Method for inhibiting liquid spore microbial fertilizer from expanding barrel

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for inhibiting a liquid spore microbial fertilizer from expanding a barrel, and belongs to the technical field of microbial fertilizers. According to the method, kitchen waste and agricultural and forestry waste are used as raw materials, the kitchen waste is treated through buffer solution soaking, physical adsorption oil removal and reverse osmosis desalination, and agricultural and forestry waste smashing and high-temperature disinfection pretreatment are combined; soil bacillus, bacillus licheniformis, bifidobacterium and lactic acid bacteria are added according to the proportion of 1%-10% of the total mass, are stirred and mixed by stages, are subjected to composting fermentation for 3-5 days at the temperature of 40-90 DEG C and the humidity of 30%-98%, and are finally mixed and air-dried with wood dust and plant ash to form a blocky fertilizer, so that the problems of barrel expansion, low resource utilization rate and poor soil improvement effect of a traditional bacterial fertilizer are solved, and the fertilizer is suitable for large-scale production. The method is suitable for saline-alkali soil improvement, arid regions and continuous cropping obstacle soil, and efficient resource utilization of waste is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of microbial fertilizers, in particular to a method for inhibiting liquid spore-type microbial fertilizers from swelling in a barrel. Background Art

[0002] There are many problems with the microbial fertilizers currently on the market. Some microbial fertilizers are prone to swelling during storage, which not only affects the appearance and quality of the product but also causes the fertilizer to lose its effectiveness. In addition, traditional microbial fertilizer preparation processes often fail to fully utilize waste resources such as food waste and agricultural and forestry waste, resulting in resource waste and increased environmental pressure. The effectiveness of existing microbial fertilizers in improving the soil environment and increasing crop yields also needs to be improved, especially under conditions of drought and poor soil, where the effect on promoting crop growth is not obvious enough. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for inhibiting liquid spore-based microbial fertilizer from swelling in a barrel, which can effectively solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for inhibiting the expansion of liquid spore-based microbial fertilizer barrels, collecting kitchen waste and agricultural and forestry waste, comprising the following steps: S1. Raw material pretreatment: Soak the food waste in a buffer solution for 2-6 days at a temperature of 30-100°C and a stirring speed of 50-1000 rpm to dissolve soluble matter. Physical adsorption and reverse osmosis are then performed on the soaked food waste to remove oil and salt, respectively, to obtain organic matter with an oil content of ≤0.8% and a salt content of ≤0.5%. Agricultural and forestry waste is crushed to a size of 10-200 mesh, sterilized at high temperature, and mixed with the food waste organic matter at a mass ratio of 1:1-3:1. S2. Addition of microbial strains: Bacillus spp., Bacillus licheniformis, Bifidobacterium spp., and lactic acid bacteria were uniformly added to the mixed raw materials, with each strain added at 1% to 10% of the total mass of the mixed raw materials; the mixture was stirred for 0.2 to 5 days at a stirring speed of 20 to 2000 rpm; S3. Fermentation and Post-Processing: The mixture is placed in a composting condition at a temperature of 40-90°C and a humidity of 30-98% for 3-5 days. Sawdust, wood ash, and water are added to the resulting composted mixture, mixed evenly, and air-dried to form a block fertilizer with a compressive strength ≥0.5 MPa. The resulting biofertilizer has an effective viable bacterial count ≥2×10^8 CFU / g, an organic matter content ≥45%, and an expansion coefficient ≤1.05. This solves the problems of traditional biofertilizers, such as bulking, low resource utilization, and poor soil improvement effects. It is suitable for saline-alkali land improvement, arid areas, and soils with continuous cropping problems, achieving efficient resource utilization of waste.

[0005] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S1 The buffer solution is a phosphate buffer solution with a pH of 6.5 to 7.5, the physical adsorption deoiling uses activated carbon or diatomaceous earth adsorbent, the operating pressure of reverse osmosis desalination is 0.1 to 0.5 MPa, and the high-temperature disinfection of agricultural and forestry waste is a steam treatment at 80 to 120° C. for 30 to 120 minutes.

[0006] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S2 The addition ratio of each bacterial species is: soil Bacillus 3~8%, Bacillus licheniformis 2~7%, Bifidobacterium 1~5%, and lactic acid bacteria 1~5%; the stirring process is divided into two stages: the initial stage is mixed at 20~200rpm for 10~30 minutes, and the latter stage is mixed at 500~2000rpm for 2~4 hours.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S3 The compost fermentation temperature is controlled in stages: 60~80℃ in the first 24 hours, 40~60℃ in the middle period, and 30~40℃ in the late period; the air-drying conditions are 20~35℃ with natural ventilation for 2~5 days, and the hardness of the block is compressive strength ≥0.5 MPa; the mass ratio of sawdust to wood ash is 3:1~5:1, the sawdust particle size is 1~5 mm, and the potassium content of the wood ash is ≥8%.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method for inhibiting the expansion of liquid spore-based microbial fertilizer barrels, which has the following beneficial effects: Through an innovative preparation process, the present invention can not only effectively inhibit the barrel swelling phenomenon of microbial fertilizers, but also make full use of restaurant kitchen waste and agricultural and forestry waste, improve the nutritional content of fertilizers and promote crop growth. It has important environmental and economic significance, solves the problems of traditional fertilizers causing barrel swelling, low resource utilization and poor soil improvement effect, is suitable for improving saline-alkali land, arid areas and soil with continuous cropping obstacles, and realizes efficient resource utilization of waste. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] The present invention will be described below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments described in the present invention are intended to more clearly illustrate the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0010] The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values should be understood to include values close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoints of each range, the endpoints of each range and individual point values, and the individual point values can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered to be specifically disclosed herein.

[0011] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: 1. Material pretreatment The food waste is soaked in a specific buffer solution for 2-6 days at a temperature between 20°C and 80°C. During the soaking process, stirring is performed at 200-2000 rpm to fully dissolve the soluble substances in the food waste. After soaking, physical adsorption is used for oil removal, followed by reverse osmosis for desalination, ensuring that the oil and salt content of the resulting organic matter meets the required standards. Agricultural and forestry waste, such as straw and branches, is pretreated before being mixed with the organic matter from the treated food waste. The waste is then crushed to a 10-100 mesh size and then subjected to an alkaline wash to ensure smooth microbial fermentation.

[0012] 2. Selection and addition of microbial strains Choose soil Bacillus, Bacillus licheniformis, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus. Soil Bacillus has a strong nitrogen-fixing ability, converting nitrogen in the air into nitrogen that plants can use. Bacillus licheniformis decomposes organic matter in the soil, improving soil fertility. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus can regulate the structure of soil microbial communities and inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms. These bacteria species work together in the soil to form a stable microbial ecosystem.

[0013] The acidic environment created by Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus promotes the growth and reproduction of Bacillus spp. and Bacillus licheniformis. The nutrients produced by these bacteria, when they decompose organic matter, provide nutrients for Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus spp. The addition levels for Bacillus spp., Bacillus licheniformis, Bifidobacteria, and Lactobacillus spp. are 1% to 10% and 1% to 10% respectively.

[0014] 3. Fermentation and post-processing process Fermentation conditions Composting is carried out in a constant temperature environment, with the temperature controlled at 40-90 ℃. Within this temperature range, the activity of microorganisms is the highest, and they can quickly decompose organic matter and promote the composting of fertilizers. Humidity is also a key factor in the fermentation process. During the fermentation process, the humidity of the mixture is maintained at 30-98%. By regularly checking and adjusting the humidity (such as adding an appropriate amount of water or ventilating and drying), it is ensured that microorganisms have a suitable growth environment. The purpose of mixing sawdust and wood ash: to mix the mixture obtained after composting with sawdust and wood ash evenly. Sawdust and wood ash have an adsorption effect and can absorb excess moisture and odor. At the same time, they can also provide some mineral elements, such as potassium and calcium, to enrich the nutritional content of fertilizers.

[0015] As a specific embodiment of the present invention: Raw material preparation 100 kg of food waste was soaked in clean water (the soaking liquid was twice the height of the waste) for 24 hours at a controlled temperature of 25°C. The mixture was stirred every two hours at a speed of 50 rpm. After soaking, the mixture was centrifuged for oil removal. After oil removal, ion exchange resin was used to remove salts, resulting in organic matter. Testing revealed an oil content of 0.5% and a salt content of 0.3%.

[0016] Take 50 kg of straw and 30 kg of branches, crush them into particles with an average particle size of 2 mm, and disinfect them by ultraviolet irradiation for 30 minutes.

[0017] Addition of microbial strains Take 1 kg of soil Bacillus, 0.5 kg of Bacillus licheniformis, 0.3 kg of Bifidobacterium, and 0.4 kg of lactic acid bacteria, evenly sprinkle them on the mixed mixture of organic matter and agricultural and forestry waste, and then stir for 15 minutes at a stirring speed of 80~1000 rpm.

[0018] Fermentation and post-processing Place the mixture in a constant temperature environment to compost, maintaining the temperature at 30°C and the humidity at 60%. Compost for 4 days. Mix the resulting composted mixture with 10kg of sawdust and 5kg of wood ash. Add a small amount of water (5kg), mix thoroughly, and air-dry at a temperature between 20°C and 30°C for 3 days. Air-drying can be stopped when the fertilizer forms lumps that are firm enough to break with tools but not crushed by hand. The resulting crude organic fertilizer lumps are packaged for storage using plastic film and a desiccant and insect repellent are placed inside the packaging. When ready for use, crush the lumps to an average particle size of 1mm for field use.

[0019] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made by using the contents of the present invention specification under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for inhibiting the expansion of liquid spore-forming microbial fertilizer barrels, for collecting kitchen waste and agricultural and forestry waste, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Raw material pretreatment: soaking the food waste in a buffer solution for 2-6 days at a temperature of 30-100°C and a stirring speed of 50-1000 rpm to dissolve soluble substances; then subjecting the soaked food waste to physical adsorption for oil removal and reverse osmosis for salt removal to obtain organic matter; crushing agricultural and forestry waste to a mesh size of 10-200, sterilizing it at high temperature, and mixing it with the organic matter; S2. Addition of microbial strains: Bacillus spp., Bacillus licheniformis, Bifidobacterium spp., and lactic acid bacteria were uniformly added to the mixed raw materials, with each strain added at 1% to 10% of the total mass of the mixed raw materials; the mixture was stirred for 0.2 to 5 days at a stirring speed of 20 to 2000 rpm; S3. Fermentation and post-processing: The mixture is placed in a composting condition at a temperature of 40-90°C and a humidity of 30-98% for 3-5 days. Sawdust, wood ash, and water are added to the composted mixture, mixed evenly, and air-dried to obtain fertilizer.

2. The method for inhibiting liquid spore-based microbial fertilizer from swelling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer solution is a phosphate buffer solution with a pH of 6.5 to 7.

5.

3. The method for inhibiting liquid spore-based microbial fertilizer from swelling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The physical adsorption deoiling adopts activated carbon or diatomaceous earth adsorbent.