A molecular sieve adsorption tower and adsorption method for CO2 adsorption

Abstract

This invention belongs to the technical field of gas purification equipment, specifically relating to a molecular sieve adsorption tower for CO2 adsorption. The tower includes a tower body, within which, from the inside out, are arranged a central air channel, a molecular sieve layer, an alumina layer, and an outer air channel. A pressing mechanism is provided at the top of the tower body for pressing the molecular sieve layer and the alumina layer respectively. The pressing mechanism includes a drive plate that can move up and down along the top of the tower body. Below the drive plate is an inner pressing structure for pressing the molecular sieve layer, and outside the inner pressing structure is an outer pressing structure for pressing the alumina layer. As the drive plate descends, the inner and outer pressing structures simultaneously press the molecular sieve layer and the alumina layer respectively. This invention provides a molecular sieve adsorption tower for CO2 adsorption capable of separately pressing the sedimentation of the alumina layer and the molecular sieve layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of gas purification equipment, specifically relating to a molecular sieve adsorption tower and adsorption method for CO2 adsorption. Background Technology

[0002] Molecular sieve adsorption towers are industrial devices that utilize molecular sieve materials to selectively adsorb specific molecules. They are widely used in gas separation, purification, and drying. Molecular sieve adsorption towers remove moisture from air pores through an alumina layer and remove carbon dioxide from the air through a molecular sieve layer.

[0003] Alumina is a porous adsorbent that mainly captures moisture or other polar molecules through physical adsorption. After long-term use, the volume of the alumina layer decreases due to thermal stress, mechanical wear, or chemical corrosion, causing the alumina in the tower to settle and affecting the absorption of moisture from the air.

[0004] Molecular sieves are porous materials with uniform pore size structures, widely used in gas separation, adsorption, and catalysis. However, during use, molecular sieves may pulverize, causing uneven settling within the tower and altering their density, thus affecting their adsorption of carbon dioxide. The settling of the alumina and molecular sieve layers not only affects the adsorption of moisture and copper dioxide but also easily leads to the ejection of alumina and molecular sieves by high-pressure air. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a molecular sieve adsorption tower for CO2 adsorption that can compress the settling of the alumina and molecular sieve layers to ensure their stability during use. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a molecular sieve adsorption tower and adsorption method for separately pressurizing the sedimentation of the alumina layer and the molecular sieve layer to adsorb CO2.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a molecular sieve adsorption tower for CO2 adsorption, comprising a tower body, wherein a central air channel, a molecular sieve layer, an alumina layer, and an outer air channel are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside of the tower body, and a pressing mechanism is provided at the top of the tower body for pressing the molecular sieve layer and the alumina layer respectively; the pressing mechanism includes a drive plate that can move up and down along the top of the tower body, an inner pressing structure for pressing the molecular sieve layer is provided below the drive plate, and an outer pressing structure for pressing the alumina layer is sleeved outside the inner pressing structure, wherein the inner pressing structure and the outer pressing structure press the molecular sieve layer and the alumina layer simultaneously as the drive plate descends.

[0007] Furthermore, the tower body includes a cylindrical body, on which a flow guide cover is detachably connected; the bottom of the cylindrical body is provided with an air inlet pipe corresponding to the external air channel, and the flow guide cover is provided with an air outlet pipe corresponding to the central air channel; the bottom of the cylindrical body is also provided with a regenerated gas outlet pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the bottom of the tower body is provided with a lower support plate, and the lower support plate has channel openings evenly distributed along its circumference, corresponding to the external air channel; from the inside to the outside, a central perforated plate cylinder, a molecular sieve perforated plate cylinder, and an alumina perforated plate cylinder are fixedly connected to the lower support plate in sequence. The central perforated plate cylinder forms a central air channel, and the central perforated plate cylinder and the molecular sieve perforated plate cylinder form a molecular sieve layer to contain the molecular sieve. The molecular sieve perforated plate cylinder and the alumina perforated plate cylinder form an alumina layer to contain the alumina. The alumina perforated plate cylinder and the tower body form an external air channel; an upper support plate is fixedly connected to the end of the alumina perforated plate cylinder away from the lower support plate, and the outer periphery of the upper support plate is fixedly connected to the tower body.

[0009] Furthermore, the drive plate is provided with a plurality of drive wheels evenly distributed along its circumference, and the plurality of drive wheels are rotatably connected to the drive plate; the inner pressing structure is fixedly provided with a plurality of inner racks that mesh with the plurality of drive wheels respectively, and the outer pressing structure is fixedly provided with a plurality of outer racks that mesh with the plurality of drive wheels respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, a telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the tower body, and the telescopic end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the drive plate; a fixed cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the tower body, and multiple guide columns are fixedly connected to the fixed cylinder along the circumference; the drive plate is provided with multiple guide holes that slide along the multiple guide columns.

[0011] Furthermore, the drive plate has multiple through holes evenly distributed along the circumference, corresponding to the central air channel, and the fixed cylinder has multiple communication ports evenly distributed along the circumference, corresponding to the through holes; the drive plate is provided with an upper guide cone on the side near the central air channel.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner pressing structure includes an inner lifting plate fixedly connected to an inner rack, and a plurality of inner sliding rods evenly distributed along the circumference are slidably connected to the inner lifting plate; an inner pressing plate fixedly connected to the plurality of inner sliding rods is provided below the inner lifting plate, and a through hole corresponding to the central air channel is provided in the center of the inner pressing plate; an inner spring is sleeved on the inner sliding rod, and the inner spring is located between the inner pressing plate and the inner lifting plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the external pressing structure includes an external lifting plate fixedly connected to the external rack and sleeved on the outside of the inner lifting plate, and a plurality of external sliding rods evenly distributed along the circumference are slidably connected to the external lifting plate; an external pressing plate fixedly connected to the plurality of external sliding rods is provided below the external lifting plate, and an external spring is sleeved on the external sliding rod, with the external spring located between the external pressing plate and the external lifting plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner and outer circumferences of the inner pressing plate are both fixedly connected to an inner sealing cylinder, and the perforated plate cylinders on both sides of the molecular sieve layer are each provided with an inner sliding sealing ring that respectively cooperates with a pair of the inner sealing cylinders; the inner and outer circumferences of the outer pressing plate are both fixedly connected to an outer sealing cylinder, and the perforated plate cylinders on both sides of the alumina layer are each provided with an outer sliding sealing ring that respectively cooperates with a pair of the outer sealing cylinders.

[0015] A molecular sieve adsorption method for CO2 adsorption, comprising a molecular sieve adsorption tower for CO2 adsorption as described in any one of claims 1-9, further comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1. Gas enters the external air channel inside the tower body through the bottom of the tower body, and then enters the alumina layer for drying.

[0017] S2. The dried gas passes through the alumina layer and enters the molecular sieve layer. The molecular sieve layer adsorbs CO2 in the gas. The gas then passes through the molecular sieve layer and enters the central air channel. After passing through the central air channel, the gas flows out through the tower body.

[0018] S3. When the molecular sieve layer and alumina layer sink, the drive plate descends. The drive plate presses the molecular sieve layer through the inner pressing structure and the alumina layer through the outer pressing structure.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] In use, this invention involves a drive plate descending. Under the action of the drive wheel, outer rack, and inner rack, once one of the inner or outer pressing structures has pressed its corresponding molecular sieve and alumina layers, the other structure continues to descend and press its corresponding molecular sieve and alumina layers as the drive plate continues to descend. In other words, the drive wheel, outer rack, and inner rack allow the inner and outer pressing structures to press molecular sieve and alumina layers with different degrees of settling, thus compressing the molecular sieve and alumina and preventing them from being ejected by high-pressure air, ensuring their stability during operation. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a first isometric view of the pressing mechanism in this invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a second isometric view of the pressing mechanism in this invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the pressing mechanism in this invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the engagement state of the drive plate, drive wheel, external rack, internal rack, and other structures in this invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the engagement state of the internal pressing structure, external pressing structure, drive wheel, external rack, and internal rack in this invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the assembly state of the outer sealing cylinder, outer spring, outer sliding rod, outer pressing plate, and other structures in this invention.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the engagement state of the inner sealing cylinder, inner spring, inner slide rod, inner pressing plate, and other structures in this invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Regenerated gas outlet pipe, 2. Air inlet pipe, 3. Cylinder body, 4. Connecting flange, 5. Guide cover, 6. Telescopic rod, 7. Air outlet pipe, 8. Alumina layer, 9. Molecular sieve layer, 10. Central air channel, 11. Lower guide cone, 12. External air channel, 13. Fixed cylinder, 14. Connecting port, 15. Drive plate, 16. Guide column, 17. Inner lifting plate, 18. Outer lifting plate, 19. Outer sealing cylinder, 20. Through hole, 21. Outer pressing plate, 22. Extrusion rib, 23. Inner pressing plate, 24. Guide cylinder, 25. Upper guide cone, 26. Inner rack, 27. Drive wheel, 28. Outer rack, 29. Guide hole, 30. Inner limit block, 31. Outer spring, 32. Outer sliding rod, 33. Reinforcing plate, 34. Inner sealing cylinder, 35. Inner sliding rod, 36. Inner spring. Detailed Implementation

[0031] A molecular sieve adsorption tower for CO2 adsorption, such as Figure 1-9 As shown, the tower includes a tower body, which contains, from the inside out, a central air channel 10, a molecular sieve layer 9, an alumina layer 8, and an outer air channel 12. The top of the tower body is provided with a pressing mechanism for pressing the molecular sieve layer 9 and the alumina layer 8 respectively. The pressing mechanism includes a drive plate 15 that can move up and down along the top of the tower body. Below the drive plate 15 is an inner pressing structure for pressing the molecular sieve layer 9, and outside the inner pressing structure is an outer pressing structure for pressing the alumina layer 8. As the drive plate 15 descends, the inner pressing structure and the outer pressing structure simultaneously press the molecular sieve layer 9 and the alumina layer 8 respectively.

[0032] In use, the gas enters the outer air channel 12 inside the tower body through the bottom of the tower body, and then enters the alumina layer 8 for drying. After drying, the gas enters the molecular sieve layer 9 through the alumina layer 8, where the molecular sieve layer 9 adsorbs CO2 in the gas. The gas then enters the central air channel 10 through the molecular sieve layer 9 and flows out through the tower body. When the molecular sieve layer 9 and the alumina layer 8 sink, the drive plate 15 descends. The drive plate 15 presses the molecular sieve layer 9 through the inner pressing structure and the alumina layer 8 through the outer pressing structure.

[0033] In summary, by lowering the drive plate 15, the inner and outer pressing structures press the molecular sieve layer 9 and the alumina layer 8 respectively, thereby compressing the molecular sieve and alumina, preventing them from being ejected by high-pressure air, and ensuring the stability of the molecular sieve and alumina during operation.

[0034] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the tower body includes a cylindrical body 3, on which a flow guide cover 5 is detachably connected; both the cylindrical body 3 and the flow guide cover 5 are provided with connecting flanges 4, and the cylindrical body 3 and the flow guide cover 5 are detachably connected by bolts passing through the connecting flanges 4; the bottom of the cylindrical body 3 is provided with an air inlet pipe 2 corresponding to the external air channel 12, and the flow guide cover 5 is provided with an air outlet pipe 7 corresponding to the central air channel 10; air enters the bottom of the tower body through the air inlet pipe 2, and then enters the external air channel 12, and after being adsorbed by the alumina layer 8 and the molecular sieve layer 9, it flows out through the central air channel 10 and the air outlet pipe 7; the bottom of the cylindrical body 3 is also provided with a regeneration gas outlet pipe 1, and during the regeneration process of the alumina layer 8 and the molecular sieve layer 9, the regeneration gas flows out through the regeneration gas outlet pipe 1.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the bottom of the tower body is provided with a lower support plate, and the lower support plate has channel openings evenly distributed along its circumference, corresponding to the external air channel 12; a lower guide cone 11 is fixedly connected to the lower support plate to guide the air entering through the air inlet pipe 2 to the channel openings; from the inside to the outside, a central perforated plate cylinder, a molecular sieve perforated plate cylinder, and an alumina perforated plate cylinder are fixedly connected to the lower support plate in sequence. The central perforated plate cylinder forms a central air channel 10, and the central perforated plate cylinder and the molecular sieve perforated plate cylinder form a molecular sieve layer 9 to accommodate the molecular sieve. The molecular sieve perforated plate cylinder and the alumina perforated plate cylinder form an alumina layer 8 to accommodate the alumina. The alumina perforated plate cylinder and the tower body form the external air channel 12; an upper support plate is fixedly connected to the end of the alumina perforated plate cylinder away from the lower support plate, and the outer periphery of the upper support plate is fixedly connected to the tower body.

[0036] Furthermore, such as Figure 3-5As shown, a plurality of drive wheels 27 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the drive plate 15, and the plurality of drive wheels 27 are rotatably connected to the drive plate 15; a plurality of internal racks 26 are fixedly connected to the inner pressing structure and respectively mesh with the plurality of drive wheels 27, and a plurality of external racks 28 are fixedly connected to the outer pressing structure and respectively mesh with the plurality of drive wheels 27.

[0037] When the drive plate 15 descends, under the action of the drive wheel 27, the outer rack 28, and the inner rack 26, after one of the inner and outer pressing structures has first pressed the molecular sieve layer 9 and the alumina layer 8 corresponding to itself, as the drive plate 15 continues to descend, under the action of the drive wheel 27, the outer rack 28, and the inner rack 26, the other of the inner and outer pressing structures continues to descend and press the molecular sieve layer 9 and the alumina layer 8 corresponding to itself; for example, when the height of the alumina layer 8 is greater than the molecular sieve layer 9, the outer rack 28, and the inner rack 26, the inner pressing structure continues to descend and press the molecular sieve layer 9 and the alumina layer 8 corresponding to itself. When the height of the molecular sieve layer 9 is reached, as the drive plate 15 lowers the inner and outer pressing structures via the drive wheel 27, outer rack 28, and inner rack 26, the outer pressing structure first contacts the alumina layer 8 and completes the pressing. The drive plate 15 continues to descend, and the outer rack 28 remains fixed under the action of the outer pressing structure and the drive wheel 27. The drive wheel 27 moves and rotates along the outer rack 28, which in turn drives the inner rack 26 to continue descending. The inner rack 26 then presses the molecular sieve layer 9 through the inner pressing structure. In other words, the arrangement of the drive wheel 27, outer rack 28, and inner rack 26 allows the inner and outer pressing structures to press the molecular sieve layer 9 and alumina layer 8 at different sedimentation levels, respectively, to compress the molecular sieve and alumina, preventing them from being ejected by high-pressure air and ensuring their stability during operation.

[0038] Furthermore, a telescopic rod 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the tower body, and the telescopic end of the telescopic rod 6 is fixedly connected to the drive plate 15; a fixed cylinder 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the tower body, and multiple guide posts 16 are fixedly connected to the fixed cylinder 13 along the circumference; the drive plate 15 is provided with multiple guide holes 29 that slide along the multiple guide posts 16; multiple through holes 20 corresponding to the central air channel 10 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the drive plate 15, and multiple connecting ports 14 corresponding to the through holes 20 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the fixed cylinder 13; an upper guide cone 25 is provided on the side of the drive plate 15 near the central air channel 10.

[0039] When the drive plate 15 needs to be raised or lowered, the telescopic rod 6 is activated. The telescopic rod 6 drives the drive plate 15 to be raised or lowered. The drive plate 15 moves up and down along the guide column 16 through the guide hole 29. Through the setting of the upper guide cone 25, the air in the central air channel 10 is guided to the through hole 20 through the upper guide cone 25, and then flows to the air outlet pipe 7 through the through hole 20 and the connecting port 14.

[0040] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 and Figure 9As shown, the inner pressing structure includes an inner lifting plate 17 fixedly connected to the inner rack 26. Multiple inner sliding rods 35 are slidably connected to the inner lifting plate 17, evenly distributed along the circumference. Each of the inner sliding rods 35 has an inner limiting block 30 fixedly connected to it, cooperating with the inner lifting plate 17. The inner sliding rods 35 and the inner limiting blocks 30 are provided with tolerance holes that cooperate with guide rods, making the arrangement of the drive plate 15 and the inner lifting plate 17 more compact. A guide cylinder 24 is fixedly connected to the inner lifting plate 17, passing through the central hole plate cylinder to improve the stability of the inner lifting plate 17. Below the inner lifting plate 17 is an inner pressing plate 23 fixedly connected to the multiple inner sliding rods 35. The center of the inner pressing plate 23 has a through hole corresponding to the central air channel 10. An inner spring 36 is sleeved on each inner sliding rod 35, and the inner spring 36 is located between the inner pressing plate 23 and the inner lifting plate 17.

[0041] By configuring the inner lifting plate 17, inner slide bar 35, inner spring 36, and inner pressing plate 23, the inner pressing plate 23 elastically presses the molecular sieve layer 9 to avoid excessive pressure on the molecular sieve layer 9 and improve the pressing stability of this application. In addition, when the inner pressing plate 23 presses the molecular sieve layer 9, the continuous descent of the inner lifting plate 17 squeezes the inner spring 36 to increase the pressing strength of the inner pressing plate 23 on the molecular sieve layer 9.

[0042] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the external pressing structure includes an external lifting plate 18 fixedly connected to the external rack 28 and sleeved on the outside of the inner lifting plate 17. Multiple external sliding rods 32 are slidably connected to the external lifting plate 18 and are evenly distributed along the circumference. Each of the multiple external sliding rods 32 is fixedly connected to an external limiting block that cooperates with the external lifting plate 18. An external pressing plate 21 fixedly connected to the multiple external sliding rods 32 is provided below the external lifting plate 18. An external spring 31 is sleeved on the external sliding rods 32 and is located between the external pressing plate 21 and the external lifting plate 18.

[0043] The outer lifting plate 18, outer sliding rod 32, outer pressing plate 21, and outer spring 31 are arranged to allow the outer pressing plate 21 to elastically press the alumina layer 8, thereby ensuring the stability of the alumina layer 8. When the outer pressing plate 21 presses the alumina layer 8, the outer lifting plate 18 continuously descends, squeezing the outer spring 31 to increase the pressing strength of the outer pressing plate 21 on the alumina layer 8.

[0044] Furthermore, the inner and outer circumferences of the inner pressing plate 23 are both fixedly connected to inner sealing cylinders 34, and the perforated cylinders on both sides of the molecular sieve layer 9 are each provided with an inner sliding sealing ring that mates with a pair of inner sealing cylinders 34 respectively; a sliding seal is formed between the inner pressing plate 23 and the perforated cylinders on both sides of the molecular sieve through the inner sealing cylinders 34 and the inner sliding sealing rings. The inner and outer circumferences of the outer pressing plate 21 are both fixedly connected to outer sealing cylinders 19, and the perforated cylinders on both sides of the alumina layer 8 are each provided with an outer sliding sealing ring that mates with a pair of outer sealing cylinders 19 respectively; a sliding seal is formed between the outer pressing plate 21 and the perforated cylinders on both sides of the alumina layer 8 through the outer sealing cylinders 19 and the outer sliding sealing rings.

[0045] Both the inner pressing plate 23 and the outer pressing plate 21 have multiple radially arranged extrusion ribs 22 evenly distributed along the circumference. The molecular sieve and alumina are extruded by the extrusion ribs 22 to improve the pressing effect of the inner pressing plate 23 and the outer pressing plate 21. Reinforcing plates 33 are provided between adjacent inner slide rods 35 and between adjacent outer slide rods 32. The pair of inner sealing cylinders 34 and the pair of outer sealing cylinders 19 are connected by reinforcing plates 33.

[0046] A molecular sieve adsorption method for CO2 adsorption, comprising a molecular sieve adsorption tower for CO2 adsorption as described in any one of claims 1-9, further comprising the following steps:

[0047] S1. Gas enters the tower body through the air inlet pipe 2 at the bottom of the tower body. Under the action of the lower guide cone 11, the air enters the outer air channel 12 through the channel opening, and the gas enters the alumina layer 8 through the outer air channel 12 for drying.

[0048] S2. The dried gas enters the molecular sieve layer 9 through the alumina layer 8. The molecular sieve layer 9 adsorbs CO2 in the gas. The gas enters the central air channel 10 through the molecular sieve layer 9. The gas flows through the central air channel 10, the upper guide cone 25 through hole 20, and the connecting port 14 to the air outlet pipe 7, and then flows out through the air outlet pipe 7.

[0049] S3. When the molecular sieve layer 9 and the alumina layer 8 sink, this is described here as the sinking height of the molecular sieve layer 9 being greater than that of the alumina layer 8; the telescopic rod 6 is activated, and the telescopic rod 6 drives the drive plate 15 to descend. The drive plate 15 moves downward along the guide column 16 through the guide hole 29; the drive plate 15 drives the inner pressing structure and the outer pressing structure to descend through the drive wheel 27, the outer rack 28, and the inner rack 26. When the outer pressing structure first contacts the alumina layer 8 and completes the pressing, the drive plate 15 continues to descend. At this time, the outer rack 28 remains fixed under the action of the outer pressing structure and the drive wheel 27. The drive wheel 27 moves and rotates along the outer rack 28. The outer rack 28 drives the inner rack 26 to continue to descend. The inner rack 26 presses the molecular sieve layer 9 through the inner pressing structure.

Claims

1. A molecular sieve adsorption tower for CO2 adsorption, comprising a tower body, wherein a central air channel, a molecular sieve layer, an alumina layer, and an outer air channel are sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside of the tower body, and a pressing mechanism is provided at the top of the tower body for pressing the molecular sieve layer and the alumina layer respectively; characterized in that: The pressing mechanism includes a drive plate that can move up and down along the top of the tower. Below the drive plate is an inner pressing structure for pressing the molecular sieve layer. Outside the inner pressing structure is an outer pressing structure for pressing the alumina layer. As the drive plate descends, the inner pressing structure and the outer pressing structure press the molecular sieve layer and the alumina layer simultaneously, respectively. The drive plate has multiple drive wheels evenly distributed along its circumference, and each drive wheel is rotatably connected to the drive plate. Multiple internal racks, each meshing with one of the drive wheels, are fixedly connected to the inner pressing structure. Multiple external racks, each meshing with one of the drive wheels, are fixedly connected to the outer pressing structure. An inner lifting plate is fixedly connected to the inner rack, and the inner rack drives the inner lifting plate downwards, thus pressing the molecular sieve layer. An outer lifting plate, sleeved on the outside of the inner lifting plate, is fixedly connected to the outer rack, and the outer rack drives the outer lifting plate downwards, thus pressing the alumina layer.

2. The molecular sieve adsorption tower for CO2 adsorption as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The tower body includes a cylindrical body with a detachable flow guide cover; the bottom of the cylindrical body is provided with an air inlet pipe corresponding to the external air channel, and the flow guide cover is provided with an air outlet pipe corresponding to the central air channel; the bottom of the cylindrical body is also provided with a regenerated gas outlet pipe.

3. The molecular sieve adsorption tower for CO2 adsorption as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the tower body is provided with a lower support plate, and the lower support plate has channel openings evenly distributed along the circumference, corresponding to the external air channel; from the inside to the outside, a central perforated plate cylinder, a molecular sieve perforated plate cylinder, and an alumina perforated plate cylinder are fixedly connected to the lower support plate in sequence. The central perforated plate cylinder forms a central air channel, and the central perforated plate cylinder and the molecular sieve perforated plate cylinder form a molecular sieve layer that contains the molecular sieve. The molecular sieve perforated plate cylinder and the alumina perforated plate cylinder form an alumina layer that contains the alumina. The alumina perforated plate cylinder and the tower body form an external air channel. The alumina perforated plate cylinder is fixedly connected to an upper support plate at one end away from the lower support plate, and the outer periphery of the upper support plate is fixedly connected to the tower body.

4. The molecular sieve adsorption tower for CO2 adsorption as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the tower body, and the telescopic end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the drive plate; a fixed cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the tower body, and multiple guide columns are fixedly connected to the fixed cylinder along the circumference; the drive plate is provided with multiple guide holes that slide along the multiple guide columns.

5. The molecular sieve adsorption tower for CO2 adsorption as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The drive plate has multiple through holes evenly distributed along its circumference, corresponding to the central air channel, and the fixed cylinder has multiple communication ports evenly distributed along its circumference, corresponding to the through holes; the drive plate is provided with an upper guide cone on the side near the central air channel.

6. The molecular sieve adsorption tower for CO2 adsorption as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner pressing structure includes multiple inner sliding rods that are slidably connected to the inner lifting plate and are evenly distributed along the circumference. An inner pressing plate is provided below the inner lifting plate and is fixedly connected to the multiple inner sliding rods. The center of the inner pressing plate is provided with a through hole corresponding to the central air channel. An inner spring is sleeved on the inner sliding rod and is located between the inner pressing plate and the inner lifting plate.

7. The molecular sieve adsorption tower for CO2 adsorption as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The external pressing structure includes multiple external sliding rods that are slidably connected to the external lifting plate and are evenly distributed along the circumference. An external pressing plate is provided below the external lifting plate and fixedly connected to the multiple external sliding rods. An external spring is sleeved on the external sliding rod and is located between the external pressing plate and the external lifting plate.

8. The molecular sieve adsorption tower for CO2 adsorption as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The inner and outer circumferences of the inner pressing plate are both fixed with inner sealing cylinders, and the perforated plate cylinders on both sides of the molecular sieve layer are provided with inner sliding sealing rings that respectively cooperate with a pair of inner sealing cylinders; the inner and outer circumferences of the outer pressing plate are both fixed with outer sealing cylinders, and the perforated plate cylinders on both sides of the alumina layer are provided with outer sliding sealing rings that respectively cooperate with a pair of outer sealing cylinders.

9. A molecular sieve adsorption method for CO2 adsorption, characterized in that: The CO2 adsorption tower, as described in any one of claims 1-8, further includes the following steps: S1. Gas enters the external air channel inside the tower body through the bottom of the tower body, and then enters the alumina layer for drying. S2. The dried gas passes through the alumina layer and enters the molecular sieve layer. The molecular sieve layer adsorbs CO2 in the gas. The gas then passes through the molecular sieve layer and enters the central air channel. After passing through the central air channel, the gas flows out through the tower body. S3. When the molecular sieve layer and alumina layer sink, the drive plate descends. The drive plate presses the molecular sieve layer through the inner pressing structure and the alumina layer through the outer pressing structure.

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