Multifunctional polyester fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a multifunctional polyester fabric and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of functional textiles. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, under the action of triethylamine, phosphorus oxychloride and dipentaerythritol are subjected to a first-stage reaction in a first solvent, then ethylene glycol is added for a second-stage reaction, and a hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant is obtained; s2, tetraethyl orthosilicate and a hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant are subjected to a reaction in a second solvent, and cyclic phosphate modified silica sol is obtained; s3, dispersing titanium dioxide and zirconium dioxide in the cyclic phosphate modified silica sol, and performing heating reaction to obtain multifunctional finishing liquid; s4, immersing the polyester fabric into the multifunctional finishing liquid, and then performing high-temperature and high-pressure post-treatment to obtain the polyester fabric with the functions of durability, flame retardance, radiation cooling and ultraviolet resistance, and the air permeability is not obviously influenced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of functional textiles, and in particular relates to a multifunctional polyester fabric and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid growth of global demand for functional textiles, polyester fabrics have been widely used in outdoor protection, firefighting equipment, military equipment and other fields due to their excellent mechanical properties, chemical resistance and low cost. However, the functional performance of traditional polyester fabrics in extreme environments is still insufficient, especially in terms of flame retardancy, thermal comfort and UV resistance. Existing technologies usually adopt a single functional modification method, such as improving flame retardancy by adding phosphorus-based flame retardants, or coating nano-titanium dioxide on the fabric surface to achieve radiation cooling. However, the above methods generally have problems such as single function, poor durability and poor process compatibility.

[0003] Xu Shuai et al. (Preparation and Performance Study of Colored Radiative Cooling Coated Fabrics [D]. Zhejiang: Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 2023) used inorganic particles modified with silane coupling agents as the main reflective component and constructed micro-nanostructures on the fabric surface by spraying, thereby producing a cotton fabric with radiative cooling properties. However, the functional components in the functional fabrics prepared by this method were difficult to tightly integrate with the fabric structure, resulting in poor washability.

[0004] Chen Huahu, Ren Wenjun, Cai Ying, et al. (Preparation and Performance Study of UV-Resistant Daytime Radiant Cooling Fabrics [J]. Journal of Textile Science and Engineering, 2025, 42(1): 13-20, 30.) prepared a functional fabric with both good UV-resistant and radiant cooling properties by spraying a mixed dispersion of a self-made silicone-modified acrylic epoxy emulsion and BaSO4 particles onto the surface of polyester fabric. However, in this method, the functional particles mainly rely on the coating to adhere to the fabric surface, which has a significant impact on the fabric's physical properties such as air permeability and feel.

[0005] Invention patent CN117926605A discloses a hydrophobic daytime radiant cooling fabric produced using a cellulose coating modification method. The method involves sequentially applying a cellulose coating and an organic hydrophobic coating to a fabric base. While this method achieves both hydrophobicity and cooling properties on the fabric surface, it significantly impacts key fabric properties such as breathability and softness.

[0006] In recent years, researchers have gradually attempted to integrate multiple functions into the same functional system. However, the coordinated design between different functional components still faces many technical challenges. For example, the direct mixing of flame retardants and cooling particles may fail during high-temperature processing due to differences in thermal stability; while the combination of anti-ultraviolet agents and flame retardants may lead to insufficient interfacial compatibility. In addition, existing finishing processes (such as impregnation and spraying) make it difficult to achieve uniform penetration of functional components into the fiber, limiting the durability of the functions.

[0007] Therefore, developing a multifunctional polyester fabric based on chemical bonding modification to achieve the synergistic integration of high-efficiency flame retardancy, radiation cooling and anti-ultraviolet functions, and resolving the contradiction between functional synergy and process adaptability has become a key technical bottleneck that needs to be broken through in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a multifunctional polyester fabric and a preparation method thereof. First, a hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant is prepared using trichlorophosphorus, dipentaerythritol and ethylene glycol. Then, a cyclic phosphate-modified silica sol is prepared using the hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant and tetraethyl orthosilicate. Subsequently, titanium dioxide and zirconium dioxide are synergistically modified by the silica sol and the cyclic phosphate. Finally, the polyester fabric is modified with the synergistic modification to obtain a polyester fabric with durable flame retardancy, radiation cooling and UV resistance.

[0009] The first object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a multifunctional polyester fabric, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1. Under the action of triethylamine, phosphorus oxychloride and dipentaerythritol are reacted in a first stage in a first solvent, and then ethylene glycol is added to carry out a second stage reaction to obtain a hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant;

[0011] S2, tetraethyl orthosilicate and the hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant described in S1 react in a second solvent to obtain a cyclic phosphate modified silica sol;

[0012] S3, dispersing titanium dioxide and zirconium dioxide in the cyclic phosphate modified silica sol described in S2, and heating the resulting solution to obtain a multifunctional finishing liquid;

[0013] S4, immersing the polyester fabric in the multifunctional finishing liquid described in S3, and then subjecting the polyester fabric to high temperature and high pressure post-treatment to obtain the multifunctional polyester fabric.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, in S1, the molar ratio of triethylamine to phosphorus oxychloride is (1-1.2):1; the molar ratio of phosphorus oxychloride to dipentaerythritol is (2.2-2.5):1, the hydroxyl group of dipentaerythritol can undergo a nucleophilic substitution reaction with the active chlorine of phosphorus oxychloride to form a cyclic phosphate skeleton. Theoretically, each mole of dipentaerythritol can react with two moles of phosphorus oxychloride to form a cyclic phosphate skeleton. Controlling the excess of phosphorus oxychloride helps promote the reaction; the molar ratio of phosphorus oxychloride to ethylene glycol is 1:(1-1.2), and the hydroxyl group of ethylene glycol combines with the unreacted active chlorine of phosphorus oxychloride.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, in S1, the temperature of the first stage reaction is 20°C-25°C, and the time is 3h-4h; the time of the second stage reaction is 2h-3h.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, in S1, the first solvent includes tetrahydrofuran and water.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, in S1, the triethylamine is used as an acid scavenger to promote the reaction.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, in S2, the molar ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate to the hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant is (2-3):1; the concentration of the hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant during the reaction is 75g / L-100g / L; the hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant serves as an acid source and a reaction reagent; tetraethyl orthosilicate undergoes a hydrolysis and condensation reaction in an aqueous solution, and its silanol groups undergo a cross-linking reaction with the hydroxyl groups of the hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant, thereby generating a silica sol network structure rich in cyclic phosphate structure.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, in S2, the reaction temperature is 50°C-60°C, and the reaction time is 2h-3h.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, in S2, the second solvent includes ethanol and water.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, in S3, the heating reaction temperature is 50°C-60°C, and the time is 2h-3h.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, in S3, the proportion of titanium dioxide and zirconium dioxide in the multifunctional finishing liquid is 4 wt%-5 wt%, and the mass ratio of titanium dioxide to zirconium dioxide is 4:(1-1.5).

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention, in S4, the bath ratio of the immersion is 1:(30-40).

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, in S4, the high temperature and high pressure post-treatment is performed at a pressure of 3.0 bar to 3.5 bar, a temperature of 120°C to 130°C, and a time of 50 min to 70 min. Under these conditions, it helps to open the instantaneous gaps in the polyester fiber, allowing the modified nano-titanium dioxide and nano-zirconium dioxide particles to diffuse into the interior of the polyester fiber, thereby producing a polyester fabric with durable flame retardancy, radiation cooling, and UV resistance.

[0025] The second object of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional polyester fabric prepared by the method described above.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present invention, the multifunctional polyester fabric has a limiting oxygen index higher than 30.0%, a damage length lower than 12.1 cm, no droplets are generated, a solar reflectivity higher than 92%, an infrared emissivity higher than 90%, an ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) of 75.0-83.0, and an air permeability of not less than 45.3 mm / s. It has excellent flame retardancy, radiation cooling and UV resistance, and has no significant effect on air permeability. After 50 washes, the damage length is still lower than 13.9 cm, no droplets are generated, the ultraviolet protection factor is higher than 63, and it has excellent water-washing resistance.

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0028] (1) The preparation method of the present invention involves hydrolyzing and condensing a hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant with tetraethyl orthosilicate under acidic conditions to generate a cyclic phosphate-modified silica sol, wherein the cyclic phosphate and silica sol are covalently bonded, and the Si-O-Si structure provides a three-dimensional framework, thereby enhancing the loading capacity of nanoparticles. The nano-titanium dioxide and nano-zirconium dioxide contain hydroxyl groups on their surfaces, which form hydrogen bonds with the silicon hydroxyl groups and other groups abundant on the surface of the cyclic phosphate-modified silica sol, dispersing the nano-titanium dioxide and nano-zirconium dioxide within the three-dimensional Si-O-Si framework, preventing the nanoparticles from agglomerating and forming a uniform and stable dispersion.

[0029] (2) The preparation method described in the present invention uses a high-temperature and high-pressure post-treatment process, so that the densely structured polyester fiber is subjected to the action of high temperature and high pressure, the movement of the macromolecular chain segments is intensified, and the instantaneous gaps are opened, so that the nano-titanium dioxide and nano-zirconium dioxide particles diffuse into the interior of the polyester fiber. In addition, the surfaces of the modified nano-titanium dioxide and nano-zirconium dioxide particles are rich in cyclic phosphate skeletons, which have a high similar miscibility with the polyester fiber and form a tight bond with the polyester fiber, thereby improving the washability of the multifunctional polyester fabric.

[0030] (3) The phosphate structure in the multifunctional polyester fabric of the present invention decomposes to produce PO· and HPO· free radicals, which capture the H· and OH· free radicals in the combustion chain reaction and inhibit the spread of flames. In addition, during combustion, the cyclic phosphate modified silica sol decomposes to form Si-OC, Ti-OC, and Zr-OC cross-linked networks to generate a carbon layer rich in inorganic nanoparticles, which isolates heat and oxygen and has a high flame retardant efficiency. Furthermore, nano-titanium dioxide can reflect visible light with a wavelength of 300nm-800nm, especially effectively blocking ultraviolet-visible light. Nano-zirconium dioxide can reflect near-infrared light with a wavelength of 800nm-2500nm, making up for the absorption gap of nano-titanium dioxide in the near-infrared. Therefore, the two can synergistically dissipate the absorbed heat into the low-temperature universe in the form of infrared radiation, and have excellent radiation cooling function and anti-ultraviolet function. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below according to specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the modified titanium dioxide or modified zirconium dioxide of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0034] In the present invention, unless otherwise defined, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as commonly understood by one skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0035] In the present invention, unless stated otherwise, the term "and / or" used in the present invention includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0036] In the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are conventional methods unless otherwise stated, and the materials, reagents, etc. used are all commercially available unless otherwise stated.

[0037] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the polyester fabric used in the embodiments of the present invention is a woven fabric with a gram weight of 97g / m 2

[0038] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the average particle size of titanium dioxide used in the examples of the present invention is about 60 nm; the average particle size of zirconium dioxide is about 50 nm.

[0039] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the tetraethyl orthosilicate / ethanol solution used in the embodiments of the present invention is obtained by dissolving tetraethyl orthosilicate in ethanol, and the molar ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate to ethanol is 1:(4-6), so as to promote the dissolution, hydrolysis and condensation reactions of tetraethyl orthosilicate in the aqueous solution.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] The multifunctional polyester fabric and preparation method thereof of this embodiment specifically include the following steps:

[0042] S1. Dissolve dipentaerythritol and triethylamine in tetrahydrofuran, slowly add phosphorus oxychloride aqueous solution thereto at 2°C, heat to 23°C after completion of the addition, react for 3.5 hours, then add ethylene glycol and continue to react for 2.5 hours. After completion of the reaction, filter and distill under reduced pressure to obtain a hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant; wherein the mass ratio of dipentaerythritol to tetrahydrofuran is 1:45, the molar ratio of triethylamine to phosphorus oxychloride is 1.1:1, the molar ratio of phosphorus oxychloride to dipentaerythritol is 2.3:1, and the molar ratio of phosphorus oxychloride to ethylene glycol is 1:1.1;

[0043] S2. Dissolving a hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant in water, adding a tetraethyl orthosilicate / ethanol solution thereto, and reacting at 55° C. for 2.5 hours to obtain a cyclic phosphate-modified silica sol; wherein the molar ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate to ethanol in the tetraethyl orthosilicate / ethanol solution is 1:5, and the molar ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate to the hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant is 2.5:1; and the concentration of the hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant during the reaction is 88 g / L;

[0044] S3, gradually ultrasonically disperse nano-titanium dioxide and nano-zirconium dioxide in the cyclic phosphate modified silica sol, and then heat to 55 ° C and stir to react for 2.5 hours to obtain a multifunctional finishing liquid ( Figure 1 ); wherein the proportion of titanium dioxide and zirconium dioxide in the multifunctional finishing liquid is 4.5wt%, and the mass ratio of titanium dioxide and zirconium dioxide is 4:1.3;

[0045] S4. Immerse the polyester fabric in a multifunctional finishing liquid at a bath ratio of 1:35, then place it in an infrared high-temperature and high-pressure reactor, and treat it at a pressure of 3.3 bar and a temperature of 125° C. for 60 minutes to obtain a multifunctional polyester fabric.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] The multifunctional polyester fabric and preparation method thereof of this embodiment specifically include the following steps:

[0048] S1. Dissolve dipentaerythritol and triethylamine in tetrahydrofuran, slowly add phosphorus oxychloride aqueous solution thereto at 0°C, heat to 20°C after completion of the addition, react for 4 hours, then add ethylene glycol and continue to react for 3 hours. After completion of the reaction, filter and distill under reduced pressure to obtain a hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant; wherein the mass ratio of dipentaerythritol to tetrahydrofuran is 1:40, the molar ratio of triethylamine to phosphorus oxychloride is 1:1, the molar ratio of phosphorus oxychloride to dipentaerythritol is 2.2:1, and the molar ratio of phosphorus oxychloride to ethylene glycol is 1:1;

[0049] S2. Dissolving a hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant in water, adding a tetraethyl orthosilicate / ethanol solution thereto, and reacting at 50° C. for 3 hours to obtain a cyclic phosphate-modified silica sol; wherein the molar ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate to ethanol in the tetraethyl orthosilicate / ethanol solution is 1:4, and the molar ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate to the hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant is 2:1; and the concentration of the hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant during the reaction is 75 g / L;

[0050] S3. Gradually ultrasonically dispersing nano-titanium dioxide and nano-zirconium dioxide in the cyclic phosphate-modified silica sol, then heating to 50° C. and stirring for 3 hours to obtain a multifunctional finishing solution; wherein the proportion of titanium dioxide and zirconium dioxide in the multifunctional finishing solution is 4 wt %, and the mass ratio of titanium dioxide to zirconium dioxide is 4:1;

[0051] S4. Immerse the polyester fabric in a multifunctional finishing liquid at a bath ratio of 1:30, then place it in an infrared high-temperature and high-pressure reactor, and treat it at a pressure of 3.0 bar and a temperature of 120° C. for 70 minutes to obtain a multifunctional polyester fabric.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] The multifunctional polyester fabric and preparation method thereof of this embodiment specifically include the following steps:

[0054] S1. Dissolve dipentaerythritol and triethylamine in tetrahydrofuran, slowly add phosphorus oxychloride aqueous solution thereto at 5°C, heat to 25°C after completion of the addition, react for 3 hours, then add ethylene glycol and continue to react for 2 hours. After completion of the reaction, filter and distill under reduced pressure to obtain a hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant; wherein the mass ratio of dipentaerythritol to tetrahydrofuran is 1:50, the molar ratio of triethylamine to phosphorus oxychloride is 1.2:1, the molar ratio of phosphorus oxychloride to dipentaerythritol is 2.5:1, and the molar ratio of phosphorus oxychloride to ethylene glycol is 1:1.2;

[0055] S2. Dissolving a hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant in water, adding a tetraethyl orthosilicate / ethanol solution thereto, and reacting at 60° C. for 2 h to obtain a cyclic phosphate-modified silica sol; wherein the molar ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate to ethanol in the tetraethyl orthosilicate / ethanol solution is 1:6, and the molar ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate to the hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant is 3:1; and the concentration of the hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant during the reaction is 100 g / L;

[0056] S3. Gradually ultrasonically dispersing nano-titanium dioxide and nano-zirconium dioxide in the cyclic phosphate-modified silica sol, then heating to 60° C. and stirring for 2 hours to obtain a multifunctional finishing solution; wherein the proportion of titanium dioxide and zirconium dioxide in the multifunctional finishing solution is 5wt%, and the mass ratio of titanium dioxide to zirconium dioxide is 4:1.5;

[0057] S4. Immerse the polyester fabric in a multifunctional finishing liquid at a bath ratio of 1:40, then place it in an infrared high-temperature and high-pressure reactor, and treat it at a pressure of 3.5 bar and a temperature of 130° C. for 50 minutes to obtain a multifunctional polyester fabric.

[0058] Comparative Example 1

[0059] The method is basically the same as Example 1, except that phosphorus oxychloride is replaced by phosphoric acid.

[0060] Comparative Example 2

[0061] The process is basically the same as Example 1, except that dipentaerythritol is replaced by ethylene glycol.

[0062] Comparative Example 3

[0063] The process is basically the same as Example 1, except that tetraethyl orthosilicate is not added.

[0064] Comparative Example 4

[0065] The process is basically the same as Example 1, except that titanium dioxide is not added.

[0066] Comparative Example 5

[0067] The process is basically the same as Example 1, except that zirconium dioxide is not added.

[0068] Comparative Example 6

[0069] The process is basically the same as Example 1, except that the high temperature and high pressure post-treatment process is replaced by a low temperature immersion process, and the immersion temperature is 90°C.

[0070] Comparative Example 7

[0071] The method is basically the same as Example 1, except that the high temperature and high pressure post-treatment process is replaced by a spraying process.

[0072] Comparative Example 8

[0073] The method is basically the same as Example 1, except that dipentaerythritol, triethylamine, phosphorus oxychloride, ethylene glycol, tetraethyl orthosilicate, nano-titanium dioxide and nano-zirconium dioxide are dissolved in a mixed solvent (the volume ratio of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol and water is 1:1:1) to obtain a finishing solution.

[0074] Test Example 1

[0075] The flame retardant properties of the multifunctional polyester fabrics (modified polyester fabrics) and unmodified polyester fabrics prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-8 were tested:

[0076] Limiting oxygen index (LOI) of fabric: measured in accordance with GB / T 5454-1997 "Textile combustion performance test oxygen index method";

[0077] Vertical burning test of fabrics: tested in accordance with GB / T 5455-2014 “Fire performance of textiles - Determination of vertical direction damage length, smoldering and afterflaming time”;

[0078] Infrared performance of fabrics: measured in accordance with GB / T 30127-2013 "Testing and evaluation of far-infrared properties of textiles";

[0079] Ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) of fabrics: measured in accordance with GB / T 18830-2009 “Evaluation of UV protection properties of textiles”;

[0080] Fabric air permeability: measured at 200Pa according to GB / T 5453-1997 "Determination of air permeability of textile fabrics";

[0081] Table 1 shows the final measured properties of modified polyester fabrics and unmodified polyester fabrics, where 0 times and 50 times are the number of washes:

[0082] Table 1

[0083]

[0084] As can be seen from Table 1, the multifunctional polyester fabric of the embodiment has a limiting oxygen index higher than 30.0%, a damage length lower than 12.1 cm, no droplets are generated, a solar reflectivity higher than 92%, an infrared emissivity higher than 90%, an ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) of 75.0-83.0, and an air permeability of not less than 45.3 mm / s, and has excellent flame retardancy, radiation cooling, and UV resistance, with no significant impact on air permeability. After 50 washes, the damage length is still lower than 13.9 cm, no droplets are generated, the ultraviolet protection factor is higher than 63, and it has excellent water-washing resistance.

[0085] Comparing Example 1 with Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that when phosphorus oxychloride is replaced with phosphoric acid, the functionality and durability of the modified polyester fabric are both poor. This is because phosphoric acid cannot react with dipentaerythritol to form a cyclic phosphate structure, resulting in poor bonding between the finishing agent in the multifunctional finishing solution and the polyester fiber.

[0086] Comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, it can be seen that when dipentaerythritol is replaced with ethylene glycol, the functionality and durability of the modified polyester fabric are both poor. This is because the cyclic phosphate structure cannot be formed, resulting in poor bonding between the finishing agent in the multifunctional finishing solution and the polyester fiber.

[0087] Comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 3, it can be seen that without the addition of tetraethyl orthosilicate, the modified polyester fabric exhibits poor radiant cooling, UV resistance, and durability. This is because the hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant alone makes it difficult to disperse the nano-titanium dioxide and nano-zirconium dioxide in the finishing solution. The nano-titanium dioxide and nano-zirconium dioxide aggregate, making it difficult to diffuse into the polyester fiber.

[0088] Comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 4, it can be seen that when titanium dioxide is not added, the reflectivity of the modified polyester fabric to sunlight is reduced and the anti-ultraviolet performance is reduced, resulting in a significant reduction in the functionality of the modified polyester fabric, especially the radiation cooling performance and anti-ultraviolet performance.

[0089] Comparison of Example 1 and Comparative Example 5 shows that when zirconium dioxide is not added, the infrared emissivity of the modified polyester fabric decreases, resulting in a significant decrease in the functionality of the modified polyester fabric, especially the radiation cooling performance.

[0090] Comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 6, it can be seen that replacing the high-temperature, high-pressure post-treatment process with a low-temperature impregnation process significantly reduces the functionality and durability of the modified polyester fabric. This is because the polyester fiber has a dense structure, which makes it difficult to open instantaneous gaps under low-temperature conditions. This makes it difficult for the finishing agent to diffuse into the fiber interior and is only adsorbed on the fiber surface.

[0091] Comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 7, it can be seen that replacing the high-temperature, high-pressure post-treatment process with a spray coating process significantly reduces the functionality and durability of the modified polyester fabric. This is because the polyester fiber has a dense structure, which makes it difficult to open instantaneous gaps at room temperature. This makes it difficult for the finishing agent to diffuse into the fiber interior and is only adsorbed on the fiber surface, resulting in reduced air permeability.

[0092] Comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 8, it can be seen that when all the raw materials are simply mixed, the functionality and durability of the modified polyester fabric are poor. This is because the cyclic phosphate structure cannot be formed, and the surface modification of the nano-titanium dioxide and nano-zirconium dioxide cannot be completed. The nano-titanium dioxide and nano-zirconium dioxide easily aggregate in the solution and have difficulty diffusing into the fiber interior, with only a small amount adsorbed on the fiber surface.

[0093] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarity of explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation methods here. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a multifunctional polyester fabric, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Under the action of triethylamine, phosphorus oxychloride and dipentaerythritol are reacted in a first stage in a first solvent, and then ethylene glycol is added to carry out a second stage reaction to obtain a hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant; S2, tetraethyl orthosilicate and the hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant described in S1 react in a second solvent to obtain a cyclic phosphate modified silica sol; S3, dispersing titanium dioxide and zirconium dioxide in the cyclic phosphate modified silica sol described in S2, and heating the resulting mixture to obtain a multifunctional finishing solution; S4, immersing the polyester fabric in the multifunctional finishing liquid described in S3, and then subjecting the polyester fabric to high temperature and high pressure post-treatment to obtain the multifunctional polyester fabric.

2. The method for preparing the multifunctional polyester fabric according to claim 1, wherein: In S1, the molar ratio of triethylamine to phosphorus oxychloride is (1-1.2):1; the molar ratio of phosphorus oxychloride to dipentaerythritol is (2.2-2.5):1; and the molar ratio of phosphorus oxychloride to ethylene glycol is 1:(1-1.2).

3. The method for preparing the multifunctional polyester fabric according to claim 1, wherein: In S1, the temperature of the first stage reaction is 20°C-25°C, and the time is 3h-4h; the time of the second stage reaction is 2h-3h.

4. The method for preparing the multifunctional polyester fabric according to claim 1, wherein: In S2, the molar ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate to the hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant is (2-3):1; and the concentration of the hydroxyl-containing cyclic phosphate flame retardant during the reaction is 75 g / L-100 g / L.

5. The method for preparing the multifunctional polyester fabric according to claim 1, wherein: In S2, the reaction temperature is 50°C-60°C, and the reaction time is 2h-3h.

6. The method for preparing the multifunctional polyester fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the heating reaction temperature is 50°C-60°C, and the time is 2h-3h.

7. The method for preparing the multifunctional polyester fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the proportion of titanium dioxide and zirconium dioxide in the multifunctional finishing liquid is 4 wt%-5 wt%, and the mass ratio of titanium dioxide to zirconium dioxide is 4:(1-1.5).

8. The method for preparing the multifunctional polyester fabric according to claim 1, wherein: In S4, the bath ratio of the immersion is 1:(30-40).

9. The method for preparing the multifunctional polyester fabric according to claim 1, wherein: In S4, the high temperature and high pressure post-treatment is performed at a pressure of 3.0 bar to 3.5 bar, a temperature of 120° C. to 130° C., and a time of 50 min to 70 min.

10. The multifunctional polyester fabric prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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