Extended-range vertical take-off and landing fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle based on hydrogen fuel cell

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen fuel cell-based extended-range vertical take-off and landing fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle, which comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body and an extended-range power supply system arranged in the unmanned aerial vehicle body, the range-extended power supply system comprises a high-gas-state hydrogen cylinder, a pressure valve, a lithium battery, a hydrogen fuel cell, a DC-DC voltage stabilization module, an electric brushless turbofan and an FCU system control module, the high-gas-state hydrogen cylinder is connected with a hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell through the pressure valve, and the electric brushless turbofan is connected with an oxygen inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell. The DC-DC voltage stabilizing module is connected with the hydrogen fuel cell, the lithium battery is used for providing peak power for the vertical take-off and landing stage of the unmanned aerial vehicle and providing basic circuit power supply for starting of the whole machine, and the FCU system control module is in communication connection with the pressure valve, the hydrogen fuel cell, the DC-DC voltage stabilizing module and the electric brushless turbofan. The problems that an existing unmanned aerial vehicle is short in endurance, slow in charging, high in pollution, high in maintenance cost, prominent in endurance and load contradiction and the like can be effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and in particular to an extended-range vertical take-off and landing fixed-wing UAV based on a hydrogen fuel cell. Background Art

[0002] With the opening of low-altitude economic policies, drone applications are booming across various industries, and market demand continues to drive technological innovation. However, drone power systems still have many shortcomings. For example, lithium-ion battery-powered multi-rotor drones suffer from short flight times (typically less than an hour without a payload) and slow charging speeds; traditional fuel-powered drones suffer from high pollution levels and high maintenance costs; and pure electric vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) drones face a significant conflict between flight range and payload capacity. Furthermore, drones often rely on a consumable power supply model, requiring the replacement of a set of lithium batteries with each flight, making them difficult to meet the demands of long-term, efficient operations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a hydrogen fuel cell-based extended-range vertical take-off and landing fixed-wing UAV, which can effectively solve the problems of existing UAVs such as short flight time, slow charging, high pollution, high maintenance costs, and prominent contradictions between endurance and load capacity.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A range-extended vertical take-off and landing fixed-wing UAV based on a hydrogen fuel cell comprises a UAV body and a range-extended power supply system arranged inside the UAV body, wherein the range-extended power supply system comprises a high-gas hydrogen cylinder, a pressure valve, a lithium battery, a hydrogen fuel cell, a DC-DC voltage regulator module, an electric brushless turbine blower and an FCU system control module, wherein the high-gas hydrogen cylinder is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell through the pressure valve to provide hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel cell, and the pressure and flow of the hydrogen are adjusted by the pressure valve, and the electric brushless turbine blower is connected to the oxygen inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell to provide oxygen to the hydrogen fuel cell, thereby The cell converts the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions. The DC-DC voltage stabilizing module is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell and is used to stabilize the electrical energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell and output it to the lithium battery and the power system of the entire machine. The lithium battery is used to provide peak power for the vertical take-off and landing phase of the UAV and provide basic circuit power supply for the startup of the entire machine. The FCU system control module is respectively communicated with the pressure valve, hydrogen fuel cell, DC-DC voltage stabilizing module and electric brushless turbine fan to control the opening of the pressure valve, the operating status of the hydrogen fuel cell, the output voltage of the DC-DC voltage stabilizing module and the speed of the electric brushless turbine fan.

[0006] Furthermore, the hydrogen fuel cell is arranged at the bottom of the cabin of the drone body, and heat dissipation channels for dissipating heat from the hydrogen fuel cell are respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the bottom of the cabin.

[0007] Furthermore, the high-gaseous hydrogen cylinder is arranged on the upper part of the cabin of the drone body and is located at the center of gravity of the drone body.

[0008] Furthermore, the high-gaseous hydrogen cylinder adopts a carbon fiber fully wrapped Type III cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, the lithium battery is arranged inside the cabin of the drone body and in front of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0010] Furthermore, the DC-DC voltage stabilizing module is arranged at the bottom of the cabin of the UAV body and is located behind the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0011] Furthermore, the FCU system control module and the electric brushless turbine fan are respectively arranged inside the cabin of the drone body and located behind the DC-DC voltage regulator module.

[0012] Furthermore, the flight control system of the drone body is arranged inside the cabin of the drone body and is located behind the high-gas hydrogen cylinder.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0014] The present invention adopts a range-extending mode of hydrogen fuel cell main power supply + DC-DC regulator + lithium battery. The hydrogen fuel cell has high energy density and can greatly improve the endurance without significantly increasing its own weight, effectively solving the problems of short flight time and slow charging of lithium batteries. In addition, drones using hydrogen fuel cells as the main power supply have low noise, low pollution, and are easy to maintain, and can complete flight missions more efficiently and environmentally friendly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the extended-range vertical take-off and landing fixed-wing UAV of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a front view of the extended-range vertical take-off and landing fixed-wing UAV of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the overall range-extended vertical take-off and landing fixed-wing UAV of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a range-extended vertical take-off and landing fixed-wing UAV based on a hydrogen fuel cell, comprising a UAV body 1 and an extended-range power supply system arranged inside the UAV body 1. The UAV body 1 adopts an integrated integrated layout skin and has a larger cabin space. The extended-range power supply system includes a high-gaseous hydrogen cylinder 2, a pressure valve 3, a lithium battery 4, a hydrogen fuel cell 5, a DC-DC voltage regulator module 6, an electric brushless turbine fan 7 and an FCU system control module 8. The high-gaseous hydrogen cylinder 2 is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell 5 through the pressure valve 3 to provide hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel cell 5, and the pressure and flow of the hydrogen are adjusted by the pressure valve 3. The electric brushless turbine fan 7 is connected to the oxygen inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell 5 to provide oxygen to the hydrogen fuel cell 5. , and then the hydrogen fuel cell converts the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy through electrochemical reaction, and the conversion efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell 5 is improved by the electric brushless turbine fan 7. The DC-DC voltage stabilizing module 6 is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell 5, and is used to stabilize the electrical energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell 5 and output it to the lithium battery 4 and the power system of the whole machine. The lithium battery 4 is used to provide peak power for the vertical take-off and landing phase of the UAV, and provide basic circuit power supply for the startup of the whole machine. The FCU system control module 8 is respectively communicated with the pressure valve 3, the hydrogen fuel cell 5, the DC-DC voltage stabilizing module 6 and the electric brushless turbine fan 7, and is used to control the opening of the pressure valve 3, the operating state of the hydrogen fuel cell 5, the output voltage of the DC-DC voltage stabilizing module 6, and the speed of the electric brushless turbine fan 7.

[0020] The hydrogen fuel cell 5 is arranged at the bottom of the cabin 101 of the drone body 1. Since the hydrogen fuel cell 5 generates a large amount of waste heat when working, heat dissipation channels 103 are respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the bottom of the cabin for dissipating heat from the hydrogen fuel cell 5.

[0021] The high-gaseous hydrogen cylinder 2 can be a fully wrapped carbon fiber Type III cylinder with a hydrogen storage density of ≥4wt%. The high-gaseous hydrogen cylinder 2 is installed above the cabin of the drone body 1 and at the center of gravity of the drone body 1. Because the high-gaseous hydrogen cylinder 2 and the hydrogen fuel cell 5 are both located at the front of the cabin, the hydrogen fuel cell 5 and the high-gaseous hydrogen cylinder 2 can be quickly replaced by opening the cover 102, reducing maintenance costs.

[0022] The lithium battery 4 is arranged inside the cabin of the drone body 1 and in front of the hydrogen fuel cell 5; the DC-DC voltage regulator module 6 is arranged at the bottom of the cabin of the drone body 1 and behind the hydrogen fuel cell 5; the FCU system control module 8 and the electric brushless turbine fan 7 are respectively arranged inside the cabin of the drone body 1 and behind the DC-DC voltage regulator module 6; the flight control system 9 of the drone body 1 is arranged inside the cabin of the drone body 1 and behind the high-gaseous hydrogen cylinder 2.

[0023] The power distribution of the above-mentioned extended-range power supply system is as follows:

[0024] Vertical take-off and landing phase: lithium batteries will provide 80% peak power;

[0025] Level flight phase: The hydrogen fuel cell output power dynamically matches the flight power.

[0026] The present invention adopts a range-extending mode of hydrogen fuel cell main power supply + DC-DC regulator + lithium battery. The hydrogen fuel cell has high energy density and can greatly improve the endurance without significantly increasing its own weight. It is suitable for scenarios such as long-distance inspection, logistics transportation and emergency monitoring.

[0027] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and invention concept of the present invention within the scope disclosed by the present invention, which falls within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell-based extended-range vertical take-off and landing fixed-wing UAV, characterized by: The invention comprises a drone body and an extended-range power supply system arranged inside the drone body, wherein the extended-range power supply system comprises a high-gas hydrogen cylinder, a pressure valve, a lithium battery, a hydrogen fuel cell, a DC-DC voltage regulator module, an electric brushless turbine blower and an FCU system control module. The high-gas hydrogen cylinder is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell through the pressure valve to provide hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel cell, and the pressure and flow of the hydrogen are adjusted by the pressure valve. The electric brushless turbine blower is connected to the oxygen inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell to provide oxygen to the hydrogen fuel cell, and then the hydrogen fuel cell converts hydrogen and The chemical energy of oxygen is converted into electrical energy. The DC-DC voltage regulator module is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell and is used to stabilize the electrical energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell and output it to the lithium battery and the power system of the entire machine. The lithium battery is used to provide peak power for the vertical take-off and landing phase of the UAV and provide basic circuit power supply for the startup of the entire machine. The FCU system control module is respectively communicated with the pressure valve, hydrogen fuel cell, DC-DC voltage regulator module and electric brushless turbine fan to control the opening of the pressure valve, the operating status of the hydrogen fuel cell, the output voltage of the DC-DC voltage regulator module, and the speed of the electric brushless turbine fan.

2. The hydrogen fuel cell-based extended-range vertical take-off and landing fixed-wing UAV according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen fuel cell is arranged at the bottom of the cabin of the UAV body, and heat dissipation channels for dissipating heat from the hydrogen fuel cell are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the cabin bottom.

3. The hydrogen fuel cell-based extended-range vertical take-off and landing fixed-wing UAV according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-gaseous hydrogen cylinder is arranged on the upper part of the cabin of the drone body and is located at the center of gravity of the drone body.

4. The hydrogen fuel cell-based extended-range vertical take-off and landing fixed-wing UAV according to claim 3, characterized in that: The high-gaseous hydrogen cylinder adopts a carbon fiber fully wrapped Type III cylinder.

5. The hydrogen fuel cell-based extended-range vertical take-off and landing fixed-wing UAV according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lithium battery is arranged inside the cabin of the drone body and is located in front of the hydrogen fuel cell.

6. The hydrogen fuel cell-based extended-range vertical take-off and landing fixed-wing UAV according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DC-DC voltage stabilizing module is arranged at the bottom of the cabin of the UAV body and is located behind the hydrogen fuel cell.

7. The hydrogen fuel cell-based extended-range vertical take-off and landing fixed-wing UAV according to claim 1, characterized in that: The FCU system control module and the electric brushless turbine fan are respectively arranged inside the cabin of the drone body and located behind the DC-DC voltage regulator module.

8. The hydrogen fuel cell-based extended-range vertical take-off and landing fixed-wing UAV according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flight control system of the UAV body is arranged inside the cabin of the UAV body and is located behind the high-gas hydrogen cylinder.

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