Phase-entering test method for large compressed air energy storage project

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-scale compressed air energy storage project phase-leading test method, and the method comprises the steps: configuring phase-leading test equipment which at least comprises a test power supply, a test instrument, and a protection device; formulating a phase-leading test scheme according to the generator data and the compressed air energy storage system data, wherein the phase-leading test scheme at least comprises test conditions and preparatory work, a test operation mode and test steps; obtaining experimental data according to the phase-leading test scheme, sorting and analyzing the experimental data, evaluating the performance and stability of the generator, and obtaining an experimental analysis result; and according to an experimental analysis result, generating improvement measures and suggestions, and optimizing parameters of the generator. And a real-time monitoring technology is adopted, namely a modern communication technology is utilized, so that real-time transmission and monitoring of test data are realized, and the accuracy and the real-time performance of the test are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy storage technology, in particular to a phase-advancing test method for a large-scale compressed air energy storage project. Background Art

[0002] Currently, my country's commissioning and operation technologies for compressed air energy storage power stations are still immature. Existing demonstration projects generally suffer from small installed capacity, low efficiency, lack of long-term grid-connected operation experience, grid-inflexibility, and limited regulation capabilities. With the gradual increase in installed capacity, compressed air energy storage is developing toward the 300MW level, but this also places higher demands on the system's economic efficiency, grid-related performance, reliability, and safety. To meet the energy internet upgrade requirements outlined in the State Grid Corporation of China's Dual Carbon Action Plan, which call for "promoting the interconnection and mutual assistance of various energy sources, supporting the large-scale and friendly integration of renewable energy generation and diversified energy storage into the grid," fully leveraging the supporting role of compressed air energy storage in the new power system dominated by renewable energy is an urgent issue that needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to design a phase-advance test method for a large-scale compressed gas energy storage project.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention to achieve the above object is that, further, in the above-mentioned large-scale compressed gas energy storage project phase-advance test method, the large-scale compressed gas energy storage project phase-advance test method includes the following steps:

[0005] Configure phase-advancing test equipment, which at least includes a test power supply, a test instrument, and a protection device;

[0006] Formulate a phase-advance test plan based on the generator data and the compressed air energy storage system data, wherein the phase-advance test plan at least includes test conditions and preparations, test operation mode, and test steps;

[0007] Acquire experimental data according to the phase-advancing test scheme, organize and analyze the experimental data, evaluate the performance and stability of the generator, and obtain experimental analysis results;

[0008] Based on the experimental analysis results, improvement measures and suggestions are generated, and the parameters of the generator are optimized.

[0009] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned phase-advancing test method for a large-scale compressed gas energy storage project, the phase-advancing test equipment is configured, and the phase-advancing test equipment includes at least a test power supply, a test instrument, and a protection device, including:

[0010] The active power of the generator shall not exceed 300MW; the outlet voltage of the generator shall not be lower than 18kV; the stator current shall not exceed the rated value of 10188.5A; the excitation current shall not exceed the rated value of 1821.82A; the 10kV plant power bus voltage shall not be lower than 9.5kV; the 380V low-voltage plant bus voltage of the power plant shall not be lower than 361V; the 220kV bus voltage shall be maintained within the prescribed range; the power angle of the generator shall not exceed 70° during leading-phase operation.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned phase-advance test method for a large-scale compressed gas energy storage project, the test conditions and preparatory work include:

[0012] The generator is in 300MW operation state, all temperature measuring components and instruments of the generator are working normally, and the reactive power meter shows positive and negative values;

[0013] The generator automatic generation control AGC and other functional components that regulate the generator active power are out of operation;

[0014] The generator automatic voltage control AVC is exited, and other functional components and limiting links that affect the generator reactive power other than the excitation regulator are exited or cancelled, so that the reactive power can be adjusted smoothly and stably;

[0015] The test electrical monitoring quantities include: three-phase stator voltage, stator current, rotor voltage, rotor current, and high-voltage side voltage of the generator main transformer;

[0016] Through the DCS screen, the temperature of each temperature measuring point of the generator is monitored using the existing temperature measuring elements of the generator, and the vibration of the unit shaft system is monitored at the same time.

[0017] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned phase-advance test method for a large-scale compressed gas energy storage project, the test operation mode includes:

[0018] The power plant's 220kV outgoing line operation mode is operated in accordance with the dispatching requirements. The unit's 10kV plant-use working bus is supplied by the generator through the phase station transformer. The step-up transformer and plant-use transformer tap changers are placed in the dispatching required positions. The generator's automatic excitation regulator is put into operation, and the unit's automatic voltage control AVC and automatic generation control AGC are exited.

[0019] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned phase-advance test method for a large-scale compressed gas energy storage project, the test operation mode includes:

[0020] Adjust the generator active power to P = 300MW and operate in the delayed phase state. After stabilization, measure the generator electrical quantities, power angle, 220kV, 10kV and 380V bus voltages, and the main transformer outgoing reactive power flow. Record the temperature of each part of the generator and the maximum value of the bearing vibration.

[0021] Adjust the generator underexcitation limit to -10Mvar, perform a functional check on the static characteristics of the underexcitation limit link, keep the generator active output unchanged, and gradually reduce the excitation current. During the unit's slow phase advance, the underexcitation limit link will operate normally and issue an alarm signal.

[0022] After increasing the generator excitation current to make the generator enter the delayed phase operation state, the dynamic characteristics of the low excitation limit link are functionally checked and tested by the step method under a given voltage. The step amount is no more than 4%, the generator active power does not have equal amplitude or divergent oscillation, and the number of reactive power fluctuations is no more than 5 times;

[0023] According to the operating gear of the main transformer during the test, the low excitation limit of the generator is readjusted based on the corresponding maximum phase leading depth simulation calculation value;

[0024] Keep the generator active output constant and gradually reduce the excitation current. Continue the generator leading phase operation. If there are no abnormalities, continue to reduce the excitation current. When the maximum leading phase depth is reached for this operating condition, measure the generator's electrical quantities, power angle, 220kV, 10kV, and 380V bus voltages, and the main transformer's outgoing reactive power flow. Simultaneously, record the maximum temperatures of the generator components and the bearing vibration.

[0025] Increase the generator excitation current to put the generator into delayed phase operation and adjust the generator active power to P = 225MW. After stabilization, measure the generator electrical quantities, power angle, 220kV, 10kV and 380V bus voltages, and the main transformer outgoing reactive power flow. Simultaneously, record the temperature of each part of the generator and the maximum value of the bearing vibration.

[0026] Increase the generator excitation current to put the generator into delayed phase operation and adjust the generator active power to P = 150MW. After stabilization, measure the generator electrical quantities, power angle, 220kV, 10kV and 380V bus voltages, and the main transformer outgoing reactive power flow. Simultaneously, record the temperature of each part of the generator and the maximum value of the bearing vibration.

[0027] Increase the generator excitation current to make the generator enter the delayed phase operation state, and adjust the generator load to the normal operating condition.

[0028] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned phase-advancing test method for a large-scale compressed gas energy storage project, obtaining experimental data according to the phase-advancing test scheme, and organizing and analyzing the experimental data to evaluate the performance and stability of the generator and obtain experimental analysis results include:

[0029] Using sensor network technology, the voltage parameters, current parameters, power parameters, frequency parameters, and temperature parameters of each key node of the generator and compressed air energy storage system are collected at a sampling frequency of 1000 times per second to obtain real-time experimental data.

[0030] A Kalman filter algorithm is used to remove noise interference mixed in during the real-time parameter data acquisition process to obtain initial experimental data;

[0031] The missing values in the initial experimental data are filled with a linear interpolation algorithm to obtain target experimental data.

[0032] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned phase-advancing test method for a large-scale compressed gas energy storage project, obtaining experimental data according to the phase-advancing test scheme, organizing and analyzing the experimental data, evaluating the performance and stability of the generator, and obtaining experimental analysis results, further includes:

[0033] Obtain target experimental data, and perform dimensionality reduction processing on the target experimental data using the PCA principal component analysis dimensionality reduction model.

[0034] By eigendecomposing the covariance matrix, the orthogonal principal components with the largest variance in the target experimental data are obtained, and the original high-dimensional data are projected into a low-dimensional space to obtain dimensionality-reduced experimental data.

[0035] An ARMA autoregressive moving average model was established, with key performance indicators such as generator active power, reactive power, and terminal voltage set as dependent variables; and phase lead depth, system frequency, and energy storage system charge and discharge status as independent variables.

[0036] The fluctuation trend of key parameters of the generator is predicted based on the time series of historical test data, and the stability threshold is set. If the predicted value exceeds the threshold, the early warning mechanism is triggered immediately.

[0037] Furthermore, in the aforementioned phase-advance test method for a large-scale compressed gas energy storage project, generating improvement measures and suggestions based on the experimental analysis results and optimizing the parameters of the generator further includes:

[0038] The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to optimize the generator parameters, and the excitation voltage parameters and reactive compensation capacity are set as particle position vectors.

[0039] With the objective function of maximizing generator efficiency and enhancing stability, particles iteratively fly and update their positions in the solution space following individual and global extreme values, and finally converge to the optimal solution of parameters to obtain the optimized parameters of the generator.

[0040] Furthermore, a system for implementing a phase-advance test method for a large-scale compressed gas energy storage project is provided, characterized in that the system includes the following modules:

[0041] An equipment configuration module, configured to configure a phase-advancing test device, wherein the phase-advancing test device includes at least a test power supply, a test instrument, and a protection device;

[0042] A program formulation module is used to formulate a phase-advancing test program based on the generator data and the compressed air energy storage system data. The phase-advancing test program at least includes test conditions and preparations, test operation mode, and test steps;

[0043] A result analysis module is used to obtain experimental data according to the phase-advancing test scheme, organize and analyze the experimental data, evaluate the performance and stability of the generator, and obtain experimental analysis results;

[0044] The parameter optimization module is used to generate improvement measures and suggestions based on the experimental analysis results and optimize the parameters of the generator.

[0045] Its beneficial effect is that, by configuring the phase-advancing test equipment, the phase-advancing test equipment includes at least a test power supply, a test instrument, and a protection device; formulating a phase-advancing test plan based on the generator data and the compressed air energy storage system data, the phase-advancing test plan includes at least test conditions and preparations, test operation mode and test steps; obtaining experimental data according to the phase-advancing test plan, and organizing and analyzing the test data to evaluate the performance and stability of the generator and obtain experimental analysis results; generating improvement measures and suggestions based on the experimental analysis results, and optimizing the parameters of the generator. (1) Adopting real-time monitoring technology: using modern communication technology to achieve real-time transmission and monitoring of test data, thereby improving the accuracy and real-time performance of the test. (2) Introducing artificial intelligence technology: using artificial intelligence algorithms to analyze and predict test data, discover potential faults of the generator, and issue early warnings. (3) Establishing a multi-parameter comprehensive evaluation system: combining multiple parameters such as the generator's voltage, current, frequency, power factor, etc., to construct a comprehensive evaluation system to comprehensively evaluate the generator's operating status. (4) Optimizing the test plan: formulating targeted test plans based on different types of compressed air energy storage projects to improve the pertinence and effectiveness of the test. (5) Conduct long-term operation tests: Conduct long-term operation tests on the generator to verify its reliability and stability during long-term operation. (6) Establish a complete test standard system: Combine relevant domestic and international standards to develop a complete set of compressed air energy storage project phase-advance test standard systems to provide a reference for the industry. Through the above key points and innovations, the compressed air energy storage project phase-advance test method will be more scientific and rigorous, which will help improve the reliability and stability of the generator and ensure its safety and stability during long-term operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art by reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment.The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiment and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention.

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a phase-advance test method for a large-scale compressed gas energy storage project according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a phase-advance test method for a large-scale compressed gas energy storage project according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a third embodiment of a phase-advance test method for a large-scale compressed gas energy storage project in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0051] Those skilled in the art will understand that, unless otherwise stated, the singular forms "a," "an," "said," and "the" used herein may also include plural forms. It should be further understood that the term "comprising" used in the description of the present invention refers to the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0052] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 As shown, a phase-advance test method for a large-scale compressed gas energy storage project is provided, and the phase-advance test method for a large-scale compressed gas energy storage project comprises the following steps:

[0053] Step 101: Configure phase-advancing test equipment, which at least includes a test power supply, a test instrument, and a protection device;

[0054] Specifically, in this embodiment, the active power of the generator does not exceed 300MW; the generator outlet voltage is not lower than 18kV; the stator current does not exceed the rated value of 10188.5A; the excitation current does not exceed the rated value of 1821.82A; the 10kV plant power bus voltage is not lower than 9.5kV; the 380V low-voltage plant bus voltage of the power plant is not lower than 361V; the 220kV bus voltage is maintained within the specified range; and the power angle of the generator is not greater than 70° during leading-phase operation.

[0055] Step 102: Formulate a phase-advancing test plan based on the generator data and the compressed air energy storage system data. The phase-advancing test plan at least includes test conditions and preparations, test operation mode, and test steps.

[0056] Specifically, in this embodiment

[0057] The generator is in 300MW operation state, all temperature measuring components and instruments of the generator are working normally, and the reactive power meter shows positive and negative values;

[0058] The generator automatic generation control AGC and other functional components that regulate the generator active power are out of operation;

[0059] The generator automatic voltage control AVC is exited, and other functional components and limiting links that affect the generator reactive power other than the excitation regulator are exited or cancelled, so that the reactive power can be adjusted smoothly and stably;

[0060] The test electrical monitoring quantities include: three-phase stator voltage, stator current, rotor voltage, rotor current, and high-voltage side voltage of the generator main transformer;

[0061] Through the DCS screen, the temperature of each temperature measuring point of the generator is monitored using the existing temperature measuring elements of the generator, and the vibration of the unit shaft system is monitored at the same time.

[0062] The power plant's 220kV outgoing line operation mode is operated in accordance with the dispatching requirements. The unit's 10kV plant-use working bus is supplied by the generator through the phase station transformer. The step-up transformer and plant-use transformer tap changers are placed in the dispatching required positions. The generator's automatic excitation regulator is put into operation, and the unit's automatic voltage control AVC and automatic generation control AGC are exited.

[0063] Adjust the generator active power to P = 300MW and operate in the delayed phase state. After stabilization, measure the generator electrical quantities, power angle, 220kV, 10kV and 380V bus voltages, and the main transformer outgoing reactive power flow. Record the temperature of each part of the generator and the maximum value of the bearing vibration.

[0064] Adjust the generator underexcitation limit to -10Mvar, perform a functional check on the static characteristics of the underexcitation limit link, keep the generator active output unchanged, and gradually reduce the excitation current. During the unit's slow phase advance, the underexcitation limit link will operate normally and issue an alarm signal.

[0065] After increasing the generator excitation current to make the generator enter the delayed phase operation state, the dynamic characteristics of the low excitation limit link are functionally checked and tested by the step method under a given voltage. The step amount is no more than 4%, the generator active power does not have equal amplitude or divergent oscillation, and the number of reactive power fluctuations is no more than 5 times;

[0066] According to the operating gear of the main transformer during the test, the low excitation limit of the generator is readjusted based on the corresponding maximum phase leading depth simulation calculation value;

[0067] Keep the generator active output constant and gradually reduce the excitation current. Continue the generator leading phase operation. If there are no abnormalities, continue to reduce the excitation current. When the maximum leading phase depth is reached for this operating condition, measure the generator's electrical quantities, power angle, 220kV, 10kV, and 380V bus voltages, and the main transformer's outgoing reactive power flow. Simultaneously, record the maximum temperatures of the generator components and the bearing vibration.

[0068] Increase the generator excitation current to put the generator into delayed phase operation and adjust the generator active power to P = 225MW. After stabilization, measure the generator electrical quantities, power angle, 220kV, 10kV and 380V bus voltages, and the main transformer outgoing reactive power flow. Simultaneously, record the temperature of each part of the generator and the maximum value of the bearing vibration.

[0069] Increase the generator excitation current to put the generator into delayed phase operation and adjust the generator active power to P = 150MW. After stabilization, measure the generator electrical quantities, power angle, 220kV, 10kV and 380V bus voltages, and the main transformer outgoing reactive power flow. Simultaneously, record the temperature of each part of the generator and the maximum value of the bearing vibration.

[0070] Increase the generator excitation current to make the generator enter the delayed phase operation state, and adjust the generator load to the normal operating condition.

[0071] Step 103: Acquire experimental data according to the phase-advancing test plan, organize and analyze the experimental data, evaluate the performance and stability of the generator, and obtain experimental analysis results;

[0072] Specifically, in this embodiment

[0073] Using sensor network technology, the voltage parameters, current parameters, power parameters, frequency parameters, and temperature parameters of each key node of the generator and compressed air energy storage system are collected at a sampling frequency of 1000 times per second to obtain real-time experimental data.

[0074] The Kalman filter algorithm is used to remove the noise interference mixed in during the real-time parameter data acquisition process to obtain the initial experimental data;

[0075] The missing values in the initial experimental data are filled with linear interpolation algorithm to obtain the target experimental data.

[0076] Obtain target experimental data and use PCA principal component analysis dimensionality reduction model to reduce the dimension of target experimental data.

[0077] Through the eigendecomposition of the covariance matrix, the orthogonal principal components with the largest variance in the target experimental data are obtained, and the original high-dimensional data are projected into a low-dimensional space to obtain the reduced-dimensional experimental data.

[0078] An ARMA autoregressive moving average model was established, with key performance indicators such as generator active power, reactive power, and terminal voltage set as dependent variables; and phase lead depth, system frequency, and energy storage system charge and discharge status as independent variables.

[0079] The fluctuation trend of key parameters of the generator is predicted based on the time series of historical test data, and the stability threshold is set. If the predicted value exceeds the threshold, the early warning mechanism is triggered immediately.

[0080] Step 104: Generate improvement measures and suggestions based on the experimental analysis results, and optimize the parameters of the generator.

[0081] Specifically, in this embodiment

[0082] The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to optimize the generator parameters, and the excitation voltage parameters and reactive compensation capacity are set as particle position vectors.

[0083] With the objective function of maximizing generator efficiency and enhancing stability, particles iteratively fly and update their positions in the solution space following individual and global extreme values, and finally converge to the optimal solution of parameters to obtain the optimized parameters of the generator.

[0084] Its beneficial effect is that, by configuring the phase-advancing test equipment, the phase-advancing test equipment includes at least a test power supply, a test instrument, and a protection device; formulating a phase-advancing test plan based on the generator data and the compressed air energy storage system data, the phase-advancing test plan includes at least test conditions and preparations, test operation mode and test steps; obtaining experimental data according to the phase-advancing test plan, and organizing and analyzing the test data to evaluate the performance and stability of the generator and obtain experimental analysis results; generating improvement measures and suggestions based on the experimental analysis results, and optimizing the parameters of the generator. (1) Adopting real-time monitoring technology: using modern communication technology to achieve real-time transmission and monitoring of test data, improving the accuracy and real-time nature of the test. (2) Introducing artificial intelligence technology: using artificial intelligence algorithms to analyze and predict test data, discover potential faults of the generator, and issue early warnings. (3) Establishing a multi-parameter comprehensive evaluation system: combining multiple parameters such as the generator's voltage, current, frequency, power factor, etc., to construct a comprehensive evaluation system to comprehensively evaluate the generator's operating status. (4) Optimizing the test plan: formulating targeted test plans based on different types of compressed air energy storage projects to improve the pertinence and effectiveness of the test. (5) Conduct long-term operation tests: Conduct long-term operation tests on the generator to verify its reliability and stability during long-term operation. (6) Establish a complete test standard system: Combine relevant domestic and international standards to develop a complete set of compressed air energy storage project phase-advance test standard systems to provide a reference for the industry. Through the above key points and innovations, the compressed air energy storage project phase-advance test method will be more scientific and rigorous, which will help improve the reliability and stability of the generator and ensure its safety and stability during long-term operation.

[0085] See also Figure 2 In a phase-advancing test method for a large-scale compressed gas energy storage project, obtaining experimental data according to the phase-advancing test plan, organizing and analyzing the test data, evaluating the performance and stability of the generator, and obtaining the experimental analysis results include the following steps:

[0086] Step 201: Obtain target experimental data and perform dimensionality reduction processing on the target experimental data using the PCA principal component analysis dimensionality reduction model.

[0087] Step 202: Obtain the orthogonal principal components with the largest variance in the target experimental data through eigendecomposition of the covariance matrix, project the original high-dimensional data into a low-dimensional space, and obtain reduced-dimensional experimental data.

[0088] Step 203: Establish an ARMA autoregressive moving average model, set key performance indicators such as generator active power, reactive power, and terminal voltage as dependent variables; and set phase lead depth, system frequency, and energy storage system charge and discharge status as independent variables;

[0089] Step 204: Predict the fluctuation trend of the key parameters of the generator based on the time series of historical test data, set a stability threshold, and immediately trigger an early warning mechanism if the predicted value exceeds the threshold.

[0090] See also Figure 3 In a phase-advancing test method for a large-scale compressed gas energy storage project, obtaining experimental data according to the phase-advancing test plan, organizing and analyzing the test data, evaluating the performance and stability of the generator, and obtaining the experimental analysis results include the following steps:

[0091] Step 301: Using sensor network technology to collect voltage parameters, current parameters, power parameters, frequency parameters, and temperature parameters of key nodes of the generator and compressed air energy storage system at a sampling frequency of 1000 times per second to obtain real-time experimental data;

[0092] Step 302: Using a Kalman filter algorithm to remove noise interference mixed in during the real-time parameter data acquisition process to obtain initial experimental data;

[0093] Step 303: Use a linear interpolation algorithm to fill in the missing values in the initial experimental data to obtain target experimental data.

[0094] Specifically, this embodiment also includes

[0095] 1. Limitation conditions for phase-advancing operation

[0096] When the generator is running in phase leading mode, the main factors affecting the generator's phase leading operation capability are the generator terminal voltage, the auxiliary power voltage, the stability of the unit and the grid parallel operation, and the temperature of the stator core end structure. Figure 1 According to the limiting values of the generator leading phase operation on the curve and referring to the actual operation conditions of the units provided by the Yingcheng Compressed Air Energy Storage Power Station, the following Table 1 can be obtained.

[0097] Table 1: Phase-advancing limit of generator #1 of Yingcheng Compressed Air Energy Storage Power Station at different active outputs on the capacity curve

[0098] P(MW) Q(Mvar) 300 -98.8 225 -148.3 150 -176.5

[0099] Since this test strictly controls the generator to be within the PQ curve range provided by the manufacturer, the generator phase leading depth limit test is not performed. Referring to relevant standards and combining with the requirements of Yingcheng Compressed Air Energy Storage Power Station, the limiting conditions of this phase leading operation can be listed:

[0100] (1) The active power of the generator shall not exceed 300MW;

[0101] (2) The generator outlet voltage is not less than 18kV (0.90UN);

[0102] (3) The stator current does not exceed the rated value of 10188.5A;

[0103] (4) The excitation current does not exceed the rated value of 1821.82A;

[0104] (5) The 10kV auxiliary power bus voltage shall not be less than 9.5kV (0.95U10kV);

[0105] (6) The 380V low-voltage plant bus voltage of the power plant shall not be less than 361V (0.95U380V);

[0106] (7) The 220kV bus voltage is maintained within the specified range;

[0107] (8) Considering that sufficient static stability reserve should be left, the power angle of the generator during phase-leading operation should not exceed 70°;

[0108] (9) The temperature of each part of the generator shall not exceed the limit value specified by the manufacturer:

[0109] (10) The vibration of the generator set shaft system is within the specified range.

[0110] In the above conditions, if any limiting condition reaches the limit value during the test, the phase advance will stop.

[0111] Based on the actual operating conditions of the #1 generator at the Yingcheng Compressed Air Energy Storage Power Station, simulation calculations were performed for this phase-leading test. The simulation conclusions are shown in Table 2. These simulation results can serve as a basis for adjusting the underexcitation limit and demagnetization protection settings during the phase-leading test. They also provide a reference for the phase-leading depth during field unit testing. However, the unit's ultimate phase-leading depth should be determined by actual field test results.

[0112] Table 2 Simulation calculation values of the phase advance depth of generator #1 of Yingcheng Compressed Air Energy Storage Power Station

[0113]

[0114]

[0115] 2. Test conditions and preparations

[0116] (1) Generator #1 must be in good condition and capable of operating at 300MW output.

[0117] (2) All temperature measuring components and instruments of generator #1 must be able to operate normally and pass the calibration, and the reactive power meter must be able to display positive and negative values.

[0118] (3) Check and confirm that the automatic channel of the automatic excitation regulator of the #1 generator and all relay protection devices are working properly and are put into operation.

[0119] (4) The power plant should re-verify the underexcitation limit of the #1 generator excitation regulator to meet the static and dynamic calibration requirements of the underexcitation limiter and the leading phase operation requirements. The underexcitation trip function should be disabled, and other regulation, limiting, and protection functions should be enabled normally.

[0120] (5) The power plant should verify that the demagnetization protection setting of generator #1 can meet the needs of the phase advance test and ensure that the maximum phase advance depth in the test will not trigger the generator demagnetization protection.

[0121] (6) The automatic generation control (AGC) of generator #1 and other functional components that regulate the active power of the generator should be shut down.

[0122] (7) The automatic voltage control (AVC) of generator #1 is exited, and other functional components and limiting links that affect the reactive power of the generator other than the excitation regulator should be exited or cancelled, and the reactive power should be able to be adjusted smoothly and stably.

[0123] (8) The cooling conditions of generator #1 meet the test load operation requirements.

[0124] (9) During the test, the designated equipment manufacturer or power plant technicians shall carry out the excitation increase and decrease operations, and a dedicated person shall be assigned to supervise. No modifications shall be made to the unit's related grid-related parameters and fixed values.

[0125] (10) The electrical monitoring quantities for this test include: the three-phase stator voltage and stator current of the #1 generator, the rotor voltage and rotor current, the voltage on the high-voltage side (220kV side) of the #1 generator main transformer, and the 10kV and 380V plant bus voltages of the #1 unit. All of the above monitoring quantities should be connected to monitoring instruments, which should be provided by the test party. Depending on the actual situation on site, monitoring can also be carried out using the power plant's own software.

[0126] (11) Through the DCS screen, the temperature of each temperature measuring point of the #1 generator is monitored using the existing temperature measuring elements of the generator, and the vibration of the unit shaft system is monitored at the same time.

[0127] (12) The power plant should prepare test organization measures and prepare corresponding test operation plans and emergency measures in accordance with the power plant operating procedures.

[0128] (13) During the test, please cooperate with the grid dispatching department and try to meet the requirements of various test conditions.

[0129] 3. Test operation mode

[0130] (1) The operation mode of the power plant's 220kV outgoing line shall be in accordance with the dispatching requirements.

[0131] (2) The 10kV plant service busbar of Unit #1 is supplied with power by the generator #1 through the corresponding station transformer.

[0132] (3) The step-up transformer and plant transformer tap joints are placed at the locations required by the dispatcher.

[0133] (4) The automatic excitation regulator of generator #1 is put into operation and placed in the manual position.

[0134] (5) Automatic voltage control (AVC) and automatic generation control (AGC) of unit #1 are exited

[0135] 4. Test steps

[0136] The generator under test was operated gradually from lagging phase to leading phase under different active power conditions (300MW, 225MW, and 150MW) until any of the leading phase operation restrictions listed in "1. Leading Phase Operation Restrictions" of this solution was met. The specific steps are as follows.

[0137] (1) Adjust the active power of generator #1 to P = 300MW and operate it in the delayed phase state. After stabilization, measure the electrical quantities, power angle, 220kV, 10kV, and 380V busbar voltages, and the reactive power flow of the main transformer output. Record the maximum temperature of each component of generator #1 and the maximum bearing vibration.

[0138] (2) Adjust the #1 generator's low excitation limit to approximately -10 Mvar and perform a functional verification test on the static characteristics of the low excitation limiter. Maintain the #1 generator's active output constant and gradually reduce the excitation current. During the unit's slow phase advance, the low excitation limiter operates normally and issues an alarm signal.

[0139] (3) After increasing the excitation current of generator #1 to bring it into a delayed phase operation state, perform a functional check on the dynamic characteristics of the low excitation limiting link. This is done by performing a step test under a given voltage. The step amount is generally no greater than 4%. The active power of the generator should not exhibit equal amplitude or divergent oscillations, and the number of reactive power fluctuations should not exceed 5. During this process, the active power, reactive power, generator terminal voltage, generator terminal current, rotor voltage, rotor current, etc. are recorded.

[0140] (4) According to the operating gear of the main transformer during the test, the low excitation limit value of the #1 generator is readjusted on the basis of the corresponding maximum phase-advancing depth simulation calculation value to ensure that the low excitation limit does not operate during the phase-advancing process.

[0141] (5) Keep the active output of generator #1 unchanged, and gradually reduce the excitation current. The generator continues to run in the leading phase. During the adjustment process, stop and observe every time the reactive power changes to a certain extent. If there is no abnormality, continue to reduce the excitation current. When the maximum leading phase depth of this operating condition is reached (the leading phase depth is subject to the above-mentioned restrictions or the site conditions), measure the electrical quantities, power angle, 220kV, 10kV and 380V bus voltages and the reactive power flow of the main transformer output of generator #1 at this time, and record the maximum temperature of each part of generator #1 and the maximum value of the bearing vibration.

[0142] (6) Increase the excitation current of generator #1 to put it into delayed phase operation and adjust the active power of generator #1 to P = 225MW. After stabilization, measure the electrical quantities, power angle, 220kV, 10kV, and 380V busbar voltages, and the reactive power flow of the main transformer output. Simultaneously, record the temperature of each part of generator #1 and the maximum value of the bearing vibration. Then repeat step (5).

[0143] (7) Increase the excitation current of generator #1 to make it enter the delayed phase operation state, and adjust the active power of generator #1 to P=150MW. After stabilization, measure the electrical quantities, power angle, 220kV, 10kV and 380V bus voltages and the reactive power flow of the main transformer output of generator #1. At the same time, record the temperature of each part of generator #1 and the maximum value of bearing vibration.

[0144] (8) Increase the excitation current of generator #1 to make it enter the delayed phase operation state, and adjust the load of generator #1 to the normal operating condition. The test leader will check the test data with the power plant personnel to confirm the end of the test. After removing the test wiring, generator #1 will resume normal operation according to the dispatch requirements.

[0145] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A phase-advance test method for a large-scale compressed gas energy storage project, characterized in that: The phase-advance test method of the large-scale compressed gas energy storage project comprises the following steps: Configure phase-advancing test equipment, which at least includes a test power supply, a test instrument, and a protection device; Formulate a phase-advance test plan based on the generator data and the compressed air energy storage system data, wherein the phase-advance test plan at least includes test conditions and preparations, test operation mode, and test steps; Acquire experimental data according to the phase-advancing test scheme, organize and analyze the experimental data, evaluate the performance and stability of the generator, and obtain experimental analysis results; Based on the experimental analysis results, improvement measures and suggestions are generated, and the parameters of the generator are optimized.

2. A phase-advance test method for a large-scale compressed gas energy storage project according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase-advancing test equipment is configured, and the phase-advancing test equipment at least includes a test power supply, a test instrument, and a protection device, including: The active power of the generator shall not exceed 300MW; the outlet voltage of the generator shall not be lower than 18kV; the stator current shall not exceed the rated value of 10188.5A; the excitation current shall not exceed the rated value of 1821.82A; the 10kV plant power bus voltage shall not be lower than 9.5kV; the 380V low-voltage plant bus voltage of the power plant shall not be lower than 361V; the 220kV bus voltage shall be maintained within the prescribed range; the power angle of the generator shall not exceed 70° during leading-phase operation.

3. A phase-advance test method for a large-scale compressed gas energy storage project according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test conditions and preparations include: The generator is in 300MW operation state, all temperature measuring components and instruments of the generator are working normally, and the reactive power meter shows positive and negative values; The generator automatic generation control AGC and other functional components that regulate the generator active power are out of operation; The generator automatic voltage control AVC is exited, and other functional components and limiting links that affect the generator reactive power other than the excitation regulator are exited or cancelled, so that the reactive power can be adjusted smoothly and stably; The test electrical monitoring quantities include: three-phase stator voltage, stator current, rotor voltage, rotor current, and high-voltage side voltage of the generator main transformer; Through the DCS screen, the temperature of each temperature measuring point of the generator is monitored using the existing temperature measuring elements of the generator, and the vibration of the unit shaft system is monitored at the same time.

4. A phase-advance test method for a large-scale compressed gas energy storage project according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test operation mode includes: The power plant's 220kV outgoing line operation mode is operated in accordance with the dispatching requirements. The unit's 10kV plant-use working bus is supplied by the generator through the phase station transformer. The step-up transformer and plant-use transformer tap changers are placed in the dispatching required positions. The generator's automatic excitation regulator is put into operation, and the unit's automatic voltage control AVC and automatic generation control AGC are exited.

5. A phase-advance test method for a large-scale compressed gas energy storage project according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test operation mode includes: Adjust the generator active power to P = 300MW and operate in the delayed phase state. After stabilization, measure the generator electrical quantities, power angle, 220kV, 10kV and 380V bus voltages, and the main transformer outgoing reactive power flow. Record the temperature of each part of the generator and the maximum value of the bearing vibration. Adjust the generator underexcitation limit to -10Mvar, perform a functional check on the static characteristics of the underexcitation limit link, keep the generator active output unchanged, and gradually reduce the excitation current. During the unit's slow phase advance, the underexcitation limit link will operate normally and issue an alarm signal. After increasing the generator excitation current to make the generator enter the delayed phase operation state, the dynamic characteristics of the low excitation limit link are functionally checked and tested by the step method under a given voltage. The step amount is no more than 4%, the generator active power does not have equal amplitude or divergent oscillation, and the number of reactive power fluctuations is no more than 5 times; According to the operating gear of the main transformer during the test, the low excitation limit of the generator is readjusted based on the corresponding maximum phase leading depth simulation calculation value; Keep the generator active output constant and gradually reduce the excitation current. Continue the generator leading phase operation. If there are no abnormalities, continue to reduce the excitation current. When the maximum leading phase depth is reached for this operating condition, measure the generator's electrical quantities, power angle, 220kV, 10kV, and 380V bus voltages, and the main transformer's outgoing reactive power flow. Simultaneously, record the maximum temperatures of the generator components and the bearing vibration. Increase the generator excitation current to put the generator into delayed phase operation and adjust the generator active power to P = 225MW. After stabilization, measure the generator electrical quantities, power angle, 220kV, 10kV and 380V bus voltages, and the main transformer outgoing reactive power flow. Simultaneously, record the temperature of each part of the generator and the maximum value of the bearing vibration. Increase the generator excitation current to put the generator into delayed phase operation and adjust the generator active power to P = 150MW. After stabilization, measure the generator electrical quantities, power angle, 220kV, 10kV and 380V bus voltages, and the main transformer outgoing reactive power flow. Simultaneously, record the temperature of each part of the generator and the maximum value of the bearing vibration. Increase the generator excitation current to make the generator enter the delayed phase operation state, and adjust the generator load to the normal operating condition.

6. A phase-advance test method for a large-scale compressed gas energy storage project according to claim 1, characterized in that: The experimental data is obtained according to the phase-advancing test scheme, and the experimental data is sorted and analyzed to evaluate the performance and stability of the generator to obtain experimental analysis results, including: Using sensor network technology, the voltage parameters, current parameters, power parameters, frequency parameters, and temperature parameters of each key node of the generator and compressed air energy storage system are collected at a sampling frequency of 1000 times per second to obtain real-time experimental data. A Kalman filter algorithm is used to remove noise interference mixed in during the real-time parameter data acquisition process to obtain initial experimental data; The missing values in the initial experimental data are filled with a linear interpolation algorithm to obtain target experimental data.

7. A phase-advance test method for a large-scale compressed gas energy storage project according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of obtaining experimental data according to the phase-advancing test scheme, organizing and analyzing the experimental data, evaluating the performance and stability of the generator, and obtaining experimental analysis results also includes: Obtain target experimental data, and perform dimensionality reduction processing on the target experimental data using the PCA principal component analysis dimensionality reduction model. By eigendecomposing the covariance matrix, the orthogonal principal components with the largest variance in the target experimental data are obtained, and the original high-dimensional data are projected into a low-dimensional space to obtain dimensionality-reduced experimental data. An ARMA autoregressive moving average model was established, with key performance indicators such as generator active power, reactive power, and terminal voltage set as dependent variables; and phase lead depth, system frequency, and energy storage system charge and discharge status as independent variables. The fluctuation trend of key parameters of the generator is predicted based on the time series of historical test data, and the stability threshold is set. If the predicted value exceeds the threshold, the early warning mechanism is triggered immediately.

8. A phase-advance test method for a large-scale compressed gas energy storage project according to claim 1, characterized in that: Generating improvement measures and suggestions based on the experimental analysis results and optimizing the parameters of the generator also includes: The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to optimize the generator parameters, and the excitation voltage parameters and reactive compensation capacity are set as particle position vectors. With the objective function of maximizing generator efficiency and enhancing stability, particles iteratively fly and update their positions in the solution space following individual and global extreme values, and finally converge to the optimal solution of parameters to obtain the optimized parameters of the generator.

9. A system for implementing the phase-advance test method for a large-scale compressed gas energy storage project as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The system includes the following modules: An equipment configuration module, configured to configure a phase-advancing test device, wherein the phase-advancing test device includes at least a test power supply, a test instrument, and a protection device; A program formulation module is used to formulate a phase-advancing test program based on the generator data and the compressed air energy storage system data. The phase-advancing test program at least includes test conditions and preparations, test operation mode, and test steps; A result analysis module is used to obtain experimental data according to the phase-advancing test scheme, organize and analyze the experimental data, evaluate the performance and stability of the generator, and obtain experimental analysis results; The parameter optimization module is used to generate improvement measures and suggestions based on the experimental analysis results and optimize the parameters of the generator.

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