Vehicle-mounted automatic dust collection device and method for monitoring flying dust concentration in real time

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted automatic dust collection device and method for monitoring the flying dust concentration in real time, and relates to the field of road construction flying dust treatment equipment. Comprising a vehicle body, a control box is fixedly connected to the vehicle body, secondary dust storage boxes are fixedly arranged on the two sides of the tail of the vehicle body, secondary dust suction devices are arranged on the secondary dust storage boxes, and dust content sensors are further arranged on the side faces of the secondary dust storage boxes; the second-stage dust storage box is connected with a first-stage dust storage box, and the first-stage dust storage box is connected to the bottom end of the tail of the vehicle body; first-stage dust suction devices are arranged on the two sides of the first-stage dust storage box, a flying dust concentration sensor is further arranged on the side face of the first-stage dust storage box, and a touch sensor is arranged on the vehicle body. And the control box receives signals of the flying dust concentration sensor and the touch sensor. The first-stage dust collection device focuses on ground flying dust collection, the second-stage dust collection device focuses on high-position suspended flying dust capture, and the first-stage dust collection device and the second-stage dust collection device cooperate with each other, so that the air quality of the working environment is effectively improved, and the harm of flying dust to the surrounding environment and personnel health is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of road construction dust control equipment, and in particular to a vehicle-mounted automatic dust collection device and method for real-time monitoring of dust concentration. Background Art

[0002] Existing transport vehicles rely solely on passive dust prevention measures, such as covering with tarpaulins, during driving, which cannot effectively suppress the dust raised by the vehicle tires. Traditional on-board dust collection devices have many shortcomings. Either they cannot work while the vehicle is driving, or the dust collection function is single and cannot adjust the dust collection intensity in real time according to the dust concentration, resulting in poor dust suppression effect. Moreover, traditional dust storage boxes rely heavily on manual operation when cleaning dust, which is inefficient and labor-intensive, and cannot meet actual use needs. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an on-board dust collection device that can effectively suppress dust during the driving of transport vehicles and has intelligent adjustment and automatic cleaning functions to solve the current problem of dust pollution in road construction. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle-mounted automatic dust collection device and method for real-time monitoring of dust concentration, so as to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: In the first aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted automatic dust collection device for real-time monitoring of dust concentration, comprising a vehicle body, a control box fixedly connected to the vehicle body, secondary dust storage boxes fixedly arranged on both sides of the rear of the vehicle body, a secondary dust collection device arranged on the secondary dust storage box, and a dust content sensor arranged on the side of the secondary dust storage box; the dust content sensor is used to monitor the dust content in the secondary dust storage box so as to clean it in time.

[0005] The secondary dust box is connected to the primary dust box, which is attached to the rear bottom of the vehicle. Primary dust collection devices are installed on both sides of the primary dust box, along with dust concentration sensors. A touch sensor is also installed on the vehicle body. The control box receives signals from the dust concentration and touch sensors. The primary dust collection device focuses on collecting dust from the ground, while the secondary dust collection device is used to collect dust from higher locations around the vehicle. It serves as an auxiliary dust collection component, working in conjunction with the primary dust collection device to achieve all-round dust collection.

[0006] Furthermore, dust removal pistons are provided on both sides of the first-level dust storage box, and an electromagnet dust removal groove is movably provided at the bottom of the middle of the first-level dust storage box.

[0007] Furthermore, the first-level dust storage box also includes a transmission device, which includes two slide rails, a motor, a screw rod and a fixed plate arranged on the chassis of the vehicle body; the fixed plate is arranged between the first-level dust storage box and the bottom end of the rear of the vehicle body and the two sides of the fixed plate are arranged on the slide rails, and the fixed plate can slide on the slide rails, and the first end of the screw rod is fixedly connected to the fixed plate, and the second end of the screw rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, and the motor is fixed on the chassis of the vehicle body.

[0008] Furthermore, the first-stage dust collection device and the second-stage dust collection device are both power-adjustable fans.

[0009] Furthermore, the power-adjustable fan includes a fan body, an impeller is coaxially arranged on the fan body, the impeller outer cover is provided with a fan protective shell, the fan protective shell prevents larger particles or debris from entering the fan, and protects the normal operation of the fan, and a dust suction nozzle is provided on the fan body.

[0010] Furthermore, the secondary dust storage box is connected to the primary dust storage box through a dust conveying pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the sides of the primary dust collection device and the secondary dust collection device are grooved and provided with filters, so that the inhaled air is drawn out of the dust storage box and the dust is settled in the dust storage box.

[0012] Furthermore, the size of the first-level dust collection device is larger than that of the second-level dust collection device.

[0013] Furthermore, the electromagnetic dust removal trough is movably connected to the bottom of the first-level dust storage box through a hinge and a pin. When the dust content sensor detects that the dust content in the first-level dust storage box exceeds a preset cleaning threshold, the vehicle stops and the electromagnet is not energized, so that the dust removal trough is opened through the hinge and pin structure. Then the dust removal piston inside the first-level dust storage box pushes the dust in the first-level dust storage box toward the electromagnetic dust removal trough at the middle bottom of the first-level dust storage box, so that the dust in the first-level dust storage box falls out of the electromagnetic dust removal trough due to gravity.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for automatically cleaning a vehicle for real-time monitoring of dust concentration, comprising the following steps: The control box collects data from the dust concentration sensor and compares it with the preset start threshold; When the data reaches or exceeds the preset start threshold, the control box sends a start command to the first-level dust collection device and the second-level dust collection device to start dust collection; When the data decreases, the control box sends a start-up instruction to the first-level dust collection device and the second-level dust collection device to reduce the dust collection frequency until the completion data is lower than the preset start-up threshold and the dust collection is completed.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: The present invention provides a vehicle-mounted automatic dust collection device that monitors dust concentration in real time. The dust concentration in the environment and the dust content in the dust storage box are monitored in real time through a dust concentration sensor and a dust content sensor, and the data is transmitted to a control box to realize intelligent control of the working state of the dust collection device, improve dust collection efficiency, and reduce energy consumption. When the vehicle stops, the dust content sensor on the first-level dust storage box detects that the dust has reached a certain threshold, and then sends a signal to the control box, and the first-level dust collection device and the second-level dust collection device are automatically started to suppress dust. The first-level dust collection device focuses on collecting dust on the ground, and the second-level dust collection device focuses on capturing dust suspended in high places. The two cooperate with each other to effectively improve the air quality of the working environment and reduce the harm of dust to the surrounding environment and human health. During the dust suppression process, the dust collection intensity is controlled by adjusting the fan speed according to the specific dust concentration value on site. It can effectively suppress the dust raised by the vehicle tires during the driving of the transport vehicle, and reduce the further spread of dust into the air to cause environmental pollution.

[0016] Furthermore, a motor drives the screw to rotate, driving the fixed plate to move linearly on the slide rail, allowing for flexible adjustment of the position of the primary dust collection device. This effectively suppresses dust and ensures that construction vehicles are not disturbed by the dust collection device during operations such as loading and unloading, steering, etc., thus ensuring the continuity of the construction process, reducing delays caused by device obstruction, and improving overall construction efficiency.

[0017] The secondary dust storage box collects dust from high altitudes and transports it to the primary dust storage box via a dust pipe. This allows for graded dust storage and centralized processing, significantly increasing the unit's dust storage capacity and extending continuous operating time. Compared to a single-stage dust storage design, under the same operating environment, this reduces the frequency of manual dust box cleaning and improves operational efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle-mounted automatic dust collection device for real-time monitoring of dust concentration in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle-mounted automatic dust collection device for real-time monitoring of dust concentration in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0020] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the transmission structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the primary dust collection device and the secondary dust collection device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first-level dust storage box of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electromagnet dust removal tank of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 1: Vehicle body; 2: Control box; 3: Primary dust collection device; 4: Secondary dust collection device; 5: Primary dust storage box; 6: Secondary dust storage box; 7: Dust pipe; 8: Filter; 9: Pin; 10: Motor; 11: Screw; 12: Slide rail; 13: Fixing plate; 14: Dust concentration sensor; 15: Fan housing; 16: Impeller; 17: Fan; 18: Dust collection nozzle; 19: Touch sensor; 20: Dust content sensor; 21: Dust removal piston; 22: Electromagnetic dust removal trough; 23: Hinges. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0027] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "inner," etc. appear, the orientation or positional relationship indicated is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the inventive product is typically placed when in use. These terms are merely for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0031] Example 1 See Figures 1 to 2 The present invention provides a vehicle-mounted automatic dust collection device for real-time monitoring of dust concentration, comprising a vehicle body 1, a control box 2 fixedly connected to the vehicle body 1, and two-level dust storage boxes 6 fixedly arranged on both sides of the rear of the vehicle body 1, and a two-level dust collection device 4 arranged on the two-level dust storage box 6, which is used to temporarily store the dust sucked in by the two-level dust collection device 4, and the two-level dust collection device 4 is used to absorb dust at a higher position around the vehicle, and a dust content sensor 20 is also arranged on the side of the two-level dust storage box 6; the two-level dust storage box 6 is connected to the one-level dust storage box 5, and the one-level dust storage box 5 is connected to the bottom end of the rear of the vehicle body 1; the one-level dust collection device 3 is arranged on both sides of the one-level dust storage box 5, and the one-level dust storage box 5 is also arranged on the side of the one-level dust storage box 5, and a touch sensor 19 is provided on the vehicle body 1; the control box 2 receives signals from the dust concentration sensor 14 and the touch sensor 19.

[0032] The secondary dust storage box 6 is connected to the primary dust storage box 5 through a dust conveying pipe 7. The primary dust storage box 5 is connected to the bottom end of the rear of the vehicle body 1 for centralized storage and treatment of dust. A primary dust suction device 3 is provided on both sides of the primary dust storage box 5. The primary dust suction device 3 is used to absorb the main dust near the ground.

[0033] Example 2 See Figures 1 to 6 The present invention provides a vehicle-mounted automatic dust collection device for real-time monitoring of dust concentration, comprising a vehicle body 1, a control box 2 fixedly connected to the vehicle body 1, and two-level dust storage boxes 6 fixedly arranged on both sides of the rear end of the vehicle body 1, and a two-level dust collection device 4 arranged on the two-level dust storage box 6, which is used to temporarily store the dust sucked in by the two-level dust collection device 4, and the two-level dust collection device 4 is used to absorb dust at a higher position around the vehicle, and a dust content sensor 20 is also arranged on the side of the two-level dust storage box 6; the two-level dust storage box 6 is connected to the one-level dust storage box 5, and the one-level dust storage box 5 is connected to the bottom end of the rear end of the vehicle body 1; the one-level dust collection device 3 is arranged on both sides of the one-level dust storage box 5, and the one-level dust storage box 5 is also provided with a dust concentration sensor 14 on the side, and the measurement results of the dust concentration sensor 14 and the dust content sensor 20 can be transmitted to the control box 2, and the control box 2 is used to receive data from the dust concentration sensor 14 and control the operation of the device. The dust content sensor 20 is used to send a signal to the control box 2 to remind the driver to clean the secondary dust storage box 6 when the dust content of the secondary dust storage box 6 reaches the cleaning standard.

[0034] The secondary dust storage box 6 is connected to the primary dust storage box 5 through a dust conveying pipe 7. The primary dust storage box 5 is connected to the bottom end of the rear of the vehicle body 1 for centralized storage and treatment of dust. A primary dust suction device 3 is provided on both sides of the primary dust storage box 5. The primary dust suction device 3 is used to absorb the main dust near the ground.

[0035] Dust removal pistons 21 are installed on both sides of the primary dust storage box 5. An electromagnetic dust removal groove 22 is movably installed at the bottom of the middle of the primary dust storage box 5. When the vehicle stops, the dust content sensor 20 in the secondary dust storage box 6 transmits a signal to the control box 2. The control box 2 controls the electromagnetic dust removal groove 22 at the bottom of the primary dust storage box 5 to open and controls the symmetrical dust removal pistons 21 inside the primary dust storage box 5 to operate, pushing the dust in the primary dust storage box 5 into the electromagnetic dust removal groove 22 at the bottom of the primary dust storage box 5, thereby automatically discharging the dust from the primary dust storage box 5. The primary dust collection device 3 and the secondary dust collection device 4 work in conjunction, respectively, sucking dust from near the ground and higher up around the vehicle, achieving all-round dust collection and effectively reducing dust pollution in the environment.

[0036] The first-stage dust storage box 5 also includes a transmission device, which includes two slide rails 12, a motor 10, a screw rod 11 and a fixed plate 13 arranged on the chassis of the vehicle body 1; the fixed plate 13 is arranged between the first-stage dust storage box 5 and the bottom end of the rear end of the vehicle body 1, and the two sides of the fixed plate 13 are arranged on the slide rails 12. The fixed plate 13 can slide on the slide rails 12, and the first end of the screw rod 11 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 13. The second end of the screw rod 11 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 10, and the motor 10 is fixed to the chassis of the vehicle body 1; the fixed plate 13 can ensure the stability and accuracy of the first-stage dust collection device 3 during linear motion. The transmission device is used to adjust the position of the first-stage dust storage box 5, thereby driving the first-stage dust collection device 3 to move, so as to achieve a better dust collection effect.

[0037] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, both the primary dust collection device 3 and the secondary dust collection device 4 are power-adjustable fans, which are used to adjust the dust collection intensity in real time according to the dust concentration. The power-adjustable fan includes a fan body 17, which serves as a power source to drive a coaxially arranged impeller 16. The impeller 16 is covered by a fan protective housing 15, which is used to protect the impeller 16 and guide the airflow. The fan body 17 is provided with a dust collection nozzle 18, which is used to directly collect dust.

[0038] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the sides of the primary dust suction device 3 and the secondary dust suction device 4 are grooved and provided with a filter 8, and the filter 8 is used to extract the inhaled air out of the dust storage box, and the dust is settled in the dust storage box.

[0039] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the dust concentration and the speed of dust diffusion are fast near the wheel position, the size of the first-level dust suction device 3 is larger than the size of the second-level dust suction device 4, and the size of the first-level dust suction device 3 is larger to extend the working time of the device and improve the dust suction effect.

[0040] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the electromagnet dust removal trough 22 is movably connected to the bottom of the primary dust storage box 5 through a hinge 23 and a pin 9, and the movable connection structure formed by the hinge 23 and the pin 9 is used to realize the controllable opening and closing of the electromagnet dust removal trough 22.

[0041] Example 3 The present invention provides a method for vehicle-mounted automatic dust collection for real-time monitoring of dust concentration, which uses the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted automatic dust collection device for real-time monitoring of dust concentration, including the following steps: The control box 2 collects data from the dust concentration sensor 14 and compares it with the preset start threshold; When the data reaches or exceeds the preset start threshold, the control box 2 sends a start instruction to the first-level dust collection device 3 and the second-level dust collection device 4 to start dust collection; When the data decreases, the control box 2 sends a start instruction to the first-level dust collection device 3 and the second-level dust collection device 4 to reduce the dust collection frequency until the completion data is lower than the preset start threshold and the dust collection is completed.

[0042] Specifically, the dust concentration sensor 14 arranged on the side of the first-level dust storage box 5 monitors the environmental dust concentration data in real time; when the dust concentration data reaches or exceeds the preset start-up threshold, the control box 2 sends a start-up instruction to the first-level dust collection device 3 and the second-level dust collection device 4; after the first-level dust collection device 3 and the second-level dust collection device 4 receive the start-up instruction, the power-adjustable fan is started, and the impeller 16 is driven to rotate through the fan body 17 to generate suction.

[0043] The first-level dust suction device 3 absorbs dust near the ground through the dust suction nozzle 18, and after filtering through the fan protection case 15 and the filter screen 8, the dust is transported to the first-level dust storage box 5. The second-level dust suction device 4 absorbs dust at a higher position around the vehicle through its dust suction nozzle 18, and after filtering through the fan protection case 15 and the filter screen 8, the dust is transported to the second-level dust storage box 6; the dust in the second-level dust storage box 6 is transported to the first-level dust storage box 5 through the dust conveying pipe 7, thereby realizing centralized storage of dust.

[0044] When the dust concentration data decreases, the control box 2 sends a power reduction instruction to the first-level dust collection device 3 and the second-level dust collection device 4 to reduce the fan power and achieve energy-saving operation; when the dust concentration data increases, the control box 2 sends a power increase instruction to the first-level dust collection device 3 and the second-level dust collection device 4 to increase the fan power and enhance the dust collection effect.

[0045] The control box 2 compares the dust content data in the real-time monitoring data set with the preset cleaning threshold. When the dust content data reaches or exceeds the preset cleaning threshold, the operator is reminded to clean the dust storage box.

[0046] The motor 10 is operated through the control box 2, and the motor 10 drives the screw rod 11 to rotate, and the screw rod 11 drives the fixed plate 13 to slide on the slide rail 12, moving the first-level dust storage box 5 to a position convenient for cleaning; the motor 10 continues to work, driving the dust removal pistons 21 on both sides of the first-level dust storage box 5 to move, pushing the dust in the first-level dust storage box 5 to the position of the electromagnet dust removal groove 22, opening the electromagnet dust removal groove 22 and turning off the electromagnet power supply through the hinge 23 and the pin shaft 9, so that the dust in the dust removal groove is discharged, closing the electromagnet dust removal groove 22, restarting the electromagnet, and restoring its adsorption function.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted automatic dust collection device for real-time monitoring of dust concentration, comprising a vehicle body (1), characterized in that: A control box (2) is fixedly connected to the vehicle body (1), and secondary dust storage boxes (6) are fixedly provided on both sides of the rear of the vehicle body (1). A secondary dust collection device (4) is provided on the secondary dust storage box (6), and a dust content sensor (20) is also provided on the side of the secondary dust storage box (6); The secondary dust storage box (6) is connected to the primary dust storage box (5), and the primary dust storage box (5) is connected to the bottom end of the rear of the vehicle body (1); primary dust collection devices (3) are provided on both sides of the primary dust storage box (5); a dust concentration sensor (14) is also provided on the side of the primary dust storage box (5); and a touch sensor (19) is provided on the vehicle body (1); the control box (2) receives signals from the dust concentration sensor (14) and the touch sensor (19).

2. The vehicle-mounted automatic dust collection device for real-time monitoring of dust concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that: Dust removal pistons (21) are provided on both sides of the first-level dust storage box (5), and an electromagnet dust removal groove (22) is movably provided at the bottom of the middle of the first-level dust storage box (5).

3. The vehicle-mounted automatic dust collection device for real-time monitoring of dust concentration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first-stage dust storage box (5) further includes a transmission device, which includes two slide rails (12), a motor (10), a screw rod (11) and a fixed plate (13) arranged on the chassis of the vehicle body (1); the fixed plate (13) is arranged between the first-stage dust storage box (5) and the bottom end of the rear portion of the vehicle body (1), and both sides of the fixed plate (13) are arranged on the slide rails (12); the fixed plate (13) can slide on the slide rails (12); the first end of the screw rod (11) is fixedly connected to the fixed plate (13); the second end of the screw rod (11) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (10); and the motor (10) is fixed on the chassis of the vehicle body (1).

4. The vehicle-mounted automatic dust collection device for real-time monitoring of dust concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-stage dust collection device (3) and the second-stage dust collection device (4) are both fans with adjustable power.

5. The vehicle-mounted automatic dust collection device for real-time monitoring of dust concentration according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power-adjustable fan comprises a fan body (17), an impeller (16) is coaxially arranged on the fan body (17), a fan protection shell (15) is provided on the outer cover of the impeller (16), and a dust suction nozzle (18) is provided on the fan body (17).

6. The vehicle-mounted automatic dust collection device for real-time monitoring of dust concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary dust storage box (6) is connected to the primary dust storage box (5) via a dust conveying pipe (7).

7. The vehicle-mounted automatic dust collection device for real-time monitoring of dust concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-stage dust suction device (3) and the second-stage dust suction device (4) are both grooved on their sides and provided with filter screens (8).

8. The vehicle-mounted automatic dust collection device for real-time monitoring of dust concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the first-level dust collection device (3) is larger than the size of the second-level dust collection device (4).

9. The vehicle-mounted automatic dust collection device for real-time monitoring of dust concentration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electromagnet dust removal groove (22) is movably connected to the bottom of the primary dust storage box (5) through a hinge (23) and a pin shaft (9).

10. A vehicle-mounted automatic dust collection method for real-time monitoring of dust concentration, characterized in that: The application of the vehicle-mounted automatic dust collection device for real-time monitoring of dust concentration according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: The control box (2) collects data from the dust concentration sensor (14) and compares it with a preset start threshold; When the data reaches or exceeds a preset start threshold, the control box (2) sends a start instruction to the first-stage dust collection device (3) and the second-stage dust collection device (4) to start dust collection; When the data decreases, the control box (2) sends a start instruction to the first-level dust collection device (3) and the second-level dust collection device (4), reducing the dust collection frequency until the completion data is lower than the preset start threshold value, and the dust collection is completed.

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