Low-viscosity lubricating oil
By preparing low-viscosity lubricating oils with spherical nanotitanium silicon particles and imidazosin frame compounds with smooth surfaces, the shortcomings of traditional lubricating oils in friction reduction and wear resistance are solved, and high-efficiency lubricating and wear resistance are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510775496.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-15
- Estimated Expiration
- 2044-10-09
AI Technical Summary
Traditional lubricating oils cannot meet the requirements of friction reduction and wear resistance under severe conditions, and nanolubricating additives have poor dispersion and are difficult to achieve efficient lubrication.
A tightly coupled vacuum induction furnace was used to prepare spherical nanotitanium silicon particles with smooth surfaces, and an imidazosin frame cage-shaped coordination compound with zinc as the fulcrum was formed by solvothermal method. A low-viscosity lubricating oil was prepared by combining base oil and viscosity index improver.
Significantly reduce friction resistance, improve lubrication effect and wear resistance, reduce metal surface roughness, enhance dispersion, and achieve friction reduction performance.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lubricating oils, in particular to a low-viscosity lubricating oil. Background Art
[0002] The contact between friction pairs in large-scale construction machinery inevitably leads to friction and wear, resulting in significant energy consumption and material loss. According to statistics, friction and wear account for one-third of global energy consumption. This energy consumption caused by friction has become a significant challenge in achieving carbon neutrality. Therefore, reducing friction and wear is of paramount importance in modern technology. Lubrication technology plays an irreplaceable role in improving the energy efficiency and service life of mechanical equipment.
[0003] Generally speaking, the essence of lubrication technology is the use of lubricants, and lubricating oils that are stable in different environments are the most commonly used lubricants. In recent years, traditional lubricants have been unable to meet the requirements of friction reduction and anti-wear performance of contact surfaces in relative motion under increasingly severe conditions. Finding high-performance lubricant additives has become an effective and reasonable way to improve lubricant performance. Nanomaterials have received widespread attention in the field of tribology due to their unique structure and properties and environmentally friendly characteristics. Metal-organic framework materials are a new type of porous material that has attracted research in the field of tribology due to their good stability and structural controllability. However, single nano-lubricating additives usually have poor dispersibility and are difficult to achieve the limitation of efficient lubrication. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a low-viscosity lubricating oil to solve the problems existing in the prior art.
[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a low-viscosity lubricating oil, which mainly includes 74 to 86 parts of base oil, 9 to 11 parts of modified titanium silicon particles, and 2 to 4 parts of viscosity index improver by weight.
[0006] Furthermore, the base oil has a kinematic viscosity of 14-30 mm at 40°C. 2 / s, kinematic viscosity at 100℃ is 4~10mm 2 / s, viscosity index is 120~130.
[0007] Furthermore, the modified titanium silicon particles are prepared from nano titanium silicon particles, zinc sulfate and imidazolin through a solvent thermal method.
[0008] Furthermore, the nano-titanium silicon particles are formed by melting and combining titanium dioxide with sodium silicate in a tightly coupled vacuum induction furnace in a spray form.
[0009] Furthermore, the viscosity index improver is of the Exxon PT8920 type.
[0010] Furthermore, a method for preparing low-viscosity lubricating oil comprises the following preparation steps: (1) 34-58 parts of sodium silicate are placed in a vacuum melting crucible, and 37-61 parts of titanium dioxide are melted to prepare a melt, the crucible is placed in a furnace, and when the ambient temperature reaches a certain temperature, the melt is atomized and sprayed to prepare nano-titanium silicon particles; (2) 4-8 parts of nano-titanium silicon particles were dispersed in 56-110 parts of methanol, 21-43 parts of zinc sulfate and 16-32 parts of imidazolin were added, and ultrasonicated at 25°C and 120 rpm for 20-40 min. The mixture was then transferred to a high-pressure reactor and reacted at 120-140°C for 10-24 h. After naturally cooling to 25°C, the mixture was centrifuged at 3000 r / min for 10-16 min. The mixture was washed alternately with deionized water and ethanol until the pH was 6-7, and dried in an oven at 50-60°C for 12-16 h to obtain modified titanium silicon particles. (3) 74-86 parts of base oil, 9-11 parts of modified titanium silicate particles, and 2-4 parts of Exxon PT8920 viscosity index improver were mixed to prepare a low-viscosity lubricating oil.
[0011] Furthermore, the vacuum degree of the vacuum melting crucible in step (1) is -0.06~-0.08MPa.
[0012] Furthermore, the certain temperature in step (1) is 550-650°C.
[0013] Furthermore, the atomization spraying conditions in step (1) are: atomization medium Ar gas, atomization pressure 2.5-4.5 MPa, and atomization flow rate 21-33 m³ / min.
[0014] Furthermore, the ultrasonic frequency in step (2) is 50 kHz.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention utilizes a tightly coupled vacuum induction furnace to melt titanium dioxide and sodium silicate in a spray form to form spherical nano-titanium silicon particles with smooth surfaces, thereby achieving the effect of a rolling bearing, reducing frictional resistance, and significantly improving the lubricating effect and wear resistance of lubricating oil. Furthermore, the particles can enter the friction surface to form a lubricating film, reduce the roughness of the metal surface, and further enhance the wear resistance. Zinc sulfate and imidazolinone are then combined with the titanium silicon particles through a solvent thermal method, and the zinc atoms are coordinated with the nitrogen atoms in the imidazolinone to form a cage-like coordination compound with zinc as a fulcrum and imidazolinone as a framework. The compound has a three-dimensional pore structure, thereby improving the dispersibility of the material in the lubricating oil and reducing agglomeration, thereby indirectly improving the lubrication effect. Furthermore, the particles can continuously enter the contact surface of the friction pair to fill the pits on the wear surface and achieve friction reduction performance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the method provided by the present invention, the following examples are provided in detail. The test methods for various indicators of the low-viscosity lubricating oil prepared in the following examples are as follows: Kinematic viscosity at 40°C / 100°C: The same mass of the embodiment and the comparative example were tested according to ASTM D445.
[0018] CCS viscosity: The same mass of the embodiment and the comparative example were tested according to ASTM D5293.
[0019] Wear scar diameter: The same mass of the examples and comparative examples was measured according to ASTM D4172 at 1800 rpm, 80°C oil temperature, and 30 kg load for 30 minutes. After the test, the test balls were removed and the wear scars were measured.
[0020] Example 1 (1) 34 parts of sodium silicate were placed in a vacuum melting crucible and evacuated to a vacuum degree of -0.06 MPa, and 37 parts of titanium dioxide were melted to prepare a molten liquid. The crucible was placed in a furnace. When the ambient temperature reached 550°C, the molten liquid was atomized and sprayed under the conditions of an atomizing medium of Ar gas, an atomizing pressure of 2.5 MPa, and an atomizing flow rate of 21 m³ / min to prepare nano-titanium silicon particles. (2) 4 parts of nano-titanium silicon particles were dispersed in 56 parts of methanol, 21 parts of zinc sulfate and 16 parts of imidazolin were added, and ultrasonication was carried out at 25°C, 120 rpm and a frequency of 50 kHz for 20 minutes. The particles were then transferred to a high-pressure reactor and reacted at 120°C for 10 hours. After naturally cooling to 25°C, the particles were centrifuged at 3000 r / min for 10 minutes. The particles were washed alternately with deionized water and ethanol until the pH was 6, and dried in an oven at 50°C for 12 hours to obtain modified titanium silicon particles. (3) 74 parts of base oil, 9 parts of modified titanium silicate particles, and 2 parts of Exxon PT8920 viscosity index improver were mixed uniformly to prepare a low-viscosity lubricating oil.
[0021] Example 2 (1) 46 parts of sodium silicate were placed in a vacuum melting crucible and evacuated to a vacuum degree of -0.07 MPa, and 49 parts of titanium dioxide were melted to prepare a molten liquid. The crucible was placed in a furnace. When the ambient temperature reached 600°C, the molten liquid was atomized and sprayed under the conditions of an atomizing medium of Ar gas, an atomizing pressure of 3.5 MPa, and an atomizing flow rate of 27 m³ / min to prepare nano-titanium silicon particles. (2) 6 parts of nano-titanium silicon particles were dispersed in 83 parts of methanol, 32 parts of zinc sulfate and 24 parts of imidazolin were added, and ultrasonication was carried out at 25°C, 120 rpm and a frequency of 50 kHz for 30 min. The particles were then transferred to a high-pressure reactor and reacted at 130°C for 17 h. After naturally cooling to 25°C, the particles were centrifuged at 3000 r / min for 13 min, and washed alternately with deionized water and ethanol until the pH was 6.5. The particles were then dried in an oven at 55°C for 14 h to obtain modified titanium silicon particles. (3) 80 parts of base oil, 10 parts of modified titanium silicate particles, and 3 parts of Exxon PT8920 viscosity index improver were mixed uniformly to prepare a low-viscosity lubricating oil.
[0022] Example 3 (1) 58 parts of sodium silicate were placed in a vacuum melting crucible and evacuated to a vacuum degree of -0.08 MPa, and 61 parts of titanium dioxide were melted to prepare a molten liquid. The crucible was placed in a furnace. When the ambient temperature reached 650°C, the molten liquid was atomized and sprayed under the conditions of an atomizing medium of Ar gas, an atomizing pressure of 4.5 MPa, and an atomizing flow rate of 33 m³ / min to prepare nano-titanium silicon particles. (2) 8 parts of nano-titanium silicon particles were dispersed in 110 parts of methanol, 43 parts of zinc sulfate and 32 parts of imidazolin were added, and ultrasonicated at 25°C, 120 rpm and a frequency of 50 kHz for 40 min. The particles were then transferred to a high-pressure reactor and reacted at 140°C for 24 h. After naturally cooling to 25°C, the particles were centrifuged at 3000 r / min for 16 min, and washed alternately with deionized water and ethanol until the pH was 7. The particles were then dried in an oven at 60°C for 16 h to obtain modified titanium silicon particles. (3) 86 parts of base oil, 11 parts of modified titanium silicate particles, and 4 parts of Exxon PT8920 viscosity index improver were mixed uniformly to prepare a low-viscosity lubricating oil.
[0023] Comparative Example 1 The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 lies in step (1). Step (1) is modified as follows: 46 parts of sodium silicate and 49 parts of titanium dioxide are dispersed in 195 parts of water, transferred to an autoclave, reacted at 160°C for 17 hours, naturally cooled to 25°C, centrifuged at 3000 r / min for 13 minutes, washed alternately with deionized water and ethanol until the pH reaches 6.5, and dried in an oven at 55°C for 14 hours to produce nano-titanium silicon particles. The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 2.
[0024] Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 2 differs from Example 2 in that step (1) is omitted, and step (2) is modified as follows: 6 parts of silicon dioxide are dispersed in 83 parts of methanol, 32 parts of zinc sulfate and 24 parts of imidazolin are added, and ultrasonication is carried out at 25°C, 120 rpm, and a frequency of 50 kHz for 30 minutes. The mixture is then transferred to a high-pressure reactor and reacted at 130°C for 17 hours. After naturally cooling to 25°C, the mixture is centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 13 minutes, and washed alternately with deionized water and ethanol until the pH reaches 6.5. The mixture is then dried in an oven at 55°C for 14 hours to obtain modified titanium silicon particles. The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 2.
[0025] Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 3 differs from Example 2 in that step (1) is omitted and step (2) is modified as follows: 6 parts of titanium dioxide are dispersed in 83 parts of methanol, 32 parts of zinc sulfate and 24 parts of imidazolin are added, and ultrasonic treatment is carried out at 25°C, 120 rpm and a frequency of 50 kHz for 30 minutes. The mixture is then transferred to a high-pressure reactor and reacted at 130°C for 17 hours. After naturally cooling to 25°C, the mixture is centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 13 minutes. The mixture is washed alternately with deionized water and ethanol until the pH reaches 6.5, and dried in an oven at 55°C for 14 hours to obtain modified titanium silicon particles. The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 2.
[0026] Comparative Example 4 Comparative Example 4 differs from Example 2 in that step (2) is omitted and step (3) is changed to: 80 parts of base oil and 3 parts of Exxon PT8920 viscosity index improver are uniformly mixed to prepare a low-viscosity lubricating oil. The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 2.
[0027] Effect Examples Table 1 below shows the performance analysis results of the low-viscosity lubricating oils of Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1 to 4.
[0028] Table 1 From the comparison of the experimental data of Examples 1, 2, and 3 with those of Comparative Example 1, it can be found that titanium dioxide is melted and combined with sodium silicate in the form of a spray using a tightly coupled vacuum induction furnace to form spherical nano-titanium silicon particles with a smooth surface, thereby achieving the effect of a rolling bearing, reducing friction resistance, and significantly improving the lubricating effect and wear resistance of the lubricating oil; from the comparison of the experimental data of Examples 1, 2, and 3 with those of Comparative Example 2, it can be found that titanium dioxide can enter the friction surface to form a lubricating film, reduce the roughness of the metal surface, and further enhance the wear resistance; from the comparison of the experimental data of Examples 1, 2, and 3 with those of Comparative Example 3, it can be found that sodium silicate is converted into silicon dioxide at high temperature, which plays the role of a rolling bearing, reducing friction resistance, and significantly improving the lubricating effect and wear resistance of the lubricating oil. Low friction resistance significantly improves the lubricating effect and wear resistance of the lubricating oil, and at the same time can enter the friction surface to form a lubricating film, reduce the roughness of the metal surface, and further enhance the wear resistance. From the comparison of the experimental data of Examples 1, 2, and 3 with Comparative Example 4, it can be found that zinc sulfate, imidazolin and titanium silicon particles are combined by a solvent thermal method, and the zinc atoms are coordinated with the nitrogen atoms in the imidazolin to form a cage-like coordination compound with zinc as the fulcrum and imidazolin as the framework. The compound has a three-dimensional pore structure, which improves the dispersibility of the material in the lubricating oil and reduces agglomeration, thereby indirectly improving the lubrication effect. At the same time, the compound can continuously enter the contact surface of the friction pair, fill the pits on the wear surface, and achieve friction reduction performance.
[0029] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be encompassed therein. Any reference in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.
Claims
1. A low-viscosity lubricating oil, characterized in that: The low-viscosity lubricating oil comprises, by weight, 80 parts of base oil, 10 parts of modified titanium silicon particles, and 3 parts of viscosity index improver; The base oil has a kinematic viscosity of 14 to 30 mm at 40°C. 2 / s, kinematic viscosity at 100℃ is 4~10mm 2 / s, viscosity index is 120-130; The modified titanium silicon particles are prepared from nano titanium silicon particles, zinc sulfate and imidazolin through a solvent thermal method; The nano-titanium silicon particles are prepared by melting and combining titanium dioxide with sodium silicate in a tightly coupled vacuum induction furnace in a spray form. The method for preparing the low-viscosity lubricating oil comprises the following steps: (1) 46 parts of sodium silicate were placed in a vacuum melting crucible and the vacuum was reduced to -0.07 MPa. 49 parts of titanium dioxide were melted to prepare a molten liquid. The crucible was placed in a furnace. When the ambient temperature reached 600°C, the molten liquid was atomized and sprayed under the conditions of Ar gas, atomizing pressure of 3.5 MPa, and atomizing flow rate of 27 m³ / min to obtain nano-titanium silicon particles. (2) 6 parts of nano-titanium silicon particles were dispersed in 83 parts of methanol, 32 parts of zinc sulfate and 24 parts of imidazolin were added, and ultrasonic treatment was carried out at 25°C, 120 rpm and a frequency of 50 kHz for 30 min. The mixture was then transferred to a high-pressure reactor and reacted at 130°C for 17 h. After naturally cooling to 25°C, the mixture was placed in a centrifuge and centrifuged at 3000 r / min for 13 min. The mixture was washed alternately with deionized water and ethanol until the pH was 6.5, and dried in an oven at 55°C for 14 h to obtain modified titanium silicon particles. (3) 80 parts of base oil, 10 parts of modified titanium silicate particles, and 3 parts of Exxon PT8920 viscosity index improver were mixed evenly to prepare a low-viscosity lubricating oil.