Water jet hole-breaking electric vehicle battery fire extinguishing device and method based on AI control

Abstract

The invention relates to a water jet hole-breaking fire extinguishing device and method for an electric vehicle battery based on AI control, and belongs to the technical field of fire fighting equipment. Comprising a mobile platform; the rack is mounted on the movable platform; the abrasive water jet barrier breaking module is mounted on the rack and is provided with a first working part; the multiphase fire extinguishing material injection system is mounted on the rack and is provided with a second working part; the multi-mode fire source detection unit is used for collecting a three-dimensional structure, a fire source position and fire development real-time data of the battery pack; and the AI control unit is in communication connection with the multi-mode fire source detection unit, the abrasive water jet barrier breaking module and the multi-phase fire extinguishing material injection system, and the AI control unit receives detection data so as to select a fire extinguishing material and an injection path and further guide the first working part and the second working part to cooperatively work. The technical problems that in the prior art, different fire extinguishing measurements are needed when different types of batteries are on fire, and the conversion efficiency between different fire extinguishing agents for extinguishing different fire behaviors is too low are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fire-fighting equipment, and in particular relates to an AI-controlled water jet puncture fire extinguishing device and method for electric vehicle battery fires. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, electric vehicle battery fires are becoming increasingly common. Battery pack casings are often made of high-strength aluminum alloys or composite materials, making them difficult to penetrate quickly with traditional firefighting methods. This prevents the extinguishing agent from effectively reaching the fire source, and chemical reaction fires like those in automotive batteries require more complex extinguishing methods.

[0003] Patent publication number CN116421911A discloses a high-pressure water jet cutting-based fire extinguishing system for electric vehicle battery fires. The system includes a fire extinguishing management backend, multiple front-end detection devices within the detection area, and multiple firefighting and rescue robots equipped with high-pressure water jet cutting devices and control modules. In the event of a fire, the system can quickly locate the location of the electric vehicle and its batteries, control the firefighting and rescue robots equipped with high-pressure water jet cutting devices, and then proceed to the location. The high-pressure water jet cutting devices can then be used to rapidly cut and dismantle the power battery of the electric vehicle. The high-pressure water jet utilizes the conductivity of the high-pressure water jet to rapidly release the battery's energy. Fire extinguishing agents with high specific heat capacity, such as water, are then introduced into the power battery pack to rapidly cool the cells, blocking chemical reactions and achieving rapid fire extinguishing.

[0004] The existing technology has at least the following problems during use:

[0005] Different types of battery fires require different fire extinguishing measures, and the conversion efficiency between different fire extinguishing agents for different fire conditions is too low. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides an AI-controlled water jet puncture fire extinguishing device and method for electric vehicle battery fires, which is used to solve the technical problems in the prior art that different types of battery fires require different fire extinguishing measurements and the conversion efficiency between different fire extinguishing agents for extinguishing different fire conditions is too low.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0008] A water jet puncture fire extinguishing device for electric vehicle batteries based on AI control comprises: a mobile platform; a frame mounted on the mobile platform; an abrasive water jet obstacle breaking module mounted on the frame, comprising a first working part; a multi-phase fire extinguishing material injection system mounted on the frame, comprising a second working part; a multi-modal fire source detection unit for collecting real-time data on the three-dimensional structure, fire source location, and fire development of the battery pack; and an AI control unit communicatively connected to the multi-modal fire source detection unit, the abrasive water jet obstacle breaking module, and the multi-phase fire extinguishing material injection system. The AI control unit receives the detection data to generate a puncture strategy and a fire extinguishing material injection path plan, thereby guiding the first and second working parts to perform collaborative operations.

[0009] Furthermore, the multimodal fire source detection unit includes: a millimeter-wave radar, installed on the rack and communicatively connected to the detection unit; an infrared thermal imaging camera, installed on the rack and communicatively connected to the detection unit; an acquisition unit, communicatively connected to the AI control unit, for acquiring status data; a sensor group, communicatively connected to the AI control unit, the sensor group consisting of a pressure sensor and an ultraviolet flame sensor, the pressure sensor being installed on the surface of the first working part for monitoring the rupture pressure, and the ultraviolet flame sensor being used to detect the re-ignition signal.

[0010] Furthermore, the abrasive water jet obstacle breaking module includes: a variable-angle fan-shaped nozzle, installed on the first working part; a servo angle adjustment mechanism, installed on the first working part, used to drive the nozzle to achieve ±15° dynamic angle compensation; a pulsed abrasive mixing chamber, installed in the frame, connected to the nozzle through a high-pressure pipeline, and the mixing chamber is communicatively connected to the AI control unit; an abrasive replacement module, installed on the frame, and connected to the pulsed abrasive mixing chamber through a pipeline.

[0011] Furthermore, the multi-phase fire extinguishing material injection system includes: multiple boxes installed on the frame; a three-channel composite nozzle installed on the second working part and connected to the multiple boxes through a pipeline; a reversing valve group, the reversing valve group is transmission-connected to the composite nozzle and communication-connected to the AI control unit; a mixing chamber installed on the frame and communication-connected to the AI control unit, and the mixing chamber is connected to the reversing valve group.

[0012] Furthermore, the mobile platform includes: a driving wheel group, which is rotatably installed at the bottom of the frame; a motion control module, which is transmission-connected to the driving wheel group, and the control module is communicatively connected to the AI control unit; and a hydraulic support leg, which is installed at the bottom of the frame.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes: a waste liquid recovery system, which is communicatively connected to the AI control unit; a spray dust suppression device, which is installed on the first working part and the second working part, and is communicatively connected to the AI control unit; a dust concentration sensor, which is installed in the working area, and is communicatively connected to the AI control unit.

[0014] A method for extinguishing an electric vehicle battery fire by using an abrasive water jet to pierce a hole comprises the following steps:

[0015] Step S1: Initial positioning: Control the mobile platform to the battery fire area and activate the hydraulic support legs to form a stable support;

[0016] Step S2: Data acquisition: using millimeter-wave radar, thermal imaging camera, and sensor group to obtain real-time data on the battery pack's three-dimensional structure, fire source coordinates, battery status, and fire area, and confirm the battery type and structural characteristics of the battery pack through information matching;

[0017] Step S3: Strategy generation: The AI control unit generates abrasive water jet piercing parameters, fire extinguishing material ratio, and spray path planning based on the collected data through the LSTM neural network;

[0018] Step S4: Collaborative operation: start the abrasive water jet punching according to the strategy. The three-channel nozzle switches the fire extinguishing material according to the fire situation, first breaking the obstacle and then cooling and suffocating. The operation parameters are dynamically adjusted according to real-time feedback, and the abrasive is replenished and replaced through the abrasive replacement module.

[0019] Step S5: Environmental protection treatment, simultaneous recycling and treatment of fire extinguishing waste liquid, real-time monitoring of dust concentration and activation of spray dust reduction;

[0020] Step S6: Reignition warning: After the fire is extinguished, the temperature gradient is continuously monitored and the data is stored to optimize the subsequent fire extinguishing strategy.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention include: through multimodal sensor data fusion and AI decision-making, the battery pack structure and fire source position can be accurately positioned, and the piercing strategy can be intelligently generated; the variable-angle fan-shaped nozzle and the pulsed abrasive jet work together to adapt to hard metal / composite shells, and the piercing efficiency is improved by more than 40%; three-channel composite injection and dynamic mixing of multi-phase materials realize "obstacle breaking-cooling-suffocation" integrated fire extinguishing to cope with various types of battery fire scenarios; the re-ignition warning mechanism based on temperature gradient improves the safety and thoroughness of fire extinguishing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an AI-controlled water jet puncture and fire extinguishing device and method for electric vehicle battery fires provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A logic diagram of an AI-controlled water jet puncture method for extinguishing an electric vehicle battery fire, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a logic diagram of step S4 of a method for extinguishing an electric vehicle battery fire by using a water jet to puncture a hole based on AI control, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 11-driving wheel assembly; 12-hydraulic support leg; 20-multimodal fire source detection unit; 30-AI control unit; 41-variable angle fan nozzle; 42-servo angle adjustment mechanism; 43-pulse abrasive mixing chamber; 44-abrasive replacement module; 51-box; 52-mixing chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0029] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. Throughout this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0030] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to welding, bolting, or riveting; fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] Example:

[0032] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment provides an AI-controlled water jet puncture fire extinguishing device for electric vehicle batteries, comprising: a mobile platform; a frame mounted on the mobile platform; an abrasive water jet obstacle breaking module mounted on the frame, comprising a first working part; a multi-phase fire extinguishing material injection system mounted on the frame, comprising a second working part; a multi-modal fire source detection unit 20 for collecting real-time data on the three-dimensional structure of the battery pack, the location of the fire source, and the development of the fire; an AI control unit 30, which is in communication with the multi-modal fire source detection unit 20, the abrasive water jet obstacle breaking module, and the multi-phase fire extinguishing material injection system. The AI control unit 30 receives the detection data to generate a puncture strategy and a fire extinguishing material injection path plan, thereby guiding the first working part and the second working part to perform collaborative operations.

[0033] In this embodiment, the mobile platform adopts a four-wheel drive all-terrain crawler chassis structure, and the surface of the crawler is provided with staggered anti-skid teeth, which can stably travel on complex terrains such as gravel and mud commonly found at fire scenes. Independent hydraulic drive motors are installed at the four corners of the chassis, and each motor is connected to the hydraulic pump station through a servo valve group. The AI control unit 30 accurately controls the speed and steering of each drive wheel by adjusting the opening of the servo valve group to achieve auxiliary control adjustment of the direction. The frame is a high-strength truss steel structure, which is flexibly connected to the mobile platform through shock-absorbing rubber pads, which can effectively reduce vibration transmission during operation and ensure the stability of the frame. Two parallel linear slide rails are set on the top of the frame. The surface of the slide rails is hardened and combined with high-precision sliders to provide horizontal moving tracks for the abrasive water jet obstacle removal module and the multi-phase fire extinguishing material injection system;

[0034] The first working part of the abrasive water jet obstacle breaking module adopts a robotic arm, whose base is fixed to the slider of the frame through a flange. A quick-change interface is provided at the end of the robotic arm, which can quickly replace different types of nozzle assemblies. The second working part of the multi-phase fire extinguishing material injection system is set on the vertical lifting mechanism, which consists of a ball screw and a linear guide. The lifting platform is installed on the slider on the right side of the frame. A rotating base is provided on the top of the platform, which can drive the three-channel composite nozzle to rotate 360° horizontally; the multimodal fire source detection unit 20 is integrated on the foldable detection bracket at the front end of the frame. During operation, the bracket is unfolded by a hydraulic push rod. The millimeter-wave radar and infrared thermal imaging camera are coaxially installed in an upper and lower stacked manner. The two share a heat dissipation casing and data processing module to reduce the overall volume and weight. The acquisition unit adopts a modular structure and is installed in the equipment compartment on the side of the frame to collect various data of the fire environment, including temperature and smoke concentration. The AI control unit 30 uses an industrial-grade embedded controller and is placed in a sealed control box at the rear of the rack. The box is equipped with redundant power supplies and cooling fans. It interacts with each subsystem through the CAN bus for high-speed and stable data exchange, and generates precise control instructions based on preset algorithms and real-time collected data.

[0035] Furthermore, the multimodal fire source detection unit 20 includes: a millimeter-wave radar, mounted on a rack and communicatively connected to the detection unit; an infrared thermal imaging camera, mounted on a rack and communicatively connected to the detection unit; an acquisition unit, communicatively connected to the AI control unit 30, for acquiring status data; a sensor group, communicatively connected to the AI control unit 30, the sensor group consisting of a pressure sensor and an ultraviolet flame sensor, the pressure sensor being mounted on the surface of the first working part for monitoring the rupture pressure, and the ultraviolet flame sensor being used to detect the re-ignition signal.

[0036] In this embodiment, the millimeter-wave radar uses a frequency-modulated continuous wave radar in the 77GHz frequency band. Its antenna array is encapsulated in a wedge-shaped housing at the front end of the detection bracket. The surface of the housing is anti-reflective to avoid interference with the infrared thermal imaging data. The radar is connected to the signal processing board of the detection unit via a dedicated data line. It can output the distance, speed and angle information of the target in real time, providing key data for the three-dimensional modeling of the battery pack. The infrared thermal imaging camera uses an uncooled focal plane detector with a resolution of 640×480 pixels. The lens is equipped with an autofocus mechanism, which can quickly and clearly image within a range of 1-5 meters. The camera transmits image data to the detection unit via the HDMI interface, and performs spatiotemporal alignment and fusion processing with the radar data.

[0037] The acquisition unit features a drawer-style modular design for easy installation and maintenance. Its front end is equipped with various interfaces, including an OBD-II standard interface, a CAN bus interface, and an Ethernet interface, making it compatible with the battery management systems of electric vehicles from different brands. The unit integrates a data isolator and protocol converter, which can parse and convert raw data into a format recognizable by the AI control unit 30. The pressure sensor is a thin-film strain gauge sensor, affixed to the side of the connecting flange of the abrasive water jet nozzle and connected to the analog input module of the AI control unit 30 via a shielded cable. This allows for real-time and accurate monitoring of changes in the nozzle's impact force during the perforation process. The UV flame sensor utilizes a dual-channel design, mounted on either side of the protective cover of the three-channel composite nozzle. The sensor housing has a built-in optical filter that effectively shields against ambient light interference. Once a flame signal is detected, an interrupt signal is immediately sent to the AI control unit 30 so that timely countermeasures can be taken.

[0038] Furthermore, the abrasive water jet obstacle breaking module includes: a variable-angle fan-shaped nozzle 41, installed on the first working part; a servo angle adjustment mechanism 42, installed on the first working part, used to drive the nozzle to achieve ±15° dynamic angle compensation; a pulsed abrasive mixing chamber 43, installed in the frame, connected to the nozzle through a high-pressure pipeline, and the mixing chamber 52 is communicated with the AI control unit 30; an abrasive replacement module 44, installed on the frame, and connected to the pulsed abrasive mixing chamber 43 through a pipeline.

[0039] In this embodiment, the variable-angle fan-shaped nozzle 41 adopts a split structure, which is mainly composed of a nozzle body, an angle adjustment seat and a nozzle assembly. The nozzle body is fixed to the quick-change interface at the end of the robotic arm by a quick-release buckle. A guide channel and a laser calibration device are provided inside. The laser calibration device can emit a cross laser to assist the operator to quickly and accurately align the nozzle with the hole position. The angle adjustment seat has a built-in micro servo motor and a planetary gear reducer. The output shaft of the servo motor is connected to the nozzle body through an eccentric connecting rod mechanism. When the servo motor rotates, it can drive the nozzle to swing flexibly within the range of ±15°, realizing dynamic adjustment of the spray angle to adapt to battery pack shells of different materials and structures. The nozzle assembly is made of tungsten carbide, and the internal flow channel is finely polished, which can effectively reduce the wear of the inner wall by abrasives and extend the service life of the nozzle.

[0040] The servo motor of the servo angle adjustment mechanism 42 is installed in the protective shell at the end of the robotic arm. The motor shaft is connected to the input shaft of the angle adjustment seat through a coupling. The motor is equipped with an absolute encoder, which can provide real-time feedback on the angle position of the nozzle to ensure the accuracy of the angle adjustment. The surface of the protective shell is provided with cooling fins and equipped with a micro fan for forced heat dissipation to ensure the stability of the motor under long-term operation. The pulse abrasive mixing chamber 43 is installed in a sealed cabin at the bottom of the frame. The main body of the mixing chamber 52 is a T-shaped structure, one side is connected to the outlet pipe of the high-pressure water pump, and the other side is connected to the abrasive delivery pipeline. The top is provided with an air inlet connected to the compressed air system. A rotatable mixing impeller is provided in the cavity, which is driven by a stepper motor. By controlling the speed and air intake of the impeller, the frequency and intensity of the pulse jet can be flexibly adjusted to meet the needs of different hole-breaking working conditions. The inner wall of the mixing chamber 52 is sprayed with a wear-resistant ceramic coating, which effectively improves the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the cavity.

[0041] The abrasive replacement module 44 is located in the storage compartment on the side of the frame and consists of a storage tank, a metering screw and a pneumatic valve. The storage tank is made of double-layer stainless steel and is equipped with an agitator inside to prevent the abrasive from agglomerating during storage. The metering screw is installed at the bottom of the storage tank and is driven by a servo motor. By precisely controlling the number of rotations of the screw, the abrasive delivery amount can be precisely controlled. The pneumatic valve is installed on the abrasive delivery pipeline. The AI control unit 30 sends instructions according to the actual needs of the punching operation. The valve can be opened and closed quickly to realize the on-demand supply of abrasive. The module is also equipped with a material level sensor. When the abrasive in the storage tank is lower than the set threshold, it automatically issues a replacement prompt to ensure the continuity of the punching operation.

[0042] Furthermore, the multi-phase fire extinguishing material injection system includes: multiple boxes 51, installed on the frame; a three-channel composite nozzle, installed on the second working part, connected to the multiple boxes 51 through a pipeline; a reversing valve group, the reversing valve group is transmission-connected to the composite nozzle and is communicatively connected to the AI control unit 30; a mixing chamber 52, installed on the frame, is communicatively connected to the AI control unit 30, and the mixing chamber 52 is connected to the reversing valve group.

[0043] In this embodiment, multiple tanks 51 are neatly arranged and installed in the central area of the rack, respectively storing water-based fire extinguishing agent, dry powder fire extinguishing agent, and foam fire extinguishing agent. The tanks 51 are constructed of high-strength engineering plastic, offering lightweight and corrosion resistance. Each tank 51 is equipped with a liquid level sensor that monitors the internal fire extinguishing agent level in real time and transmits this data to the AI control unit 30. A refill port is located on the top of the tank 51, allowing for convenient replenishment of the fire extinguishing agent before or during operation.

[0044] The three-channel composite sprinkler is mounted on the rotating base of the second working section's vertical lift mechanism. The sprinklers are arranged in a concentrically nested configuration. The innermost channel is for the abrasive water jet, the middle annular channel for the water-based fire extinguishing agent, and the outer annular channel for the dry powder or foam fire extinguishing agent. The sprinkler head features a detachable design, with dedicated atomizing nozzles at the outlets of each channel. This allows for tailored spray patterns based on the characteristics of the extinguishing agent and the firefighting requirements, ensuring uniform and efficient coverage of the fire source. The sprinkler is connected to a reversing valve assembly via a high-pressure hose to deliver the extinguishing agent.

[0045] The reversing valve group is installed in the control cabin in the middle of the frame. It consists of three two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valves, which correspond to the three channels of the three-channel composite nozzle. The reversing valve adopts a pilot structure, and the inner wall of the valve body is nickel-plated to effectively prevent the fire extinguishing agent from corroding the valve body. Each reversing valve is connected to the corresponding inlet of the mixing chamber 52 through a high-pressure hose. The AI control unit 30 controls the switching of the valve core by sending an electrical signal to achieve fast and accurate switching of different fire extinguishing materials. The mixing chamber 52 has a spiral pipe structure and is installed at the bottom of the frame near the nozzle. The inner wall of the chamber is provided with staggered spoiler blades. When different fire extinguishing materials enter the mixing chamber 52, they are fully mixed under the action of the spoiler blades to form a uniform multiphase flow, thereby improving the fire extinguishing effect. A pressure sensor is provided at the outlet of the mixing chamber 52 to monitor the pressure of the mixed fire extinguishing materials in real time and feed back the data to the AI control unit 30 for precise flow regulation.

[0046] Furthermore, the mobile platform includes: a driving wheel group 11, which is rotatably installed at the bottom of the frame; a motion control module, which is transmission-connected to the driving wheel group 11, and the control module is communication-connected to the AI control unit 30; and a hydraulic support leg 12, which is installed at the bottom of the frame.

[0047] In this embodiment, the drive wheel assembly 11 consists of four track-driven wheels. Each drive wheel is equipped with an independent hydraulic motor and planetary gear reducer. The hydraulic motor is connected to the hydraulic pump station on the chassis via a high-pressure oil pipe. The tracks are made of a rubber-metal composite material, with an embedded steel wire reinforcement layer and dense anti-slip serrations on the outside, providing strong grip on complex terrain. The drive wheels are mounted on the chassis' suspension brackets via bearing blocks. The suspension brackets are adjustable, and the track tension can be adjusted using a hydraulic cylinder to ensure stable operation of the drive wheels under various operating conditions.

[0048] The motion control module is integrated into the chassis's electrical control box and primarily consists of a motion controller, servo driver, and sensor group. The motion controller receives motion commands from the AI control unit 30 and accurately transmits speed and steering signals to the servo driver via the CAN bus. The servo driver adjusts the speed and steering of the hydraulic motor in real time based on the commands, enabling precise control of the mobile platform. The sensor group includes a gyroscope, accelerometer, and ultrasonic ranging sensor. The gyroscope and accelerometer are used to detect changes in the platform's posture in real time and provide posture compensation data for motion control. The ultrasonic ranging sensors, installed around the chassis, can monitor the distance between the platform and surrounding obstacles in real time. When the distance falls below a safety threshold, an alarm is automatically triggered and the platform's motion state is adjusted to prevent collisions.

[0049] There are four hydraulic support legs 12, symmetrically distributed at the four corners of the bottom of the frame. Each support leg is composed of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, a support seat and a leveling mechanism. The hydraulic cylinder is connected to the frame through a hinged seat, and a universal support wheel is installed at the bottom of the cylinder. The leveling mechanism is composed of an electric push rod and an angle sensor. When the platform reaches the working position, the AI control unit 30 first starts the descent of the hydraulic support leg 12. After the support wheel touches the ground, the angle sensor detects the horizontality of the frame in real time and transmits the data to the AI control unit 30. The AI control unit 30 sends instructions to the electric push rod based on the deviation value. The electric push rod automatically adjusts the telescopic length of the support leg to keep the frame in a horizontal state, providing a stable and reliable support platform for subsequent obstacle removal and fire extinguishing operations.

[0050] Furthermore, it also includes: a waste liquid recovery system, which is communicated with the AI control unit 30; a spray dust suppression device, which is installed on the first working part and the second working part, and is communicated with the AI control unit 30; a dust concentration sensor, which is installed in the working area and is communicated with the AI control unit 30.

[0051] In this embodiment, the waste liquid recovery system consists of an annular collection tank, a filter box, and a centrifugal pump. The annular collection tank is embedded under the platform at the front end of the frame. The tank body is made of stainless steel, and the edge is slightly higher than the platform surface, forming a closed collection area to effectively prevent the waste liquid from overflowing. There are multiple drain outlets at the bottom of the collection tank, which are connected to the filter box through PVC pipes. The interior of the filter box is divided into a three-stage filtration structure, which is a coarse filter, a fine filter, and an activated carbon adsorption layer. The coarse filter can intercept larger solid impurities, the fine filter further filters smaller particles, and the activated carbon adsorption layer can absorb harmful chemicals and odors in the waste liquid. After the three-stage filtration treatment, the waste liquid meets the discharge standards. The centrifugal pump is installed at the outlet of the filter box and is controlled by the AI control unit 30 through a relay. When the liquid level in the collection tank reaches the set height, the centrifugal pump automatically starts and transports the treated waste liquid to the on-board liquid storage tank or external recovery device.

[0052] The spray dust suppression device includes a micro-water pump, atomizing nozzles, and a piping system. The micro-water pump is installed in an equipment compartment on the side of the rack and is connected to the protective covers of the first and second working sections via PE hoses. Four atomizing nozzles are evenly distributed along the edge of each protective cover. These nozzles utilize ultrasonic atomization to atomize water into tiny particles of 50-100 μm. These tiny water mist particles effectively absorb dust from the air and reduce dust concentration in the work area. The AI control unit 30 uses PWM signals to adjust the speed of the micro-water pump based on data from the dust concentration sensor, thereby precisely controlling the spray volume and achieving intelligent dust suppression. The dust concentration sensor utilizes laser scattering and is mounted on a tripod in the work area. The sensor housing has an IP65 protection rating for enhanced stability. The sensor communicates with the AI control unit 30 via a 485 bus, uploading dust concentration data in real time. When the concentration exceeds the set threshold, the spray dust suppression device is automatically triggered to activate, ensuring a safe and clean work environment.

[0053] This embodiment also provides a method for extinguishing an electric vehicle battery fire by using an abrasive water jet to puncture a hole, comprising the following steps:

[0054] Step S1: Initial positioning, controlling the mobile platform to the battery fire area, and activating the hydraulic support legs 12 to form a stable support;

[0055] In this embodiment, the mobile platform travels in a low-speed, stable mode, moves to the working area, and starts the hydraulic support legs 12. The double-acting hydraulic cylinders of the hydraulic support legs 12 are quickly extended, driving the support seat and the universal support wheels to descend until the support wheels touch the ground. At this time, the angle sensor detects the horizontality of the frame in real time and feeds the data back to the AI control unit 30. According to the deviation value, the electric push rod is used to accurately adjust the telescopic length of each hydraulic support leg 12 to form a stable support platform.

[0056] Step S2: Data acquisition: using millimeter-wave radar, thermal imaging camera, and sensor group to obtain real-time data on the battery pack's three-dimensional structure, fire source coordinates, battery status, and fire area, and externally confirm the vehicle model and corresponding battery cell type;

[0057] After completing initial positioning and stabilizing support, the multimodal fire source detection unit 20 begins operation. The millimeter-wave radar first detects and collects data from obstacles outside the fire using a sector-shaped scanning pattern, with a scanning angle range of 120° horizontally and 60° vertically. This quickly generates high-precision point cloud data, outlining the battery pack's external contours and some internal structural features. Simultaneously, an infrared thermal imaging camera is activated to capture temperature distribution images of the battery pack's surface. Advanced image processing algorithms enable rapid identification of high-temperature areas, thereby determining the approximate location of the fire source. In controllable fire scenarios, the acquisition unit can also establish a connection with the electric vehicle's battery management system via the OBD interface to read key status data such as the battery pack's voltage, temperature, and remaining charge in real time. Simultaneously, the pressure sensor and ultraviolet flame sensor also enter operation. The pressure sensor collects force data on the robotic arm and nozzle in their initial state, which serves as a reference for subsequent perforation operations. The ultraviolet flame sensor continuously monitors the operating area. All collected data is transmitted to the AI control unit 30 via the corresponding communication interface.

[0058] Step S3: Strategy generation: The AI control unit 30 generates abrasive water jet piercing parameters, fire extinguishing material ratio, and spray path planning based on the collected data through the LSTM neural network;

[0059] The AI control unit 30 inputs the millimeter-wave radar point cloud data, infrared thermal imaging image data, battery pack status data and various on-site data, including temperature and smoke concentration, into a pre-trained LSTM neural network model. The model is implemented by technicians using existing technologies. The model first analyzes and identifies the material and structure of the battery pack shell to determine whether there are special structures such as reinforcing ribs and fireproof layers; then, based on the location and temperature distribution of the fire source, it predicts the spread trend of the fire. Based on these analysis results, the optimal perforation strategy for the current fire scenario is determined, including whether active power-off control can be performed, the injection angle, pressure, pulse frequency and other parameters of the abrasive water jet; at the same time, the injection sequence and ratio of the fire extinguishing materials of the three-channel composite nozzle are determined. For example, in the early stage of a lithium battery fire, water-based fire extinguishing agents are used for cooling first. After the temperature drops, dry powder fire extinguishing agents are sprayed to extinguish the surrounding igniting materials to complete the blockage, and a suffocation isolation layer is set for the lithium-ion battery under a controllable state, such as using a fire blanket.

[0060] Step S4: Collaborative operation: abrasive water jetting is initiated according to the strategy. The three-channel nozzle switches the fire extinguishing material according to the fire situation, adjusts the intervention sequence of the obstacle breaking, and dynamically adjusts the operation parameters based on real-time feedback. The abrasive is replenished and replaced through the abrasive replacement module 44;

[0061] After the strategy is generated, the AI control unit 30 sends instructions to the abrasive water jet obstacle removal module and the multiphase fire extinguishing material injection system to start collaborative operation. The robotic arm drives the variable-angle fan-shaped nozzle 41 to move to the predetermined puncture position of the battery pack shell according to the planned path. The servo angle adjustment mechanism 42 quickly adjusts the nozzle angle to the optimal state, divides the fire point and ignition area, performs weight analysis, and obtains the processing logic sequence. For example, the surrounding ignition materials are first extinguished to prevent further expansion of the fire, and then the burning battery is cooled on a large scale. At the same time, preparations are made for demolition. The pulsed abrasive mixing chamber 43 starts working, and the high-pressure water pump pressurizes the water to an appropriate pressure. After being fully mixed with the abrasive in the mixing chamber 52, it is transported to the nozzle through a high-pressure pipeline, impacting the battery pack shell and other obstacles in the form of a pulse jet. During the puncture process, the pressure sensor monitors the resistance encountered by the nozzle in real time and feeds back the data to the AI control unit 30. When the AI control unit 30 determines that the hole is successfully broken, it immediately sends a command to switch the working mode of the three-channel composite nozzle, performs corresponding treatment on the inside of the battery, dilutes the overflowed liquid of the lead-acid battery of the hybrid vehicle, neutralizes the sodium bicarbonate powder inside the battery pack, and blocks and controls the flying particles or powder; for the lithium battery type, a large amount of liquid is cooled and controlled or a new type of hydrogel fire extinguishing agent is used for rapid cooling and extinguishing, and liquid or dry powder is used to extinguish the surrounding fire points, and isolation and multi-phase are established.

[0062] At this time, the infrared thermal imaging camera continuously monitors the temperature changes of the battery pack. If the temperature drop trend does not meet expectations, the AI control unit 30 will increase the flow rate of the water-based fire extinguishing agent. When the temperature drops to a safe threshold, the AI control unit 30 sends a signal to the reversing valve group to switch to the outer channel to spray the dry powder fire extinguishing agent. During the dry powder spraying process, the pressure sensor at the outlet of the mixing chamber 52 monitors the pressure in real time. If the pressure is abnormal, the AI control unit 30 will adjust the valve opening at the outlet of the dry powder box 51 to ensure that the dry powder is sprayed evenly and stably, forming an effective asphyxiation isolation layer on the surface of the battery pack.

[0063] If during the fire extinguishing process, the material level sensor of the abrasive replacement module 44 detects that the abrasive in the storage tank is lower than the set threshold, the AI control unit 30 will control the pneumatic valve to close and suspend the abrasive delivery. At the same time, the operator can replace the storage tank through the quick-release interface. After the replacement is completed, the AI control unit 30 restarts the metering screw and accurately adjusts the abrasive delivery amount according to the current hole-breaking working conditions to ensure uninterrupted obstacle removal operations. The abrasive is proportioned and controlled according to different obstacles. For example, in the process of cutting aluminum alloy shells, high-pressure water jets and 80-mesh black silicon carbide + 150-mesh garnet are used for demolition. In the process of cutting and demolishing battery shells, it is necessary to prevent a large amount of electrolyte from overflowing. 320-mesh diamond micropowder abrasives are used for demolition at a pressure of 150MPa and a flow rate of 15L / min.

[0064] Step S5: Environmental protection treatment, simultaneous recycling and treatment of fire extinguishing waste liquid, real-time monitoring of dust concentration and activation of spray dust reduction;

[0065] While the obstacle removal and firefighting operations are underway, the waste liquid recovery system is activated simultaneously. Waste liquid generated during the firefighting process flows along the battery pack casing and the surface of the rack into a pre-set collection device. When the liquid level sensor in the collection device detects that the waste liquid has reached a preset height, the AI control unit 30 activates the centrifugal pump through a relay. The centrifugal pump pumps the waste liquid to a filter tank. After filtering and treating the waste liquid to meet discharge standards, it is transported to an onboard liquid storage tank or an external recovery device.

[0066] The dust concentration sensor monitors the dust concentration in the working area in real time. The micro water pump transports water through a PE hose to the atomizing nozzles on the edges of the protective covers of the first and second working parts, thereby reducing the dust concentration in the working area and ensuring the health of the workers and the safety of the surrounding environment.

[0067] Step S6: Reignition warning: After the fire is extinguished, the temperature gradient is continuously monitored and the data is stored to optimize the subsequent fire extinguishing strategy.

[0068] After the multiphase fire extinguishing material injection system completes the fire extinguishing operation and the infrared thermal imaging camera detects that the battery pack surface temperature has stabilized, the AI control unit 30 continues to control the millimeter-wave radar, infrared thermal imaging camera, and acquisition unit to continuously monitor the battery pack status in real time. The infrared thermal imaging camera collects battery pack surface temperature data at a high frequency, and the AI control unit 30 calculates the temperature gradient based on this data.

[0069] If the temperature gradient in a certain area exceeds a set threshold, the AI control unit 30 determines that there is a risk of re-ignition in that area and immediately triggers the re-ignition warning mechanism. If a flame signal is detected, the re-ignition situation is double-verified and the AI control unit 30 further increases the firefighting efforts. Throughout the firefighting operation, the AI control unit 30 records all key data, including but not limited to the three-dimensional structure data of the battery pack, the fire source coordinates, and the battery status data collected by the multimodal fire source detection unit 20; the piercing parameters and abrasive usage of the abrasive water jet obstacle removal module; and the operating data of the fire extinguishing material ratio, injection time, and flow rate of the multi-phase fire extinguishing material injection system. Firefighting strategies are optimized and verified through data analysis algorithms and machine learning models.

[0070] Through multimodal sensor data fusion and AI decision-making, the battery pack structure and fire source location are accurately positioned, and the piercing strategy is intelligently generated; through the replaceable abrasive replacement module 44, the processing capabilities of obstacles of different materials and different demolition scenarios are improved; through the dynamic mixing of three-channel composite nozzles and multi-phase materials, the adaptability to different extinguishing working principles is improved; through the dual verification of temperature gradient monitoring and ultraviolet flame sensors, intelligent early warning and automatic disposal of re-ignition risks are achieved, thereby improving the thoroughness of fire extinguishing; through operation data storage and machine learning algorithms, iterative optimization of fire extinguishing strategies is achieved, thereby improving the efficiency of obstacle processing.

[0071] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An AI-controlled water jet puncture fire extinguishing device for electric vehicle batteries, characterized in that: include: Mobile platforms; a frame mounted on the mobile platform; an abrasive water jet obstacle breaking module, mounted on the frame, and having a first working part; a multiphase fire extinguishing material injection system, mounted on the frame and having a second working portion; A multi-modal fire source detection unit (20) for locating obstacle structures, fire source locations, and real-time fire development data; The AI control unit (30) is communicatively connected to the multimodal fire source detection unit (20), the abrasive water jet obstacle breaking module and the multiphase fire extinguishing material injection system. The AI control unit (30) receives detection data to select fire extinguishing materials and injection paths, thereby guiding the first working unit and the second working unit to perform collaborative operations.

2. The AI-controlled water jet puncture electric vehicle battery fire extinguishing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multimodal fire source detection unit (20) comprises: a millimeter-wave radar, mounted on the rack and communicatively connected to the detection unit; an infrared thermal imaging camera, mounted on the frame and communicatively connected to the detection unit; an acquisition unit, communicatively connected to the AI control unit (30), for acquiring status data; A sensor group is communicatively connected to the AI control unit (30), and the sensor group consists of a pressure sensor and an ultraviolet flame sensor. The pressure sensor is installed on the surface of the first working part to monitor the rupture pressure, and the ultraviolet flame sensor is used to detect the re-ignition signal.

3. The AI-controlled water jet puncture electric vehicle battery fire extinguishing device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The Abrasive Waterjet Obstacle Breaking Module includes: A variable-angle fan-shaped nozzle (41) is installed on the first working part; A servo angle adjustment mechanism (42) is mounted on the first working part and is used to drive the nozzle to achieve ±15° dynamic angle compensation; A pulsed abrasive mixing chamber (43) is installed in the frame and connected to the nozzle through a high-pressure pipeline. The mixing chamber (52) is communicatively connected to the AI control unit (30); An abrasive replacement module (44) is mounted on the machine frame and connected to the pulse abrasive mixing chamber (43) via a pipeline.

4. The AI-controlled water jet puncture electric vehicle battery fire extinguishing device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The multiphase fire extinguishing material injection system includes: A plurality of boxes (51) are mounted on the frame; A three-channel composite nozzle is installed on the second working part and is connected to the plurality of boxes (51) through pipes; a reversing valve group, the reversing valve group being in transmission connection with the composite nozzle and in communication connection with the AI control unit (30); A mixing chamber (52) is mounted on the frame and is in communication with the AI control unit (30). The mixing chamber (52) is connected to the reversing valve group.

5. The AI-controlled water jet puncture electric vehicle battery fire extinguishing device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The mobile platform includes: A driving wheel assembly (11) is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the frame; A control module is connected in transmission connection with the driving wheel set (11), and the control module is in communication connection with the AI control unit (30); Hydraulic support legs (12) are installed at the bottom of the frame.

6. The AI-controlled water jet puncture electric vehicle battery fire extinguishing device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Also includes: a waste liquid recovery system, communicatively connected to the AI control unit (30); A spray dust suppression device, installed on the first working part and the second working part, and communicatively connected to the AI control unit (30); A dust concentration sensor is communicatively connected to the AI control unit (30).

7. A method for extinguishing electric vehicle battery fires by water jet puncture based on AI control, characterized in that: According to claim 6, an AI-controlled water jet puncture electric vehicle battery fire extinguishing device, the method includes the following steps: Step S1: Initial positioning, controlling the mobile platform to the battery fire area, and activating the hydraulic support legs (12) to form a stable support; Step S2: Data acquisition: using millimeter-wave radar, thermal imaging camera, and sensor group to obtain real-time data on the battery pack's three-dimensional structure, fire source coordinates, battery status, and fire area, and confirm the battery type and structural characteristics of the battery pack through information matching; Step S3, strategy generation, the AI control unit (30) generates abrasive water jet puncture parameters, fire extinguishing material ratio and injection path planning through the LSTM neural network based on the collected data; Step S4: Collaborative operation, starting the abrasive water jet punching according to the strategy, the three-channel nozzle switches the fire extinguishing material according to the fire situation, first breaking the obstacle and then cooling and suffocating, and dynamically adjusts the operation parameters according to real-time feedback, and replenishes and replaces the abrasive through the abrasive replacement module (44); Step S5: Environmental protection treatment, simultaneous recycling and treatment of fire extinguishing waste liquid, real-time monitoring of dust concentration and activation of spray dust reduction; Step S6: Reignition warning: After the fire is extinguished, the temperature gradient is continuously monitored and the data is stored to optimize the subsequent fire extinguishing strategy.

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