Natural disaster ecological restoration effect evaluation method and evaluation system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of natural disaster ecological restoration effect evaluation methods, discloses a natural disaster ecological restoration effect evaluation method and an evaluation system, and aims to solve the problems that an existing evaluation method is incomplete in index system, single in evaluation method, high in subjectivity, lack of systematicness, low in automation degree and the like. The invention provides a method and a system for comprehensively, objectively and scientifically evaluating the ecological restoration effect of natural disasters by comprehensively applying various evaluation methods including but not limited to an analytic hierarchy process, a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, a principal component analysis method and the like and combining a remote sensing technology, a geographic information system technology and a database technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of natural disaster ecological restoration effectiveness evaluation methods, and specifically to a natural disaster ecological restoration effectiveness evaluation method and evaluation system. Background Art

[0002] As global climate change intensifies and natural disasters occur more frequently, ecological restoration has become an important means to improve the ecological environment and ensure ecological security. Scientific and effective evaluation of ecological restoration effectiveness is crucial for:

[0003] Guiding ecological restoration practices: Through the evaluation results, restoration strategies can be adjusted in a timely manner, restoration plans can be optimized, and restoration efficiency can be improved.

[0004] Measuring the benefits of ecological restoration: The evaluation results can objectively reflect the effectiveness of ecological restoration and provide a scientific basis for government decision-making.

[0005] Promote the development of ecological restoration technology: By evaluating the effectiveness of different restoration technologies, we can promote innovation and progress in ecological restoration technology.

[0006] Currently, the evaluation of the effectiveness of ecological restoration after natural disasters mainly faces the following problems: Imperfect evaluation indicator systems: Existing evaluation indicator systems often focus on single ecological factors or short-term benefits, lacking consideration of the overall, long-term, and sustainable nature of ecosystems. For example, they focus only on vegetation recovery while ignoring changes in soil, water, and biodiversity.

[0007] Single assessment method: Traditional assessment methods often rely on qualitative descriptions or simple quantitative analysis, which makes it difficult to objectively and accurately reflect the complexity and dynamic nature of ecological restoration. For example, assessments based solely on expert experience lack data support and scientific evidence.

[0008] Lack of standardization in the evaluation process: The evaluation process, methods and indicator selection lack unified standards and specifications, resulting in low comparability and credibility of the evaluation results.

[0009] The application of assessment results is limited: Assessment results are mostly presented in the form of reports, which lack intuitive visual expression and decision-making support functions, making it difficult to effectively guide ecological restoration practices.

[0010] In order to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a scientific, effective and standardized evaluation method and evaluation system for the effectiveness of natural disaster ecological restoration, this study proposed an evaluation method based on multiple indicators, multiple methods and standardization, and developed a supporting evaluation system, aiming to provide scientific evaluation tools and decision-making support for ecological restoration practice. Summary of the Invention

[0011] (1) Technical problems solved In response to the deficiencies of the existing technology, the present invention provides a natural disaster ecological restoration effectiveness evaluation method and evaluation system, which solves the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0012] (2) Technical solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method and system for evaluating the effectiveness of ecological restoration after natural disasters, wherein the specific steps of the method are as follows: Step 1: Collecting ecological and environmental background data before the disaster, including topographic data, soil type and attribute data, vegetation cover data, climate and meteorological data, and hydrological condition data; Step 2: Collecting data on the current status of the ecological environment after the disaster. The data corresponds to the background data collected in step 1 and reflects the extent of damage and scope of impact caused by the disaster to the ecological environment. Step 3: Determine an evaluation indicator system, which includes vegetation restoration, soil erosion, hydrological restoration, biodiversity restoration, and ecosystem service function restoration; Step 4: Process and analyze the data collected in steps 1 and 2, and calculate the values of the evaluation indicators determined in step 3; Step 5: Based on the values of the evaluation indicators calculated in step 4, use the comprehensive evaluation model to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the ecological restoration results and output the evaluation results.

[0013] Preferably, when determining the evaluation index system in step 3, corresponding evaluation indicators are selected according to different types of natural disasters and different ecological environmental characteristics, and when processing and analyzing data in step 4, remote sensing technology, geographic information system technology and mathematical model methods are used.

[0014] Preferably, when comprehensively evaluating the effectiveness of natural disaster ecological restoration in step 5, the hierarchical analysis method, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and principal component analysis method are used.

[0015] Preferably, the natural disaster ecological restoration effectiveness evaluation method and evaluation system include a data collection module, a data processing module, an evaluation index system module and a comprehensive evaluation module; The data collection module is responsible for collecting various ecological and environmental data before and after the disaster, providing a data basis for the assessment; The data processing module is used to clean, convert, mine and analyze the collected raw data and calculate the values of various evaluation indicators. The evaluation index system module is used to determine and configure the evaluation index system to provide standards and basis for comprehensive evaluation; The comprehensive evaluation module is used to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the ecological restoration results based on the values and weights of various evaluation indicators using appropriate evaluation methods, and output the evaluation results.

[0016] Preferably, the data collection module includes a remote sensing data acquisition device, a ground monitoring device, a data import interface, a database management system, a mobile data acquisition device and a data quality control module; The remote sensing data acquisition device is used to acquire large-scale, high-resolution spatiotemporal data using satellite remote sensing and drone aerial photography technology; The ground monitoring device is used to collect key ecological and environmental parameters of the disaster area on site; The data import interface imports data from different sources and in different formats into the evaluation system; The database management system is used to store, manage and maintain various types of collected data; The mobile data collection device is used to collect mobile data in areas where it is difficult to deploy fixed monitoring equipment; The data quality control module is used to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the collected data.

[0017] Preferably, the data processing module includes a data cleaning component, a data conversion component, a data mining component, a mathematical modeling component, a data storage and management component, and a data visualization component; The data cleaning component is used to remove noise, outliers and incomplete records in the data to ensure the quality and consistency of the data; The data conversion component is used to convert data from one format or structure to another format or structure to meet the requirements of the evaluation system; The data mining component is used to extract valuable information and knowledge from large amounts of data; The mathematical modeling component establishes a mathematical model based on the data to describe and predict various phenomena in the ecological restoration process; The data storage and management component is used to store and manage the processed data to ensure the security and accessibility of the data; The data visualization component is used to present the data processing results to the user in the form of intuitive charts, images, etc.

[0018] Preferably, the evaluation index system module includes an index selection component, an index weight determination component, an index calculation component, an index threshold setting component and an index system management component; The indicator selection component selects appropriate evaluation indicators from a set of candidate indicators based on the goals and characteristics of ecological restoration; The indicator weight determination component determines the weight of each evaluation indicator in the comprehensive evaluation, reflecting the importance of the indicator; The indicator calculation component calculates the specific value of each evaluation indicator based on the collected data; The indicator threshold setting component sets the threshold of each evaluation indicator to judge the effectiveness of ecological restoration; The indicator system management component is used to manage and maintain the evaluation indicator system to ensure the applicability and effectiveness of the indicator system.

[0019] Preferably, the comprehensive evaluation module includes an evaluation method selection component, an indicator data integration component, a comprehensive evaluation calculation component, an evaluation result analysis component and an evaluation report generation component; The evaluation method selection component selects an appropriate comprehensive evaluation method based on the evaluation objectives and data characteristics; The indicator data integration component is used to integrate the values of various evaluation indicators to prepare for comprehensive evaluation; The comprehensive evaluation calculation component calculates the comprehensive evaluation results based on the selected evaluation method and indicator data; The evaluation result analysis component is used to analyze and interpret the comprehensive evaluation results and provide decision support; The evaluation report generation component is used to automatically generate an evaluation report based on the evaluation results and analysis conclusions.

[0020] Preferably, the operation steps of the natural disaster ecological restoration effectiveness evaluation system are as follows: Step 1: Start the system and load the basic data of the evaluation index system and evaluation method library; Step 2: Collect ecological and environmental data before and after the disaster through remote sensing data acquisition devices and ground monitoring devices; Step 3: Use the data cleaning component to remove noise and outliers, then use the data conversion component to convert the data into a unified format, and use the data mining component to extract valuable information. The linear normalization formula used is as follows: : The data value after standardization, : original data value, : the minimum value in the data set, : The maximum value in the data set. Linear normalization scales the data to a specific range (usually 0 to 1) so that data from different indicators can be compared on the same scale. Step 4: Use the indicator selection component to select appropriate indicators from the indicator library, and use the indicator weight determination component to calculate the weight of each indicator; Step 5: Calculate the value of each indicator based on the selected indicators and collected data; Step 6: Select an appropriate evaluation method, integrate the indicator data through the indicator data integration component, and use the comprehensive evaluation calculation component to calculate the comprehensive evaluation results. The comprehensive evaluation calculation formula is as follows : Comprehensive evaluation value, which indicates the comprehensive score or performance of the evaluation object on multiple indicators; : The weight coefficient of the i-th evaluation indicator, which indicates the importance of the indicator in the comprehensive evaluation. The weight coefficient meets the normalization condition, that is, the sum of all weight coefficients is 1;

[0021] : The standardized value or actual value of the i-th evaluation indicator, which represents the specific value of the indicator or the value after standardized processing; : The total number of evaluation indicators, indicating the number of indicators involved in the comprehensive evaluation.

[0022] Step 7: Use the evaluation result analysis component to conduct in-depth analysis of the results and visualize the evaluation results; Step 8: Generate a detailed assessment report using the assessment report generation component and export the report to the required format Step 9: Once the evaluation is complete, shut down the system.

[0023] Preferably, the comprehensive evaluation module includes implementation modules of the hierarchical analysis method, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and the principal component analysis method.

[0024] (3) Beneficial effects Compared with the existing technology, the present invention provides a natural disaster ecological restoration effectiveness evaluation method and evaluation system, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. Improve the scientific nature and accuracy of assessments: This invention constructs a comprehensive assessment indicator system that covers multiple aspects of the ecosystem, such as vegetation, soil, water bodies, and biodiversity. By combining multiple assessment methods (such as hierarchical analysis method, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, principal component analysis method, etc.), it can more comprehensively, objectively, and accurately reflect the effectiveness of ecological restoration, overcoming the shortcomings of the existing technology of single assessment indicators and simple methods.

[0025] 2. Realize the standardization and regularization of the evaluation process: This invention establishes standardized evaluation processes and specifications, clarifies the specific operational steps and requirements of each link such as data collection, processing, analysis, and evaluation, makes the evaluation process more standardized and transparent, improves the comparability and credibility of the evaluation results, and solves the problem of lack of unified standards in the evaluation process in the existing technology.

[0026] 3. Improve evaluation efficiency: This invention develops an automated evaluation system that integrates data collection, processing, analysis, and evaluation into the system, realizing the automation and intelligence of the evaluation process, greatly improving evaluation efficiency, reducing the errors and time consumption caused by manual operations, and overcoming the shortcomings of low efficiency of traditional evaluation methods.

[0027] 4. Enhance the visualization and practicality of assessment results: The assessment system designed in this invention can display assessment results in a variety of intuitive ways such as charts and maps, and provide visual decision-making support functions, making the assessment results easier to understand and apply, and providing a more effective decision-making basis for the planning, implementation, supervision and acceptance of ecological restoration projects.

[0028] 5. Promote the optimization and development of ecological restoration technology: By evaluating and comparing the effectiveness of different ecological restoration technologies, this invention can provide a scientific basis for the selection and optimization of ecological restoration technologies, promote the innovation and development of ecological restoration technologies, and improve the overall level of ecological restoration.

[0029] 6. Supporting refined management of ecological restoration projects: The present invention can be applied to different stages of ecological restoration projects to achieve dynamic monitoring and evaluation of the restoration process, helping to promptly identify problems and adjust plans, thereby achieving refined management of ecological restoration projects and improving restoration effectiveness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall system architecture of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] The method and system for evaluating the effectiveness of ecological restoration after natural disasters include a data collection module, a data processing module, an evaluation index system module, and a comprehensive evaluation module. The data collection module is responsible for collecting various ecological and environmental data before and after the disaster, providing a data basis for the assessment; The data processing module is used to clean, convert, mine and analyze the collected raw data and calculate the values of various evaluation indicators. The evaluation index system module is used to determine and configure the evaluation index system to provide standards and basis for comprehensive evaluation; The comprehensive evaluation module is used to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the ecological restoration results based on the values and weights of various evaluation indicators and use appropriate evaluation methods, and output the evaluation results; The data processing module includes a data cleaning component, a data conversion component, a data mining component, a mathematical modeling component, a data storage and management component, and a data visualization component; The data cleaning component is used to remove noise, outliers and incomplete records in the data to ensure the quality and consistency of the data; The data conversion component is used to convert data from one format or structure to another format or structure to meet the requirements of the evaluation system; The data mining component is used to extract valuable information and knowledge from large amounts of data; The mathematical modeling component establishes a mathematical model based on the data to describe and predict various phenomena in the ecological restoration process; The data storage and management component is used to store and manage the processed data to ensure the security and accessibility of the data; The data visualization component is used to present the data processing results to the user in the form of intuitive charts, images, etc.

[0033] Example: Vegetation Restoration Assessment in Earthquake-Stricken Areas Scenario: An earthquake struck a region, causing landslides and vegetation damage. A vegetation restoration project was carried out after the disaster, and the effectiveness of this project needs to be evaluated.

[0034] step: Data Collection: Use remote sensing satellites or drones to obtain high-resolution imagery of the area before and after the earthquake. Conduct ground surveys to collect data on vegetation type, coverage, and species diversity before and after the earthquake. Also collect meteorological data for the area, such as rainfall and temperature.

[0035] Data Processing: Use image processing software to preprocess remote sensing images, including radiometric correction, geometric correction, and image stitching, to eliminate noise and distortion. Use image classification techniques, such as support vector machines (SVMs) or deep learning models, to classify vegetation types in preprocessed images. Use image segmentation techniques, such as object-oriented image analysis methods, to extract information about the area and distribution of different vegetation types. Correlate ground survey data with remote sensing image data to verify and correct remote sensing image interpretation.

[0036] Construction of evaluation index system: According to the characteristics of vegetation restoration in earthquake-stricken areas, the following indicators are selected from the indicator library: Vegetation coverage: reflects the overall situation of vegetation recovery.

[0037] Vegetation type diversity: reflects the species composition and structure of vegetation restoration.

[0038] Vertical structure of vegetation: reflects the hierarchy and spatial distribution of vegetation restoration.

[0039] The proportion of native species: reflects the ecological suitability of vegetation restoration.

[0040] The weights of each indicator can be determined using expert scoring or the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). For example, experts can score the importance of vegetation restoration based on each indicator and then calculate the weights.

[0041] Comprehensive assessment: The processed data are input into the comprehensive evaluation module.

[0042] Select an appropriate evaluation method, such as the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and calculate the comprehensive evaluation value of vegetation restoration based on the weights and actual values of each indicator.

[0043] Based on the comprehensive evaluation value, the vegetation restoration results are divided into different levels, such as "excellent", "good", "medium" and "poor".

[0044] Result output: The evaluation report generation component generates an evaluation report in the form of charts and text based on the evaluation results, including the actual value, weight, comprehensive evaluation value, and grade classification of each indicator.

[0045] The assessment report can show comparison pictures before and after vegetation restoration, intuitively reflecting the effectiveness of vegetation restoration.

[0046] The assessment report can also include expert advice and opinions to provide reference for subsequent ecological restoration work.

[0047] Results Analysis: Through the above steps, we can obtain the assessment results of vegetation restoration in the earthquake-stricken area. For example, the assessment report may show that vegetation coverage has increased from 70% before the earthquake to 85% now, and vegetation type diversity has also increased, with an overall evaluation value of "good." This indicates that the vegetation restoration project has achieved good results, but there is still room for improvement.

[0048] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply the existence of any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0049] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the effectiveness of ecological restoration after natural disasters, characterized by: The specific steps of the method are as follows: Step 1: Collecting ecological and environmental background data before the disaster, including topographic data, soil type and attribute data, vegetation cover data, climate and meteorological data, and hydrological condition data; Step 2: Collecting data on the current status of the ecological environment after the disaster. The data corresponds to the background data collected in step 1 and reflects the extent of damage and scope of impact caused by the disaster to the ecological environment. Step 3: Determine an evaluation indicator system, which includes vegetation restoration, soil erosion, hydrological restoration, biodiversity restoration, and ecosystem service function restoration; Step 4: Process and analyze the data collected in steps 1 and 2, and calculate the values of the evaluation indicators determined in step 3; Step 5: Based on the values of the evaluation indicators calculated in step 4, use the comprehensive evaluation model to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the ecological restoration results and output the evaluation results.

2. A natural disaster ecological restoration effectiveness evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When determining the evaluation index system in step 3, corresponding evaluation indicators are selected according to different types of natural disasters and different ecological environmental characteristics. When processing and analyzing data in step 4, remote sensing technology, geographic information system technology and mathematical model methods are used.

3. A natural disaster ecological restoration effectiveness evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When comprehensively evaluating the effectiveness of natural disaster ecological restoration in step 5, the hierarchical analysis method, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and principal component analysis method are used.

4. A natural disaster ecological restoration effectiveness evaluation system, characterized by: The natural disaster ecological restoration effectiveness evaluation system includes a data collection module, a data processing module, an evaluation index system module and a comprehensive evaluation module; The data collection module is responsible for collecting various ecological and environmental data before and after the disaster, providing a data basis for the assessment; The data processing module is used to clean, convert, mine and analyze the collected raw data and calculate the values of various evaluation indicators; The evaluation index system module is used to determine and configure the evaluation index system to provide standards and basis for comprehensive evaluation; The comprehensive evaluation module is used to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the ecological restoration results based on the values and weights of various evaluation indicators using appropriate evaluation methods, and output the evaluation results.

5. A natural disaster ecological restoration effectiveness evaluation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The data collection module includes a remote sensing data acquisition device, a ground monitoring device, a data import interface, a database management system, a mobile data acquisition device and a data quality control module; The remote sensing data acquisition device is used to acquire large-scale, high-resolution spatiotemporal data using satellite remote sensing and drone aerial photography technology; The ground monitoring device is used to collect key ecological and environmental parameters of the disaster area on site; The data import interface imports data from different sources and in different formats into the evaluation system; The database management system is used to store, manage and maintain various types of collected data; The mobile data collection device is used to collect mobile data in areas where it is difficult to deploy fixed monitoring equipment; The data quality control module is used to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the collected data.

6. The natural disaster ecological restoration effectiveness evaluation system according to claim 4 is characterized by: The data processing module includes a data cleaning component, a data conversion component, a data mining component, a mathematical modeling component, a data storage and management component, and a data visualization component; The data cleaning component is used to remove noise, outliers and incomplete records in the data to ensure the quality and consistency of the data; The data conversion component is used to convert data from one format or structure to another format or structure to meet the requirements of the evaluation system; The data mining component is used to extract valuable information and knowledge from large amounts of data; The mathematical modeling component establishes a mathematical model based on the data to describe and predict various phenomena in the ecological restoration process; The data storage and management component is used to store and manage the processed data to ensure the security and accessibility of the data; The data visualization component is used to present the data processing results to the user in the form of intuitive charts and images.

7. The natural disaster ecological restoration effectiveness evaluation system according to claim 4 is characterized by: The evaluation index system module includes an index selection component, an index weight determination component, an index calculation component, an index threshold setting component and an index system management component; The indicator selection component selects appropriate evaluation indicators from a set of candidate indicators based on the goals and characteristics of ecological restoration; The indicator weight determination component determines the weight of each evaluation indicator in the comprehensive evaluation, reflecting the importance of the indicator; The indicator calculation component calculates the specific value of each evaluation indicator based on the collected data; The indicator threshold setting component sets the threshold of each evaluation indicator to judge the effectiveness of ecological restoration; The indicator system management component is used to manage and maintain the evaluation indicator system to ensure the applicability and effectiveness of the indicator system.

8. The natural disaster ecological restoration effectiveness evaluation system according to claim 4 is characterized by: The comprehensive evaluation module includes an evaluation method selection component, an indicator data integration component, a comprehensive evaluation calculation component, an evaluation result analysis component and an evaluation report generation component; The evaluation method selection component selects an appropriate comprehensive evaluation method based on the evaluation objectives and data characteristics; The indicator data integration component is used to integrate the values of various evaluation indicators to prepare for comprehensive evaluation; The comprehensive evaluation calculation component calculates the comprehensive evaluation results based on the selected evaluation method and indicator data; The evaluation result analysis component is used to analyze and interpret the comprehensive evaluation results and provide decision support; The evaluation report generation component is used to automatically generate an evaluation report based on the evaluation results and analysis conclusions.

9. The natural disaster ecological restoration effectiveness evaluation system according to claim 4 is characterized by: The operation steps of the natural disaster ecological restoration effectiveness evaluation system are as follows: Step 1: Start the system and load the basic data of the evaluation index system and evaluation method library; Step 2: Collect ecological and environmental data before and after the disaster through remote sensing data acquisition devices and ground monitoring devices; Step 3: Use the data cleaning component to remove noise and outliers, then use the data conversion component to convert the data into a unified format, and use the data mining component to extract valuable information. The linear normalization formula used is as follows: : The data value after standardization, : original data value, : the minimum value in the data set, : The maximum value in the data set. Linear normalization scales the data to a specific range (usually 0 to 1) so that data from different indicators can be compared on the same scale. Step 4: Use the indicator selection component to select appropriate indicators from the indicator library, and use the indicator weight determination component to calculate the weight of each indicator; Step 5: Calculate the value of each indicator based on the selected indicators and collected data; Step 6: Select an appropriate evaluation method, integrate the indicator data through the indicator data integration component, and use the comprehensive evaluation calculation component to calculate the comprehensive evaluation results. The comprehensive evaluation calculation formula is as follows : Comprehensive evaluation value, which indicates the comprehensive score or performance of the evaluation object on multiple indicators; : The weight coefficient of the i-th evaluation indicator, which indicates the importance of the indicator in the comprehensive evaluation; The weight coefficients meet the normalization condition, that is, the sum of all weight coefficients is 1; : The standardized value or actual value of the i-th evaluation indicator, which represents the specific value of the indicator or the value after standardized processing; : The total number of evaluation indicators, indicating the number of indicators involved in the comprehensive evaluation; Step 7: Use the evaluation result analysis component to conduct in-depth analysis of the results and visualize the evaluation results; Step 8: Generate a detailed assessment report using the assessment report generation component and export the report to the required format; Step 9: Once the evaluation is complete, shut down the system.

10. The natural disaster ecological restoration effectiveness evaluation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The comprehensive evaluation module includes implementation modules of the hierarchical analysis method, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and the principal component analysis method.

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