[0045] The partial discharge intensity S is:

[0046] S=k1L p +k2log 10 (I)+k3V

[0047] Where k1, k2, and k3 are weight coefficients used to adjust the contribution of different signals to the summation intensity;

[0048] I=I0e -αx 、V=V0e -βdThey are test sound pressure level, test light intensity and test voltage respectively;

[0049] p is the test sound pressure, α is the absorption coefficient of the gas medium in the virtual working environment of the GIS equipment, and β is the attenuation constant;

[0050] x is the distance the optical signal travels, and d is the distance the electrical signal travels.

[0051] I is the light intensity at the optical signal propagation distance x, and V is the voltage at the electrical signal propagation distance d. The cross-wavelet transform can be used to solve the amplitude attenuation and frequency shift of the acoustic, optical, and electrical signals with the discharge distance, and simulate the attenuation curves of the optical signal propagation and electrical signal propagation distance under different partial discharge types. Different partial discharge types are obtained by adjusting the parameters such as discharge voltage, frequency, and duration of the partial discharge generator.

[0052] The set signal detection threshold T is used to determine whether partial discharge occurs in the GIS equipment. When the signal detection threshold is greater than the equal interval set value, partial discharge occurs in the GIS equipment.

[0053] The signal strength detected by two adjacent groups of acoustic, photoelectric detection groups is used to locate the location of the GIS equipment failure. That is, when both groups of acoustic, photoelectric detection groups detect partial discharge in the GIS equipment, the ratio of the locations where the partial discharge of the GIS equipment occurs between the two groups of acoustic, photoelectric detection groups can be obtained based on the ratio of the M intensities. In addition, based on the installation positions of the two groups of acoustic, photoelectric detection groups, the location where the partial discharge of the GIS equipment occurs can be obtained, which facilitates subsequent targeted maintenance.

[0054]

[0055] S1 and S2 are the signal strengths detected by two adjacent groups of acoustic and optical detection groups.

[0056] Based on the evaluation of GIS equipment, it is determined whether the GIS equipment has a partial discharge fault. When a partial discharge fault occurs, an alarm is issued to remind staff to perform inspection and maintenance. A maintenance plan is also provided to assist staff in maintaining the GIS equipment, thereby improving the efficiency of GIS equipment maintenance.

[0057] In the second aspect of the present invention, Figure 2As shown, a GIS insulation status analysis system based on acoustic, photoelectric composite sensing is provided, and the system is implemented by the method described in the first aspect of the present invention; the system includes a simulation unit, an adjustment unit and a test unit; the simulation unit is used to construct a virtual working environment for GIS equipment, and install acoustic, photoelectric detection sensors and a discharge simulation device in the virtual working environment for GIS equipment to simulate a partial discharge fault of the GIS equipment; the adjustment unit is used to detect the effective acoustic, photoelectric detection distance of the partial discharge fault of the GIS equipment, and adjust the distance between adjacent acoustic, photoelectric detection groups to be within the effective detection distance; the test unit is used to monitor the discharge fault of the GIS equipment in real time, determine whether a partial discharge fault occurs in the GIS equipment, and evaluate the insulation status of the GIS equipment.

[0058] Establishing an acoustic, photoelectric data processing system is to establish a system for detecting the insulation status of GIS equipment, including but not limited to one or more GIS equipment detection modules, data transmission modules, data processing modules, data analysis modules, alarm modules, data storage modules and inspection and maintenance modules. The GIS equipment detection module detects the partial discharge data of the GIS equipment through acoustic, photoelectric detection sensors. The data transmission module is used to process the data detected by the GIS equipment to provide accurate data for GIS equipment fault analysis. The data analysis module is used to judge and analyze the processed data to determine whether the GIS equipment has a partial discharge fault. The alarm module is used to issue an alarm to remind staff that the GIS equipment has a fault. The data storage module is used to store the data generated by the GIS equipment insulation status detection system to facilitate the subsequent retrieval of the GIS equipment detection and maintenance data, so as to determine the cause of the GIS equipment fault. Then, based on the cause of the fault, the GIS equipment can be prevented from similar faults.

[0059] A third aspect of the present invention relates to a terminal, comprising a processor and a storage medium; the storage medium is used to store instructions; and the processor is used to operate according to the instructions to execute the steps of the method described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0060] A fourth aspect of the present invention relates to a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the technical solutions of the present invention still include modifications or equivalent substitutions that may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A GIS insulation status analysis method based on acoustic, optical and electrical composite sensing, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Construct a virtual working environment for GIS equipment, install acoustic and photoelectric detection sensors and discharge simulation devices in the virtual working environment to simulate partial discharge failures of GIS equipment; Detect the effective detection distance of sound and light for partial discharge faults in GIS equipment, and adjust the distance between adjacent sound and light detection groups to be within the effective detection distance; Real-time monitoring of GIS equipment discharge faults can be performed to determine whether partial discharge faults have occurred in the GIS equipment and to assess the insulation status of the GIS equipment.

2. The GIS insulation status analysis method based on acoustic, optical and electrical composite sensing according to claim 1 is characterized by: The method of constructing a virtual working environment for GIS equipment and installing an acoustic and photoelectric detection sensor and a discharge simulation device in the virtual working environment for simulating a partial discharge fault of the GIS equipment includes: Build a sealed simulation chamber to simulate the gas composition, light intensity, and sound insulation effect of the sealed simulation chamber's inner cavity in the working environment of the GIS equipment; The discharge simulation device is installed at a fixed point, and the acoustic and photoelectric detection sensor is installed movably in the virtual working environment of the GIS equipment.

3. The GIS insulation status analysis method based on acoustic, optical and electrical composite sensing according to claim 2 is characterized by: The effective acoustic and photoelectric detection distance for detecting partial discharge faults in GIS equipment, and adjusting the distance between adjacent acoustic and photoelectric detection groups to be within the effective detection distance, include: A discharge simulation device is used to simulate discharge, and the acoustic and photoelectric detection sensor is continuously moved during the discharge process until the acoustic and photoelectric detection sensor cannot detect the discharge signal; The distance between the acoustic and photoelectric detection sensor and the discharge simulation device when no discharge signal is detected is the effective detection distance.

4. The GIS insulation status analysis method based on acoustic, optical and electrical composite sensing according to claim 3 is characterized by: The effective acoustic and photoelectric detection distance for detecting partial discharge faults in GIS equipment, and adjusting the distance between adjacent acoustic and photoelectric detection groups to be within the effective detection distance, include: Adjust the discharge intensity of the discharge simulation device and record the effective detection distance under different discharge intensities.

5. The GIS insulation status analysis method based on acoustic, optical and electrical composite sensing according to claim 4 is characterized by: The real-time monitoring of GIS equipment discharge faults to determine whether a partial discharge fault has occurred in the GIS equipment and to evaluate the insulation status of the GIS equipment includes: Cross wavelet transform is used to extract characteristic information of acoustic, optical and electrical signals and construct a partial discharge fault assessment model. The acoustic, optical and electrical signal strength and location information detected by two adjacent acoustic, optical and electrical detection groups are collected, and the partial discharge fault assessment model is used to determine whether a partial discharge fault occurs in the GIS equipment and the fault location.

6. The GIS insulation status analysis method based on acoustic, optical and electrical composite sensing according to claim 5 is characterized by: The method of extracting characteristic information of sound, light and electrical signals by cross wavelet transform and constructing a partial discharge fault assessment model includes: Cross wavelet transform is used to extract the acoustic, optical and electrical signals of an acoustic-photoelectric detection group at different positions; The cross-wavelet power spectrum and cross-wavelet condensation spectrum of the acoustic, light and electrical signals at different positions are calculated, and the amplitude attenuation and frequency shift of the acoustic, light and electrical signals with the discharge distance are derived to obtain the reference sound pressure p0, initial light intensity I0 and initial voltage V0.

7. The GIS insulation status analysis method based on acoustic, optical and electrical composite sensing according to claim 6 is characterized by: The real-time monitoring of GIS equipment discharge faults to determine whether a partial discharge fault has occurred in the GIS equipment and to evaluate the insulation status of the GIS equipment includes: The partial discharge intensity S is: S=k1L p +k2log 10 (I)+k3V Where k1, k2 and k3 are weight coefficients, I=I0e -αx 、V=V0e -βd They are respectively test sound pressure level, test light intensity and test voltage; p is the test sound pressure, α is the absorption coefficient of the gas medium in the virtual working environment of the GIS equipment, and β is the attenuation constant; x is the distance the optical signal travels, and d is the distance the electrical signal travels.

8. A GIS insulation status analysis system based on acoustic, optical and electrical composite sensing, characterized by: The system is implemented using a GIS insulation status analysis method based on acoustic, optical and electrical composite sensing as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; The system includes a simulation unit, a regulation unit and a testing unit; The simulation unit is used to construct a virtual working environment for GIS equipment, and install an acoustic and photoelectric detection sensor and a discharge simulation device in the virtual working environment of the GIS equipment to simulate a partial discharge fault of the GIS equipment; The adjustment unit is used to detect the effective detection distance of sound and light for partial discharge faults of GIS equipment and adjust the distance between adjacent sound and light detection groups to be within the effective detection distance; The test unit is used to monitor the discharge fault of the GIS equipment in real time, determine whether the GIS equipment has a partial discharge fault, and evaluate the insulation status of the GIS equipment.

9. A terminal comprising a processor and a storage medium; characterized in that: The storage medium is used to store instructions; The processor is configured to operate according to the instructions to execute the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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