Integrated machine tool suitable for spiral ditching, deep fertilization and soil covering of tractor

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting auxiliary machine tool application, in particular to an integrated machine tool suitable for spiral ditching, deep fertilization and soil covering of a tractor, and the integrated machine tool comprises a supporting mechanism, a digging mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a discharging mechanism and a covering mechanism. A spiral blade on the digging mechanism is dropped down in cooperation with forward driving of a tractor, and a stop lever drives the fertilizer to integrally rotate under the action of rotation of the fertilizer box, so that the fertilizer is uniformly discharged through the bottom of a fertilizer discharging pipe under the guide of a spiral scraping blade, and the fertilizer is stirred and mixed with soil by the tail end of the spiral blade; meanwhile, all the mechanisms work in a matched mode, labor is saved, the planting cost of crops is reduced, the machine tool can stably complete the integrated operation of ditching, deep fertilization at the bottom of a ditch, fertilizer mixing and soil covering at the same time, and the work efficiency is improved. And the planting farming time of crops is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of application of crop planting auxiliary machines, and in particular to an integrated machine suitable for spiral furrowing, deep fertilization and soil covering by a tractor. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of agricultural modernization, large-scale and intensive planting models have put forward higher requirements on agricultural production efficiency. Therefore, it is particularly important to design an integrated machine suitable for tractor spiral furrowing, deep fertilization and soil covering to help farmers grow crops.

[0003] However, existing trenching, deep fertilization and soil covering operations often rely on manual labor or single-function machinery, which not only has low operating efficiency and high labor intensity, but also leads to high costs for trenching, deep fertilization and soil covering operations, making it difficult to meet the efficient production needs of modern agriculture. In addition, some of the existing integrated trenching, deep fertilization and soil covering machines not only have insufficient fertilization accuracy and cannot ensure that the fertilizer is fully mixed with the soil, but are also prone to burns to the roots of crops due to excessive local concentration of fertilizers caused by concentrated application. In addition, the coordination between different links is poor and they are unable to adapt to complex and changeable soil textures. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems that the existing trenching, deep fertilization and soil covering operations often rely on manual labor or single-function machinery, which not only has low operation efficiency and high labor intensity, but also leads to high costs for trenching, deep fertilization and soil covering operations, and is difficult to meet the needs of efficient production in modern agriculture. In addition, some of the existing integrated trenching, deep fertilization and soil covering machines not only have insufficient fertilization accuracy and cannot ensure that the fertilizer and soil are fully mixed, but are prone to burns to the roots of crops due to excessive local concentration of fertilizers due to concentrated application, and also lead to the defect of poor coordination between different links and inability to adapt to complex and changeable soil textures. Therefore, an integrated machine suitable for tractor spiral trenching, deep fertilization and soil covering is proposed.

[0005] The objectives of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: an integrated machine suitable for spiral ditching, deep fertilization and soil covering with a tractor, comprising a supporting mechanism, a digging mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a feeding mechanism and a covering mechanism, wherein a first suspension frame is provided at the bottom of the supporting mechanism, a vertical frame is welded at one end of the top of the first suspension frame, a retaining ring is welded on the inner wall of the vertical frame, a support plate is welded at the middle of one side of the first suspension frame, a fertilizer box is provided at the top of the digging mechanism, the fertilizer box is arranged in the middle of the retaining ring, a fertilizer discharge pipe is welded at the middle of the bottom end of the fertilizer box, a spiral blade is welded on the outer wall of the fertilizer discharge pipe, a vertical rod is provided on the feeding mechanism, a spiral scraper is welded on the outer wall of the bottom of the vertical rod, the covering mechanism is arranged on one side of the supporting mechanism close to the spiral blade, and a fertilizer scraper is provided on the covering mechanism.

[0006] Preferably, the vertical frame is in an inverted "U"-shaped structure, the retaining ring is in an arc-shaped structure, and the second suspension bracket is welded to the middle of the top end of one side of the vertical frame close to the first suspension bracket.

[0007] Preferably, a slot hole adapted to the fertilizer discharge pipe is opened at one end of the support plate near the first suspension bracket, a bearing is provided on the fertilizer discharge pipe near the spiral blade, the top of the bearing is welded to the bottom of the support plate, and the bearing is arranged at the bottom of the support plate where the spiral blade is arranged.

[0008] Preferably, two parallel clamping rings are welded on the outer side wall of the fertilizer box, the clamping rings are in a circular ring structure, and the retaining ring is arranged between the two clamping rings.

[0009] Preferably, a hydraulic drive motor is installed on the top of one end of the transmission mechanism, and the bottom of the hydraulic drive motor is movably connected to a driving wheel through a rotating shaft. The upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the driving wheel are connected with belts, and a driven wheel is welded on the top of the outer wall of the fertilizer discharge pipe near the fertilizer box, and both belts are connected to the driven wheel.

[0010] Preferably, fixed plates are welded on both sides of the top of the outer side wall of the vertical rod, the vertical rod and the two fixed plates are welded to the top of one side of the vertical frame, a baffle rod is provided on the top of the spiral scraper, the baffle rod is welded to the vertical rod, the spiral scraper is arranged in the middle of the fertilizer discharge pipe, and the baffle rod is arranged in the middle of the bottom end of the inner side wall of the fertilizer box.

[0011] Preferably, a slide is connected to the middle of the top end of the fertilizer scraper side away from the first suspension bracket through a rotating shaft, and a baffle is provided on the slide. Both sides of the baffle are connected to one end of the support plate away from the first suspension bracket through a rotating shaft, and a sliding hole adapted for the slide is provided in the middle of the baffle, a spring is welded to one end of the baffle, and the slide is arranged in the middle of the spring, and one end of the spring is welded to the slide close to the fertilizer scraper.

[0012] Preferably, both ends of the top of the fertilizer scraper close to the first suspension bracket are welded with connecting blocks, and both ends of the first suspension bracket close to the support plate are welded with connecting plates, and the two connecting blocks are respectively connected by two connecting blocks of the rotating shaft.

[0013] Preferably, the working method of the machine specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Hang the first and second suspension brackets on the support mechanism behind the tractor through the pins, and load fertilizer into the fertilizer box; Step 2: The hydraulic drive motor drives the two belts on the driving wheel to rotate. The two belts drive the driven wheel and the fertilizer box to rotate as a whole. The tractor moves forward and drops the spiral blade on the digging mechanism. Under the action of the rotation of the fertilizer box, the blocking rod drives the fertilizer as a whole to rotate. The fertilizer is discharged from the bottom of the fertilizer discharge pipe under the guidance of the spiral scraper. Step 3: The tractor moves forward, and the discharged fertilizer is mixed with the soil by the end of the spiral blade. The fertilizer scraper moves up and down under the elastic action of the spring, and the soil is backfilled under the action of the fertilizer scraper. The tractor moves forward to complete the integrated operation of trenching, deep fertilization at the bottom of the trench, mixing fertilizer, and covering soil.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. The hydraulic drive motor drives the two belts on the driving wheel to rotate. The two belts drive the driven wheel and the fertilizer box to rotate as a whole. The spiral blade on the excavation mechanism drops down in coordination with the forward movement of the tractor. Under the action of the rotation of the fertilizer box, the blocking rod drives the fertilizer to rotate as a whole. This is not only conducive to the uniform discharge of fertilizer through the bottom of the fertilizer discharge pipe under the guidance of the spiral scraper, but also avoids the situation of excessive local concentration of soil due to concentrated fertilizer application, thus avoiding the situation of crop root burns, and also prevents the situation of fertilizer clogging the fertilizer discharge pipe, thus facilitating the continuous fertilization operation of the machine. 2. The spiral blade on the fertilizer discharge pipe is driven by a hydraulic drive motor. On the one hand, it is not only conducive to ditching the land, but also conducive to the discharged fertilizer being mixed with the soil by the end of the spiral blade, which is conducive to fully mixing the fertilizer with the soil and avoiding the situation where the fertilizer is exposed in the soil, thereby maximizing the retention of fertilizer nutrients in the soil, which is beneficial to the cost of crops, further increasing crop yields and income. On the other hand, by mixing the fertilizer with the soil, it not only avoids the waste of fertilizer, but also helps to evenly disperse the nutrients in the soil after fertilization, avoiding the situation where the growth of crops is different due to uneven fertilization; 3. By arranging a spring on the fertilizer scraper, the fertilizer scraper can move up and down under the elastic action of the spring according to different terrains, which is conducive to the backfilling operation of the soil under the action of the fertilizer scraper, ensuring that the adaptability of the machine is higher when used. At the same time, through the mutual cooperation between the supporting mechanism, excavation mechanism, transmission mechanism, feeding mechanism and covering mechanism, the machine can simultaneously and stably complete the integrated operations of trenching, deep fertilization at the bottom of the trench, mixing fertilizer and covering soil, which not only saves manpower and simplifies the process of planting crops, thereby helping to reduce the planting cost of crops, but also saves time for trenching, fertilizing and covering soil, further helping to shorten the planting time of crops and avoid delays in crop planting due to weather. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the support mechanism in the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the excavation mechanism in the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism in the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the blanking mechanism in the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the pressing mechanism in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 A detailed enlarged schematic diagram of area A.

[0023] In the figure: 1. Support mechanism; 101. First suspension frame; 102. Vertical frame; 103. Baffle ring; 104. Second suspension frame; 105. Connecting plate; 106. Support plate; 2. Excavating mechanism; 201. Fertilizer box; 202. Snap ring; 203. Fertilizer discharge pipe; 204. Driven wheel; 205. Bearing; 206. Spiral blade; 3. Transmission mechanism; 301. Hydraulic drive motor; 302. Driving wheel; 303. Belt; 4. Unloading mechanism; 401. Vertical rod; 402. Fixed plate; 403. Baffle rod; 404. Spiral scraper; 5. Covering mechanism; 501. Fertilizer scraper; 502. Slide plate; 503. Baffle frame; 504. Spring; 505. Connecting block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] See also Figure 1-Figure 7As shown, an integrated machine suitable for spiral ditching, deep fertilization and soil covering with a tractor includes a support mechanism 1, an excavation mechanism 2, a transmission mechanism 3, a feeding mechanism 4 and a covering mechanism 5. A first suspension frame 101 is provided at the bottom of the support mechanism 1, a vertical frame 102 is welded to one end of the top of the first suspension frame 101, a retaining ring 103 is welded to the inner wall of the vertical frame 102, a support plate 106 is welded to the middle of one side of the first suspension frame 101, a fertilizer box 201 is provided on the top of the excavation mechanism 2, the fertilizer box 201 is arranged in the middle of the retaining ring 103, a fertilizer pipe 203 is welded to the middle of the bottom end of the fertilizer box 201, a spiral blade 206 is welded to the outer wall of the fertilizer pipe 203, and a vertical rod 4 is provided on the feeding mechanism 4. 01. A spiral scraper 404 is welded on the outer wall of the bottom of the vertical rod 401. The covering mechanism 5 is arranged on the side of the supporting mechanism 1 close to the spiral blade 206. A fertilizer scraper 501 is arranged on the covering mechanism 5. Through the mutual cooperation between the supporting mechanism 1, the excavating mechanism 2, the transmission mechanism 3, the unloading mechanism 4 and the covering mechanism 5, it is beneficial for the machine to simultaneously and stably complete the integrated operations of trenching, deep fertilization at the bottom of the trench, mixing fertilizer and covering soil, which not only saves manpower and simplifies the process of planting crops, thereby helping to reduce the planting cost of crops, but also saves time for trenching, fertilizing and covering soil, which is further beneficial to shortening the planting time of crops and avoiding delays in crop planting due to weather.

[0026] In an optional implementation of an embodiment of the present invention, the vertical frame 102 has an inverted "U"-shaped structure, the retaining ring 103 has an arc-shaped structure, and a second suspension bracket 104 is welded to the middle of the top of one side of the vertical frame 102 close to the first suspension bracket 101. The first suspension bracket 101 and the second suspension bracket 104 are suspended at the rear of the tractor through a three-point suspension, which is conducive to maintaining the overall stability of the machine.

[0027] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, one end of the support plate 106 near the first suspension bracket 101 is provided with a slot adapted to the fertilizer pipe 203, and a bearing 205 is provided on the fertilizer pipe 203 near the spiral blade 206. The top of the bearing 205 is welded to the bottom of the support plate 106, which supports the fertilizer box 201 and makes the fertilizer box 201 more stable when rotating. The bearing 205 is provided on the bottom of the support plate 106, and the spiral blade 206 on the fertilizer pipe 203 is driven by the hydraulic drive motor 301 to move. On the one hand, It is not only beneficial to the ditching operation of the land, but also beneficial to the discharged fertilizer being stirred and mixed with the soil by the end of the spiral blade 206, which is beneficial to fully mixing the fertilizer with the soil, avoiding the situation where the fertilizer is exposed in the soil, thereby facilitating the maximum retention of fertilizer nutrients in the soil, which is beneficial to the cost of crops, further increasing the yield of crops, and increasing income. On the other hand, by mixing the fertilizer with the soil, not only the waste of fertilizer is avoided, but also the nutrients in the soil after fertilization are evenly dispersed, avoiding the situation where the growth of crops is different due to uneven fertilization.

[0028] In an optional implementation of an embodiment of the present invention, two parallel clamping rings 202 are welded on the outer wall of the fertilizer box 201. The clamping ring 202 has a circular ring structure, and the retaining ring 103 is arranged between the two clamping rings 202 to support the fertilizer box 201 and ensure that the fertilizer box 201 is more stable when rotating.

[0029] In an optional implementation of an embodiment of the present invention, a hydraulic drive motor 301 is installed on the top of one end of the transmission mechanism 3, and the bottom of the hydraulic drive motor 301 is movably connected to a driving wheel 302 through a rotating shaft. The upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the driving wheel 302 are connected with belts 303, and the top of the outer wall of the fertilizer discharge pipe 203 near the fertilizer box 201 is welded with a driven wheel 204. The two belts 303 are connected to the driven wheel 204, and the two belts 303 on the driving wheel 302 are driven to rotate by the hydraulic drive motor 301. The two belts 303 drive the driven wheel 204 and the fertilizer box 201 to rotate as a whole, and cooperate with the tractor to move forward to drop the spiral blade 206 on the excavation mechanism 2, so that the spiral blade 206 can perform trenching operations.

[0030] In an optional implementation of an embodiment of the present invention, fixed plates 402 are welded to both sides of the top of the outer wall of the vertical rod 401, and the vertical rod 401 and the two fixed plates 402 are welded to the top of one side of the vertical frame 102. A baffle 403 is provided on the top of the spiral scraper 404, and the baffle 403 is welded to the vertical rod 401. The spiral scraper 404 is arranged in the middle of the fertilizer discharge pipe 203, and the baffle 403 is arranged in the middle of the bottom end of the inner wall of the fertilizer box 201. Under the action of the rotation of the fertilizer box 201, the baffle 403 drives the fertilizer to rotate as a whole, which is not only conducive to the uniform discharge of fertilizer through the bottom of the fertilizer discharge pipe 203 under the guidance of the spiral scraper 404, avoiding the local excessive concentration of soil due to concentrated application of fertilizer, thereby avoiding the situation of crop root burns, but also avoiding the situation of fertilizer clogging the fertilizer discharge pipe 203, which is conducive to the machine to continuously perform fertilization operations.

[0031] In an optional embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, a slide plate 502 is connected to the middle part of the top of the fertilizer scraper 501 side away from the first suspension frame 101 through a rotating shaft, and a baffle 503 is provided on the slide plate 502. Both sides of the baffle frame 503 are connected to one end of the support plate 106 away from the first suspension frame 101 through a rotating shaft, and a sliding hole adapted for the slide plate 502 is opened in the middle of the baffle frame 503. A spring 504 is welded to one end of the baffle frame 503, and the slide plate 502 is arranged in the middle part of the spring 504. One end of the spring 504 is welded to the slide plate 502 close to the fertilizer scraper 501. By arranging the spring 504 on the fertilizer scraper 501, it is beneficial for the fertilizer scraper 501 to move up and down under the elastic action of the spring 504 according to different terrains, thereby facilitating the backfilling operation of the soil under the action of the fertilizer scraper 501, thereby ensuring that the adaptability of the machine is higher when in use.

[0032] In an optional implementation of an embodiment of the present invention, connecting blocks 505 are welded to both ends of the top of the fertilizer scraper 501 near the first suspension bracket 101, and connecting plates 105 are welded to both ends of the first suspension bracket 101 near the support plate 106. The two connecting blocks 505 are respectively connected by the two connecting blocks 505 of the rotating shaft, ensuring that the fertilizer scraper 501 is more stable during the forward and backward movement, thereby facilitating the fertilizer scraper 501 to stably backfill the soil in the trench opened by the spiral blade 206.

[0033] When in use, first, the first suspension bracket 101 and the second suspension bracket 104 on the support mechanism 1 are hung behind the tractor through the pins, and fertilizer is loaded into the fertilizer box 201; Then, the hydraulic drive motor 301 drives the two belts 303 on the driving wheel 302 to rotate, and the two belts 303 drive the driven wheel 204 and the fertilizer box 201 to rotate as a whole. The tractor moves forward and drops the spiral blade 206 on the excavation mechanism 2. Under the action of the rotation of the fertilizer box 201, the blocking rod 403 drives the fertilizer to rotate as a whole. The fertilizer is discharged from the bottom of the fertilizer discharge pipe 203 under the guidance of the spiral scraper 404, thereby avoiding excessive local concentration of soil due to concentrated fertilizer application, thereby avoiding crop root burns and preventing fertilizer from clogging the fertilizer discharge pipe 203, which is conducive to the continuous fertilization operation of the machine. Finally, the tractor moves forward, and the discharged fertilizer is stirred and mixed with the soil by the end of the spiral blade 206, which is conducive to fully mixing the fertilizer with the soil and avoiding the situation where the fertilizer is exposed in the soil, thereby facilitating the maximum retention of fertilizer nutrients in the soil, which is beneficial to the cost of crops, further improving the yield of crops, and increasing income. The fertilizer scraper 501 moves up and down under the elastic action of the spring 504, and the soil is backfilled under the action of the fertilizer scraper 501. The tractor moves forward to complete the integrated operation of trenching, deep fertilization at the trench bottom, fertilizer mixing, and soil covering.

[0034] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are intended only to help illustrate the present invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the present invention to specific embodiments. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible based on the contents of this specification. These embodiments are selected and described in detail in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the present invention. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. An integrated machine suitable for tractor spiral furrowing, deep fertilization and soil covering, characterized by: The invention comprises a supporting mechanism (1), an excavating mechanism (2), a transmission mechanism (3), a feeding mechanism (4) and a covering mechanism (5), wherein a first hanging frame (101) is provided at the bottom of the supporting mechanism (1), a vertical frame (102) is welded to one end of the top of the first hanging frame (101), a retaining ring (103) is welded to the inner wall of the vertical frame (102), a supporting plate (106) is welded to the middle of one side of the first hanging frame (101), a fertilizer box (201) is provided at the top of the excavating mechanism (2), and the fertilizer box (201) is provided at the bottom of the supporting mechanism (1). 01) is arranged in the middle of the retaining ring (103), a fertilizer discharge pipe (203) is welded to the middle of the bottom end of the fertilizer box (201), a spiral blade (206) is welded to the outer wall of the fertilizer discharge pipe (203), a vertical rod (401) is arranged on the feeding mechanism (4), a spiral scraper (404) is welded to the outer wall of the bottom of the vertical rod (401), and the covering mechanism (5) is arranged on a side of the supporting mechanism (1) close to the spiral blade (206), and a fertilizer scraper (501) is provided on the covering mechanism (5).

2. The integrated machine suitable for tractor spiral furrowing, deep fertilization and soil covering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical frame (102) has an inverted "U"-shaped structure, the retaining ring (103) has an arc-shaped structure, and a second suspension frame (104) is welded to the middle of the top end of one side of the vertical frame (102) close to the first suspension frame (101).

3. The integrated machine suitable for tractor spiral furrowing, deep fertilization and soil covering according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the support plate (106) close to the first suspension frame (101) is provided with a slot hole adapted to the fertilizer discharge pipe (203); a bearing (205) is provided on the fertilizer discharge pipe (203) close to the spiral blade (206); the top of the bearing (205) is welded to the bottom of the support plate (106); and the bearing (205) is provided at the bottom of the support plate (106). The spiral blade (206) is provided at the bottom of the support plate (106).

4. The integrated machine suitable for tractor spiral furrowing, deep fertilization and soil covering according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two parallel clamping rings (202) are welded on the outer wall of the fertilizer box (201), the clamping rings (202) are in a circular ring structure, and the retaining ring (103) is arranged between the two clamping rings (202).

5. The integrated machine suitable for tractor spiral furrowing, deep fertilization and soil covering according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydraulic drive motor (301) is installed at the top of one end of the transmission mechanism (3), and a driving wheel (302) is movably connected to the bottom of the hydraulic drive motor (301) via a rotating shaft. Belts (303) are connected to the upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the driving wheel (302). A driven wheel (204) is welded to the top of the outer wall of the fertilizer discharge pipe (203) near the fertilizer box (201), and both belts (303) are connected to the driven wheel (204).

6. The integrated machine suitable for tractor spiral furrowing, deep fertilization and soil covering according to claim 1, characterized in that: Fixed plates (402) are welded to both sides of the top of the outer side wall of the vertical rod (401). The vertical rod (401) and the two fixed plates (402) are welded to the top of one side of the vertical frame (102). A retaining rod (403) is provided on the top of the spiral scraper (404). The retaining rod (403) is welded to the vertical rod (401). The spiral scraper (404) is arranged in the middle of the fertilizer discharge pipe (203). The retaining rod (403) is arranged in the middle of the bottom end of the inner side wall of the fertilizer box (201).

7. The integrated machine suitable for tractor spiral furrowing, deep fertilization and soil covering according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slide plate (502) is connected to the middle of the top of one side of the fertilizer scraper (501) away from the first suspension frame (101) via a rotating shaft, a retaining frame (503) is provided on the slide plate (502), both sides of the retaining frame (503) are connected to one end of the support plate (106) away from the first suspension frame (101) via a rotating shaft, a sliding hole adapted to the slide plate (502) is provided in the middle of the retaining frame (503), a spring (504) is welded to one end of the retaining frame (503), the slide plate (502) is provided in the middle of the spring (504), and one end of the spring (504) is welded to the slide plate (502) close to the fertilizer scraper (501).

8. The integrated machine suitable for tractor spiral furrowing, deep fertilization and soil covering according to claim 1, characterized in that: Connecting blocks (505) are welded to both ends of the top of the fertilizer scraper (501) near the first suspension frame (101), and connecting plates (105) are welded to both ends of the first suspension frame (101) near the support plate (106), and the two connecting blocks (505) are respectively connected via the two connecting blocks (505) of the rotating shaft.

9. An integrated machine suitable for tractor spiral furrowing, deep fertilization and soil covering according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The working method of the machine specifically comprises the following steps: Step 1: Hang the first suspension bracket (101) and the second suspension bracket (104) on the support mechanism (1) behind the tractor via a pin, and load fertilizer into the fertilizer box (201); Step 2: The hydraulic drive motor (301) drives the two belts (303) on the driving wheel (302) to rotate. The two belts (303) drive the driven wheel (204) and the fertilizer box (201) to rotate as a whole. The tractor moves forward and drops the spiral blade (206) on the excavation mechanism (2). Under the action of the rotation of the fertilizer box (201), the blocking rod (403) drives the fertilizer to rotate as a whole. The fertilizer is discharged from the bottom of the fertilizer discharge pipe (203) under the guidance of the spiral scraper (404); Step 3: The tractor moves forward, and the discharged fertilizer is mixed with the soil by the end of the spiral blade (206). The fertilizer scraper (501) moves up and down under the elastic action of the spring (504). The soil is backfilled under the action of the fertilizer scraper (501). The tractor moves forward to complete the ditching, deep fertilization at the bottom of the ditch, fertilizer mixing, and soil covering, which is an integrated operation.

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