Manufacturing method of ventilation external wall panel

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fabricated buildings, in particular to a manufacturing method of a ventilation external wall panel. A manufacturing method of a ventilation externally-hung wallboard comprises the steps that firstly, an outer acanthus mold and a reinforced rib mold are assembled and formed, the interior of the outer acanthus mold and the interior of the reinforced rib mold are kept to be communicated, and reinforcing steel bars are bound in the assembled mold; the method comprises the following steps of: firstly, forming an outer acanthus and reinforcing ribs, then pouring, completing forming of the outer acanthus and the reinforcing ribs, then opening a mold, binding an inner acanthus reinforcement cage on the connecting joints, then overturning the formed outer acanthus and reinforcing ribs, keeping the inner acanthus reinforcement cage to be placed in an inner acanthus mold, finally pouring concrete until the concrete is flush with the end surfaces of the reinforcing ribs, and opening the mold after the concrete is condensed. The reinforced ribs with special shapes are firstly poured and formed together with the outer acanthus, and then the inner acanthus with simple and regular shapes is poured, so that the difficulty of pouring and mold opening is conveniently reduced, and the problem that in the prior art, one-time pouring and forming of the ventilation externally-hung wallboard are relatively difficult is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of prefabricated buildings, and in particular to a method for manufacturing a ventilated exterior wall panel. Background Art

[0002] In view of the climate characteristics of my country's hot summer and warm winter regions, such as strong solar radiation, high temperature and humidity, wall panels in hot summer and warm winter regions are mainly focused on thermal insulation performance, and generally do not consider thermal insulation performance. For example, the Chinese invention patent application with application publication date of March 14, 2025 and application publication number CN119616133A discloses a precast concrete radiant cooling and ventilation exterior wall panel. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the wall panel comprises an outer blade 11, an inner blade 15, and reinforcing ribs disposed between the outer blades 11 and the inner blades 15. The reinforcing ribs are multiple and spaced parallel to each other. The ribs on both sides constitute end reinforcing ribs 14, while the ribs between the end reinforcing ribs constitute middle reinforcing ribs 13. Defined by the inner blade 15, outer blade 11, and the reinforcing ribs, a ventilation duct 12 is formed between the inner and outer blades, meeting ventilation and heat insulation requirements.

[0003] The above solution does not disclose its manufacturing method. Usually, for concrete prefabricated parts, a one-time casting method is often adopted. However, in the above technical solution, due to the presence of reinforced ribs, the shape is irregular, so there are certain difficulties in one-time casting. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a ventilated external wall panel, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that it is difficult to cast and form the ventilated external wall panel in one go.

[0005] A method for manufacturing a ventilated exterior wall panel, first assembling an outer blade mold and a reinforcing rib mold to form them, keeping the outer blade mold and the reinforcing rib mold internally connected, tying steel bars in the assembled mold to complete the molding of the outer blade steel cage and the reinforcing rib steel cage, and keeping the reinforcing rib steel cage exposed from the reinforcing rib mold to form a connecting joint; then pouring to complete the molding of the outer blade and the reinforcing rib, then opening the mold, tying the inner blade steel cage to the connecting joint, then turning over the molded outer blade and reinforcing rib, keeping the inner blade steel cage placed in the inner blade mold, and finally pouring concrete until it is flush with the end face of the reinforcing rib, and opening the mold after solidification.

[0006] Furthermore, before the outer blade plate and the reinforcing rib are demoulded, the outer blade plate and the reinforcing rib are cured.

[0007] Furthermore, steam curing is adopted for the outer blades and reinforced ribs, which sequentially go through four stages of static, heating, constant temperature and cooling; wherein the static time is not less than 2 hours, the heating rate is not more than 15°C / h, the maximum temperature at constant temperature does not exceed 60°C / h and the constant temperature time is not less than 3 hours, and the cooling rate is not more than 10°C / h.

[0008] Furthermore, before the inner blade plate is molded, the cast inner blade plate is covered with a film for curing.

[0009] Furthermore, when the inner blade reinforcement cage is placed into the inner blade mold, the positioning embedded parts on the inner blade are simultaneously placed in place.

[0010] Furthermore, when the inner blade is poured, a vibration table is used to vibrate the concrete slurry.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer blades and the reinforced ribs are vibrated using a vibrating rod during casting.

[0012] Furthermore, before pouring, a reinforcement beam is fixed to the middle of the stiffening rib mold.

[0013] Furthermore, after the inner formwork is opened, the qualified wall panels are hoisted to the painting area for painting with the radiation cooling coating.

[0014] Furthermore, a mounting structure for fixing the reinforcing rib mold is provided on the side mold of the outer blade mold.

[0015] The beneficial effect of the manufacturing method of the ventilated external wall panel in the present invention is that: in the present invention, the outer blade mold and the reinforcing rib mold are first assembled, and then the steel cage is tied in the mold to facilitate the molding of the steel cage. Due to the special shape of the reinforcing rib, the tied steel cage cannot be placed in, so the mold is assembled first and then the steel cage is tied; since the outer blade mold and the reinforcing rib mold are internally connected, the two can also be connected together during casting; when tying the steel cage, a connection joint is reserved for convenience of connection with the inner blade; after the outer blade and the reinforcing rib are formed, the inner blade steel cage is tied to facilitate mold opening, and finally the inner blade is cast; that is, during casting, the ventilated external wall panel is divided into two parts, the specially shaped reinforcing rib is first cast together with the outer blade, and then the inner blade with a simple and regular shape is cast, which is convenient for reducing the difficulty of casting and mold opening, thereby solving the problem in the prior art that it is difficult to cast and mold the ventilated external wall panel in one go. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a ventilation external wall panel in the prior art;

[0018] Figure 2 A top view of a ventilated exterior wall panel in the prior art;

[0019] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the mold for the outer blades and reinforcing ribs when manufacturing the ventilated exterior wall panel of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a mold for adding ribs when manufacturing the ventilated exterior wall panel of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a mold for inner blades when manufacturing the ventilated exterior wall panels of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of placing the inner blade steel cage into the inner blade mold during the production of the ventilated exterior wall panel in the present invention.

[0023] The meanings of the numbers in the figure are: 11, outer blade; 12, air duct; 13, middle reinforced rib; 14, end reinforced rib; 15, inner blade; 21, outer blade bottom mold; 22, outer blade side mold; 23, first end mold; 3, reinforced rib mold; 41, inner blade bottom mold; 42, inner blade side mold; 43, inner blade end mold; 51, positioning embedded parts; 52, inner blade steel cage; 6, reinforcement beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is described below using specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concepts of the present invention.

[0025] The terms used in this disclosure are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the disclosure. As used in this disclosure and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," "the," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0026] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in this disclosure to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from each other. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining."

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the internal communication between two components. It can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] In the following description, the suffixes such as "module", "component" or "unit" used to represent elements are only used to facilitate the description of the present invention and have no specific meaning. Therefore, "module" and "component" can be used interchangeably.

[0030] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] In an embodiment of the method for manufacturing a ventilated exterior wall panel of the present invention:

[0032] The ventilated external wall panel in the present invention is cast twice. During the first casting, the outer blade and the reinforcing ribs are cast and formed, and then the steel cage of the inner blade is tied and formed. The structure after the first casting is turned over, so that the steel cage of the inner blade is placed in the inner template for a second casting until it is formed.

[0033] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the outer blade 11 and the reinforcing ribs are first formed. Since the outer blade 11 and the reinforcing ribs will be cast and formed in the first pour, the outer blade mold and the reinforcing rib mold 3 are first assembled together. The outer blade mold includes an outer blade bottom mold 21, an outer blade side mold 22, and an outer blade end mold. These molds are assembled into an uncovered cubic structure. Of course, the outer blade side mold 22 and the outer blade end mold can be designed according to the actual shape of the outer blade 11. In this embodiment, a first end mold 23 is provided. The height of the first end mold 23 is equal to the thickness of the outer blade 11 and the thickness of the reinforcing ribs. As a result, the bottom of the first end mold 23 constitutes the outer blade end mold, while the upper portion of the first end mold 23 constitutes a portion of the reinforcing rib mold 3. This ensures that the reinforcing rib mold 3 and the outer blade mold have better stability during assembly.

[0034] The reinforcing rib mold 3 needs to define the shape of the reinforcing rib, so the reinforcing rib mold 3 is often arranged in groups, and a single reinforcing rib mold 3 constitutes the mold on one side of the reinforcing rib. Among them, the end reinforcing rib 14 is already restricted by the first end mold 23, so the forming of the end reinforcing rib 14 depends on only one reinforcing rib mold 3. The middle reinforcing rib 13 requires a reinforcing rib mold 3 arranged in groups, and two reinforcing rib molds 3 are arranged at intervals to form the reinforcing rib in the middle. Since there is a fixed positional relationship between the reinforcing rib and the outer blade 11, the position of the reinforcing rib needs to be limited. An installation structure for fixing the reinforcing rib mold 3 is provided on the side mold of the outer blade mold. Specifically, in this embodiment, a vertically arranged vertical plate is fixedly provided on the outer blade side mold 22. The reinforcing rib mold 3 can be fixed on the vertical plate by bolts. The vertical plate can be used to fix the reinforcing rib mold 3 and also to limit the position of the reinforcing rib mold 3. Of course, in other embodiments, other fixing methods may also be used, such as providing threaded holes or studs on the top surface of the outer blade side mold, or fixing the two stiffening rib molds together and then uniformly installing them on the outer blade side mold.

[0035] The reinforcing rib mold 3 is fixed on the outer blade side mold 22, and also plays the role of reinforcing the outer blade side mold 22. The reinforcing rib mold 3 is relatively narrow and long. In this embodiment, a reinforcing beam 6 is also provided to reinforce the reinforcing rib mold 3. The two ends of the reinforcing beam 6 are fixedly connected to the top surface of the first end mold 23 and span the outer blade mold. A connecting structure for connecting to the reinforcing rib mold 3 is also provided in the middle part of the reinforcing beam 6. The outer blade mold can be reinforced by the reinforcing beam 6, and the middle part of the reinforcing rib mold 3 can also be reinforced. There are two reinforcing beams 6, which are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and the two reinforcing beams 6 are respectively located at one-third and two-thirds of the reinforcing rib mold 3. Of course, in other embodiments, if the structural strength of the reinforcing rib mold itself is sufficient, the reinforcing beam may no longer be provided.

[0036] During the casting process of the ventilated exterior wall panel, the outer blade mold and the reinforcing rib mold 3 are first assembled and fixed together, at which point the space between the outer blade mold and the reinforcing rib mold 3 is interconnected. Then, the reinforcement cage is tied inside the mold, forming the outer blade 11 and reinforcing rib cages. Because the inner blade cage 52 will need to be tied later, a connection joint for the inner blade cage 52 is reserved on the reinforcing rib cage. This facilitates the subsequent tying of the inner blade cage 52 and prevents premature tying of the inner blade cage 52, which may make demolding difficult.

[0037] Concrete pouring then proceeds. In this embodiment, ordinary C30 concrete is used. During the pouring of the outer blade 11, two 50mm vibrators are placed on each pouring surface, with the rods spaced no more than 40cm apart. Two vibrating points on each side are alternately staggered and vibrated forward. Each point is vibrated for no less than 20 seconds to expel air bubbles trapped in the concrete and provide a more compact overall structure. It's worth noting that after pouring and vibrating, manual scraping is required to ensure the quality of the outer blade 11 and the smoothness of the interface between the reinforcing ribs and the inner blade 15.

[0038] Before the outer blade 11 and the ribs are demolded, they are cured. Specifically, steam curing is used during the curing process, which involves four stages: rest, heating, constant temperature, and cooling. The rest time is no less than 2 hours, the heating rate is no more than 15°C / hour, the maximum constant temperature is no more than 60°C / hour and the constant temperature time is no less than 3 hours, and the cooling rate is no more than 10°C / hour, thereby improving the molding quality of the outer blade 11 and the ribs.

[0039] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the above structure is then molded, and after the mold is opened, the inner blade 15 can be cast. Specifically, the inner blade 15 mold includes an inner blade bottom mold 41, an inner blade side mold 42, and an inner blade end mold 43. The inner blade 15 mold is assembled and formed by the above three molds to form an uncovered cubic structure. The inner blade reinforcement cage 52 is tied to the connecting joint, and then the above-mentioned formed outer blade 11 and reinforcing ribs are turned over so that the inner blade reinforcement cage 52 is placed downward in the inner blade 15 mold. After forming, the inner pressure plate will be provided with a positioning embedded part 51 that is convenient for connecting to the wall. Therefore, the positioning embedded part 51 on the inner blade 15 should also be placed in place when placing it. Of course, the timing of setting the positioning embedded part 51 can be adjusted, such as during the assembly process of the inner blade 15 mold, or before the inner blade reinforcement cage 52 is turned over and placed in the inner blade 15 mold.

[0040] During the pouring of the inner blade 15, a vibrating table is used to vibrate the concrete and slurry. Since the outer blade 11 has already been formed at this time, there is no space above the mold of the inner blade 15 to vibrate with a vibrating rod. Therefore, a vibrating table is used for vibrating during the second pouring to improve the molding quality. Of course, in other embodiments, a vibrating table can also be used to vibrate the outer blade 11 and the reinforcing ribs.

[0041] After the inner blade 15 is cast, it also needs to be cured. At this time, the outer blade 11 is fixedly connected to the inner blade 15 and has been steam-cured. If steam curing is used again, the outer blade 11 may crack after two steam curings, resulting in a defective product. Therefore, in this embodiment, the inner blade 15 is cured by laminating. After curing is completed, the mold of the inner blade 15 is disassembled, and the production of the ventilated exterior wall panel is completed.

[0042] Ventilated exterior wall panels also require a cooling coating. After the mold is opened, any defective panels are repaired until they meet quality standards. Qualified panels are then hoisted to the radiant cooling coating area, where the radiant cooling coating is applied to the exterior blades 11. This coating achieves a cooling effect below ambient temperature through efficient sunlight reflection and mid-infrared radiation. The coating consists of three layers: a base layer, a top layer, and a protective layer. These layers are applied sequentially according to the coating process. After drying, the ventilated exterior wall panels are finally ready.

[0043] It should be understood that the embodiments described are only a portion of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a ventilated exterior wall panel, characterized by: First, assemble the outer blade mold and the reinforced rib mold to form them, keep the outer blade mold and the reinforced rib mold internally connected, tie the steel bars in the above-assembled mold, complete the molding of the outer blade steel cage and the reinforced rib steel cage, and keep the reinforced rib steel cage exposed from the reinforcing rib mold to form a connection joint; then cast to complete the molding of the outer blade and reinforced rib, then open the mold, tie the inner blade steel cage to the connection joint, then turn over the formed outer blade and reinforced rib, keep the inner blade steel cage in the inner blade mold, and finally pour concrete until it is flush with the end face of the reinforced rib, and open the mold after solidification.

2. The method for manufacturing a ventilated exterior wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the outer blade and the reinforcement ribs are demoulded, the outer blade and the reinforcement ribs are cured.

3. The method for manufacturing a ventilated exterior wall panel according to claim 2, characterized in that: Steam curing is adopted for the outer blades and reinforced ribs, which goes through four stages of static, heating, constant temperature and cooling in sequence; the static time shall not be less than 2h, the heating rate shall not exceed 15℃ / h, the maximum temperature during constant temperature shall not exceed 60℃ / h and the constant temperature time shall not be less than 3h, and the cooling rate shall not exceed 10℃ / h.

4. The method for manufacturing a ventilated exterior wall panel according to claim 3, characterized in that: Before the inner blade is molded, the cast inner blade is covered with a film for maintenance.

5. The method for manufacturing a ventilated exterior wall panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: When placing the inner leaf plate reinforcement cage into the inner leaf plate mold, the positioning embedded parts on the inner leaf plate are placed in place simultaneously.

6. The method for manufacturing a ventilated exterior wall panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: When pouring the inner blade, a vibrating table is used to vibrate the concrete slurry.

7. The method for manufacturing a ventilated exterior wall panel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer blades and the reinforced ribs are vibrated by using a vibrating rod during casting.

8. The method for manufacturing a ventilated exterior wall panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Before pouring, a reinforcement beam is fixed in the middle of the stiffener mould.

9. The method for manufacturing a ventilated exterior wall panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: After the inner formwork is opened, the qualified wall panels are hoisted to the painting area for painting with the radiation cooling coating.

10. The method for manufacturing a ventilated exterior wall panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The side mold of the outer blade mold is provided with a mounting structure for fixing the reinforcing rib mold.

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