Melt manufacturing process for fuse and melt structure thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of circuit protection device manufacturing, in particular to a fuse melt manufacturing process and a melt structure thereof, and the fuse melt manufacturing process comprises the following steps: S1, preparing an Ag / Cu composite material; s2, pretreatment of the Ag / Cu composite material; and S3, post-processing the Ag / Cu composite material. According to the application, the two surfaces of the copper strip are slotted, so that the silver-copper penetrating composite material is replaced by the H-shaped structure, and the production cost and difficulty of the melt material are also reduced while the melt material gives consideration to the composite strength and precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of circuit protection device manufacturing, and more specifically, to a process for manufacturing a fuse melt and a fuse melt structure. Background Art

[0002] Fuses are overcurrent protection devices, and their terminal application markets include new energy vehicles, new energy wind and solar power generation and energy storage electrical systems, rail transit and other electrical fields. When a short circuit or overload occurs in the circuit, the thermal effect of the overcurrent will cause the fuse to melt or vaporize to produce a fracture. After an arc is generated at the fracture, the fault circuit can be cut off by extinguishing the arc, thereby protecting the circuit.

[0003] In related technologies, the melt is the core component of the fuse. In recent years, the melt material has evolved from pure silver to silver-copper composite materials. However, due to the limited number of precious metal composite strips, it is mainly used for low-voltage fuse materials. However, with the rapid development of the automotive fuse and photovoltaic energy storage fuse markets, that is, the growth of high-voltage DC fuse market demand, the melt material is also in urgent need of improvement. Therefore, the number of precious metal strips in silver-copper composite materials has rapidly increased from a single strip to multiple, even ten or more, with the requirement that the vertical misalignment of the precious metals be within 0.5 mm. Limited by the difficulty of producing composite materials with more than ten precious metal strips, only a few domestic manufacturers can barely produce them. However, the vertical misalignment of the precious metals also exceeds 0.5 mm, which cannot fully meet downstream requirements. Therefore, a process for manufacturing a fuse melt and its melt structure are provided. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to ensure that the melt material has both composite strength and precision, and further reduce its production cost and difficulty through process and structure improvements, this application specifically provides a process for manufacturing fuse melt and its melt structure. The melt structure and corresponding process have extremely high economic benefits.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a process for manufacturing a fuse melt, comprising the following steps: S1. Preparation of Ag / Cu composite materials: S11, first groove the copper strip in the forward direction, and then laminate the silver strip into the grooved body on the front side; S12, then reversely groove the copper strip to expose the silver strip compounded on the front side of the copper strip, and then compound the silver strip into the grooved body on the reverse side to obtain the Ag / Cu composite material; S2. Pretreatment of Ag / Cu composite materials: S21, performing diffusion annealing on the Ag / Cu composite material; S22, performing surface pickling and degreasing on the Ag / Cu composite material, and then cold rolling; S23, performing intermediate heat treatment on the Ag / Cu composite material; S24, first rolling the Ag / Cu composite material, and then performing a degreasing treatment; S3, Ag / Cu composite material post-processing: After the surface of the Ag / Cu composite material is degreased, it is first slit to obtain finished product specifications, and then undergoes on-line inspection, winding, and vacuum packaging to obtain the fuse melt.

[0006] Preferably, after the forward grooving and the reverse grooving, a silver wire embedding process is further included, specifically as follows: After forward grooving or reverse grooving, a wire groove is first opened at the bottom of the groove by laser cutting, and then the silver wire is fed into the wire groove by a wire feeding mechanism, and then the silver tape composite operation is carried out.

[0007] Preferably, the depth ratio of the forward groove is: 10%-50%.

[0008] Preferably, the strip material after the grooving treatment and composite treatment in S11 and S12 further includes surface treatment: the surface treatment is polishing with multiple sets of abrasive rollers and / or medium-fine rollers, and the base belt speed is 5-10 m / min.

[0009] Preferably, the silver ribbon composite conditions in S11 and S12 are: Compounding temperature 580-680 ℃, compounding speed 1.0-3.0m / min, protective atmosphere flow rate ammonia decomposition gas ≥3m 3 / H, the composite deformation is controlled at 40%-60%.

[0010] Preferably, the diffusion annealing conditions in S21 are: annealing temperature 600-680°C, annealing speed 1.0-3.0 m / min, protective atmosphere flow rate ammonia decomposition gas 2-3 m 3 / H.

[0011] Preferably, the specific process conditions of the surface pickling treatment and cold rolling in S22 are as follows: A dilute sulfuric acid aqueous solution with a concentration of 10-25wt% is used for pickling, and the belt speed is 15-20m / min; During the cold rolling process, the total deformation of the billet is controlled at 30-50%.

[0012] Preferably, the intermediate heat treatment process in S23 has the following specific conditions: annealing temperature 500-600°C, annealing speed 1.0-3.0 m / min, protective atmosphere flow rate ammonia decomposition gas 2-3 m 3 / H.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present application provides a melt structure, which adopts the following technical solution: A melt structure comprises a copper strip and a plurality of non-penetrating slots provided on the front and back sides of the copper strip, wherein a plurality of the non-penetrating slots are compositely provided with silver strips.

[0014] A melt structure is characterized by comprising a copper strip and a plurality of non-penetrating grooves opened on the front and back sides of the copper strip, wherein the plurality of non-penetrating grooves are compositely provided with silver strips, and the contact surfaces between the non-penetrating grooves and the silver strips are embedded with a plurality of silver wires.

[0015] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The Ag / Cu composite material in this application is made of a copper strip with grooves on both sides, and a composite silver strip. The H-shaped structure replaces the silver-copper through-composite material, allowing the melt material to take into account both composite strength and precision while reducing its production cost and difficulty. 2. The fabrication process of this application features precise structural design: through two steps of slotting and recombination, the melt current path is directionally controlled, optimizing the melting response speed and reliability. Furthermore, the Ag / Cu interface bonding strength is significantly enhanced through gradient recombination and diffusion annealing technology. 3. The melt structure obtained by the above-mentioned process of this application provides a reliable alternative to high-precision fuses through the coordinated optimization of materials, structure and performance. The selectively set silver wire can not only ensure the flushing of the surface of the silver strip and the surface of the copper strip through the adaptive deformation of the silver wire, but also accelerate the formation of the fracture through its own characteristics, thereby ensuring the fusing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure (single line) of the melt structure in Example 1; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure (single line) of the melt structure in Example 2; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the partial cross-sectional structure (single line) of the melt structure in Comparative Example 1; Figure 4 This is the overall material diagram of the melt structure in this application.

[0017] Explanation of the accompanying symbols: 1. Copper belt; 2. Non-penetrating groove body; 3. Silver belt; 4. Silver wire. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following is combined with Figure 1 -Attached Figure 4 The present application is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0019] Performance testing The composite tapes prepared in each embodiment and comparative example were selected as test objects, and their tensile strength, hardness, roughness and fusing performance were tested respectively. The testing steps are as follows: Tensile strength test First, the prepared composite strip professional stamping fixture is made into a composite strip with a thickness of 0.1mm, a width of 20.1mm, and a length of 200.1mm. The tensile test is carried out using a UTM5504 electronic universal testing machine to experimentally test the tensile strength of the composite area.

[0020] Hardness test The prepared composite strip was cut into a thickness of 0.1 mm, a width of 20.1 mm, and a length of 200.1 mm using a professional shear, placed in a special fixture, and tested using an HXD-1000TMC LCD microhardness tester.

[0021] Roughness test The prepared composite strips were cut into 0.1mm thick, 20.1mm wide and 20.1mm long using professional shears, placed in a special fixture, and the roughness (Ra) of each group was measured using a JB-4C precision roughness tester.

[0022] Fuse performance test The prepared composite strip is made into melt punching material using a professional stamping jig and placed in a fuse comprehensive test bench for a predetermined melting test. The current is set to 260A and the voltage is 40V. The melting time of each group is tested and recorded.

[0023] Example 1 A fuse melt structure comprises a copper strip 1 (0.1 mm thick, 150 mm wide), 10 non-penetrating slots 2 (0.025 mm deep) formed on the front and back sides of the copper strip 1, and silver strips 3 (0.025 mm thick) disposed within each of the non-penetrating slots 2. And it is prepared by the following manufacturing process: S1. Preparation of Ag / Cu composite materials: S11. First, check the surface width and thickness of the copper strip. Use leveling equipment to correct the copper strip to a straightness of ≤0.1mm / m and a side bend of ≤3mm / m. Then, according to the depth, margin and spacing dimensions controlled by the design drawings, the copper strip is grooved forward. The first groove depth ratio is: 25%; After forward grooving, the copper strip is surface treated with degreasing equipment. The surface treatment is polished with two sets of abrasive rollers and two sets of medium-fine rollers. The base strip speed is 10m / min. The silver strip is laminated to the non-through groove on the front of the copper strip using a four-roll hot composite rolling mill. The composite temperature is 650°C, the composite speed is 2.0 m / min, and the protective atmosphere flow rate of ammonia decomposition gas is ≥ 3 m 3 / H, composite deformation is controlled at 50%; S12, then reverse groove the copper strip according to the depth, margin, and spacing dimensions controlled by the design drawing, and the reverse groove is required not to expose the first composite silver strip; After reverse grooving, the copper strip is surface treated with a degreasing device. The surface treatment is performed by grinding with two sets of abrasive rollers and two sets of medium-fine rollers. The base strip speed is 10 m / min. The silver strip is laminated to the non-through groove on the back of the copper strip using a four-roll hot composite rolling mill. The composite temperature is 650°C, the composite speed is 2.0 m / min, and the protective atmosphere flow rate of ammonia decomposition gas is ≥ 3 m 3 / H, composite deformation is controlled at 50%; S2. Pretreatment of Ag / Cu composite materials: S21, diffusion annealing of Ag / Cu composite material, annealing temperature 680℃, annealing speed 2.0 m / min, protective atmosphere flow rate ammonia decomposition gas 3 m 3 / H; S22, first pickling with a dilute sulfuric acid aqueous solution having a concentration of 10wt%, with a belt speed of 20m / min, and then cold rolling, the equipment is controlled by a four-high rolling mill, and the total deformation of the billet is controlled at 30%; S23, the Ag / Cu composite material is subjected to intermediate heat treatment, the specific conditions are: annealing temperature 550 ° C, annealing speed 2.0 m / min, protective atmosphere flow rate ammonia decomposition gas 3 m 3 / H; S24, firstly rolling the Ag / Cu composite material through a finishing mill, controlling the total rolling deformation at 10%, and then performing a degreasing treatment to remove surface oil stains, with a strip speed of 10 m / min; S3, Ag / Cu composite material post-processing: After the surface of the finished Ag / Cu composite material is degreased, it is first slit by high-precision longitudinal shearing equipment to obtain the finished product specifications, and then tested on the line and reeled on Φ75-80. After completion, it is vacuum packaged to obtain the melt structure for fuses.

[0024] Example 2 A fuse melt structure comprises a copper strip 1 (0.1 mm thick, 150 mm wide), 10 non-penetrating slots 2 (0.025 mm deep) formed on both sides of the copper strip 1, each of the non-penetrating slots 2 being compositely provided with a silver strip 3 (0.025 mm thick), and three silver wires 4 (0.02 mm in diameter) embedded in the contact surfaces between the non-penetrating slots 2 and the silver strips 3. And it is prepared by the following manufacturing process: S1. Preparation of Ag / Cu composite materials: S11. First, check the surface width and thickness of the copper strip. Use leveling equipment to correct the copper strip to a straightness of ≤0.1mm / m and a side bend of ≤3mm / m. Then, according to the depth, margin and spacing dimensions controlled by the drawing, the copper strip is grooved forward. The first groove depth ratio is: 25%; After forward grooving, the copper strip is surface treated with degreasing equipment. The surface treatment is polished with two sets of abrasive rollers and two sets of medium-fine rollers. The base strip speed is 10m / min. The silver strip is laminated to the non-through groove on the front of the copper strip using a four-roll hot composite rolling mill. The composite temperature is 650°C, the composite speed is 2.0 m / min, and the protective atmosphere flow rate of ammonia decomposition gas is ≥ 3 m 3 / H, composite deformation is controlled at 50%; S12, then reverse groove the copper strip according to the depth, margin, and spacing dimensions controlled by the design drawing, and the reverse groove is required not to expose the first composite silver strip; After reverse grooving, the copper strip is surface treated with a degreasing device. The surface treatment is performed by grinding with two sets of abrasive rollers and two sets of medium-fine rollers. The base strip speed is 10 m / min. After forward or reverse grooving, the wire groove is opened at the bottom of the groove by laser cutting, and then the silver wire is fed into the wire groove by the wire feeding mechanism, and then the silver belt composite operation is carried out; The silver strip is laminated to the non-through groove on the back of the copper strip using a four-roll hot composite rolling mill. The composite temperature is 650°C, the composite speed is 2.0 m / min, and the protective atmosphere flow rate of ammonia decomposition gas is ≥ 3 m 3 / H, composite deformation is controlled at 50%; S2. Pretreatment of Ag / Cu composite materials: S21, diffusion annealing of Ag / Cu composite material, annealing temperature 680℃, annealing speed 2.0 m / min, protective atmosphere flow rate ammonia decomposition gas 3 m 3 / H; S22, first pickling with a dilute sulfuric acid aqueous solution having a concentration of 10wt%, with a belt speed of 20m / min, and then cold rolling, the equipment is controlled by a four-high rolling mill, and the total deformation of the billet is controlled at 30%; S23, the Ag / Cu composite material is subjected to intermediate heat treatment, the specific conditions are: annealing temperature 550 ° C, annealing speed 2.0 m / min, protective atmosphere flow rate ammonia decomposition gas 3 m 3 / H; S24, firstly rolling the Ag / Cu composite material through a finishing mill, controlling the total rolling deformation at 10%, and then performing a degreasing treatment to remove surface oil stains, with a strip speed of 10 m / min; S3, Ag / Cu composite material post-processing: After the surface of the finished Ag / Cu composite material is degreased, it is first slit by high-precision longitudinal shearing equipment to obtain the finished product specifications, and then tested on the line and reeled on Φ75-80. After completion, it is vacuum packaged to obtain the melt structure for fuses.

[0025] Comparative Example 1 A fuse melt structure includes a copper strip 1 (0.1 mm thick, 150 mm wide), a through slot formed on the copper strip, and a silver strip 3 (0.1 mm thick) embedded in the through slot. And it is prepared by the following manufacturing process: S1. Preparation of Ag / Cu composite materials: S11. First, check the surface width and thickness of the copper strip. Use leveling equipment to correct the copper strip to a straightness of ≤0.1mm / m and a side bend of ≤3mm / m. Then, according to the depth, margin and spacing dimensions controlled by the design drawings, the copper strip is slotted through. The first slotting depth ratio is: 60%; After forward grooving, the copper strip is surface treated with degreasing equipment. The surface treatment is polished with two sets of abrasive rollers and two sets of medium-fine rollers. The base strip speed is 10m / min. The silver strip is laminated to the non-through groove on the front of the copper strip using a four-roll hot composite rolling mill. The composite temperature is 650°C, the composite speed is 2.0 m / min, and the protective atmosphere flow rate of ammonia decomposition gas is ≥ 3 m 3 / H, composite deformation is controlled at 50%; S12, then reverse groove the copper strip according to the depth, margin, and spacing dimensions controlled by the drawing, and the reverse groove is required to expose the first composite silver strip; After reverse grooving, the copper strip is surface treated with a degreasing device. The surface treatment is performed by grinding with two sets of abrasive rollers and two sets of medium-fine rollers. The base strip speed is 10 m / min. The silver strip is laminated to the non-through groove on the back of the copper strip using a four-roll hot composite rolling mill. The composite temperature is 650°C, the composite speed is 2.0 m / min, and the protective atmosphere flow rate of ammonia decomposition gas is ≥ 3 m 3 / H, composite deformation is controlled at 50%; S2. Pretreatment of Ag / Cu composite materials: S21, diffusion annealing of Ag / Cu composite material, annealing temperature 680℃, annealing speed 2.0 m / min, protective atmosphere flow rate ammonia decomposition gas 3 m 3 / H; S22, first pickling with a dilute sulfuric acid aqueous solution having a concentration of 10wt%, with a belt speed of 20m / min, and then cold rolling, the equipment is controlled by a four-high rolling mill, and the total deformation of the billet is controlled at 30%; S23, the Ag / Cu composite material is subjected to intermediate heat treatment, the specific conditions are: annealing temperature 550 ° C, annealing speed 2.0 m / min, protective atmosphere flow rate ammonia decomposition gas 3 m 3 / H; S24, firstly rolling the Ag / Cu composite material through a finishing mill, controlling the total rolling deformation at 10%, and then performing a degreasing treatment to remove surface oil stains, with a strip speed of 10 m / min; S3, Ag / Cu composite material post-processing: After the surface of the finished Ag / Cu composite material is degreased, it is first slit by high-precision longitudinal shearing equipment to obtain the finished product specifications, and then tested on the line and reeled on Φ75-80. After completion, it is vacuum packaged to obtain the melt structure for fuses.

[0026] The fuse melt structures obtained in Examples 1-2 and Comparative Example 1 were sampled and their tensile strength, hardness, roughness and fusing performance were tested according to the above measurement steps. The test results are recorded in Tables 1-4 below.

[0027] Table 1: Tensile strength test results

[0028] As can be seen from Table 1 above, the mechanical properties of the fuse melt structure obtained in Examples 1-2 are higher than those of the through-type comparative example 1, achieving a balance between saving silver material and performance, indicating that the layer structure is firmly bonded.

[0029] Table 2: Hardness test results

[0030] As can be seen from Table 2 above, the hardness of the melt structure for fuses obtained in Examples 1-2 is basically the same as that of the through-type comparative example 1, and the hardness of the silver area is ≥59.8Kgf / mm 2 , the hardness of the copper area ≧81.2Kgf / mm 2 , it can be seen that it has achieved a balance between saving silver materials and performance.

[0031] Table 3: Roughness test results

[0032] As can be seen from Table 3 above, the roughness of the melt structure of the fuse melt obtained in Examples 1-2 is basically the same as that of the through-type comparative example 1, which means that both silver saving and performance are taken into consideration.

[0033] Table 4: Fuse performance test results

[0034] As can be seen from Table 4 above, the melting performance of the fuse melt structure obtained in Examples 1-2 is basically the same as that of the through-type comparative example 1, and both meet the requirement of melting time ≧ 200s, that is, both silver saving and performance are taken into consideration.

[0035] In summary, combined with Table 1-4 and Figure 1-4 The fuse melt structure obtained in this application is not inferior to the traditional through-type structure (Comparative Example 1) in terms of basic performance, but also significantly reduces production costs and difficulty. Therefore, it can be concluded that the H-type structure provided in this application has achieved the replacement of silver-copper through-type composite materials and has broad application value.

[0036] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the present embodiment as needed, but as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application, they are protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A process for manufacturing a fuse melt, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Preparation of Ag / Cu composite materials: S11, first groove the copper strip in the forward direction, and then laminate the silver strip into the grooved body on the front side; S12, then reversely groove the copper strip, so that the reverse groove does not expose the silver strip compounded on the front side of the copper strip, and then compound the silver strip into the grooved body on the reverse side to obtain the Ag / Cu composite material; S2. Pretreatment of Ag / Cu composite materials: S21, performing diffusion annealing on the Ag / Cu composite material; S22, performing surface pickling and degreasing on the Ag / Cu composite material, and then cold rolling; S23, performing intermediate heat treatment on the Ag / Cu composite material; S24, first rolling the Ag / Cu composite material, and then performing a degreasing treatment; S3, Ag / Cu composite material post-processing: After the surface of the Ag / Cu composite material is degreased, it is first slit to obtain finished product specifications, and then undergoes on-line inspection, winding, and vacuum packaging to obtain the melt for the fuse.

2. The process for manufacturing a fuse melt according to claim 1, characterized in that: After forward grooving and reverse grooving, the silver wire embedding process is also included, as follows: After forward grooving or reverse grooving, a wire groove is first opened at the bottom of the groove by laser cutting, and then the silver wire is fed into the wire groove by a wire feeding mechanism, and then the silver tape composite operation is carried out.

3. The process for manufacturing a fuse melt according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The depth ratio of the forward groove is: 10%-50%.

4. The process for manufacturing a fuse melt according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The strip after the groove treatment and composite treatment in S11 and S12 also includes surface treatment: The surface treatment is performed by grinding with multiple groups of abrasive rollers and / or medium-fine rollers, with a base belt speed of 5-10 m / min.

5. The process for manufacturing a fuse melt according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The silver ribbon composite conditions in S11 and S12 are: Compounding temperature 580-680 ℃, compounding speed 1.0-3.0m / min, protective atmosphere flow rate ammonia decomposition gas ≥3m 3 / H, the composite deformation is controlled at 40%-60%.

6. The process for manufacturing a fuse melt according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The diffusion annealing conditions in S21 are: annealing temperature 600-680°C, annealing speed 1.0-3.0 m / min, protective atmosphere flow rate ammonia decomposition gas 2-3 m 3 / H.

7. The process for manufacturing a fuse melt according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The specific process conditions of the surface pickling treatment and cold rolling in S22 are as follows: A dilute sulfuric acid aqueous solution with a concentration of 10-25wt% is used for pickling, and the belt speed is 15-20m / min; During the cold rolling process, the total deformation of the billet is controlled at 30-50%.

8. The process for manufacturing a fuse melt according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The specific conditions of the intermediate heat treatment process in S23 are: annealing temperature 500-600 ° C, annealing speed 1.0-3.0 m / min, protective atmosphere flow rate of ammonia decomposition gas 2-3 m 3 / H.

9. A melt structure obtained by the preparation method of claim 1, characterized in that: It comprises a copper belt (1), and a plurality of non-penetrating slots (2) provided on the front and back sides of the copper belt (1), wherein a silver belt (3) is compositely arranged in each of the non-penetrating slots (2).

10. A melt structure obtained by the preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The invention comprises a copper strip (1), a plurality of non-penetrating grooves (2) provided on the front and back sides of the copper strip (1), a plurality of non-penetrating grooves (2) being compositely provided with silver strips (3), and a plurality of silver wires (4) being embedded in the contact surfaces of the non-penetrating grooves (2) and the silver strips (3).

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