Insulator cleaning agent and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an insulator cleaning agent as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and the insulator cleaning agent comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1-3 parts of a main cleaning agent, 5-10 parts of an insulation enhancer, 0.05-0.5 part of sodium azide and 100 parts of a solvent. The insulator cleaning agent disclosed by the invention can safely realize thorough cleaning of 500kV and above high-voltage-grade power transmission lines, and particularly has a good cleaning effect on composite dirt with an oily dirt layer as the bottom and electrolyte dirt as the surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of pollution flashover prevention for high-voltage transmission lines, and in particular to an insulator cleaning agent, a preparation method thereof, and applications thereof. Background Art

[0002] High-voltage transmission lines are exposed to industrial waste gas, seawater, and natural salt, alkali, and dust, which typically form a certain degree of contamination on the surfaces of their insulators. These contaminants, which contain salt, acid, and alkaline components, are generally water-soluble, but some areas may form oily contaminants. While oily contamination itself does not affect the insulating performance of the insulator, this oily contamination layer provides a good base for the adhesion of electrolyte contaminants, accelerating their accumulation on the insulator surface.

[0003] Insulators contaminated with this type of composite contamination (composite contamination, referred to as composite contamination, hereinafter referred to)—a layer of oily contamination on the bottom and electrolyte contamination on the surface—are susceptible to humid weather conditions such as fog and rain. This moistens the contamination layer on the insulator surface, increasing conductivity, degrading insulation performance, and dramatically increasing leakage current. This significantly reduces the flashover voltage, leading to the potential for pollution flashover. Once a pollution flashover occurs, it can directly lead to widespread and prolonged power outages for users, reducing power supply reliability and severely negatively impacting industrial and agricultural production and residential electricity consumption.

[0004] Currently, the most common method for cleaning insulators is manual cleaning during power outages. However, as transmission line capacity increases and power outages become increasingly difficult, the need for line availability is increasing, making manual cleaning during power outages increasingly difficult. Consequently, new live cleaning methods are gaining traction, with drone-based live water flushing, mobile live water flushing vehicles, and automated cleaning robots gradually gaining adoption on power transmission and transformation equipment. Live cleaning removes dirt by spraying cleaning agents onto the insulator surface with a high-pressure water gun. This method is not limited by power outage duration and does not impact the normal operation of the grid, offering significant economic and social benefits.

[0005] However, the existing charged cleaning technology has the problem of being unable to clean the composite dirt with an oily dirt layer at the bottom and electrolyte dirt at the surface. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an insulator cleaning agent that can be used for live cleaning to solve the problem that the existing live cleaning technology cannot effectively remove the combined contamination of oily contamination + electrolyte contamination on the surface of the insulator.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an insulator cleaning agent, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1 to 3 parts of a main cleaning agent, 5 to 10 parts of an insulation enhancer, 0.05-0.5 parts of sodium azide, and 100 parts of a solvent.

[0008] Furthermore, the main cleaning agent includes an amide compound.

[0009] Furthermore, the main cleaning agent includes heptafluorobutyramide or its isomers.

[0010] Furthermore, the insulation enhancer includes butyl acetate.

[0011] Furthermore, the composition of the insulator cleaning agent also includes 1 to 3 parts of a nonionic surfactant, and the nonionic surfactant includes polysorbate or its isomers.

[0012] Furthermore, the solvent includes desalted water, and the resistivity of the desalted water is greater than 16 MΩ.cm at 25°C.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the insulator cleaning agent as described above, comprising the steps of:

[0014] Mix 1-3 parts of heptafluorobutyramide, 5-10 parts of butyl acetate, 1-3 parts of polysorbate, and 100 parts of deionized water to obtain an intermediate solution;

[0015] 0.05 to 0.5 parts of sodium azide are added to the intermediate solution to obtain the insulator cleaning agent.

[0016] Furthermore, in the step of mixing 1-3 parts of heptafluorobutyramide, 5-10 parts of butyl acetate, 1-3 parts of polysorbate and 100 parts of desalted water to obtain an intermediate solution, the mixing is carried out at a rotation speed of 100-130 r / min for 6-12 minutes.

[0017] Furthermore, in the step of adding sodium azide to the intermediate liquid to obtain the insulator cleaning agent, the sodium azide is added and stirred at a speed of 20 to 30 r / min for 15 to 30 minutes to obtain the insulator cleaning agent.

[0018] The present invention provides an application of an insulator cleaning agent prepared by any of the preparation methods described above in insulator cleaning, comprising the steps of filtering the insulator cleaning agent, pressurizing it to 2.0-3.0 MPa, and spraying it onto the insulator at a speed of 5.0-10.0 m / s for cleaning.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] The present invention provides an insulator cleaning agent, the main components of which are as follows by mass: 1-3 parts of a main cleaning agent, 5-10 parts of an insulation enhancer, 0.05-0.5 parts of sodium azide, and 100 parts of a solvent. The sodium azide acts as a stripping agent, and its mechanism of action is as follows:

[0021] Sodium azide, whose molecular formula is NaN3, is dispersed in the cleaning agent in the form of powder. When the cleaning agent is sprayed onto the surface of the insulator through a high-pressure water gun, the sodium azide decomposes due to the violent impact and produces nitrogen gas. The reaction formula is as follows.

[0022] 2NaN3→2Na+3N2↑

[0023] The rapid release of nitrogen impacts the contaminants on the insulator surface, stripping away any tightly adhered contaminants. The resulting metallic sodium particles react violently with water, creating a secondary impact on the contaminants, further stripping away the contaminant layer.

[0024] 2Na+2H2O→2NaOH+H2↑

[0025] In addition, the NaOH generated by the reaction makes the cleaning agent weakly alkaline, which has a better dissolving effect on oily pollutants such as organic matter.

[0026] Sodium azide is used to treat complex contamination. The dual impact of nitrogen and sodium-water reaction combined with the oil-dissolving effect of sodium hydroxide synergistically achieves the targeted removal of complex contamination. In comparison, there is no cleaning agent in the commonly used charged cleaning technology that can completely remove complex contamination. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a physical picture of the insulator before the cleaning agent is applied in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a physical picture of the insulator after the cleaning agent is applied in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a physical picture of the insulator before the application of desalted water in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a physical picture of the insulator after the desalted water is applied in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a physical picture of the insulator before the cleaning agent prepared in Comparative Example 3 of the present invention is applied.

[0033] Figure 6This is a physical picture of the insulator after the cleaning agent prepared in Comparative Example 3 of the present invention is applied.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a physical picture of the insulator before the cleaning agent prepared in Comparative Example 4 of the present invention is applied.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a physical picture of the insulator after the cleaning agent prepared in Comparative Example 4 of the present invention is applied.

[0036] Figure 9 This is a physical picture of the discharge traces on the surface of the insulator in Comparative Example 5 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 10 This is a real picture of the cleaning agent in comparative example 6 of the present invention, showing obvious stratification.

[0038] The realization of the objectives, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0041] In addition, the terms "first," "second," and so on, used in this disclosure are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features.

[0042] Moreover, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but this must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in this field can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0043] The invention provides an insulator cleaning agent, which comprises the following components by mass: 1 to 3 parts of a main cleaning agent, 5 to 10 parts of an insulation enhancer, 0.05 to 0.5 parts of sodium azide, and 100 parts of a solvent.

[0044] In some embodiments, the main cleaning agent includes an amide compound.

[0045] In other embodiments, the main cleaning agent includes heptafluorobutyramide and its isomers.

[0046] Heptafluorobutamide, with the molecular formula CF3CF2CF2CONH2, replaces hydrogen atoms on hydrophobic carbon chains with fluorine atoms, introducing amide groups into the molecular chain. The fluorine substitution significantly reduces the surface tension of water due to the strong hydrophobicity of the C-F bond. While common surfactants on the market typically reduce the surface tension of water to approximately 35 dynes / cm, heptafluorobutamide can reduce it to less than 20 dynes / cm.

[0047] Due to the introduction of amide groups, this surfactant also exhibits excellent surface activity against oily substances, reducing the surface tension of hydrocarbon organic compounds to approximately 10 dynes / cm. Therefore, heptafluorobutyramide has excellent cleaning effects on both inorganic salt-based dirt and oily contaminants, and is particularly effective in treating complex contaminants with a base layer of oil.

[0048] In addition, since the bond energy of the CF bond is higher than that of the CH bond, heptafluorobutamide has good thermal stability and is not easy to decompose and become ineffective, ensuring that heptafluorobutamide can stably exert its cleaning effect even in a system where sodium azide decomposes and releases heat.

[0049] In some embodiments, the insulation enhancer includes butyl acetate, which has the molecular formula CH3COO(CH2)3CH3.

[0050] Butyl acetate is an organic solvent with good insulating properties and a resistivity of 1.7×10 9 Ω / cm, common organic solvents such as ethanol have a resistance value of 1.9×10 5 Ω / cm, the resistance of isopropyl alcohol is 2.0×10 7 Ω / cm. The good insulating properties of butyl acetate can improve the insulating properties of cleaning agents and prevent flashover breakdown of insulators during live cleaning.

[0051] In common technologies, conventional live flushing often uses high-resistivity pure water as the cleaning medium. However, for high-voltage transmission lines of 500kV and above, even the purest water cannot meet the line insulation requirements and may cause flashover tripping during the cleaning process. Based on the presence of butyl acetate in the present invention, the cleaning agent of the present invention can be effectively applied to high-voltage transmission lines of 500kV and above.

[0052] In some embodiments, the composition of the insulator cleaning agent further includes 1 to 3 parts of a nonionic surfactant, wherein the nonionic surfactant includes polysorbate and its isomers.

[0053] Polysorbate, whose molecular formula is C 64 H 126 O 26 , which can promote the dissolution of heptafluorobutamide and butyl acetate in water, ensuring that the components of the cleaning agent are evenly dispersed without stratification. At the same time, polysorbate itself is also a good non-ionic surfactant, which has a certain cleaning effect on the dirt on the surface of the insulator. Combined with the application of other reagents in the present invention (heptafluorobutamide, butyl acetate, sodium azide), the complex dirt is completely and evenly stripped.

[0054] Sodium azide, whose molecular formula is NaN3, is dispersed in the cleaning agent in the form of powder. When the cleaning agent is sprayed onto the surface of the insulator through a charged high-pressure water gun, the sodium azide decomposes due to the violent impact and produces nitrogen gas. The reaction formula is as follows:

[0055] 2NaN3→2Na+3N2↑

[0056] The rapid release of nitrogen impacts the contaminants on the insulator surface, stripping away any tightly adhered contaminants. The resulting metallic sodium particles react violently with water, creating a secondary impact on the contaminants, further stripping away the contaminant layer.

[0057] 2Na+2H2O→2NaOH+H2↑

[0058] In addition, the NaOH generated by the reaction makes the cleaning agent weakly alkaline, which has a better dissolving effect on oily pollutants such as organic matter.

[0059] Sodium azide is used to treat complex contamination. The dual impact of nitrogen and sodium-water reaction combined with the oil-dissolving effect of sodium hydroxide synergistically achieves the targeted removal of complex contamination. In comparison, there is no cleaning agent in the commonly used charged cleaning technology that can completely remove complex contamination.

[0060] The present invention controls the amount of sodium azide added to 0.05 to 0.5 parts to avoid the fire hazard caused by excessive hydrogen production. Since the amount of sodium azide added is only 0.05 to 0.5 parts, during the preparation of the cleaning agent, long-term and sufficient stirring can ensure that the sodium azide is evenly dispersed in the cleaning agent. The sodium azide is sparsely dispersed in the cleaning agent. In addition, the buffering effect of the main cleaning agent and the solvent of the liquid cleaning agent minimizes the possibility of collision between sodium azide molecules, thereby avoiding safety hazards and raw material loss. In some embodiments, the solvent includes deionized water, and the resistivity of the deionized water is greater than 16MΩ.cm at 25°C.

[0061] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the insulator cleaning agent as described above, comprising the steps of:

[0062] S1. Mix 1-3 parts of heptafluorobutyramide, 5-10 parts of butyl acetate, 1-3 parts of polysorbate, and 100 parts of deionized water to obtain an intermediate solution.

[0063] In some embodiments, the mixing is performed at a rotation speed of 120 r / min for 10 minutes.

[0064] S2. Adding sodium azide to the intermediate solution to obtain the insulator cleaning agent.

[0065] Since rapid stirring may cause sodium azide in the reaction system to collide with each other, and if such collisions are strong enough, sodium azide may decompose. Therefore, after the sodium azide is added, the speed can be controlled to 20-30 rpm and the stirring time can be controlled to 15-30 minutes.

[0066] The shelf life of the prepared cleaning agent is 1 year. It should be stored in a cool and ventilated place and should not be stored in places exposed to sunlight or high temperature.

[0067] The present invention also provides an application of an insulator cleaning agent prepared by any of the preparation methods described above in cleaning glass insulators, comprising the steps of: filtering and pressurizing the insulator cleaning agent to 2.0-3.0 MPa, delivering the agent to a spray gun through an air pipe, and spraying the agent onto the insulator at a speed of 5-10 m / s to clean a composite contamination layer having an oily contamination layer as the bottom layer and electrolyte contamination as the surface layer.

[0068] By setting the pressure intensity and speed when applying the insulator cleaning agent, it is possible to ensure that the insulation cleaning agent is fully mixed and the cleaning effect is uniform. At the same time, the sodium azide is induced to decompose to the greatest extent during the collision with the insulator. The generated nitrogen shock, the violent reaction between sodium and water, and the oil-dissolving ability of sodium hydroxide are utilized to achieve the stripping and removal of complex contamination.

[0069] The insulator cleaning agent of the present invention can be applied to live water washing, mobile live water washing vehicles, automatic cleaning robots and other live cleaning technologies.

[0070] In order to facilitate further understanding of the present invention, examples are given below:

[0071] Example 1

[0072] Combine 20g of heptafluorobutyramide, 100g of butyl acetate, 30g of polysorbate, and 1000mL of deionized water in a beaker and stir using a magnetic stirrer at 120 rpm for 10 minutes. Add 1g of sodium azide to the mixture and stir with a wooden stick at 20 rpm for 30 minutes to fully dissolve.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] The cleaning agent prepared in Example 1 was loaded into the water tank of a large-load live cleaning drone. After the cleaning agent was pressurized to 2.0 MPa, it was sprayed at a speed of 6 m / s through a high-pressure jet pump toward a 500 kV transmission line to perform live cleaning on the glass insulators. Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The photos of the surface of the insulator before and after live cleaning are respectively shown. By comparison, it can be seen that the cleaning agent prepared in Example 1 has a significant cleaning effect. After cleaning, the surface of the insulator is bright and clean, and no arcing or other phenomena occur during the cleaning process.

[0075] Comparative Example 1

[0076] The other steps in Example 2 remain unchanged, only the amount of sodium azide added is changed.

[0077] Combine 20g of heptafluorobutyramide, 100g of butyl acetate, 30g of polysorbate, and 1000mL of deionized water in a beaker and stir using a magnetic stirrer at 120 rpm for 10 minutes. Add 6g of sodium azide to the mixture and stir with a wooden stick at 20 rpm for 30 minutes. During stirring, it was found that the sodium azide powder, due to the excessive amount added, tended to clump and could not be properly dispersed in the detergent.

[0078] Comparative Example 2

[0079] The cleaning agent in Example 2 was replaced with desalted water, and the insulator was cleaned under voltage. The photos of the insulator before and after cleaning are as follows: Figure 3 、 Figure 4 By comparison, it can be seen that the decontamination effect of using only desalted water for cleaning is poor, and arcing occurs on the surface of the insulator during the cleaning process, which can easily lead to flashover of the insulator.

[0080] Comparative Example 3

[0081] The heptafluorobutyramide in Example 1 was replaced with an equal amount of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (APEO, a commonly used nonionic surfactant). The other components and preparation method were the same as those in Example 1. The prepared comparative cleaning agent was cleaned at the same pressure and flow rate as in Example 2. The photos of the insulator before and after cleaning are shown as follows: Figure 5 and Figure 6 By comparison, it can be seen that after the main cleaning agent is replaced with APEO, the cleaning effect is not good and there is still a lot of dirt on the surface that has not been removed.

[0082] Comparative Example 4

[0083] The sodium azide in Example 1 was replaced with an equal amount of deionized water. The other components and preparation methods were the same as those in Example 1. The prepared comparative cleaning agent was subjected to the same cleaning pressure and flow rate as in Example 2. The photos of the insulator before and after cleaning are shown as follows: Figure 7 and Figure 8 By comparison, it can be seen that the cleaning agent without sodium azide has a poor cleaning effect, and there is still a lot of stubborn dirt attached to the surface that has not been cleaned thoroughly.

[0084] Comparative Example 5

[0085] The butyl acetate in Example 1 was replaced with an equal amount of deionized water. The other components and preparation method were the same as in Example 1. The prepared comparative cleaning agent was cleaned at the same pressure and flow rate as in Example 2. The cleaning agent without butyl acetate had insufficient insulation strength. During the live cleaning process, flashover discharge occurred on the insulator. The discharge traces on the insulator surface are shown in the photo. Figure 9 shown.

[0086] Comparative Example 6

[0087] The polysorbate in Example 1 was replaced with an equal amount of deionized water, and the other components and preparation methods were the same as in Example 1. The cleaning agent after preparation had obvious stratification phenomenon, such as Figure 10 shown.

[0088] The above technical solutions of the present invention are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made by using the contents of the present invention's description and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An insulator cleaning agent, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1 to 3 parts of a main cleaning agent, 5 to 10 parts of an insulation enhancer, 0.05 to 0.5 parts of sodium azide and 100 parts of a solvent.

2. The insulator cleaning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main cleaning agent includes an amide compound. 3 . The insulator cleaning agent according to claim 2 , wherein the main cleaning agent comprises heptafluorobutyramide or its isomers.

4. The insulator cleaning agent according to claim 3, characterized in that: The insulation enhancer includes butyl acetate.

5. The insulator cleaning agent according to claim 4, characterized in that: The composition of the insulator cleaning agent also includes 1 to 3 parts of a nonionic surfactant, and the nonionic surfactant includes polysorbate or its isomers.

6. The insulator cleaning agent according to claim 5, characterized in that: The solvent includes deionized water, and the resistivity of the deionized water is greater than 16 MΩ·cm at 25°C.

7. A method for preparing the insulator cleaning agent according to claim 6, comprising the steps of: Mix 1-3 parts of heptafluorobutyramide, 5-10 parts of butyl acetate, 1-3 parts of polysorbate, and 100 parts of deionized water to obtain an intermediate solution; 0.05 to 0.5 parts of sodium azide are added to the intermediate solution to obtain the insulator cleaning agent.

8. The method for preparing the insulator cleaning agent according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step of mixing 1-3 parts of heptafluorobutyramide, 5-10 parts of butyl acetate, 1-3 parts of polysorbate and 100 parts of desalted water to obtain an intermediate solution, the mixing is carried out at a rotation speed of 100-130 r / min for 6-12 minutes.

9. The method for preparing the insulator cleaning agent according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step of adding sodium azide to the intermediate solution to obtain the insulator cleaning agent, the sodium azide is stirred at a speed of 20 to 30 r / min for 15 to 30 minutes after being added to obtain the insulator cleaning agent.

10. Use of the insulator cleaning agent prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 6 to 9 in insulator cleaning, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: filtering and pressurizing an insulator cleaning agent to 2.0-3.0 MPa, and then spraying the insulator at a speed of 5.0-10.0 m / s to clean the insulator.

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