Coal mine crushing device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of mining equipment, in particular to a coal mine crushing device which is characterized in that a feeding mechanism is arranged in a case, a crushing mechanism is arranged in the case below the feeding mechanism, the crushing mechanism comprises a central shaft, a crushing roller coaxially arranged is fixedly mounted on the central shaft, and the crushing roller is in a circular truncated cone shape with a thin upper end and a thick lower end; an annular plate coaxial with the crushing roller is arranged in the machine box, a crushing channel is arranged between the outer wall of the crushing roller and the inner wall of the annular plate, and the annular plate is driven by a power component to ascend and descend. When the annular plate moves upwards, an opening in the lower end of the crushing channel is enlarged, so that crushed material particles discharged from the lower end of the crushing channel are larger; and when the annular plate moves downwards, the opening in the lower end of the crushing channel is reduced, so that crushed material particles discharged from the lower end of the crushing channel are smaller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mining equipment, and in particular to a coal mine crushing device. Background Art

[0002] In coal mining operations, the coal blocks are large in size, which is not conducive to transportation and subsequent processing, so the coal needs to be crushed.

[0003] Existing coal mine crushing devices, such as the utility model patent with application number CN202322661355.2, disclose a coal mine crushing device, including a crushing box, a feed port provided at the top of the crushing box, a crushing assembly and a coal dust filtering assembly provided in the crushing box, a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft both rotatably mounted in the crushing box, a first crushing roller fixedly mounted on the surface of the first rotating shaft, a second crushing roller fixedly mounted on the surface of the second rotating shaft, a driving gear fixedly mounted on the surface of the first rotating shaft, a driven gear fixedly mounted on the surface of the second rotating shaft, the driven gear meshing with the driving gear, and an output shaft of a second motor connected to one end of the first rotating shaft. The first rotating shaft is driven by the second motor to drive the first crushing roller to rotate in the crushing box, and the driving gear on the first rotating shaft drives the driven gear to rotate, thereby driving the second rotating shaft to rotate, causing the second crushing roller to also rotate in the crushing box. After the coal enters the crushing box from the feed port, it is crushed by the rotating first and second crushing rollers.

[0004] However, the existing coal mine crushing device has the following defects: the distance between the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller of the existing coal mine crushing device is fixed, so the particle size of the coal after crushing cannot be adjusted, thereby failing to meet different production and processing requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a coal mine crushing device which can adjust the degree of coal mine crushing to solve the defects mentioned in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A coal mine crushing device comprises a chassis, a feeding mechanism is provided in the chassis, and a crushing mechanism is provided in the chassis located below the feeding mechanism, wherein the crushing mechanism comprises a central shaft driven by a power mechanism and rotating around its own axis, the central shaft extending vertically, and a coaxially arranged crushing roller is fixedly mounted on the central shaft, the crushing roller is in the shape of a truncated cone with a thinner upper end and a thicker lower end, an annular plate is provided in the chassis coaxially with the crushing roller, a crushing channel is provided between the outer wall of the crushing roller and the inner wall of the annular plate, and protruding crushing structures are provided on the outer wall of the crushing roller and the inner wall of the annular plate, and when the crushing roller rotates, it cooperates with the annular plate to crush the material in the crushing channel; the annular plate is driven to rise and fall by a power component, and when the annular plate is raised and lowered, the position of the crushing roller located in the lower end of the annular plate is changed, thereby adjusting the opening size of the lower end of the crushing channel.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, a plurality of evenly distributed crushing structures are provided on the outer wall of the crushing roller and the inner wall of the annular plate; the crushing structures are cylindrical and extend along an axial direction perpendicular to the central axis.

[0009] As an optimal technical solution, the inner cavity at the lower end of the chassis is cylindrical and matches the outer diameter of the annular plate. A convex strip is provided on the outer wall of the annular plate. A guide groove matching the convex strip is provided on the inner wall of the lower end of the chassis. The guide groove extends vertically.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the power component is a hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the outside of the chassis, a connecting plate is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the annular plate, a strip hole for the connecting plate to pass through is provided on the side wall of the chassis, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the connecting plate.

[0011] As an optimal technical solution, the feeding mechanism includes a material receiving trough, which is circular with an open top. The material receiving trough is coaxially rotatably installed on the central axis above the crushing roller, and a driving device for driving the material receiving trough to rotate is installed on the chassis; a feed port is provided on the top wall of the chassis above the material receiving trough, and a drop port is provided on the bottom wall of the material receiving trough located on the side of the central axis.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the driving device is a driving motor installed on the outside of the chassis, the rotating shaft of the driving motor extends into the chassis and is fixedly installed with a small gear, and the outside of the material receiving trough is fixedly installed with a large ring gear coaxially arranged with the center axis, and the small gear is engaged with the large ring gear.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, a mounting sleeve is fixedly mounted on the central axis, and a plurality of material-diverting plates evenly spaced around the central axis are fixedly mounted on the mounting sleeve, and the material-diverting plates are located inside the material receiving trough.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the rotation speed of the material stripper plate is greater than the rotation speed of the material receiving trough, or the rotation speed of the material stripper plate is less than the rotation speed of the material receiving trough.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the top of the receiving trough is provided with a flange extending outward, a support plate is fixedly installed in the chassis, and a ball supported on the bottom of the flange is installed on the top of the support plate.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, a discharge port is provided on one side of the lower end of the chassis, and the inner side of the bottom wall of the chassis is inclined downward toward the discharge port.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The crushing roller is in the shape of a cone with a thinner upper end and a thicker lower end, which makes the crushing channel wider at the upper end and narrower at the lower end, so that the materials entering the crushing channel can be crushed step by step;

[0019] 2. The hydraulic cylinder drives the annular plate to move up and down through expansion and contraction, thereby adjusting the degree of material crushing. Specifically, when the annular plate moves up, the diameter of the crushing roller at the same level as the lower end of the annular plate decreases, thereby increasing the opening at the lower end of the crushing channel, thereby making the crushed material particles discharged through the lower end of the crushing channel larger; when the annular plate moves down, the diameter of the crushing roller at the same level as the lower end of the annular plate increases, thereby decreasing the opening at the lower end of the crushing channel, thereby making the crushed material particles discharged through the lower end of the crushing channel smaller. The adjustment is convenient and can meet different processing requirements.

[0020] 3. During the rotation of the receiving chute, the material in the receiving chute falls evenly into the crushing channel between the crushing roller and the annular plate through the drop-out port, which can avoid the accumulation of the material to be crushed in the crushing channel and improve the crushing efficiency of the material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram;

[0024] Figure 3 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a crushing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1-chassis; 2-center shaft; 3-reduction motor; 4-crushing roller; 5-annular plate; 6-crushing channel; 7-crushing structure; 8-convex strip; 9-guide groove; 10-hydraulic cylinder; 11-fixed plate; 12-connecting plate; 13-strip hole; 14-material receiving trough; 15-drive motor; 16-small gear; 17-large ring gear; 18-feed port; 19-feeding port; 20-mounting sleeve; 21-feeding plate; 22-flange; 23-support plate; 24-ball; 25-discharge port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a coal mine crushing device includes a chassis 1. The chassis 1 is generally cylindrical, with a diameter at the upper end being larger than that at the lower end, and an inverted cone-shaped transition between the upper and lower ends of the chassis 1. A feeding mechanism is provided in the upper end of the chassis 1, and a crushing mechanism is provided in the chassis 1 below the feeding mechanism.

[0029] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the crushing mechanism includes a central shaft 2 driven by a power mechanism and rotating around its own axis. The central shaft 2 extends vertically and is coaxially arranged with the chassis 1. The upper and lower ends of the central shaft 2 are rotatably mounted on the top and bottom walls of the chassis 1 through bearings respectively; the power mechanism is specifically a reduction motor 3, and a motor bracket is provided on the top of the chassis 1. The reduction motor 3 is mounted on the motor bracket by bolts, and the upper end of the central shaft 2 is connected to the rotating shaft of the reduction motor 3 by a coupling. A coaxially arranged crushing roller 4 is fixedly mounted on the central shaft 2 located in the lower end of the chassis 1. The central shaft 2 and the crushing roller 4 are integrally formed, or the crushing roller 4 is fixedly mounted on the central shaft 2 by bolts. The crushing roller 4 is in the shape of a truncated cone with a thinner upper end and a thicker lower end. An annular plate 5 coaxially arranged with the crushing roller 4 is provided in the lower end of the chassis 1. The crushing roller 4 is located inside the annular plate 5, and the lower end of the crushing roller 4 passes through the outside of the annular plate 5. A crushing channel 6 is provided between the outer wall of the crushing roller 4 and the inner wall of the annular plate 5. Since the crushing roller 4 is in the shape of a truncated cone, the upper end of the crushing channel 6 is wider and the lower end is narrower, so that the material entering the crushing channel 6 can be crushed step by step.

[0030] Protruding crushing structures 7 are provided on the outer wall of the crushing roller 4 and the inner wall of the annular plate 5. When the material falls downward into the crushing channel 6 between the crushing roller 4 and the annular plate 5 through the feeding mechanism, the central shaft 2 and the crushing roller 4 are driven to rotate by the reduction motor, and the crushing roller 4 drives the crushing structure 7 thereon and the crushing structure 7 on the annular plate 5 to rotate relative to each other, so that the material in the crushing channel 6 is squeezed and crushed by the crushing structures 7 on the crushing roller 4 and the annular plate 5.

[0031] The annular plate 5 is driven to rise and fall by a power component. This movement causes the position of the crushing roller 4 located within the lower end of the annular plate 5 to change, thereby adjusting the size of the opening at the lower end of the crushing channel 6. As the annular plate 5 moves vertically, the crushing roller 4 is in a truncated cone shape with a thinner upper end and a thicker lower end. This causes the diameter of the crushing roller 4, which is on the same horizontal plane as the lower end of the annular plate 5, to change. Specifically, as the annular plate 5 moves upward, the diameter of the crushing roller 4, which is on the same horizontal plane as the lower end of the annular plate 5, decreases, increasing the opening at the lower end of the crushing channel 6 and resulting in larger particles of crushed material discharged through the lower end of the crushing channel 6. As the annular plate 5 moves downward, the diameter of the crushing roller 4, which is on the same horizontal plane as the lower end of the annular plate 5, increases, decreasing the opening at the lower end of the crushing channel 6 and resulting in smaller particles of crushed material discharged through the lower end of the crushing channel 6.

[0032] To improve material crushing efficiency, multiple evenly distributed crushing structures 7 are provided on the outer wall of the crushing roller 4 and the inner wall of the annular plate 5. In this embodiment, the crushing structures 7 are cylindrical, extending in an axial direction perpendicular to the central axis 2, and are welded to the crushing roller 4 and the annular plate 5. Alternatively, the crushing structures 7 may have other configurations, such as tooth-shaped, conical, or triangular.

[0033] The inner cavity at the lower end of the chassis 1 is cylindrical and matches the outer diameter of the annular plate 5, thereby supporting and guiding the lifting of the annular plate 5; a plurality of vertically extending ridges 8 are integrally formed on the outer wall of the annular plate 5, and the plurality of ridges 8 are evenly spaced around the circumference of the annular plate 5, and a guide groove 9 matching the ridge 8 is provided on the inner wall of the lower end of the chassis 1. The guide groove 9 extends vertically, and the ridge 8 is vertically slidably installed in the corresponding guide groove 9, which can prevent the annular plate 5 from rotating with the crushing roller 4.

[0034] The power component is a hydraulic cylinder 10. Two hydraulic cylinders 10 are arranged opposite to each other on the left and right sides. Fixed plates 11 are welded on the left and right sides of the chassis 1 respectively. The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 10 is fixedly mounted on the corresponding fixed plates 11 by bolts; connecting plates 12 are fixedly mounted on the left and right sides of the annular plate 5 by bolts respectively. Strip holes 13 are respectively provided on the left and right side walls of the chassis 1 at the corresponding positions of the connecting plates 12. The connecting plates 12 pass through the outside of the chassis 1 through the corresponding strip holes 13 and can move up and down along the strip holes 13. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 10 extends upward, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 10 is fixedly connected to the corresponding connecting plate 12 by bolts, so that the annular plate 5 is driven up and down by the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 10 to adjust the degree of material crushing.

[0035] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the feeding mechanism includes a material receiving trough 14, which is circular with an open top. The material receiving trough 14 is coaxially rotatably mounted on the central shaft 2 located above the crushing roller 4, and the bottom wall of the material receiving trough 14 is rotatably connected to the central shaft 2 through a bearing, and a driving device for driving the material receiving trough 14 to rotate is installed on the chassis 1; specifically, the driving device is a driving motor 15 installed on the outside of the chassis 1, and a motor mounting plate is welded to the left side of the chassis 1. The driving motor 15 is mounted on the motor mounting plate by bolts, and the rotating axis of the driving motor 15 extends through the inverted conical side wall of the chassis 1 to the interior of the chassis 1 and is fixedly installed with a pinion 16. A mounting portion is provided around the outside of the material receiving trough 14, and a large gear ring 17 coaxially arranged with the central shaft 2 is fixedly installed on the mounting portion by bolts. The pinion 16 is meshed with the large gear ring 17, thereby realizing that the material receiving trough 14 is driven by the driving motor 15 to rotate around the central shaft 2.

[0036] A feed port 18 is provided on the top wall of the chassis above the material receiving chute 14. The feed port 18 is offset from the side of the central axis 2. A drop port 19 is provided on the bottom wall of the material receiving chute 14, located to the side of the central axis 2. Material to be crushed is added to the chassis 1 through the feed port 18. During the rotation of the material receiving chute 14, the material added through the feed port 18 evenly falls into the material receiving chute 14. As the material receiving chute 14 rotates, the material in the material receiving chute 14 evenly falls through the drop port 19 into the crushing channel 6 between the crushing roller 4 and the annular plate 5. This prevents the material to be crushed from accumulating in one place in the crushing channel 6, thereby improving the material crushing efficiency.

[0037] A mounting sleeve 20 is bolted to the central shaft 2. Welded to the mounting sleeve 20 are multiple tapping plates 21 evenly spaced about the central shaft 2. The tapping plates 21 extend along the radius of the central shaft and are located within the material receiving trough 14, with their bottoms contacting the bottom wall of the material receiving trough 14. The rotational speed of the tapping plates 21 is greater than that of the material receiving trough 14, or less than that of the material receiving trough 14.

[0038] As the central shaft 2 rotates, it drives the material stripper plate 21 to rotate. There is a speed difference between the material stripper plate 21 and the material receiving trough 14, so that when the material stripper plate 21 rotates, it drives the material in the material receiving trough 14 to move in the material receiving trough 14. When the material stripper plate 21 drives the material to move to the drop port 19, the material in the material receiving trough 14 can fall out smoothly through the drop port 19.

[0039] The top outer edge of the material receiving trough 14 is integrally formed with a flange 22 extending outward, and an annular support plate 23 is fixed or welded to the inner wall of the upper end of the chassis 1 below the flange 22 by bolts, and the top of the support plate 23 is embedded with a ball 24 supported on the bottom of the flange 22. A plurality of ball 24 are evenly spaced around the material receiving trough 14, and a track groove matching the ball 24 is provided at the bottom of the flange 22. The plurality of ball 24 provide support for the material receiving trough 14, thereby improving the rotation stability of the material receiving trough 14.

[0040] A discharge port 25 is provided at the front side of the lower end of the chassis 1 , and the inner side of the bottom wall of the chassis 1 is inclined downward toward the discharge port 25 , which is conducive to the discharge of crushed materials through the discharge port 25 .

[0041] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and improvements may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A coal mine crushing device, characterized by: The invention comprises a chassis, wherein a feeding mechanism is provided in the chassis, and a crushing mechanism is provided in the chassis below the feeding mechanism, wherein the crushing mechanism comprises a central shaft driven by a power mechanism and rotating around its own axis, the central shaft extending vertically, and a coaxially arranged crushing roller is fixedly mounted on the central shaft, the crushing roller is in the shape of a truncated cone with a thinner upper end and a thicker lower end, an annular plate coaxially arranged with the crushing roller is provided in the chassis, a crushing channel is provided between the outer wall of the crushing roller and the inner wall of the annular plate, and protruding crushing structures are provided on the outer wall of the crushing roller and the inner wall of the annular plate, and when the crushing roller rotates, it cooperates with the annular plate to crush the material in the crushing channel; the annular plate is driven to rise and fall by a power component, and when the annular plate is raised and lowered, the position of the crushing roller located in the lower end of the annular plate is changed, thereby adjusting the opening size of the lower end of the crushing channel.

2. A coal mine crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of evenly distributed crushing structures are provided on the outer wall of the crushing roller and the inner wall of the annular plate; the crushing structures are cylindrical and extend along an axial direction perpendicular to the central axis.

3. A coal mine crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cavity at the lower end of the chassis is cylindrical and matches the outer diameter of the annular plate. A convex strip is provided on the outer wall of the annular plate. A guide groove matching the convex strip is provided on the inner wall of the lower end of the chassis. The guide groove extends vertically.

4. A coal mine crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power component is a hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the outside of the chassis, a connecting plate is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the annular plate, a strip hole for the connecting plate to pass through is provided on the side wall of the chassis, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the connecting plate.

5. A coal mine crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism includes a material receiving trough, which is circular with an open top. The material receiving trough is coaxially rotatably mounted on the central axis above the crushing roller, and a driving device for driving the material receiving trough to rotate is installed on the chassis; a feed port is provided on the top wall of the chassis above the material receiving trough, and a drop port is provided on the bottom wall of the material receiving trough located on the side of the central axis.

6. A coal mine crushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving device is a driving motor installed on the outside of the chassis. The rotating shaft of the driving motor extends into the chassis and is fixedly installed with a small gear. The outside of the material receiving trough is fixedly installed with a large gear ring coaxially arranged with the central axis, and the small gear is meshed with the large gear ring.

7. A coal mine crushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A mounting sleeve is fixedly mounted on the central axis, and a plurality of material-diverting plates evenly spaced around the central axis are fixedly mounted on the mounting sleeve. The material-diverting plates are located inside the material receiving trough.

8. A coal mine crushing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotation speed of the material stripping plate is greater than the rotation speed of the material receiving trough, or the rotation speed of the material stripping plate is less than the rotation speed of the material receiving trough.

9. A coal mine crushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the receiving trough is provided with a flange extending outward, a support plate is fixedly installed in the chassis, and a ball supported by the bottom of the flange is installed on the top of the support plate.

10. A coal mine crushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A discharge port is provided on one side of the lower end of the chassis, and the inner side of the bottom wall of the chassis is inclined downward toward the discharge port.

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