High wear-resistant aluminum-copper alloy material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of metal materials, in particular to a high-wear-resistance aluminum-copper alloy material and a preparation method thereof. The aluminum-copper alloy plate is obtained by adding metal raw materials, boron and a refining agent. The high-hardness wear-resistant dispersion liquid is obtained by adding Al2O3-C, nano titanium dioxide, polyvinyl alcohol and ethanol. The hydrophobic dispersion liquid is obtained by adding a hydrophobic monomer, octadecyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, peroxylauric acid, polyvinyl alcohol, deionized water and ethanol. The wear-resistant hydrophobic dispersion liquid is obtained by adding ammonia water, deionized water, Al2O3-C, perfluorodecyl triethoxysilane and ethanol. The high-hardness wear-resistant dispersion liquid, the hydrophobic dispersion liquid and the wear-resistant hydrophobic dispersion liquid are sprayed onto the surface of the aluminum-copper alloy plate in sequence to obtain the high-wear-resistance aluminum-copper alloy material. The aluminum-copper alloy material obtained by the application has good wear resistance, hardness and corrosion resistance, and therefore has a wide application prospect in the technical field of metal materials.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of metal materials, and particularly relates to a high-wear-resistance aluminum-copper alloy material and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In today's rapidly developing modern industry and technology, aluminum-copper alloy materials have shown extremely high value due to their unique properties and play an irreplaceable role in many fields. In the field of aerospace, aluminum-copper alloy can effectively reduce the weight of aircraft due to its low density and high strength, thereby reducing energy consumption and improving flight efficiency. In the field of electronic devices, the good thermal and electrical conductivity of aluminum-copper alloy makes it an ideal material for manufacturing key components such as heat sinks and circuit boards of electronic devices, which helps to improve the performance and stability of electronic devices. In the field of construction, aluminum-copper alloy is widely used due to its aesthetic and durable characteristics. It can be used to manufacture building components such as doors, windows, and curtain walls, which not only improve the appearance quality of buildings, but also resist wind, rain, and sun exposure, and other natural environmental erosion, thereby prolonging the service life of buildings.

[0003] However, in some application fields, the aluminum-copper alloy parts such as pistons and gears of the motive are often in a high-speed running and frequent friction working environment. If the wear resistance is insufficient, it will quickly wear due to friction, resulting in reduced precision, shortened service life of parts, and even mechanical failure. In the application scenarios of bridge structures and automobile frames that bear high loads and strong stresses, aluminum-copper alloy needs to have sufficient strength to maintain structural integrity in complex mechanical environments and avoid deformation, fracture, and other failure phenomena caused by external forces, thereby ensuring the safe operation of equipment and structures. In addition, in the fields of marine and chemical industry, aluminum-copper alloy inevitably comes into contact with humid air, chemical media, and other corrosive environments, so the surface of the material aluminum-copper alloy is prone to rust and peeling, thereby reducing the service life of the material.

[0004] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present application provides a high-wear-resistance aluminum-copper alloy material and a preparation method thereof. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a high-wear-resistance aluminum-copper alloy material and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The application discloses a preparation method of a high-wear-resistance aluminum-copper alloy material.

[0008] More preferably, the specific preparation process of the three-layer coating on the surface of the high-wear-resistance aluminum-copper alloy material is as follows:

[0009] Step S1: Al2O3-C and nano-titanium dioxide are added into deionized water, and ultrasonic dispersion is carried out for 20-30 min; then polyvinyl alcohol is added and stirring is continued for 5-8 h to obtain a reaction slurry; the reaction slurry is sequentially subjected to spray granulation and sintering under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a reaction powder; the reaction powder is added into ethanol, and ultrasonic dispersion is carried out for 20-30 min to obtain a high-hardness wear-resistant dispersion liquid; and the high-hardness wear-resistant dispersion liquid is sprayed onto the surface of the aluminum-copper alloy plate to obtain a high-hardness wear-resistant layer.

[0010] Step S2: a hydrophobic monomer, octadecyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate and lauryl peroxide are mixed and ultrasonic dispersion is carried out for 8-10 min to obtain an oil phase; polyvinyl alcohol and deionized water are mixed and uniformly stirred to obtain an aqueous phase; under a nitrogen environment, the oil phase and the aqueous phase are mixed and dispersed by stirring at a speed of 350-450 rpm / min for 45-55 min, and then the temperature is increased to 70-75 DEG C for reaction for 7-9 h; after the reaction is completed, filtration, washing and drying are carried out to obtain hydrophobic modified microspheres; the hydrophobic modified microspheres are added into ethanol and ultrasonic dispersion is carried out for 20-30 min to obtain a hydrophobic dispersion liquid; and the hydrophobic dispersion liquid is sprayed onto the surface of the aluminum-copper alloy plate obtained in step S1 to obtain a hydrophobic layer.

[0011] Step S3: ammonia water and deionized water are mixed and fully stirred for 15-20 min, then Al2O3-C and perfluorodecyl triethoxysilane are added under continuous stirring, and stirring reaction is continued at 30-40 DEG C for 4-5 h; after the reaction is completed, washing and drying are carried out to obtain fluorinated Al2O3-C; the fluorinated Al2O3-C is added into ethanol and ultrasonic dispersion is carried out for 20-30 min to obtain a wear-resistant hydrophobic dispersion liquid; and the wear-resistant hydrophobic dispersion liquid is sprayed onto the surface of the aluminum-copper alloy plate obtained in step S2 to obtain a wear-resistant hydrophobic layer.

[0012] More preferably, the aluminum-copper alloy plate is prepared with the following component contents: Cu: 3.0-3.7% by mass, Mn: 0.5-0.7% by mass, Ti: 0.6-0.7% by mass, Sc: 0.2-0.6% by mass, Zr: 0.1-0.2% by mass, Cd: 0.2-0.4% by mass, B: 0.003-0.004% by mass, and the balance being aluminum and inevitable impurities.

[0013] More preferably, in step S1 or step S3, the Al2O3-C is prepared by adding hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes to an ethanol aqueous solution, ultrasonic dispersion for 2-3 h to obtain a carbon nanotube solution; adding 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane to an ethanol aqueous solution, then adjusting the pH to 4-5 using acetic acid, and fully stirring at 65-75°C for 1-2 h to obtain a silane coupling agent solution; adding nano-alumina to the carbon nanotube solution, fully stirring at 65-75°C for 7-8 h, then dropwise adding the silane coupling agent solution, and continuing ultrasonic dispersion for 1-2 h, and after the reaction is completed, centrifuging, washing, drying under vacuum, and grinding to obtain Al2O3-C.

[0014] More preferably, the mass-to-volume ratio of the hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes to the ethanol aqueous solution is (1.0-1.2) g:200 mL; the volume ratio of the 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane to the ethanol aqueous solution is (0.8-1.0):4; and the reaction mass ratio of the nano-alumina to the hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes is (4.5-5.0):1.

[0015] More preferably, in step S1, when preparing the reaction powder, the reaction mass ratio of the Al2O3-C to the nano-titania is (8.5-9.0):(1.0-1.3); the polyvinyl alcohol is 1-3 wt% of the amount of Al2O3-C; the spray granulation process parameters are: a pressure of 0.3-0.4 MPa and a temperature of 220-250°C; and the holding sintering process parameters are: first holding sintering at 150-170°C for 20-30 min, then holding sintering at 270-290°C for 20-30 min, and finally holding sintering at 1200-1300°C for 3-4 h.

[0016] More preferably, in step S2, the hydrophobic monomer is prepared by adding octadecyl primary amine and triethylamine to N-methyl pyrrolidone under a nitrogen environment, stirring and dissolving, then dropwise adding acryloyl chloride, continuing stirring and reaction at 50-60°C for 15-20 h, and after the reaction is completed, precipitating, filtering, recrystallizing, and drying to obtain the hydrophobic monomer; wherein the reaction molar ratio of the octadecyl primary amine to the acryloyl chloride is 1:(1.1-1.2).

[0017] More preferably, in step S2, when preparing the hydrophobic modified microspheres, the content of each component is as follows: 10-12 parts by mass of hydrophobic monomer, 8-10 parts of octadecyl methacrylate, 25-30 parts of methyl methacrylate, 1-1.2 parts of peroxylauric acid, 1-1.2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, and 130-140 parts of deionized water.

[0018] More preferably, in step S3, the mass-volume ratio of Al2O3-C, perfluorodecyl triethoxysilane, ammonia, and deionized water is (0.5-0.8) g:(1.0-1.2) mL:15 mL:40 mL.

[0019] The present application has the following advantages:

[0020] The present application has the following advantages:

[0021] In step S1, first, an alumina-coated carbon nanotube material (Al2O3-C) is obtained by adding hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes, 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, and nano-alumina. The amino group of 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane reacts with the carboxyl group on the surface of the carbon nanotube to form an amide, and the ethoxyl group of 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane can react with nano-alumina, thereby coating the nano-alumina on the surface of the carbon nanotube. Then, using Al2O3-C, nano-titanium dioxide, and polyvinyl alcohol as raw materials, a reaction powder is obtained by ultrasonic dispersion, spray granulation, and sintering in a nitrogen atmosphere. Spraying the high-hardness wear-resistant dispersion liquid prepared from the reaction powder onto the surface of an aluminum-copper alloy plate can obtain a high-hardness wear-resistant ceramic layer.

[0022] In step S2, first, a hydrophobic monomer is prepared by adding octadecyl primary amine, triethylamine, acryloyl chloride, the hydrophobic monomer has C=C, so it can be mixed with octadecyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, dodecanoyl peroxide as an oil phase, and a water phase is added, and in-situ polymerization occurs under the action of an initiator, and finally a hydrophobic modified microsphere is obtained. The octadecyl primary amine and the octadecyl methacrylate both have long carbon chains, and the long carbon chains have strong hydrophobicity, so the microsphere obtained by polymerization also has excellent hydrophobicity. Therefore, the hydrophobic modified microsphere is prepared into a hydrophobic dispersion liquid and sprayed onto the surface of the aluminum-copper alloy plate obtained in step S1, so that a hydrophobic layer with excellent hydrophobicity is obtained.

[0023] In step S3, a wear-resistant hydrophobic dispersion liquid is obtained by adding ammonia water, deionized water, Al2O3-C, perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane and ethanol; the wear-resistant hydrophobic dispersion liquid is sprayed onto the surface of the aluminum-copper alloy plate obtained in step S2 to obtain a wear-resistant hydrophobic layer, and finally a high-wear-resistant aluminum-copper alloy material is obtained. The present application sets a composite coating structure (high-hardness wear-resistant layer-hydrophobic layer-wear-resistant hydrophobic layer) on the surface of the aluminum-copper alloy plate, and obtains a high-wear-resistant aluminum-copper alloy material; the three layers of the composite coating structure form a gradient protection system. From the inside to the outside, the hardness, wear resistance and hydrophobicity are gradually optimized, so that the material can adapt to different degrees of friction and corrosion environment. The high-hardness wear-resistant layer provides basic wear-resistant support, the hydrophobic layer blocks the corrosion medium, and the wear-resistant hydrophobic layer provides more comprehensive protection. This gradient structure greatly improves the comprehensive performance and reliability of the material, and the stability and durability of the whole coating structure are improved through the cooperation between the coating layers. The synergistic effect significantly prolongs the service life of the whole composite coating. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0025] Raw material sources:

[0026] The refining agent is provided by Dongying Xiwang Chemical Co., Ltd., the model is XW-8871; the hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotube is provided by Zhongke Leiming (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd., the tube diameter is 10 nm; the nano-aluminum oxide is provided by Qinghe Chaotaie Metal Material Co., Ltd., the particle size is 2000 mesh; the nano-titanium dioxide is provided by Hangzhou Jiupeng New Material Co., Ltd., the particle size is 30 nm; the polyvinyl alcohol is provided by Inner Mongolia Meiguan Environmental Protection Products Co., Ltd., the model is industrial grade; one part is 1 g in terms of mass fraction.

[0027] Example 1: Step S1: mix the metal raw materials, heat and melt at 450℃, then increase the temperature to 900℃ and keep for 3h, then add boron and continue stirring for 30min, then add a refining agent and continue stirring for 20min, after the reaction is completed, stand for 20min, then pour to obtain an aluminum-copper alloy plate; when preparing the aluminum-copper alloy plate, the content of each component is as follows: Cu: 3.7%, Mn: 0.7%, Ti: 0.7%, Sc: 0.6%, Zr: 0.2%, Cd: 0.4%, B: 0.004%, the balance being aluminum and unavoidable impurities;

[0028] Step S2: add hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes to an ethanol aqueous solution and ultrasonically disperse for 3h to obtain a carbon nanotube solution; add 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane to an ethanol aqueous solution, then use acetic acid to adjust the pH to 5, and fully stir at 75℃ for 2h to obtain a silane coupling agent solution; add nano-aluminum oxide to the carbon nanotube solution, fully stir at 75℃ for 8h, then drop the silane coupling agent solution, and continue to ultrasonically disperse for 2h, after the reaction is completed, centrifuge, wash, dry in vacuum, and grind to obtain Al2O3-C; the mass-volume ratio of the hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes and the ethanol aqueous solution is 1.1g:200mL; the volume ratio of the 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane and the ethanol aqueous solution is 0.9:4; the reaction mass ratio of the nano-aluminum oxide and the hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes is 4.7:1;

[0029] Add Al2O3-C and nano-titanium dioxide to deionized water, ultrasonically disperse for 30min, then add polyvinyl alcohol and continue to stir for 8h to obtain a reaction slurry; then the reaction slurry is successively subjected to spray granulation and sintering under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a reaction powder; add the reaction powder to ethanol, ultrasonically disperse for 30min to obtain a high-hardness wear-resistant dispersion liquid; spray the high-hardness wear-resistant dispersion liquid onto the surface of the aluminum-copper alloy plate obtained in step S1 to obtain a high-hardness wear-resistant layer; when preparing the reaction powder, the reaction mass ratio of Al2O3-C and nano-titanium dioxide is 8.7:1.1; the amount of polyvinyl alcohol is 2wt% of the amount of Al2O3-C; the spray granulation process parameters are: pressure 0.4MPa, temperature 250℃; the sintering process parameters are: first sintering at 170℃ for 30min, then sintering at 290℃ for 30min, and finally sintering at 1300℃ for 4h;

[0030] Step S3: under a nitrogen atmosphere, add octadecyl primary amine and triethylamine to N-methyl pyrrolidone, after stirring and dissolving, drop acryloyl chloride, continue to stir and react at 60℃ for 20h, after the reaction is completed, precipitate, filter, recrystallize, and dry to obtain a hydrophobic monomer; the reaction molar ratio of octadecyl primary amine and acryloyl chloride is 1:1.15;

[0031] Mix 11 g of hydrophobic monomer, 9 g of octadecyl methacrylate, 28 g of methyl methacrylate, and 1.1 g of dodecanoyl peroxide, and ultrasonically disperse for 10 min to obtain an oil phase; mix 1.1 g of polyvinyl alcohol and 135 g of deionized water, and stir uniformly to obtain an aqueous phase; under a nitrogen environment, mix the oil phase and the aqueous phase, and stir and disperse at a speed of 450 rpm / min for 55 min, and then heat to 75°C and react for 9 h; after the reaction is completed, filter, wash, and dry to obtain hydrophobically modified microspheres; add the hydrophobically modified microspheres to ethanol, and ultrasonically disperse for 30 min to obtain a hydrophobic dispersion; spray the hydrophobic dispersion onto the surface of the aluminum-copper alloy plate obtained in step S2 to obtain a hydrophobic layer;

[0032] Step S4: Mix ammonia water and deionized water, and stir thoroughly for 20 min, and then add Al2O3-C and perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane under constant stirring, continue to stir and react at 40°C for 5 h, and after the reaction is completed, wash and dry to obtain fluorinated Al2O3-C; add the fluorinated Al2O3-C to ethanol, and ultrasonically disperse for 30 min to obtain a wear-resistant hydrophobic dispersion; spray the wear-resistant hydrophobic dispersion onto the surface of the aluminum-copper alloy plate obtained in step S3 to obtain a wear-resistant hydrophobic layer, and finally obtain a high-wear-resistant aluminum-copper alloy material; the mass / volume ratio of Al2O3-C, perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane, ammonia water, and deionized water is 0.7 g:1.1 mL:15 mL:40 mL.

[0033] Example 2: Step S1: Mix metal raw materials, heat and melt at 400°C, and then heat to 870°C and keep for 2.5 h, and then add boron and continue to stir for 25 min, and then add a refining agent and continue to stir for 17 min, and after the reaction is completed, stand for 17 min, and then pour to obtain an aluminum-copper alloy plate; when the aluminum-copper alloy plate is prepared, the content of each component is as follows: in terms of mass fraction, Cu: 3.7%, Mn: 0.7%, Ti: 0.7%, Sc: 0.6%, Zr: 0.2%, Cd: 0.4%, B: 0.004%, and the balance is aluminum and unavoidable impurities;

[0034] Step S2: hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes were added to an aqueous ethanol solution and ultrasonically dispersed for 2.5 h to obtain a carbon nanotube solution; 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane was added to an aqueous ethanol solution, acetic acid was used to adjust the pH to 4.5, and the mixture was fully stirred at 70°C for 1.5 h to obtain a silane coupling agent solution; nano-alumina was added to the carbon nanotube solution, the mixture was fully stirred at 70°C for 7.5 h, the silane coupling agent solution was added dropwise, and the mixture was ultrasonically dispersed for 1.5 h; after the reaction was completed, centrifugation, washing, washing, vacuum drying, and grinding were performed to obtain Al2O3-C; the mass-volume ratio of the hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes to the aqueous ethanol solution was 1.1 g:200 mL; the volume ratio of the 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane to the aqueous ethanol solution was 0.9:4; and the reaction mass ratio of the nano-alumina to the hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes was 4.7:1;

[0035] Al2O3-C and nano-titania were added to deionized water, ultrasonically dispersed for 25 min, and then polyvinyl alcohol was added and the mixture was continuously stirred for 7 h to obtain a reaction slurry; the reaction slurry was then sequentially subjected to spray granulation and sintering under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a reaction powder; the reaction powder was added to ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed for 25 min to obtain a high-hardness wear-resistant dispersion liquid; the high-hardness wear-resistant dispersion liquid was sprayed onto the surface of the aluminum-copper alloy plate obtained in step S1 to obtain a high-hardness wear-resistant layer; when the reaction powder was prepared, the reaction mass ratio of Al2O3-C to nano-titania was 8.7:1.1; the amount of polyvinyl alcohol was 2 wt% of the amount of Al2O3-C; the spray granulation process parameters were a pressure of 0.35 MPa and a temperature of 240°C; and the sintering process parameters were sintering at 160°C for 25 min, sintering at 280°C for 25 min, and finally sintering at 1250°C for 3.5 h;

[0036] Step S3: under a nitrogen atmosphere, octadecyl primary amine and triethylamine were added to N-methyl pyrrolidone, the mixture was stirred and dissolved, and then acryloyl chloride was added dropwise, the mixture was continuously stirred at 55°C for 17 h, and after the reaction was completed, precipitation, filtration, recrystallization, and drying were performed to obtain a hydrophobic monomer; the reaction molar ratio of octadecyl primary amine to acryloyl chloride was 1:1.15;

[0037] 1.1 g of polyvinyl alcohol and 135 g of deionized water were mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain an aqueous phase; under a nitrogen atmosphere, the oil phase and the aqueous phase were mixed and dispersed by stirring at a speed of 400 rpm / min for 50 min, and then the temperature was increased to 72°C and the mixture was reacted for 8 h; after the reaction was completed, filtration, washing, and drying were performed to obtain hydrophobically modified microspheres; the hydrophobically modified microspheres were added to ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed for 25 min to obtain a hydrophobic dispersion liquid; the hydrophobic dispersion liquid was sprayed onto the surface of the aluminum-copper alloy plate obtained in step S2 to obtain a hydrophobic layer.

[0038] Step S4: mixing ammonia water and deionized water, stirring for 18 min, then adding Al2O3-C and perfluorodecyl triethoxysilane under stirring, continuing to stir at 35℃ for 4.5 h, after the reaction is completed, washing and drying to obtain fluorinated Al2O3-C; adding fluorinated Al2O3-C into ethanol, ultrasonic dispersion for 25 min to obtain a wear-resistant hydrophobic dispersion liquid; spraying the wear-resistant hydrophobic dispersion liquid to the surface of the aluminum-copper alloy plate obtained in step S3 to obtain a wear-resistant hydrophobic layer, and finally obtaining a high-wear-resistant aluminum-copper alloy material; the mass-volume ratio of Al2O3-C, perfluorodecyl triethoxysilane, ammonia water and deionized water is 0.7 g:1.1 mL:15 mL:40 mL.

[0039] Example 3: Step S1: mixing metal raw materials, heating and melting at 350℃, then heating to 850℃ and keeping for 2 h, then adding boron and continuing to stir for 20 min, then adding a refining agent and continuing to stir for 15 min, after the reaction is completed, standing for 15 min, then pouring to obtain an aluminum-copper alloy plate; when preparing the aluminum-copper alloy plate, the content of each component is as follows: Cu: 3.7%, Mn: 0.7%, Ti: 0.7%, Sc: 0.6%, Zr: 0.2%, Cd: 0.4%, B: 0.004%, and the balance is aluminum and unavoidable impurities;

[0040] Step S2: adding hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes to an ethanol aqueous solution, ultrasonic dispersion for 2 h to obtain a carbon nanotube solution; adding 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane to an ethanol aqueous solution, then using acetic acid to adjust the pH to 4, stirring at 65℃ for 1 h to obtain a silane coupling agent solution; adding nano-alumina to the carbon nanotube solution, stirring at 65℃ for 7 h, then adding the silane coupling agent solution dropwise, continuing to ultrasonic dispersion for 1 h, after the reaction is completed, centrifuging, washing, drying in vacuum and grinding to obtain Al2O3-C; the mass-volume ratio of hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes and the ethanol aqueous solution is 1.1 g:200 mL; the volume ratio of 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane and the ethanol aqueous solution is 0.9:4; the reaction mass ratio of nano-alumina and hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes is 4.7:1;

[0041] The Al2O3-C and nano-titanium dioxide are added into deionized water and ultrasonic dispersed for 20 min, then polyvinyl alcohol is added and stirred for 5 h to obtain a reaction slurry; the reaction slurry is sequentially subjected to spray granulation and sintering under nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a reaction powder; the reaction powder is added into ethanol and ultrasonic dispersed for 20 min to obtain a high-hardness wear-resistant dispersion liquid; the high-hardness wear-resistant dispersion liquid is sprayed onto the surface of the aluminum-copper alloy plate obtained in step S1 to obtain a high-hardness wear-resistant layer; when the reaction powder is prepared, the mass ratio of Al2O3-C to nano-titanium dioxide is 8.7:1.1; the amount of polyvinyl alcohol is 2 wt% of the amount of Al2O3-C; the spray granulation process parameters are: pressure 0.3 MPa and temperature 220 ℃; the sintering process parameters are: sintering at 150 ℃ for 20 min, then sintering at 270 ℃ for 20 min, and finally sintering at 1200 ℃ for 3 h;

[0042] Step S3: under a nitrogen environment, octadecyl primary amine and triethylamine are added into N-methyl pyrrolidone, after stirring and dissolving, acryloyl chloride is added dropwise, and stirring is continued at 50 ℃ for 15 h; after the reaction is completed, precipitation, filtration, recrystallization and drying are performed to obtain a hydrophobic monomer; the reaction molar ratio of octadecyl primary amine to acryloyl chloride is 1:1.15;

[0043] The 11 g of hydrophobic monomer, 9 g of octadecyl methacrylate, 28 g of methyl methacrylate and 1.1 g of dodecanoyl peroxide are mixed and ultrasonic dispersed for 8 min to obtain an oil phase; 1.1 g of polyvinyl alcohol and 135 g of deionized water are mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain an aqueous phase; under a nitrogen environment, the oil phase and the aqueous phase are mixed and dispersed at a stirring speed of 350 rpm / min for 45 min, and then the temperature is increased to 70 ℃ for reaction for 7 h; after the reaction is completed, filtration, washing and drying are performed to obtain hydrophobic modified microspheres; the hydrophobic modified microspheres are added into ethanol and ultrasonic dispersed for 20 min to obtain a hydrophobic dispersion liquid; the hydrophobic dispersion liquid is sprayed onto the surface of the aluminum-copper alloy plate obtained in step S2 to obtain a hydrophobic layer;

[0044] Step S4: ammonia water and deionized water are mixed and stirred for 15 min, and then Al2O3-C and perfluorodecyl triethoxysilane are added under continuous stirring, and stirring is continued at 30 ℃ for 4 h; after the reaction is completed, washing and drying are performed to obtain fluorinated Al2O3-C; the fluorinated Al2O3-C is added into ethanol and ultrasonic dispersed for 20 min to obtain a wear-resistant hydrophobic dispersion liquid; the wear-resistant hydrophobic dispersion liquid is sprayed onto the surface of the aluminum-copper alloy plate obtained in step S3 to obtain a wear-resistant hydrophobic layer, and finally a high-wear-resistant aluminum-copper alloy material is obtained; the mass-volume ratio of Al2O3-C, perfluorodecyl triethoxysilane, ammonia water and deionized water is 0.7 g:1.1 mL:15 mL:40 mL.

[0045] Comparative Example 1: Remove the wear-resistant hydrophobic layer, the rest is the same as Example 1, the specific steps are as follows: Step S1: mix the metal raw materials, heat and melt at 450℃, then increase the temperature to 900℃ and keep for 3h, then add boron and continue to stir for 30min, then add a refining agent and continue to stir for 20min, after the reaction is completed, stand for 20min, then pour to obtain an aluminum-copper alloy plate; when preparing the aluminum-copper alloy plate, the content of each component is as follows: in terms of mass fraction, Cu: 3.7%, Mn: 0.7%, Ti: 0.7%, Sc: 0.6%, Zr: 0.2%, Cd: 0.4%, B: 0.004%, and the balance is aluminum and unavoidable impurities;

[0046] Step S2: add hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes to an ethanol aqueous solution and ultrasonically disperse for 3h to obtain a carbon nanotube solution; add 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane to an ethanol aqueous solution, then use acetic acid to adjust the pH to 5, and fully stir at 75℃ for 2h to obtain a silane coupling agent solution; add nano-aluminum oxide to the carbon nanotube solution, fully stir at 75℃ for 8h, then drop the silane coupling agent solution, and continue to ultrasonically disperse for 2h, after the reaction is completed, centrifuge, wash, dry in vacuum, and grind to obtain Al2O3-C; the mass-volume ratio of the hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes and the ethanol aqueous solution is 1.1g:200mL; the volume ratio of the 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane and the ethanol aqueous solution is 0.9:4; and the reaction mass ratio of the nano-aluminum oxide and the hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes is 4.7:1;

[0047] Add Al2O3-C and nano-titanium dioxide to deionized water and ultrasonically disperse for 30min, then add polyvinyl alcohol and continue to stir for 8h to obtain a reaction slurry; then the reaction slurry is sequentially subjected to spray granulation and sintering under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a reaction powder; add the reaction powder to ethanol and ultrasonically disperse for 30min to obtain a high-hardness wear-resistant dispersion liquid; spray the high-hardness wear-resistant dispersion liquid to the surface of the aluminum-copper alloy plate obtained in step S1 to obtain a high-hardness wear-resistant layer; when preparing the reaction powder, the reaction mass ratio of Al2O3-C and nano-titanium dioxide is 8.7:1.1; the polyvinyl alcohol is 2wt% of the amount of Al2O3-C; the spray granulation process parameters are: pressure of 0.4MPa and temperature of 250℃; and the sintering process parameters are: first sintering at 170℃ for 30min, then sintering at 290℃ for 30min, and finally sintering at 1300℃ for 4h;

[0048] Step S3: under a nitrogen environment, add octadecyl primary amine and triethylamine to N-methyl pyrrolidone, stir and dissolve, then drop acryloyl chloride, continue to stir and react at 60℃ for 20h, after the reaction is completed, precipitate, filter, recrystallize, and dry to obtain a hydrophobic monomer; the reaction molar ratio of octadecyl primary amine and acryloyl chloride is 1:1.15;

[0049] Mix 11 g of hydrophobic monomer, 9 g of octadecyl methacrylate, 28 g of methyl methacrylate, 1.1 g of dodecanoyl peroxide, and ultrasonically disperse for 10 min to obtain an oil phase; mix 1.1 g of polyvinyl alcohol and 135 g of deionized water, and stir to obtain a water phase; mix the oil phase and the water phase under a nitrogen environment, and stir and disperse at a speed of 450 rpm / min for 55 min, then heat to 75°C and react for 9 h; after the reaction is completed, filter, wash, and dry to obtain hydrophobically modified microspheres; add the hydrophobically modified microspheres to ethanol, ultrasonically disperse for 30 min, and obtain a hydrophobic dispersion; spray the hydrophobic dispersion onto the surface of the aluminum-copper alloy plate obtained in step S2 to obtain a hydrophobic layer, and finally obtain a high-wear-resistant aluminum-copper alloy material.

[0050] Comparative Example 2: Remove the hydrophobic layer and the wear-resistant hydrophobic layer, and the rest is the same as in Example 1, and the specific steps are as follows: Step S1: Mix the metal raw materials, heat and melt at 450°C, then heat to 900°C and react for 3 h, then add boron and continue to stir for 30 min, then add a refining agent and continue to stir for 20 min, let stand for 20 min after the reaction is completed, and then pour to obtain an aluminum-copper alloy plate; when preparing the aluminum-copper alloy plate, the content of each component is as follows: Cu: 3.7%, Mn: 0.7%, Ti: 0.7%, Sc: 0.6%, Zr: 0.2%, Cd: 0.4%, B: 0.004%, and the balance is aluminum and unavoidable impurities;

[0051] Step S2: Add the hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes to an ethanol aqueous solution, and ultrasonically disperse for 3 h to obtain a carbon nanotube solution; add 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane to an ethanol aqueous solution, then use acetic acid to adjust the pH to 5, and fully stir at 75°C for 2 h to obtain a silane coupling agent solution; add the nano-aluminum oxide to the carbon nanotube solution, fully stir at 75°C for 8 h, then drop the silane coupling agent solution, and continue to ultrasonically disperse for 2 h; after the reaction is completed, centrifuge, wash, dry, and grind to obtain Al2O3-C; the mass-volume ratio of the hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes and the ethanol aqueous solution is 1.1 g:200 mL; the volume ratio of the 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane and the ethanol aqueous solution is 0.9:4; and the reaction mass ratio of the nano-aluminum oxide and the hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes is 4.7:1;

[0052] The Al2O3-C and nano titanium dioxide are added into deionized water, ultrasonic dispersion is carried out for 30 min, polyvinyl alcohol is further added and stirring is continued for 8 h to obtain a reaction slurry; the reaction slurry is sequentially subjected to spray granulation and heat preservation sintering in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a reaction powder; the reaction powder is added into ethanol, ultrasonic dispersion is carried out for 30 min to obtain a high-hardness wear-resistant dispersion liquid; the high-hardness wear-resistant dispersion liquid is sprayed onto the surface of the aluminum-copper alloy plate obtained in step S1 to obtain a high-hardness wear-resistant layer, and finally an aluminum-copper alloy material with high wear resistance is obtained; when the reaction powder is prepared, the mass ratio of Al2O3-C to nano titanium dioxide is 8.7:1.1; the amount of polyvinyl alcohol is 2 wt% of the amount of Al2O3-C; the process parameters of spray granulation are that the pressure is 0.4 MPa and the temperature is 250 ℃; the process parameters of heat preservation sintering are that heat preservation sintering is first carried out at 170 ℃ for 30 min, then heat preservation sintering is carried out at 290 ℃ for 30 min, and finally heat preservation sintering is carried out at 1300 ℃ for 4 h.

[0053] Comparative Example 3: The high-hardness wear-resistant layer, the hydrophobic layer and the wear-resistant hydrophobic layer are all removed, and the rest is the same as in Example 1, and the specific steps are as follows: step S1: the metal raw materials are mixed, heated and melted at 450 ℃, then heated and reacted at 900 ℃ for 3 h, then boron is added and stirring is continued for 30 min, then a refining agent is added and stirring is continued for 20 min, after the reaction is completed, the mixture is left to stand for 20 min, and then the aluminum-copper alloy plate is obtained by pouring; when the aluminum-copper alloy plate is prepared, the content of each component is as follows: in terms of mass fraction, Cu: 3.7%, Mn: 0.7%, Ti: 0.7%, Sc: 0.6%, Zr: 0.2%, Cd: 0.4%, B: 0.004%, and the balance is aluminum and unavoidable impurities.

[0054] Detection test:

[0055] Hardness test: the aluminum-copper alloy materials prepared in the examples and comparative examples of the present application are used as samples, an MC010-HVS-1000Z type microhardness tester is used, a load of 10 N is applied for 30 s, and the average value of three tests is taken.

[0056] Wear resistance test: the aluminum-copper alloy materials prepared in the examples and comparative examples of the present application are used as samples, a WWM-A vertical universal friction and wear testing machine is used, a load of 600 N is applied, the load rate is set to 900 r / min, the wear length is 20,000 m, the environmental medium is 68EP refrigerated oil lubrication state, and the average value of three tests is taken.

[0057] Corrosion resistance test: the aluminum-copper alloy materials prepared in the examples and comparative examples of the present application are used as samples, the samples are immersed in a 40 wt% sodium chloride solution for 20 days, then the surface of the sample is cleaned, the sample is weighed, the mass before and after immersion of the sample is brought into the formula, the corrosion rate is calculated, and the average value of three tests is taken. The results are as follows:

[0058]

[0059] Conclusion: The amount of Example 1-Example 3 is unchanged, only modify part of the reaction parameters. From the experimental data, the performance of the sample has no significant fluctuations.

[0060] Comparative Example 1: Remove the wear-resistant hydrophobic layer, the rest is the same as Example 1, from the experimental data, compared with Example 1, the Vickers hardness is reduced to 173HV, the wear rate is increased to 0.72×10 -6 (mm 3 ) / m, the corrosion rate is increased to 10.5mg / (m 2 ·h), the analysis reason is: by fluorination modification of Al2O3-C, the wear-resistant hydrophobic layer is obtained, so the wear-resistant hydrophobic layer has excellent hardness, wear resistance and hydrophobic corrosion resistance, therefore, after removing the wear-resistant hydrophobic layer, the Vickers hardness is reduced, the wear rate is increased, and the corrosion rate is increased.

[0061] Comparative Example 2: Remove the hydrophobic layer, wear-resistant hydrophobic layer, the rest is the same as Example 1, from the experimental data, compared with Example 1, the Vickers hardness is reduced to 167HV, the wear rate is increased to 0.78×10 -6 (mm 3 ) / m, the corrosion rate is increased to 13.3mg / (m 2 ·h), the analysis reason is: on the basis of Comparative Example 1, the hydrophobic layer (containing a large amount of hydrophobic long carbon chain) is further removed, so the corrosion rate continues to rise, and the corrosion resistance is further reduced.

[0062] Comparative Example 3: Remove the high-hardness wear-resistant layer, hydrophobic layer, wear-resistant hydrophobic layer, from the experimental data, compared with Example 1, the Vickers hardness is reduced to 143HV, the wear rate is increased to 1.28×10 -6 (mm 3 ) / m, the corrosion rate is increased to 17.9mg / (m 2 ·h), the analysis reason is: on the basis of Comparative Example 2, the high-hardness wear-resistant layer (composite structure of alumina-coated carbon nanotube and nanometer titanium dioxide) is further removed, so the hardness is further reduced, the wear rate is further increased, and the corrosion rate is further increased.

[0063] It is to be noted that, in the present text, relational terms such as first and second and the like can be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned only constitutes preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like of the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can still be made. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a high wear-resistant aluminum-copper alloy material, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Metal raw materials are mixed and melted at 350-450℃, then heated to 850-900℃ and held for 2-3 hours. Boron is then added and stirring continues for 20-30 minutes. A refining agent is then added and stirring continues for 15-20 minutes. After the reaction is complete, the mixture is allowed to stand for 15-20 minutes and then cast to obtain an aluminum-copper alloy plate. A high-wear-resistant aluminum-copper alloy material is obtained by sequentially preparing a high-hardness wear-resistant layer, a hydrophobic layer, and a wear-resistant hydrophobic layer on the surface of the aluminum-copper alloy plate. When preparing the aluminum-copper alloy plate, the content of each component is as follows (by mass fraction): Cu: 3.0-3.7%, Mn: 0.5-0.7%, Ti: 0.6-0.7%, Sc: 0.2-0.6%, Zr: 0.1-0.2%, Cd: 0.2-0.4%, B: 0.003-0.004%, with the balance being aluminum and unavoidable impurities. The specific preparation process of the three-layer coating on the surface of high wear-resistant aluminum-copper alloy materials is as follows: Step S1: Add Al2O3-C and nano-titanium dioxide to deionized water, ultrasonically disperse for 20-30 min, then add polyvinyl alcohol and continue stirring for 5-8 h to obtain a reaction slurry; then spray granulate the reaction slurry and sinter it under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a reaction powder; add the reaction powder to ethanol and ultrasonically disperse for 20-30 min to obtain a high-hardness wear-resistant dispersion; spray the high-hardness wear-resistant dispersion onto the surface of the aluminum-copper alloy plate to obtain a high-hardness wear-resistant layer; Step S2: Mix the hydrophobic monomer, octadecyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, and dodecyl peroxide, and ultrasonically disperse for 8-10 min to obtain the oil phase; mix polyvinyl alcohol and deionized water, and stir until homogeneous to obtain the aqueous phase; under nitrogen atmosphere, mix the oil phase and aqueous phase, and stir and disperse at 350-450 rpm / min for 45-55 min, then heat to 70-75℃ and react for 7-9 h. After the reaction, filter, wash, and dry to obtain hydrophobic modified microspheres; add the hydrophobic modified microspheres to ethanol and ultrasonically disperse for 20-30 min to obtain a hydrophobic dispersion; spray the hydrophobic dispersion onto the surface of the aluminum-copper alloy plate obtained in step S1 to obtain a hydrophobic layer; Step S3: Mix ammonia and deionized water and stir thoroughly for 15-20 min. Then, add Al2O3-C and perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane while stirring continuously. Continue stirring and react for 4-5 h at 30-40 °C. After the reaction is complete, wash and dry to obtain fluorinated Al2O3-C. Add fluorinated Al2O3-C to ethanol and ultrasonically disperse for 20-30 min to obtain a wear-resistant hydrophobic dispersion. Spray the wear-resistant hydrophobic dispersion onto the surface of the aluminum-copper alloy plate obtained in step S2 to obtain a wear-resistant hydrophobic layer.

2. The method for preparing a high wear-resistant aluminum-copper alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1 or step S3, the preparation process of Al2O3-C is as follows: hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes are added to an ethanol aqueous solution and ultrasonically dispersed for 2-3 hours to obtain a carbon nanotube solution; 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is added to an ethanol aqueous solution, and the pH is adjusted to 4-5 with acetic acid, and stirred thoroughly at 65-75℃ for 1-2 hours to obtain a silane coupling agent solution; nano-alumina is added to the carbon nanotube solution and stirred thoroughly at 65-75℃ for 7-8 hours, and then the silane coupling agent solution is added dropwise, and ultrasonic dispersion is continued for 1-2 hours. After the reaction is completed, Al2O3-C is obtained by centrifugation, washing, vacuum drying, and grinding.

3. The method for preparing a high wear-resistant aluminum-copper alloy material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass-to-volume ratio of hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes to ethanol aqueous solution was (1.0-1.2) g: 200 mL; the volume ratio of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to ethanol aqueous solution was (0.8-1.0): 4; and the reaction mass ratio of nano-alumina to hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes was (4.5-5.0):

1.

4. The method for preparing a high wear-resistant aluminum-copper alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, when preparing the reactive powder, the reaction mass ratio of Al2O3-C to nano-titanium dioxide is (8.5-9.0):(1.0-1.3); the amount of polyvinyl alcohol is 1-3wt% of the amount of Al2O3-C; the spray granulation process parameters are: pressure 0.3-0.4MPa and temperature 220-250℃; the heat preservation sintering process parameters are: first heat preservation sintering at 150-170℃ for 20-30min, then heat preservation sintering at 270-290℃ for 20-30min, and finally heat preservation sintering at 1200-1300℃ for 3-4h.

5. The method for preparing a high wear-resistant aluminum-copper alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the preparation process of the hydrophobic monomer is as follows: Under nitrogen atmosphere, octadecyl primary amine and triethylamine are added to N-methylpyrrolidone, stirred and dissolved, and then acryloyl chloride is added dropwise. The reaction is continued at 50-60℃ for 15-20h. After the reaction is completed, the mixture is precipitated, filtered, recrystallized and dried to obtain the hydrophobic monomer. The molar ratio of octadecyl primary amine to acryloyl chloride is 1:(1.1-1.2).

6. The method for preparing a high wear-resistant aluminum-copper alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, when preparing hydrophobic modified microspheres, the content of each component is as follows (by mass): 10-12 parts hydrophobic monomer, 8-10 parts octadecyl methacrylate, 25-30 parts methyl methacrylate, 1-1.2 parts dodecyl peroxide, 1-1.2 parts polyvinyl alcohol, and 130-140 parts deionized water.

7. The method for preparing a high wear-resistant aluminum-copper alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the mass-to-volume ratio of Al2O3-C, perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane, ammonia, and deionized water is (0.5-0.8) g : (1.0-1.2) mL : 15 mL : 40 mL.

8. A high wear-resistant aluminum-copper alloy material, characterized in that, Prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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