Bait for trapping silurus asotus to invade fishes

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of prevention and control of invading fishes, and particularly relates to bait for trapping silurus meridionalis invading fishes. According to the invention, multiple raw material screening experiments, raw material optimization experiments and raw material combination screening experiments are carried out; finally, the bait for trapping the silurus asotus invading fishes is screened out and comprises, by weight, 1 part of euphausia superba powder, 1 part of pork liver powder, 1 part of chicken liver powder, 1 part of chicken intestine powder, 1 part of hydrogossypium powder, 1 part of sweet potato powder, 3 parts of peanut crisp powder and 1 part of ampullaria gigas powder, all the raw material powder are mixed according to the proportion, water is added, stirring is conducted, and the bait for trapping the silurus asotus invading fishes is obtained. Through comparison of six times of implementation results, the number of scavengers attracted by the bait provided by the invention is larger than that attracted by commercial bait for four times, and it is proved that the bait provided by the invention has a certain attraction effect on the scavengers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of invasive fish prevention and control, and particularly relates to a bait for attracting invasive Siluriformes fish. Background Art

[0002] Invasive fish species, by preying on food, occupying habitats, and devouring native fish eggs, can lead to a sharp decline in aquatic biodiversity and even trigger ecosystem collapse. There is a lack of methods and technologies to control invasive fish. Currently, chemical methods and targeted fishing are the main methods used, but the uneven distribution of invasive fish makes centralized fishing difficult.

[0003] The scavenger catfish (Pterygoplichthys multiradiatus, also known as the leopard catfish and multi-rayed catfish) is a freshwater fish native to South America. Due to human introduction, it has become widespread in southern Chinese waters, becoming a typical invasive species. The scavenger catfish can tolerate polluted and low-oxygen waters, survive for several days out of water, and can even revive in water after exposure to the sun on land. It is extremely fertile and can reproduce spontaneously in natural waters, laying up to 700-1000 eggs per spawn. It feeds on algae and organic debris, and as adults, it devours large quantities of eggs and fry of native fish, consuming an average of 3000-5000 eggs per day. It attacks injured fish, sucking at their wounds and causing death, squeezing out native fish. Its prevalence in waters such as the Pearl River and Chikan Reservoir has caused regional extinctions of native fish. Artificial capture of the scavenger catfish is inefficient. Attempts to introduce natural predators, such as tilapia, have limited success and pose the risk of new invasions. Current control techniques for the scavenger catfish require further improvement.

[0004] Currently, regarding fish baits, most common baits on the market are universal fish baits, and there are no baits for scavengers. Therefore, developing a scavenger-attracting bait to enhance fishing efficiency is a technical problem that needs to be urgently solved in the present invention. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a bait for attracting invasive Siluriformes fish. After multiple experiments in raw material screening, raw material optimization, and raw material combination screening, the present invention ultimately selected a bait for attracting invasive Siluriformes fish, comprising 1 part by weight of Antarctic krill powder, 1 part by weight of pork liver powder, 1 part by weight of chicken liver powder, 1 part by weight of chicken rice noodle rolls, 1 part by weight of water cottonseed algae powder, 1 part by weight of sweet potato powder, 3 parts by weight of peanut crisp powder, and 1 part by weight of golden apple snail powder. The raw material powders are mixed in proportion, then water is added, stirred, and kneaded into a ball to obtain the bait for attracting invasive Siluriformes fish. Comparing the results of six trials, the bait of the present invention attracted more scavengers than the commercial bait in four cases, demonstrating that the bait of the present invention has a certain attractive effect on scavengers.

[0006] The present invention has undergone multiple raw material screening experiments, raw material optimization experiments and raw material combination screening experiments as follows (among the raw materials, the fresh materials containing water are first dried in an oven at 60°C for 48 hours, and then ground into powder with a grinder for later use; the raw materials that are already dry are directly ground into powder for later use):

[0007] Experiment 1: Blank experiment

[0008] Six empty petri dishes were placed in corresponding test locations. Four medium-sized (approximately 15 cm) scavengers were placed in the test tanks for testing. A surveillance camera was installed above the test tank to record the experiment. The experiment lasted 48 hours. The scavengers' activity at different locations was tested in the absence of bait. The results showed that in the absence of bait, the scavengers' activity at each test location was not significantly different.

[0009] Experiment 2: First raw material screening

[0010] Six single-ingredient raw materials (soybean powder, water spiny algae powder, oatmeal powder, scavenger muscle powder, chicken liver powder, and Japanese prawn powder) were mixed with sticky powder in a mass ratio of 2:1, and then added with appropriate amount of water, stirred and kneaded into a ball (about 30 grams) and placed in a glass culture dish. The culture dish was then placed in the corresponding position of an experimental tank (1.77m long, 1.5m wide, and 0.6m high), and seven medium-sized (about 15cm) scavengers were placed in the tank for experimental testing. A surveillance camera was installed above the experimental tank to record the experimental process, which lasted 48 hours. The number of times each sample material attracted scavengers to approach was counted by watching the surveillance video. The results, from high to low, were as follows: water spiny algae powder > chicken liver powder > soybean powder > Japanese prawn powder > scavenger muscle powder > oatmeal powder.

[0011] Experiment 3: Second raw material screening

[0012] Six single-ingredient raw materials (sweet potato flour, mung bean flour, rice flour, scavenger offal powder, apple snail powder, and pork liver powder) were mixed with sticky powder in a mass ratio of 2:1, and then added with appropriate amount of water, stirred and kneaded into a ball (about 30 grams) and placed in a glass culture dish. The culture dish was then placed in the corresponding position of the experimental tank (1.77m long, 1.5m wide, and 0.6m high), and then 7 medium-sized (about 15cm) scavengers were placed for experimental testing. A surveillance camera was installed above the experimental tank to record the experimental process. The experiment lasted 48 hours. By watching the surveillance video, the number of times each sample material attracted scavengers to approach was counted. The results were ranked from high to low as apple snail powder > pork liver powder > sweet potato flour > rice flour > mung bean powder > scavenger offal powder.

[0013] Experiment 4: Third raw material screening

[0014] Six single-ingredient raw materials (crab roe, chicken rice noodle rolls, egg yolk powder, corn flour, potato flour, and peanut flour) were mixed with sticky flour in a mass ratio of 2:1, and then added with appropriate amount of water, stirred and kneaded into a ball (about 30 grams) and placed in a glass culture dish. The culture dish was then placed in the corresponding position of the experimental tank (1.77m long, 1.5m wide, and 0.6m high), and then 7 medium-sized (about 15cm) scavengers were placed in for experimental testing. A surveillance camera was installed above the experimental tank to record the experimental process. The experiment lasted 48 hours. By watching the surveillance video, the number of times each sample material attracted the scavengers to approach was counted. The results, from high to low, were peanut flour > chicken rice noodle rolls > crab roe > potato flour > egg yolk powder > corn flour.

[0015] Experiment 5: Fourth raw material screening

[0016] Six single-ingredient raw materials (Antarctic krill powder, crayfish powder, egg white powder, corn flour, earthworm powder, and kelp powder) were mixed with sticky powder in a mass ratio of 2:1, and then added with appropriate amount of water, stirred and kneaded into a ball (about 30 grams) and placed in a glass culture dish. The culture dish was then placed in the corresponding position of the experimental tank (1.77m long, 1.5m wide, and 0.6m high), and then 7 medium-sized (about 15cm) scavengers were placed in for experimental testing. A surveillance camera was installed above the experimental tank to record the experimental process. The experiment lasted 48 hours. By watching the surveillance video, the number of times each sample material attracted the scavenger to approach was counted. The results, from high to low, were Antarctic krill powder> crayfish powder> earthworm powder=corn flour=kelp powder>egg white powder.

[0017] Experiment 6: Fifth raw material screening

[0018] Six single-ingredient raw materials (crab powder, shrimp powder, crayfish powder, pork liver powder, chicken liver powder, and chicken rice noodle rolls) were mixed with sticky powder in a mass ratio of 1:2, and then added with appropriate amount of water, stirred and kneaded into a ball (about 30 grams) and placed in a glass culture dish. The culture dish was then placed in the corresponding position of the experimental tank (1.77m long, 1.5m wide, and 0.6m high), and then four medium-sized (about 15cm) scavengers were placed in for experimental testing. A surveillance camera was installed above the experimental tank to record the experimental process. The experiment lasted 48 hours. By watching the surveillance video, the number of times each sample material attracted the scavenger to approach was counted. The results, from high to low, were crayfish powder > pork powder > chicken liver powder > chicken rice noodle rolls > shrimp powder > crab powder.

[0019] Experiment 7: Sixth raw material screening

[0020] Antarctic krill meal, sweet potato flour, and flour were combined in a 1:1 ratio to create six combinations: flour, sweet potato flour, flour + sweet potato flour, flour + Antarctic krill meal, sweet potato flour + Antarctic krill meal, and flour + sweet potato flour + Antarctic krill meal. Water was then added to the mixture, kneading it into a ball (approximately 30 grams) and placing it in a glass Petri dish. The Petri dish was then placed in a test tank (1.77 meters long, 1.5 meters wide, and 0.6 meters high) and four medium-sized (approximately 15 cm) scavengers were placed in the tank for testing. A surveillance camera was installed above the tank to record the experiment for 48 hours. The video footage was used to record the number of scavengers attracted to each sample. The results, from highest to lowest, were as follows: sweet potato flour + Antarctic krill meal > flour > flour + sweet potato flour + Antarctic krill meal = sweet potato flour > flour + Antarctic krill meal > flour + sweet potato flour.

[0021] Experiment 8: Optimization Experiment

[0022] From the previous experiments, six materials with better effects were selected (Antarctic krill powder, apple snail powder, algae powder, peanut crisps, sweet potato powder, and scavenger muscle powder). These six single-ingredient raw materials were mixed with sticky powder in a mass ratio of 1:2, and then added with appropriate amount of water to stir and knead into a ball (about 30 grams) and put into a glass culture dish. The culture dish was then placed in the corresponding position of the experimental tank (1.77m long, 1.5m wide, and 0.6m high), and then four medium-sized (about 15cm) scavengers were placed for experimental testing. A surveillance camera was installed above the experimental tank to record the experimental process. The experiment lasted 48 hours. By watching the surveillance video, the number of times each sample material attracted the scavenger to approach was counted. The results, from high to low, were as follows: algae powder > Antarctic krill powder > apple snail powder > sweet potato powder > peanut crisps > scavenger muscle powder.

[0023] Experiment 9: First combination screening

[0024] Antarctic krill meal, water gossypium meal, pork liver meal, chicken liver meal, chicken rice noodle rolls, peanut crisp powder, golden apple snail powder, and sweet potato powder were mixed into different combinations according to the proportions shown in Table 1. A commercial bait (a general-purpose fishing bait purchased from an offline fishing tackle store) was used as a control. An appropriate amount of water was added, stirred, and kneaded into a ball (approximately 30 grams). The ball was then placed in a glass Petri dish. The Petri dish was then placed in the corresponding position of an experimental tank (1.77 m long, 1.5 m wide, and 0.6 m high). Four medium-sized (approximately 15 cm) scavengers were placed in the tank for testing. A surveillance camera was installed above the tank to record the experiment. The experiment lasted 48 hours. The surveillance video was used to count the number of scavengers attracted to each bait combination. Combination E attracted the most scavengers.

[0025] Table 1

[0026]

[0027] Experiment 10: Second combination screening

[0028] Antarctic krill meal, water gossypium meal, pork liver meal, chicken liver meal, chicken rice noodle rolls, peanut crisp powder, golden apple snail powder, and sweet potato powder were mixed into different combinations according to the proportions in Table 2 below. A commercial bait (a general-purpose fishing bait purchased from an offline fishing tackle store) was used as a control. An appropriate amount of water was added, stirred, and kneaded into a ball (approximately 30 grams). The ball was then placed in a glass Petri dish. The Petri dish was then placed in the corresponding position of an experimental tank (1.77 m long, 1.5 m wide, and 0.6 m high). Four medium-sized (approximately 15 cm) scavengers were placed in the tank for testing. A surveillance camera was installed above the tank to record the experiment for 48 hours. The number of scavengers attracted to each bait combination was counted by watching the surveillance video. Combination E attracted the most scavengers.

[0029] Table 2

[0030]

[0031] After multiple raw material screening experiments, raw material optimization experiments and raw material combination screening experiments, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0032] The invention provides a bait for attracting invasive Siluriformes fish. The ingredients of the bait include Antarctic krill powder, pig liver powder, chicken liver powder, chicken rice noodle rolls, water cotton algae powder, sweet potato powder, peanut crisp powder and golden apple snail powder.

[0033] Preferably, the ingredients of the bait include 1 part by weight of Antarctic krill powder, 1 part by weight of pork liver powder, 1 part by weight of chicken liver powder, 1 part by weight of chicken rice noodle rolls, 1 part by weight of water cottonseed algae powder, 1 part by weight of sweet potato powder, 3 parts by weight of peanut crisp powder, and 1 part by weight of golden apple snail powder.

[0034] Preferably, the method for making the Antarctic krill powder is: drying fresh Antarctic krill and then grinding it into powder; the method for making the pork liver powder is: drying fresh pork liver and then grinding it into powder.

[0035] Preferably, the chicken liver powder is prepared by drying fresh chicken liver and then grinding it into powder.

[0036] Preferably, the method for making the chicken rice noodle rolls is: drying fresh chicken intestines and then grinding them into powder.

[0037] Preferably, the preparation method of the water hyssopus powder is: drying fresh water hyssopus and then grinding it into powder.

[0038] Preferably, the sweet potato flour is purchased directly from a supermarket by kilogram.

[0039] Preferably, the method for preparing the peanut crisp powder is as follows: grinding the dried flaky peanut crisps into powder using a grinder.

[0040] Preferably, the method for preparing the golden apple snail powder is: taking fresh golden apple snail meat, drying it, and then grinding it into powder.

[0041] Preferably, the preparation method of the bait is: mix 1 part by weight of Antarctic krill powder, 1 part by weight of pork liver powder, 1 part by weight of chicken liver powder, 1 part by weight of chicken rice noodle rolls, 1 part by weight of water cottonwood powder, 1 part by weight of sweet potato powder, 3 parts by weight of peanut crisp powder, and 1 part by weight of golden apple snail powder, add water in a weight ratio of 1:1, stir, and knead into a ball.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] The present invention has undergone multiple raw material screening experiments, raw material optimization experiments and raw material combination screening experiments, and finally screened out a bait for attracting invasive Siluriformes fish, which includes 1 weight part of Antarctic krill powder, 1 weight part of pork liver powder, 1 weight part of chicken liver powder, 1 weight part of chicken rice noodle rolls, 1 weight part of water cotton algae powder, 1 weight part of sweet potato powder, 3 weight parts of peanut crisp powder, and 1 weight part of golden apple snail powder. The raw material powders are mixed according to proportion, and then water is added and stirred, and the mixture is kneaded into a ball to obtain the bait for attracting invasive Siluriformes fish. By comparing the results of 6 implementations, it was found that the bait of the present invention attracted more scavengers than the commercial bait in 4 cases, which proves that the bait of the present invention has a certain attraction effect on scavengers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following is a further description of specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is intended to facilitate understanding of the present invention and does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0045] The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the experimental materials used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] A bait for attracting invasive Siluriformes fish, comprising 1 part by weight of Antarctic krill powder, 1 part by weight of pork liver powder, 1 part by weight of chicken liver powder, 1 part by weight of chicken rice noodle rolls, 1 part by weight of water gossypium algae powder, 1 part by weight of sweet potato powder, 3 parts by weight of peanut crisp powder, and 1 part by weight of golden apple snail powder. The bait is prepared by mixing the above ingredients in appropriate proportions, adding water in a 1:1 weight ratio, stirring, and kneading into a dough.

[0048] Experimental Example 1: Fish Pond

[0049] Commercial bait (Wangzhongwang brand earthworm bait purchased online) and the bait from Example 1 were separately placed in non-woven bait bags, each containing approximately 10 grams of bait. These bags were then placed in ground traps as bait, with six bait bags placed in each trap. The traps, filled with bait, were then placed in a fish pond to test their effectiveness in attracting scavengers. The test lasted approximately 16 hours. By comparing the catches in the traps, the results, shown in Table 3 below, show that the bait from Example 1 attracted more scavengers than the commercial bait.

[0050] Table 3

[0051]

[0052] Experimental Example 2: Wild River

[0053] Commercial bait (Wangzhongwang brand earthworm bait purchased online) and the bait from Example 1 were separately placed in non-woven bait bags, each containing approximately 10 grams of bait. These bags were then placed in ground traps, each containing six bait bags. The traps, each containing bait, were then placed in a stream to test their effectiveness in attracting scavengers. The test lasted approximately 16 hours. By comparing the catches in the traps, the results, shown in Table 4 below, showed that the bait from Example 1 attracted more scavengers than the commercial bait.

[0054] Table 4

[0055]

[0056] Experimental Example 3: Fish Pond

[0057] Commercial bait (a general-purpose fishing bait purchased from an offline fishing tackle shop) and the bait from Example 1 were separately placed in non-woven bait bags, each containing approximately 10 grams of bait. These bags were then placed in ground traps as bait, with six bait bags placed in each trap. The traps, filled with bait, were then placed in the pond to test their effectiveness in attracting scavengers. The test lasted approximately 16 hours. By comparing the catches in the traps, the results, shown in Table 5 below, show that the bait from Example 1 attracted more scavengers than the commercial bait.

[0058] Table 5

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] Experimental Example 4: Wild River

[0062] Commercial bait (a general-purpose fishing bait purchased from an offline fishing tackle shop) and the bait from Example 1 were separately placed in non-woven bait bags, each containing approximately 10 grams of bait. These bags were then placed in ground traps as bait, with six bait bags placed in each trap. The traps, filled with bait, were then placed in a stream to test their effectiveness in attracting scavengers. The test lasted approximately 16 hours. By comparing the catches in the traps, the results, shown in Table 6 below, show that the bait from Example 1 attracted more scavengers than the commercial bait.

[0063] Table 6

[0064]

[0065] Experimental Example 5: Fish Pond

[0066] The commercial bait (Dragon King Hate brand wild blue crucian carp all-killing bait purchased from JD.com) and the bait in Example 1 were separately placed in non-woven bait bags, each bag containing about 10 grams of bait. They were placed separately in ground cages as bait, with 6 bait bags placed in each ground cage. The ground cages filled with bait were placed in the fish pond to test their ability to attract scavengers. The test lasted about 16 hours. By statistically comparing the catches of the ground cages, the results are shown in Table 7 below. The number of scavengers attracted by the bait in Example 1 was greater than that of the commercial bait.

[0067] Table 7

[0068]

[0069] Experimental Example 6: Wild River

[0070] The commercial bait (Dragon King Hate brand wild blue crucian carp all-purpose bait purchased from JD.com) and the bait in Example 1 were separately placed in non-woven bait bags, each containing approximately 10 grams of bait. These were then placed in ground traps as bait, with six bait bags placed in each trap. The traps containing the bait were then placed in the river to test their ability to attract scavengers. The test lasted approximately 16 hours. By comparing the catches in the traps, the results are shown in Table 8 below. The bait in Example 1 attracted more scavengers than the commercial bait.

[0071] Table 8

[0072]

[0073] It can be seen from the results of Experimental Examples 1 to 6 above that, by comparing the results of 6 implementations, in 4 cases, the number of scavengers attracted by the bait of Example 1 was greater than that of the commercial bait. Therefore, it can be concluded that the bait of the present invention has a certain attraction effect on scavengers.

[0074] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It is apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations of these embodiments may be made without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the changes still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bait for attracting invasive fish of the order Siluriformes, characterized in that: The ingredients of the bait include Antarctic krill powder, pig liver powder, chicken liver powder, chicken rice noodle rolls, water cotton algae powder, sweet potato powder, peanut crisp powder and golden apple snail powder.

2. The bait for attracting invasive Siluriformes fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bait comprises 1 part by weight of Antarctic krill powder, 1 part by weight of pig liver powder, 1 part by weight of chicken liver powder, 1 part by weight of chicken rice noodle rolls, 1 part by weight of water cottonwood powder, 1 part by weight of sweet potato powder, 3 parts by weight of peanut crisp powder, and 1 part by weight of golden apple snail powder.

3. The bait for attracting invasive Siluriformes fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the Antarctic krill powder is as follows: fresh Antarctic krill is dried and then ground into powder.

4. The bait for attracting invasive Siluriformes fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the pig liver powder is: drying fresh pig liver and then grinding it into powder.

5. The bait for attracting invasive Siluriformes fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the chicken liver powder is as follows: drying fresh chicken liver and then grinding it into powder.

6. The bait for attracting invasive Siluriformes fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the chicken rice noodle roll is as follows: drying fresh chicken intestines and then grinding them into powder.

7. The bait for attracting invasive Siluriformes fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the water cotton algae powder is as follows: fresh water cotton algae is dried and then ground into powder.

8. The bait for attracting invasive Siluriformes fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for preparing the peanut crisp powder comprises the following steps: grinding dried flaky peanut crisps into powder using a grinder.

9. The bait for attracting invasive Siluriformes fish according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method of the golden apple snail powder comprises the following steps: taking fresh golden apple snail meat, drying it, and then grinding it into powder.

10. The bait for attracting invasive Siluriformes fish according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bait is prepared by mixing 1 part by weight of Antarctic krill powder, 1 part by weight of pork liver powder, 1 part by weight of chicken liver powder, 1 part by weight of chicken rice noodle rolls, 1 part by weight of water cottonwood powder, 1 part by weight of sweet potato powder, 3 parts by weight of peanut crisp powder, and 1 part by weight of golden apple snail powder, adding water in a weight ratio of 1:1, stirring, and kneading into a ball.

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